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Aqaasl3axw Level2

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73 views4 pages

Aqaasl3axw Level2

Uploaded by

pianolessonshcf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AQA AS Mathematics: Exponentials and logarithms

Section 3: Modelling curves


Exercise level 2 solutions
1. (a)
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

y 3 8 16 24 34 44 56

ln x 0 0.69 1.10 1.39 1.61 1.79 1.95

ln y 1.09 2.08 2.77 3.18 3.53 3.78 4.02

y = kx n  ln y = ln(kx n )
= ln k + ln x n
= ln k + n ln x
 ln y = n ln x + ln k
This is the equation of a straight line, with variables ln y and ln x.
Since the points form an approximate straight line, the model is appropriate.

AQA AS Maths: Exponentials and logarithms 3 © MEI 12/03/24


Exercise level 2 solutions page 1 of 4 integralmaths.org
(b)
ln y = n ln x + ln k is the equation of a straight line with gradient n and intercept ln k.

1.5
Gradient = = 1.5  n = 1.5
1
Intercept = 1.1 so ln k = 1.1  k = e1.1  3

(c) y = 3x1.5
When x = 10, y = 3  101.5  95

2. (a)
p 1.2 3.4 5.7 6.2 7.4 9.8

q 2.5 3.7 5.8 6.1 7.7 11.9

log10 q 0.40 0.57 0.76 0.79 0.89 1.08

AQA AS Maths: Exponentials and logarithms 3 © MEI 12/03/24


Exercise level 2 solutions page 2 of 4 integralmaths.org
q = ab p  log10 q = log10 (ab p )
= log10 a + log10 b p
= log10 a + p log10 b
 log10 q = p log10 b + log10 a
This is the equation of a straight line, with variables log10 q and p.
Since the points form an approximate straight line, the model is appropriate.

(b)
log10 q = p log10 b + log10 a is the equation of a straight line with gradient log10 b and intercept log10 a .

0.4
Gradient = = 0.08 , so log10 b = 0.08  b = 100.08  1.2
5
Intercept = 0.3 , so log10 a = 0.3  a = 100.3  2

(c) q = 2  1.2p
When p = 12, q = 2  1.212  17.8

3. (a)

The graph appears to be a power curve, so suggest a law of form y = kx a .

AQA AS Maths: Exponentials and logarithms 3 © MEI 12/03/24


Exercise level 2 solutions page 3 of 4 integralmaths.org
(b) y = kx a  log10 y = log10 (kx a )
= log10 k + log10 x a
= log10 k + a log10 x
 log y = a log x + log k

So you need to plot a graph of log10 y against log10 x . You could use ln rather than log10 which would give
a different graph but the same values for k and a.

log10 x −0.69897 −0.39794 −0.22185 −0.09691 0

log10 y −1.1549 −0.48149 −0.11351 0.155336 0.352183

1.2
Gradient =  a  2.22
0.54
Intercept = 0.36  log10 k  0.36
k  2.29
So, the law is approximately y = 2.29 x 2.22

AQA AS Maths: Exponentials and logarithms 3 © MEI 12/03/24


Exercise level 2 solutions page 4 of 4 integralmaths.org

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