May 13

KOLFE
INDUSTRIAL
COLLEGE
INFORMATION
COMMUNICATION
2024
ETHIOPIA ADDIS ABEBA
TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT
Maintenance Equipment And Networking

There are many more components that contribute to the overall

functionality of a computer system as well as its performance and
capabilities.

Prepared by :Yabsera Nigus

SUBMITED TO : HASSEN

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 100 INTERNAL COMPONENTS OF A
COMPUTER ALONG WITH FUNCTION
WITH IMAGES

1. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - Processes data and instructions

2. GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) - Processes graphics and images

3. RAM (Random Access Memory) - Stores data and instructions temporarily

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4. Hard D rive - Stores data permanently

5. - Connects all components and allows communication between them

6. - Provides power to the computer

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7. Cooling Fan - Keeps components from overheating

8. - Absorbs and dissipates heat from components

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9. Optical Drive - Reads and writes data on optical discs

10. Sound Card - Processes audio signals

11. - Connects the computer to a network

12. USB Ports - Allows connection of external devices

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13. HDMI Port - Outputs audio and video signals to external displays

14. Ethernet Port - Connects to a wired network

15. Wi-Fi Card - Connects to a wireless network

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16. BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) - Controls the boot process and
hardware initiali zation

17. CMOS Battery - Powers the BIOS settings memory

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18. Expansion Slots - Allow for additional components to be added

19. SATA Ports - Connects hard drives and optical drives

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20. Power Button - Turns the computer on and off

21. Reset Button - Restarts the computer

22. Front Panel Headers - Connects the front panel buttons and indicators to
the motherboard
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23. Northbridge Chipset - Handles communication between the CPU, RAM, and
GPU

24. Southbridge Chipset - Handles communication between peripheral devices

and the CPU

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25. Clock Generator - Provides timing signals for the CPU and other
components

26. USB Controller - Manages USB devices connected to the computer

27. Audio Codec - Converts analog audio signals to digital and vice versa

28. Ethernet Controller - Manages network connections

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29. Thunderbolt Controller - Manages high-speed data connections

30. Display Controller - Controls the display output

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31. Keyboard Controller - Manages input from the keyboard

32. Mouse Controller - Manages input from the mouse

33. Touchpad Controller - Manages input from the touchpad

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34. Microphone Controller - Manages input from the microphone

35. Webcam Controller - Manages input from the webcam

36. Power Management Unit - Controls power consumption and distribution

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37. Battery Charger Circuit - Charges the laptop battery when plugged in

38. Inverter Circuit - Converts DC power to AC power for the display backlight

39. Voltage Regulator Module - Regulates voltage levels for different

components

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40. Audio Amplifier - Amplifies audio signals for speakers or headphones

41. Display Backlight Driver - Controls the brightness of the display backlight

42. SD Card Reader - Reads data from SD cards

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43. Bluetooth Module - Enables Bluetooth connectivity

44. NFC Module - Enables Near Field Communication for wireless data
transfer

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45. Fingerprint Reader - Authenticates users based on fingerprint scans

46. TPM (Trusted Platform Module) - Provides hardware-based security

features

47. Smart Card Reader - Reads data from smart cards for authentication
purposes

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48. IR Receiver - Receives signals from an infrared remote control

49. IR Blaster - Sends signals to control other devices via infrared

communication

50. Accelerometer Sensor - Detects motion and orientation changes

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51. Gyroscope Sensor - Measures orientation and rotation of the device

52. Magnetometer Sensor - Measures magnetic fields for compass

functionality

53. Ambient Light Sensor - Adjusts display brightness based on ambient light
levels

54. Proximity Sensor - Detects when an object is near the device

55. Temperature Sensor - Monitors temperature levels inside the computer

56. Humidity Sensor - Measures humidity levels in the environment

57. Pressure Sensor - Measures atmospheric pressure for weather forecasting

58. GPS Receiver - Receives signals from GPS satellites for location tracking

59. Antenna Module - Transmits and receives wireless signals for

communication

60. RF Front-End Module - Amplifies and filters radio frequency signals for
wireless communication

61. Audio Jacks - Connect headphones, microphones, and other audio devices

62. Power

Jack - Connects the power adapter to charge the battery

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63. DisplayPort Connector - Outputs high-resolution video and audio signals
to external displays

64. VGA Connector - Outputs analog video signals to external displays

65. DVI Connector - Outputs digital video signals to external displays

66. PS/2 Ports - Connects keyboards and mice using PS/2 connectors

67. Parallel Port - Connects printers and other parallel devices for data
transfer

68. Serial Port - Connects serial devices for data transfer

69. Firewire Port - Connects high-speed devices for data transfer

70. Thunderbolt Port - Connects high-speed devices for data transfer and
charging

71. eSATA Port - Connects external storage devices for data transfer

72. RJ45 Connector - Connects Ethernet cables for wired network connection

73. RJ11 Connector - Connects telephone lines for dial-up internet connection

74. Fiber Optic Connector - Connects fiber optic cables for high-speed data
transfer

75. S/PDIF Connector - Transmits digital audio signals to external devices like
speakers or receivers

76. DisplayPort Adapter – Converts DisplayPort signals to HDMI, DVI, or VGA

formats.

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77. USB Hub – Expands the number of USB ports available on a computer.

78. Ethernet Switch – Expands the number of Ethernet ports available on a

network.

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79. KVM Switch – Allows sharing a single keyboard, monitor, and mouse
between multiple computers.

80. UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) – Provides backup power in case of

power outages.

81. Surge Protector – Protects computer equipment from power surges and
spikes.

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82. Cable Management System – Organizes cables to reduce clutter and
improve airflow.

83. Case Fan – Improves airflow within the computer case to keep
components cool.

84. Liquid Cooling System – Uses liquid coolant to dissipate heat more
efficiently than air cooling.

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85. Thermal Paste – Improves thermal conductivity between the CPU and heat
sink.

86. Dust Filter – Prevents dust from entering the computer case and clogging
up components.

87. Cable Ties – Organizes cables inside the computer case for better airflow.

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88. Cable Extensions – Extends the length of cables to reach components in
larger cases.

89. Cable Sleeving – Covers cables with protective material for a cleaner look.

90. Case Feet – Elevates the computer case for better airflow and cooling.

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91. RGB Lighting Kit – Adds customizable lighting effects to the computer case.

92. Fan Controller – Adjusts fan speeds to control noise levels and cooling
performance.

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93. Liquid Cooling Pump – Circulates liquid coolant through the system for
cooling.

94. Reservoir – Stores liquid coolant in a liquid cooling system.

95. Radiator – Dissipates heat from liquid coolant in a liquid cooling system.

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96. Water Block – Absorbs heat from components in a liquid cooling system.

97. Compression Fittings – Securely connect tubing in a liquid cooling system.

98. Ball Bearing – Reduces friction between moving parts in fans or hard
drives.

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99. Capacitor – Stores electrical energy and smoothens voltage fluctuations.

100. Inductor – Stores energy in a magnetic field and filters electrical noise.

These are of internal components found in a computer system along with their
functions, there are many more components that contribute to the overall
functionality of a computer system as well as its performance and capabilities.

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