OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE IN CIVIL WORKS

1. OPERATION IN CIVIL WORKS

It is the document that includes the strategy with which the operation must be
carried out, oriented fun fundamentally towards security. In this sense, the Manual
meets the following objectives:

• Documents all the tasks and activities of the operation, establishing the
objectives of each of them, the resources they use and the procedures for the
orderly execution of actions. tions.
• It is fundamentally focused on security. It is about achieving a high level of
safety on the entire road or highway, planning both the information measures
tion to users and prevention of accidents as well as response actions to
emergencies cias.
• Serves as a guide for the operation, under the consensus of all the
organizations directly or indirectly involved in the operation, gathering the
competencies of each in the different activities: emergency response, traffic
violations, operation, maintenance, etc. .
• Ensures the establishment of a procedure for continuous improvement of the
operation, learn drawing on experience and incorporating new acquired
knowledge, since the Operation Manual is considered a living document that
must evolve over time.
• Ensures compliance with existing regulations on activities included in the scope
of operation and conservation.
1.1 General operation plan
1.1.1. Goals
The operation strategy is aimed at meeting objectives through efficient use of
assigned resources.
The objectives of the operation are the following:
1. Manage the circulation and conditions of the roads, guaranteeing an optimal
level of safety, trying to ensure that the conditions present in the tunnels are similar
to those in the open air, through the appropriate and organized use of
infrastructures and facilities.
2. The efficient attention and management of incidents, facilitating rapid, effective
and coordinated intervention of the intervention services of the operation, as well
as the prompt intervention of external organizations, assisting them if necessary.
3. Increase the quality of the service offered to users as much as possible, and
ensure that they clearly perceive the quality of the service.
4. Ensure correct information to users about the traffic conditions of the road or
highway, through all available channels.
5. Offer optimal operating conditions for facilities, equipment and services on the
highway, which provide the user with a high quality of service and prolong the
useful life of the structure and facilities of the road section.
6. Optimize operating costs without affecting the level of service, safety and
comfort of users.
Within each plan, its own and specific objectives will be defined.
2. MAINTENANCE IN CIVIL WORKS
2.1. Station Buildings. Tunnels. Workshops. Auxiliary Buildings and
Electrical Substations.
The maintenance of the Civil Works includes preserving in correct state of use and
suitable for operation, the constituent components of the Stations, Tunnel,
Workshop Buildings and Substations.
The OPERATOR must not make any changes to the design of the stations, unless
authorized by SBASE. All elements to be replaced must be the same as the
originals. In cases of force majeure (lack of import, discontinuous manufacturing,
etc.) the replacement of elements of at least similar quality and characteristics will
be accepted. When these spare elements form a cloth or a set, authorization must
be requested from SBASE or the whole must be changed.
In the case of elements of heritage value (majolica, works of art, forged ironwork,
etc.), the OPERATOR must ensure their conservation and/or restoration in
accordance with current regulations and/or those that may arise from the
Organizations. relevant during the period of validity of this contract.
Maintenance of works. They are the actions and works that must be carried out,
continuously or periodically, in a systematic manner, to protect the physical works
from the action of time and wear due to their use and operation, ensuring
maximum performance of the functions for which they have been built. .

It is important to highlight that construction and civil works are necessary and
important for society, since their execution achieves the development of cities,
countries and the entire world. It is also an obligation to maintain it so that said
structure does not deteriorate in the short term and can last without presenting any
type of problems in its physical and internal state; It should be noted that this
maintenance that the works receive is of several types, each one with its particular
characteristics.

2.2. Types of construction maintenance

 Ordinary maintenance

It includes all those periodic works on common or private elements that, according
to the technical characteristics of the building, must be carried out due to its use
and the aging and wear of its protection systems and facilities due to the ordinary
action of environmental aggressiveness and aging itself. of the materials used in its
construction.

 Preventive Maintenance

Any measure taken in advance and foresight, during the period of use and
maintenance of the structure. As an example, we can mention the elimination of
acid mold and the cleaning of the façade, patching and remedying exposed
surfaces, painting with water-repellent varnishes, renovation and construction of
flashings, leaks, parapets and other protective measures.

 Corrective maintenance

It corresponds to the work of diagnosis, prognosis, repair and protection of

structures that already present pathological manifestations, that is, correction of
obvious problems.
 Extraordinary repairs

They include those works necessary to carry out in buildings when the following
situations occur:

- Extraordinary breakdowns derived from the abnormal action of climatological or

environmental agents

- Extraordinary damages derived from the anticipated age of components,

installations, etc. of the building due to hidden effects and defects in the design or
quality of construction

- Periodic and extraordinary replacement work of equipment or facilities due to

compliance with their average duration periods

 Ordinary maintenance work on common elements

These are those periodic works that, according to the technical characteristics of
the building, must be carried out due to its use and/or the aging and wear of its
protection systems and facilities due to the ordinary action of environmental
aggressiveness and the aging of the materials used. in its construction.

 Ordinary maintenance work on private elements

It is any work motivated by the ordinary action of environmental aggressiveness

and the aging of the materials used in its construction, although referring to the
interior of homes, in which the impact of the system of use is usually enormous
when it comes to evaluating the need for periodicity and scope of work.

Classification of maintenance according to the objectives, complexity and costs of

maintenance

 Simple or regular maintenance

They can be considered from works as simple as the periodic cleaning of certain
elements in order to eliminate dust, humidity and eroding or aggressive agents,
etc., to the replacement or repair of certain components of the building; for
example, replacement of lamps, switches and other elements of the electrical
installation, painting, repair or replacement of hardware, carpentry, glass, tiles. The
average cost of the operations contemplated in this maintenance can range
between 2 and 5% of the total cost of the building; They can be carried out by the
users themselves or specialized personnel.

 Medium maintenance

It consists of the repair of non-essential parts of the building to prolong its useful
life and avoid more serious deterioration. It must be carried out by personnel
specialized in this type of work. The average cost ranges between 10 and 15% of
the total cost of the building.

 Complex maintenance

It consists of the complex repair or replacement of fundamental elements of the

building; for example, main load-bearing elements and other important structural
components. It must be carried out by specialized personnel; Its average cost
varies from 25 to 30% of the total cost of the building. It is important to highlight
that it is necessary to create a general culture of application of preventive
maintenance, for which it will be essential that in each project the documentation
referring to the maintenance of the property is prepared and reviewed with the
same rigor and obligation with which the projects are carried out on a regular basis.
traditional. It is necessary to require that each new work that is going to be built
has, as part of the documentation prepared by the designers, the Proposal or
Maintenance Plan, which must be carried out once its execution is completed and
its exploitation has begun. It will then be necessary to foresee, from the moment
the project is developed, all those details that are essential to be able to
successfully carry out preventive maintenance (inserts or elements to place
scaffolding to clean and paint the facades, access stairs to all areas of the building
and, especially to rooftops).