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Avogadros Number Mole Day Resource

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23 views2 pages

Avogadros Number Mole Day Resource

Uploaded by

v.p18053457
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Avogadro’s Number

A VICTORIA SCIENCE TEACHING RESOURCE

WHAT IS IT? ? WHY IS THAT A


6.022 x 1023 or 602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000
PROBLEM?
Using Moles and Avogadro’s Number
?
WHAT DOES IT
?
Take this reaction as an example:
MEAN? NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O.
Avogadro’s Number is the number of atoms, Because this looks like an even reaction on either side,
molecules, or other objects that makes up one mole of it would be easy to assume that you can add equal
a substance. For example: weights of NaOH and HCl together and have them
all used up in the reaction. But the elements that
6.022 x 1023 hydrogen atoms represent one mole of make those molecules up have different densities, or
hydrogen. as scientists say their ‘atomic mass’ is different. For
6.022 x 1023 water molecules represent one mole of example, you can’t add one cup of sodium hydroxide
water. and one of hydrochloric acid to get a complete
reaction. This is because if you measure out the same
6.022 x 1023 elephants represent one mole of elephants. volume of these chemicals you’ll have more molecules
of the dense one and there won’t be an exact number

WHAT’S A MOLE? ? to react and your end result will not be what you
expect.

The mole is the unit of measurement for the amount That’s where Avogadro’s number comes in. It is a really
of a substance as set out by the International System useful way to standardise the way we predict and carry
of Units. Other SUI units of measurement include out chemical reactions, in the same way that working
kilograms, metres, and seconds. It’s a very handy way in teaspoons, grams or millilitres allows us to mix a
for chemists to work with huge numbers of atoms or perfect sponge cake. Once chemists have worked out
molecules. how much a mole of a chemical weighs they can always
ensure that they have approximately the right number
of molecules to make a reaction work fully.
AVOGADRO’S NUMBER
Avogadro didn’t discover the number himself— it was
named after him in recognition of his contributions to
chemistry. Avogadro’s number helps chemists to get
around the problem that every element has a slightly
different mass, or density.
Making Mountains out of Moles
So how do we find out how much What’s extraordinary about Avogadro’s Number is that
a mole of a substance weighs? 6.022 x 1023 atoms of any element will always be equal
to their atomic mass in grams. This means one mole of
If you look at an element on the hydrogen is 1.0078 grams. By using the atomic mass of
periodic table, you’ll see two the different elements, we can figure out how much a
numbers. The number at the mole of any molecule weighs.
bottom is its atomic mass.
For example: H2O has two hydrogens and one oxygen.
The atomic mass of an element is used to calculate its The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.0078 and the atomic
mass relative to other elements. So helium, with an mass of oxygen is 15.999, so the mass of a mole of
atomic mass of 4.0026 is nearly four times as massive water is 2 x 1.0078 + 15.999. Therefore, a mole of water,
as hydrogen. or 6.022 x 1023 molecules, weighs 18.0146 grams.

QUESTIONS
How many moles of hydrogen are there in one mole of H2O?
How many atoms of hydrogen are there?
Using the periodic table, work out the mass of Sodium
Hydroxide and Hydrochloric Acid you’ll need to perfectly
recreate the following equation.
NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O.
How many moles of carbon are in the Great Star of Africa, the
largest clear cut diamond in the world?
How large would a mole of moles be?

FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS
Find out how they figured out Avogadro’s Number.
Why was Avogadro so important to our understanding of
chemistry?

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