Financial Analysis and Forecasting

Summer Internship Report 2024

Under the mentorship of Submitted by:
Mr. Deepak Gupta Vedansh Kapoor
Finance Planning & Analysis IPM - BBA (2022-2025)
Senior Manager IIM Rohtak
Reliance Jio Infocom Ltd
PREFACE

I was assigned the project title "Financial Analysis and Forecasting for Jio" by the company for the
duration of my internship.

In JIO I worked as a financial analyst and was responsible for doing variance analysis of project
finance, operations & maintenance, business finance, and business planning.

In project finance, I was responsible for analyzing how to make the right of way and invoice
processing easier and identifying loopholes to have a great impact on the cost aspect.

My another role was to adopt different analysis techniques so that a proper and more enhanced
process could be developed to reduce the errors while working with a huge vendor data list.

Another role was involved related to business finance where I learned how to onboard different
enterprises which were categorized as ED (enterprise distribution), ARD (activation and recharge
distribution), and many more. In this role, my work was to analyze how the onboarding process
could be made easier and hassle-free for both vendors and for JIO by working on the loopholes.

As a working analyst, it was important to help JIO with my ideas and analysis and provide a method
where my analysis would save some costs related to various aspects like tower installation, which
included rent, electricity bills, and fuel. It was crucial to determine which type of tower was cost-
effective while providing maximum range, such as RTT (roof top tower) and GBM (ground-based
monopoly tower).

Date: 26th June 2024 Vedansh Kapoor

Gurgaon

2
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my gratitude towards my mentor, Mr. Deepak Gupta, who holds

the position of Senior Manager at Reliance Jio Infocom Ltd. I appreciate his guidance and

the valuable experience he imparted during my internship.

I would also like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to Mr. Niteshwar Singh for his

unwavering support, guidance, and valuable insights throughout every step of the

process. His assistance was truly invaluable in helping me navigate through the

challenges and complexities of the task at hand.

Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to all the people who have generously

shared their time, valuable insights, and supported me throughout the internship.

Date: 26th June 2024 Vedansh Kapoor

Gurgaon

3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The report is structured into various topics, providing an insight into the concept of working capital

and its necessity for companies. In project finance, my role involved analyzing methods to streamline

right of way and invoice processing, identifying loopholes to optimize costs effectively.

Another role was undertaken in relation to business finance, where I acquired the knowledge of

onboarding various enterprises categorized as ED (enterprise distribution), ARD (activation and

recharge distribution), and more. In this role, my task was to analyze how the onboarding process

could be simplified and made hassle-free for both vendors and JIO by addressing any existing

loopholes.

Another task was Initial (fixed capital) Cost optimization.

By creating a table in Excel, we utilized a combination to determine the appropriate percentages for

Underground (UG) and Aerial installations.

Assuming there were 1000 Fiber Service Areas (FSAs) each covering 10km, the total area would be

10,000km. Out of this 10,000km, 70% was allocated for Underground installations and 30% for Aerial

installations. To optimize costs, it was crucial to review the mix percentages for cost-effectiveness. My

task involved collaborating with the finance department and my mentor to explore various

combinations, aiming to achieve the most cost-efficient solution. Once the final percentages were

determined, approval from the project department and ROW team was obtained.

4
TABLE OF CONTENT

PREFACE .................................................................................................................................ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................ iii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ iv

CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 6 - 7

1.1 – INDIAN TELECOM AUTHORITIES ....................................................................... 7

1.2 – REVENUE MODEL ........................................................................................... 8
1.3 TELECOM COMPANIES ...................................................................................... 11

CHAPTER 2 – ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE........................................................................... 13

CHAPTER 3 – BUSINESS PLANNING ......................................................................................... 16

CHAPTER 4 – RIGHT OF WAY.................................................................................................... 17

4.1 – CHECKLIST FOR DN FOR ROW ........................................................................... 20

CHAPTER 5 – PITFALLS ............................................................................................................. 20

5.1 – ROAD RESTORATION CHARGES ......................................................................... 21

5.2 – HOW TO ONBOARD A PARTNER ........................................................................ 22

CHAPTER 6 –BILLING E CARE ..................................................................................................... 23

CHAPTER 7 – PROJECT (INVOICE) .............................................................................................. 24

CHAPTER 8 – INVOICE PROCESSING .......................................................................................... 26

CHAPTER 9 – OPERATION & MAINTENANCE............................................................................... 29

CHAPTER 10 – POINTS TO REMEMBER ....................................................................................... 31

CHAPTER 11 – ROW DN ANALYSIS ..............................................................................................32

11.1 – ROW ANALYSIS 2 ..............................................................................................32

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION..................................................................................... 34

BIBLIOGRAPHY.......................................................................................................................... 35

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 CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION

JIO

Telecom industry

Divided into three sub groups

 Telecom equipment (the largest),

 Telecom services (next largest),
 Wireless communication.

The major segments within these sub-sectors include the following:

 Wireless communications
 Communications equipment
 Processing systems and products
 Long-distance carriers
 Domestic telecom services
 Foreign telecom services
 Diversified communication services

2G 3G 4G 5G

 Data speeds of up  Speed of up to 2 While 4G LTE is a 30 GHz to 300 GHz

to 64 kbps ( KILO Mbps. major improvement
Extremely high
BITE PER SECOND) over 3G speeds, it is
 Increased speeds, low latency
technically not 4G.
 Use of digital bandwidth and (an expression of how
much time it takes for a
signals instead of data transfer
4G LTE is a “fourth data packet to travel
analog. rates
generation long term from one designated
point to another).
 Enabled services  Send/receive evolution”
such as SMS and large email High resolution video
MMS (Multimedia messages Some of the features streaming, remote
Message) of 4G LTE are: control of vehicles,
 Large capacities robots and medical
 Provided better and broadband o Support procedures.
quality voice calls capabilities interactive
multimedia,
 It used a bandwidth  It operates at a voice, video.
of 30 to 200 KHz range of 2100
MHz and has a o High speed,
bandwidth of 15- high capacity
20 MHz. and low cost
per bit
(Speeds of up
to 20 Mbps or
more.)

6
 o Global and
scalable
mobile
networks.
o Ad hoc and
multi-hop
networks.

DOUBT IN THE DIFF

BETWEEN 4G AND
LTE.

TOP SPEED AVERAGE SPEED

NETWORK
5G 10 Gbps 400 Mbps

4G 1 Gbps 50 Mbps

3G 2 Mbps 3 Mbps

2G 64 Kbps 0.1 Mbps ( 100 Kbps)

SOME FACTS ABOUT TELECOM

 World’s 2nd largest mobile network.

 4 million total employment
 India is one of the highest consumers of data per day with approximately 5 hours of daily
time spend on smartphones.
 Subscriber base of 1.17 Billion as of August 2022 (wireless + wireline subscribers).
 Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme worth INR 12,195 Cr for manufacturing of
telecom and networking products.

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1.1 INDIAN TELECOM AUTHORITIES

 Department of  Wireless Planning Commission

Telecommunications (DoT) (WPC)
The Central Government acts through The WPC is a wing of the DoT
the DoT to exercise its exclusive responsible for Frequency Spectrum
privilege of establishing, maintaining Management, including the licensing
and working telegraph and wireless of wireless stations. They are in-
equipment, as well as granting of charge of catering to the needs of all
licences for such activities. wireless users in India

8
  Telecom Regulatory Authority
 Standing Advisory Committee of India (TRAI)
on Frequency Application
TRAI is an autonomous statutory
(SAFCA)
body with the sole authority to take
SAFCA, another wing of the DoT
binding decisions on the fixation of
grants approval for radio frequency
tariffs for the provision of
used by telecom service providers. In
telecommunications services. TRAI’s
addition to a telecom license, an
recommendations must be considered
operator requires a NOC from
by the DoT before licensing telecom
SAFCA to commence their service.
services.

1.2 REVENUE MODEL OF TELECOM INDUSTRY

FIXED DATA OR
VOICE SERVICE

TO OTHER TELE TELECOM SUBSCRIPTION

COMPANIES BASED MOBILE

WIRELESS
SERVICES

REVENUE MODEL – SUBSCRIPTION, LICENSING AND MARKUP

9
GUIDELINE FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TOWER
The antenna rule As per DoT guidelines,

 If a mobile tower has 1 antenna ,it should be installed at minimum distance of 20

metres from a house,
 In case of 2 antennas minimum distance should be 35 metres,
 For 4 antennas it should be 45 metres
 6 antennas the minimum distance should be 55 metres.

SPECTRUM INFO

 The 700 MHz band is being adopted as a prime coverage band for deployment of LTE/5G
technology.
 Spectrum in 800 MHz band , 900 MHz band and 1800 MHz band ,was primarily being used
for providing voice service (2G service) in India. Now these bands are predominantly being
used to deliver high speed data services using LTE.
 2100 MHz spectrum band (3GPP band B1) was opened up in India for deploying 3G
networks.
 The telco had to spend INR 3.02 Cr per MHz, which was the second-highest cost of
acquisition of spectrum during the auction.

 Reliance Jio (INR 88,078 Cr) was the biggest spender at the spectrum auction,
The Akash Ambani-led telco bought the rights to use 24,740 MHz of spectrum for 20
years.
 followed by Bharti Airtel (INR 43,084 Cr)
 and Vodafone Idea (INR 18,799 Cr)

10
Jio was the only telco that bought the premium 700 MHz spectrum band, taking the telco’s
cost for acquisition of spectrum to INR 3.56 Cr per MHz.
The five most expensive circles were Delhi, Mumbai, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Andhra
Pradesh related to spectrum.

1.3 TELECOM COMPANIES

CUSTOMER BASE

JIO 424.51 MILLION (42.6 Cr)

AIRTEL 367.60 MILLION ( 36.8 Cr)
VODAFONE 239 MILLION (23.9 Cr)
BSNL 105 MILLION (10.9 Cr)
MTNL 2.76 MILLION (.276 Cr)
Capex of telecom Industry – 3.45 Trillion

JIO 37.28%
AIRTEL 32.27%
VODAFONE 20.99%
BSNL 9.21%
MTNL 0.24%

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SHARE PRICE

JIO 2331.45
AIRTEL 761.15
VODAFONE 6.15
BSNL -
MTNL 18.65

CHURN RATE GROSS ADDITIONS NET ADDITIONS

JIO – 2% JIO – 32.7 M 7.7 M

AIRTEL – 3.3% AIRTEL - 3.8 M

VI – 4.3%

RELIANCE JIO REVENUE MODEL 42.138 CRORE SUBSCRIBERS

 “FREEMIUM MODEL OF SUBSCRIPTION”

 CHEAP TELECOM SERVICE PROVIDER IN TERMS OF PER UNIT COST
 RELIANCE JIO SELLS WAY MORE UNITS AS COMPARED TO ITS COMPETITORS
 TWO MAJOR WAYS OF REVENUE GENERATION
 CHARGING EXTRA PER USER
 SELLING MORE UNITS

TELECOM PROFIT MARGIN – 12.5%

RELAINCE JIO PROFIT MARGIN – 26.3%

12
 CHAPTER 2 – ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

STRUCTURE OF THE JIO TELECOM

NHQ

SALES &
FINANCE OPERATIONS R&D
MARKETING

CFO (Mr.
RAJNISH JAIN)

PROJECT BUSINESS BUSINESS CONSOLIDATION

FINANCE OPERATIONS AND
FINANCE PLANNING
(PAYABLE) ACCOUNTING

INDIRECT TAX DIRECT TAX

EAST WEST SOUTH

REGION HEAD
(NORTH)

MR. RKM

13
 CIRCLES D

CIRCLE (DELHI)

BPA (BUSINESS
BUSINESS FINANCE PROJECT FINANCE OPERATIONS OTHERS
PLANNING &
ANALYSIS)

JC JC JC TILL
JC JC JC
1 4 5 JC
2 3 6
34

EACH JIO CENTRE IS MANAGED BY A FC&A AND IS RESPONSIBLE TO SENT REPORT TO EACH OF
THE DEPARMENT MENTIONED ABOVE.

ALL THE RESPECTIVE JCs WILL SET UP SMALL UNITS IN THE VILLAGES WHICH WILLL CONSIST OF
2-3 PEOPLE TO HAVE A WIDER REACH AND ABLE TO CONNECT WITH MORE PEOPLE AND
RESOLVE THEIR QUERY AND PROVIDING SERVICES.

EACH JIO CENTRE CONSIST OF AROUND 150 PEOPLE WHICH IS HEADED BY FC&A.

THE AIM OF JIO CENTRE IS TO COVER ALL THE AREAS OF DELHI BY SETTING WITHIN EVERY 3-5
KILOMETERS.

THE MAIN CIRCLES OF NORTH ARE DELHI, RAJASTHAN, UP (NORTH), UP (WEST)

14
CHAPTER – 3

BUSINESS PLANNING

PHASES OF PLANNING

BUSINESS BUSINESS
BUSINESS OPERATIONS ANALYTICS REPORTING
PLANNING SETUP

DECISION TAKEN BY THE

TOP MANAGEMENT

o PLANNING FOR TOWER

INFRASTRUCTURE
o SURVEY
o ACQUIRE (LEASE AGREEMENT)
o TOWER INSTALLATION

PROJECT FINANCE

MOBILITY BROADBAND (FIBRE)

TOWER INSTALLATION

FTTH (FIBRE TO THE HOME) OTHER

VENDOR FINALISATION

15
 MATERIAL SERVICE

BOQ SOQ

RESPONSIBILITY (WORK EXPOSURE)

PROJECT FINANCE

ROW(RIGHT OF WAY) INVOICE PROCESSING MATERIAL CONTROL MAINTENANCE

WORK ORDER VALIDATE MIS OTHERS

16
 CHAPTER 4

PROCESS OF RIGHT OF WAY

COMPANY APPROACH

FCA AUTHORITY
VALIDATE

POLICY
RATE
DM(DEMAND
SURVEY
SCOPE NOTE)

MIS SURVEY DONE BY AUTHORITY

SYSTEM PROCESSES

PAYMENT MADE TO THE AUTHORITY

SCs / ROW ----- EXECUTION

K2 UPLOAD

AUTHORISATION LAYER ----- THERE ARE SEVERAL LAYERS

17
 ALL THE THINGS ARE RECORDED IN SAP LIKE PAYMENT

RELIANCE JIO USE TWO SYSTEMS MAINLY

K2 PORTAL PROCESS IIMS PORTAL

4.1 CHECKLIST FOR ALL THE DN FOR ROW TEAM

THE REGIONAL ROW TEAM TO PROCESS THE CHECKLIST FOR THE CENTRAL ROW TEAM TO VALIDATE
AND APPROVE.

CENTRAL ROW TEAM TO SEND THE CHECKLIST TO FC&A TEAM ALONG WITH THE DN FOR PAYMENT
VALIDATION AND PROCESSING.

DN NO. DN LENGTH OF DN
DATE RATE IN DN
ROUTE FROM TO OTHER CHARGES
START FROM ILA TO ILA ESTIMATE TOTAL CHARGES
AUTHORITY NAME DEVIATION ( CLEAR/LOW/HIGH)

S. NO. CHECK LIST FOR DN PROCESSING STATUS REMARKS

 X NA
1 COPY OF DEMAND NOTES WITH
CALCULATION / ESTIMATION SHEET
ATTACHED

2 SCAN COPY OF APPLICATION TO

AUTHORITY AGAINST THE DN WITH
FILE NO. AND CHAINAGE DETAILS

3 SCOPE AND STRATA HAS BEEN

CHECKED WITH SURVEY DRAWING /
BY SITE ENGINEER

4 DETAIL OF THE CONTRACTOR/

CONMTRACTORS ASSIGNED FOR THE
ROUTE

5 WBS CODE OF THE VENDOR/

VENDORS FOR THE ROUTE AS PER
WORK ORDER ( IF MULTIPLE VENDOR
THEN PUT WBS AGAINST EACH
VENDOR)

18
6 LATEST CIRCULAR FROM AUTHORITY
FOR DN RATES VALIDATION/ DN FOR
OTHER OPERATOR ISSUED BY SAME
AUTHORITY

7 PAYEE DETAILS WITH COMPLETE

ADDRESS AND PIN

8 DD / BG IN FAVOUR OF AUTHORITY

9 BG FORMAT / AGREEMENT FORMAT

DUALLY FILLED ATTACHED

10 DEMAND TYPE – FOR JOINT VENTURE

/ RESTORATION/ WAY – LEAVE
CHARGES / SECURITY /ROAD CUTTING
CHARGES

11 TYPE OF PAYMENT - REFUNDABLE/

NON- REFUNDABLE BANK
GUARANTEE

12 TIME DUARTION OF ROW

AVAILABILITY

13 ILA NAME AND KM (VENDOR WISE –

IF MORE THAN ONE VENDOR IS
OPERATING)

14 EXPECTED DATE OF START OF WORK

15 EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION OF

WORK
16 LEAD VENDOR TO COLLECT THE
BG/SD

17 CINFIRMATION OF ROW BOUNDARY

AND ROW WIDTH FOR OFC LAYING
FOR ENTIRE STRETCH

18 LAT/ LONG FOR THE ROUTE

LOCATION FROM – ROUTE LOCATION
TO OF THE SECTION APPLIED

19 CONFIRM WHETHER THERE IS ANY

ROAD WIDENING IN THE STRETCH IN
NEXT 18/24 MONTHS.

20 WORK ORDER NO OF CONTRACTOR

21 RESTORATION CHARGES – YES/ NO

19
 22 CONFIRM WHETHER WE HAVE TO PAY
ROW CHARGES TO ANY OTHER
AUTHORITY OTHER THAN THE DN
OBTAINED ( FOREST / RAILWAY/ GAIL
COULD BE THE EXEMPTION)
JUSTIFICATION FOR DN DEVIATION/ OTHER
REMARKS
COMPLETED BY

REVIEWED BY

CHAPTER - 5

THREE PITFALLS ARE

1. GREEN
2. ORANGE
3. RED

GREEN CHANNEL CASES METHODOLGY FOR DIGGING

ANY DEMAND NOTE WHICH IS ISSUED ONLY FOR HDD AS PER THE STANDARD PARAMETERS WILL BE
CLASSIFIED AS GREEN CHANNEL CASE.

HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DIGGING

CRITERIA

1. DEMAND NOTE IS CONSIDERING ONLY HDD METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION ADHERING TO

FOLLOWING STANDARD PARAMETERS.
 PIT SIZE NOT MORE THAN 1.5M*1.5M
 DISTANCE BETWEEN PITS NOT TO BE LESS THAN 100 METERS.
 RATES CHARGED ONLY ON PIT BASIS
2. UNCONDITIONAL DEMAND NOTE
3. RATES ARE AS PER LATEST CIRCULAR OF THE AUTHORITY
4. NO CONDITIONS ON CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
5. ROUTE CLEARED BY THE PMO/ CONSTRUCTION TEAM
6. NO WIDENING OF ROAD PROPOSED IN NEXT 18-24 MONTHS.

20
 7. DN WITH NO REGULATORY AND ADD ON COMMERCIAL IMPLICATION
8. DN WHICH HAS NO OVERLAP WITH ANY AUTHORITY (FOREST, RAILWAY, PIPELINE BEING AN
EXEMPTION.

EVERY APPLICATION FOR SEEKING ROAD CUT PERMISSION, SHALL BE ACCOMPANIED THE
ADMINISTRATIVE FEES @RS. 1000 PER KM FOR EXAMINATION OF THE APPLICATION.

5.1 ROAD RESTORATION CHARGES:

S. NO. DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM UNIT RATES (IN RS.)

1 BITUMINOUS CONCRETE SURFACE Sqm 4430/-

2 CHEQUERRED TILES/ RCC SLAB/ CC Sqm 2660/-

SLAB ON WALKWAY/ FOOTPATHS
ETC.

3 RED/ WHITE SAND STONE ON Sqm 2340/-

FOOTPATH/ WALKWAY ETC.

4 BRICK ON EDGE FLOORING Sqm 700/-

5 INTERLOCKING ON FOOTPATH/ Sqm 1880/-

WALKWAY ETC.

6 D.Q. STONE FLOORING Sqm 3110/-

7 CEMENT CONCRETE ROAD Sqm 2880/-

8 KATCHA PORTION/ GREEN OF ROAD Sqm 530/-

BERM/ NON IRRIGATED AREAS/
IRRIGATED DEVELOPED/ GREEN
MAINTAINED AREAS/ LANDSCAPING
GREENS INCLUDING FLOWER BEDS

9 GRANITE OF ANY COLOUR AND Sqm 6680/-

SHADE ON FOOTPATH/ WALKWAY
ETC.

10 G.R.C./ ULTRA TILE ETC. FOOTPATH/ Sqm 3720/-

WALKWAYS

11 EXTRA CHARGES FOR MASTIC / Sqm 1460/-

ASPHALTIC ROADS

21
PIA – PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AGENCY

ROA – ROAD OURVING AGENCY

5.2 HOW TO ONBOARD A PARTNER

1. LOGIN TO PARTNER CENTRAL

2. SELECT GIGA SALES ENTREPRENURSHIP – JC
3. ENTER JFM DETAILS
4. UPLOAD DOCUMENTS
5. ENTER JFM ATTRIBUTES
6. ENTER AGENT PROFILE

CHAPTER - 6

BILLING E –CARE

CANCELLED CHEQUE TO BE ATTACHED FOR ALL THE SD REFUND CASES WHEREIN THE BANK DETAILS
ARE CAPTURED.

OC – OPERATIONAL COMPLAINT

BLI – BILLING LOCATION ID

SD – SEC. DEPOSIT

ACH – AUTOMATED CLEARING HOUSE

ECH – ELECTRONIC CLEARING HOUSE

DUNNING / BARRING – TO BLOCK THE ENTERPRISE SITE

ORN – ORDER NUMBER

SAP SERVER – MOSTLY USED IN JIO ARE

447 (AER) – 9008 (FIX CODE RC - P)

P-91 – 6000 (FIX CODE – RC 3)

P-92

P-22 - USED FOR REPORT BLOCKING

YSCM REPORT (RC – P)

CHAPTER - 7

22
 PROJECT (INVOICE)

MANAGEMENT

PLANNING TEAM1

BUSINESS TEAM AND

OTHERS

REJECT ACCEPT

CAPEX (CAPITAL
EXPENDITURE)

REJECT
FOR APPROVAL
L1 L2 L3

ACCEPT

VENDOR INVOICE
GENERATION
VENDOR SLECTION
BY PNC
HOTO (HANDOVER (PROCUREMENT
TAKEOVER) AND

23
HANDOVER TO
COMPANY WORK EXECUTED BY WORK ORDER ISSUANCE
VENDOR TO VENDORS
OFFER
 TENDER

CONSTRUCTION/ PROJECT OPERATION

VALIDATE/ APPROVAL

BANKING TEAM

L1 NHQ (PAYABLE TEAM)

L2

FCA L1 ------------ L2 APPROVE

VALIDATE

24
CHAPTER - 8

INVOICE PROCESSING

SERVICE PROVIDER

BILLS
JIO VENDOR

SERVICE

INVOICE

MATERIAL

MATERIAL RECONCILIATION

THE ONE WHO MANAGES THE RECONCILIATION PART OF

MATERIAL IS MATERIAL CO-ORDINATOR

SAP

ISSUE OF MATERIAL VENDOR GOT SOME MATERIAL

CONSUMPTION OF MATERIAL AND USED (CONSUMPTION) 50K OUT OF 1LAKH

CAPEX

ROW

MATERIAL

SERVICE

PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY JUST TO

ENSURE THE QUALITY

25
 OFC

FTTH

FTTH- X

ISP – WIFI – SMALL CELL

OFC – T&D

MH (MANHOLE)

DIT BLOCKING

FIBRE MAIN LINES MAIN GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES THAT PLAYS

MAJOR ROLE IN JIO ARE:-

 288 MCD
 96 PWD
 48
 24
 12
 8
 6

26
CHAPTER - 9

OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE (O&M)

REA READY
PROJECT

HOTO (HANDOVER – TAKEOVER)

O&M TEAM TOWER

FIBRE

ISC (INTERNAL SMALL CELL)

ODSC

ONCE THE PROJECT TEAM HANOVER THE PROJECT TO O&M TEAM THEN O&M TEAM WILL BE
RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL THE PROBLEMS AND DEFAULTS RELATED TO TOWER, FIBRE, ISC AND ODSC.

BUT BEFORE HOTO PROJECT TEAM WILL BE LIABLE FOR ALL THE DEAFULTS RELATED TO TOWER, ISC,
FIBRE AND ODSC.

CUSTOMER 1
TOWER
MOBILE ------------ MOBILE --------------- CUSTOMER 2

CUSTOMER 3

THE TOWER IS BASICALLY SETUP TO PROVIDE NETWORK ON MOBILE PHONES TO SEVERAL

CUSTOMERS AND ALL THE REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE RELATEDX TO THE TOWER AND SERVICES
PROVIDED BY THE VENDOR WILL BE TAKEN CARE BY THE O&M TEAM AFTER THE HOTO FROM
PROJECT TEAM.

FIBRE BROADBAND ----------------- Internet

The main work of fibre is to provide net in the broadband in the boxes which is commonly known as
Jio Fibre.

ISC
27
 BUILDING NO TOWER RANGE

The ISC is an internal small cell which helps in providing the network range to the building. This is
done because tower provides network to a certain area and where these towers don’t able to
provide the network or range then ISC comes into use.

TOWER

RENT EB (ELECTRICITY BILL) FUEL

THE WORK OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT IS TO ENSURE

 TIMELY PAYMENT OF RENT

 ELECTRICITY BILL
 FUEL PAYMENT
 PAYMENT TO VENDORS WHO ARE MAINTAINING THE TOWERS.

RENT

NON GST GST BILL

IN SAP IT IS RECORDED AS FIRST RENT (FR).

DATA ENTRY WILL BE DONE BY JCFC&A.

 RENT AFREEMENT BETWEEN COMPANY AND LANDLORD

 TERMS AND CONDITIONS
 RENT AMOUNT
A  NAME
 LOCKIN PERIOD VALIDATION
 TENURE
BY
 GST
REGIONAL
ONCE IT IS RECORDED IN THE SAP IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO EDIT.
FOR EXAMPLE IF THE RENT IS 20000 AND BY MISTAKE IT IS AND
ENTERED AS 25000 THEN THE SAP WILL AUTOMATIACLLY PAY STATE
25000 TO THE VENDOR EVERY MONTH UNER THE NAME OF RENT
UNLESS AND UNTIL THE ERROR COMES INTO NOTICE BY ANYONE. HEAD

28
 GST INVOICE

GST FORMAT

PROCESS ---------

UPLOAD ON SAP

RENTAL PAYMENT

ELECTRICITY BILL (EB)

 METER (OWN METER THAT IS IN THE NAME OF THE RELIANCE)

 SUB METER (THAT IS IN THE NAME OF THE LAND LORD)

OWN METER – METER

JUTA
BILL GENERATED ON EB PORTAL

MONTHLY VALIDATION

VALIDATION BY FC&A

PAYMENT L1

NHQ PAYMENT PAYMENT SAP PAYMENT

29
CHAPTER - 10

POINTS TO REMEMBER

SMALL CELL IS SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT FROM NORMAL HOME WIFI IN TERMS OF POWER AND RANGE.

JDFPL – JIO DIGITAL FIBRE PRIVATE LIMITED

ANY WORK RELATED TO ROW IS DONE THROUGH JDFPL

BANK GUARANTEE – STANDARD TIME – 5 TO 7 DAYS

STANDARD AMOUNT – 1500000

25% IS PAID TO THE AUTHORITY

JIO STARTED TO USE BG INSTEAD OF DD BECAUSE AFTER THE COMPLETION OF THE WORK THE
AMOUNT GIVEN TO THE AUTHORITY WILL MOSTLY BE IN BAD DEBT AS IN SOME WAY OR THE OTHER
THEY DEDUCT THE WHOLE AMOUNT WHICH IS GIVEN AS SECURITY UNDER THE NAME OF SHORTAGE
OF FUNDS WITH THE CONCERNED AUTHORITY.

BY USING BG THAT IS BANK GUARANTEE THE COMPANY INLY NEED TO PAY 25% OF THE STANDARD
AMOUNT WHICH IS LESS RISKIER THAN DD THAT IS DEMAND DRAFT.

IIMS (INFOCOMM INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS)

HDD (HYDRAULIC DIRECTIONAL DRILLING)

HFCL – SERVER IN SAP BY THE NAME OF PAT

8 CLUSTER MAINTENANCE POINTS ARE

 NOIDA
 NORTH
 SOUTH
 CENTRAL EAST
 WEST
 GURGAON
 FARIDABAD
 GHAZIABAD

30
 STATE CONSTRUCTION HEAD (MR. RAVINDER MITTAL)

FIBRE LEAD (MR. TOWER LEAD (JITENDER FTTH LEAD (MR.

GAUTAM) GUPTA) BHARAT BHUSHAN)

8 MPCM 8 MPCM 8 MPCM

(MAINTENANCE POINT CLUSTER MANAGER)

CPH (CLUSTER POINT HEAD)/ JC LEAD CPH (CLUSTER POINT HEAD)/ JC LEAD CPH

PROCESS OF TOWER WORK

1. DRAWING
2. SURVEY
3. CIVIL WORK
4. ELECTRICAL AND ERECTION
5. EB (LIAONING AND MATERIAL)

DOCUMENT IN BILLING

 DRAWING
 WCC (WORK COMPLETION CERTIFICATE)
 ABSTRACT SHEET
 MEASUREMENT SHEET (SERVICES GIVEN)

ITP – INSPECTION TASK PLAN

FBL1N – TO CHECK THE VENDOR LEDGER

FB03 – CHECK THE VENDOR INVOICE DETAILS

YMSC – INVOICE BULK

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JMS – JOINT MEASUREMENT SHEET

ME23 – TO CHECK WORK ORDER DETAIL ( DETAIL INCLUDE GST DETAILS)

TDS – 194 C

1% - APPLIED ON PROPRIETORSHIP

2% - APPLIED ON OTHERS

10% - DEDUCTION FOR PROFESSIONALS UNDER 94-J

CHAPTER - 11

ROW DN ANALYSIS (FTTH)

STEP 1 - METHODOLOGY (UG, AERIAL)

The cost of UG (Underground) – 500/mtr.

The cost of Aerial - 100/mtr.

The cost of all this depends on FSA (FEEDER SERVICE AREA)

STEP 2 – Another step is create a mix. Mix consist of inclusion of both UG and AERIAL.

Scope UG AERIAL
FSA 1 5KM 70% 30%
FSA 2 10KM
FSA 3 20KM
FSA 4 8KM
FSA 5 25KM

With the help of making this table in the excel we use mix to know that what percentage can we
take of UG and what percentage can we take of Aerial.

So let us assume that there are 1000 FSAs of 10km. So the total area will be of 10,000km.

Now out of 10,000 km if we are doing 70% using UG and 30% using AERIAL.

Now in order to make it less expensive we have to do cost optimization. In order to do this it is
important to revise the percentages of the mix to make it cost effective and my work is to do that
only.

With the help of the finance department and my mentor using permutation and combination means
by taking different percentages of the mix in order to find out that how can we come to the
minimum cost but after finalizing the final percentages it needs to approved by the project
department and row team.

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So a data was provided by the mentor where I have to do in-depth analysis of this and work on cost
optimization. And this is just the example that I am quoting actual data and process of doing this is
lengthy and includes several parameters while doing this analysis.

11.1 ROW ANALYSIS 2

UG – DIFFERENT METHODOLOGY UNDER UG METHOD

OT MOLING HDD

(OPEN TRENCH) (HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING)

5L/KM 2.5L/KM 3.5L/KM

LIKE OVERALL SCOPE FOR FIBRE IS 70%/ OF UG AND 30% OF AERIAL.

NOW FROM 70% OF UG WE HAVE TO DECIDE ABOUT THE METHOD THAT NEED TO BE USED IN
DOING UF THAT IS OPEN TRENCH, MOILING AND HDD.

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CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Financial analysis of some important parameters from the annual reports of various
competitor banks helped to understand the reason behind why a particular competitoris
doing so well in the market than the others. Some of the important parameters couldbe cost
to income ratio, Net NPA ratio, advances, deposits, operating profit followedby net profit.

As working as a analyst it is important to help JIO with my ideas and analysis and provide a
method where my analysis will save some cost related to anything like cost of tower installation
which includes rent, electricity bill and fuel. And to find out that which type of tower cost
effective along with maximum range such as RTT( roof top tower), GBM(groundbased monopoly
tower)

In invoice processing where material controlling and reconciliation is the most crucial thing that
needed to be taken care off. So when i saw the data related to the material that is assigned to the
concerned vendor I presented the report with the help of different charts related to the amount of
material assigned and material used in different new locations of Delhi so that loopholes can be
findout and the areas where material consumption is highest.

I have also learned that how to do Indepth analysis of several variables with the help of short data
provided along with limited time to get it done which not only enhances time management but
alsoimproves our ability of thinking.

I have learned mostly industry specific knowledge:-

1. Business and Process overview in Telecom

2. Understanding of Organisation Chart of Finance
3. Understading of Key Performance Indicators
4. Hands on exercise in Project Billing , ROW DN processing
5. Preparation of Various MIS relating to Project/Business/O&M Finance
6. In depth technique for variance analysis and presentation

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. https://relianceretail.com/appInv/Uploads/RRL_Annual_Report_2021_22.pdf
2. https://www.trai.gov.in/
3. https://www.ibef.org/industry/telecommunications
4. https://www.skyquestt.com/report/integrated-telecommunication-services-
market
5. https://www.jio.com/
6. https://www.quora.com/How-many-Mbps-are-there-in-2G-3G-and-4G
7. http://dailystockreporter.com/what-is-the-telecommunications-sector/
8. http://www.telecomreviewna.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=art
icle&id=470:bay-of-

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