isxy, NdIdj yd

idysHh

Tfí m%foaYfha iriú odhdoh………

wkQId È,arelaIs
B.A(Sp)HOn's / M.A.(u.g)
fmardfoKsh úYaj úoHd,h
úuiSï 076-9105334

Page 1
iajr ^mKl=re& ^folla Ndú; fkdfõ& jHxck wCIr ^.d;%dCIr - .;l=re&

wCIr j¾. lsÍu

01& lKaGc ^W.=frka&
w wd l L . > X y `. ^w&( ^w&x

02& ;d¨c ^;,af,ka&

b B p P c CO [ h Y `c

03& uQ¾Oc ^uqÿfkka&

R RD g G v V K r I < `v

04& oka;c ^o;aj,ska&

; : o O k , i `o

05& ´IaGc ^f;d,aj,ska&

W W! m M n N u U

06& wka;∙ia:dCIr h r , j

07& W!IaudCIr Y I I y *

08& kdislHdCIr X [ k K u

09& i[a[l fyj;a w¾O kdislHdCIr

`. `c `v `o U

10& w,amm%dK wCIr

l . p c g v ; o m n

Page 2
11& uym%dK wCIr
L > P CO G V : O M N

12& f>daI
. c v o n > CO V O N h r , j K
k u y ^w&x

13& wf>daIdCIr
l p g ; m L P G : M Y I i *
^w&x

14& lKaG;d¨c M ta ft

15& lKafGdaIaGdc T ´ T!

kuH w W T ^wmr iajr&

wkuH we W T ^mQ¾j iajr&

wkqiajdrh ^w&x

úi¾.h ^w&∙

16& okaf;daIaGc j *

1 l%uh 2 l%uh 3 l%uh

lu,d fldai, wdkkao
wkqr ls;añ wukaod
;udId ldka;s wekd
rks,a lu,a wkka;
oiqka l=udr weoh

Page 3
 iajrh ms,a,u y`ÿkajk ku
w - w y,a ms,a, bj;a fjhs
wd d we,ms,a,
we e flá weoms,a,
wE E §¾> weoms,a,
b s biams,a,
B S §¾> biams,a,
W e q flá mdms,a,
W! E Q §¾> mdms,a,
R D .egh iys; we,ms,a,
RD DD .egh iys; we,ms,s fol
t f fldïnqj
ta a s y,ams,a,
ft ff fldïnq fol
T fd fldïnqj yd we,sms,a,
´ fda fldïnqj yd y,awe,ms,a,
T! f! fldïnqj yd .hkqls;a;
kH H hxYh
u— — f¾Mh^¾ fjkqjg&±kg Ndú; fkdfõ
;% % rldrdxYh
wx x ìxÿj ^wkqiajdrh&
w∙ ∙ ìxÿ fol ^úi¾.h&

mQ¾j l%shd wjidk l%shdjg fmr isÿ lrk l%shd ^Tyq .S .hd ld , î , ye`o ,nei n,d ,.hd ,
kegqfõh.& kgd
ñY% l%shd wjidk l%shdj;a iu. lrk l%shd ^Tyq .h .hd lld , ìî , fndñka ,ye`o ye`o
kegqfõh.&l%shd moh oaú;aj lrhs ^n, n,d& nei nei , n, n,d , .h .hd ,
kg kgd
m%fhdacH l%shd fjk;a whl= ,jd lrjk l%shd^Tyq <ufl= ,jd lrjhs , n,jhs , nkaojhs ,.hjhs
.S .hjhs.&
úê l%shd fj;a whl=g lrk úOdkhla kshuhla b,a,Sula lkak , fndkak , n,kak , ÿjmka ,
y`.jk l%shd ^orej fufy tkak.& hj , tj , n,j
wdYs¾jdo l%shd lsihs ï m%d¾:kdjla ye`.fjk l%shd ^Tng iqN iemfõjd ! iqjm;a fõjd ! ,ndjd :
w¨;a wjqreoaola fõjd!& chfõjd !
(i)wiïNdjH l%shd hï lsis l%shdjla iSÿùula isÿjk wjia:dfõ § hoa§ , kgoa§ , fndoa§ , ÿjoa§ ,
ld,d¾:fha isÿ flfrk fyda isÿjk fjk;a l%shd ^ld,h jisoa§ , mdhoa§ , w`voa§
wiïNjH l%shd ms<sn`o ye`.fjk l%shd&^ysre nei hoa§ w`ÿr
me;sfrhs&
(ii)wkshud¾:fha hï l%shdjla isÿ ùug n,mdk wfkla l%shd jeiafid;a , wdfjd;a , îfjd;a
wiïNdjH l%shd ^wkshud¾:h ye`.fjk l%shd&^ jeis jeiafid;a ,ne¨fjd;a , msrefKd;a
.`. .,hs.&

Page 4
 ñY% l%shd
 tu ñY% l%shd mofha uq,a moh ^.h .hd & l%shd Od;=j jYfhka fjkia fkdù mj;S.
 tjeks ñY% l%shd mo /ila isxy, NdIdfõ we;
 n, n,d , kg kgd , w`v wvd , ÿj ÿjd , wy wyd , lsh lshd
 "ñka " m%;H tla lsÍfuka o ñY% l%Shd idod .efka
 kgñka , .hñka , ÿjñka , y`vñka , mksñka , n,ñka , lshñka
 f.dúhd w`vyer mdñka iS iEfõh.

m%fhdacH l%shd
 fjk;a wfhl= ,jd lrjk l%shd m%fhdacH l%shd kï fõ.
 fuys § m%fhdacH l%shdj iEfok m%;H jkafka ^j& hkakhs.
 tfyhska ^j& hkakg fmr Od;= m%lD;sh meyeÈ,sj u olakg ,efnhs.
 m%fhdacH l%shd fhfok jdlHj, fndfyda úg ^,jd& hkak o fhfohs.
 tfyhska m%fhdacH l%shd myiqfjka u y`ÿkd .; yel.
 .=rejrhd isik q a ,jd msßisÿ lr jhs.

lr Od;=j
wdYs¾jdo l%shd
 lsih
s ï m%d¾:kdjla ye`.fjk l%shd wdYs¾jdo l%shd hkqfjka ye`Èkafõ . Tn yeug chfõjd!

wiïNdjH l%shd
 ksh;hla fia fkdie,lsh yels w¾:hla m%ldY flfrk l%sh mo wiïNjH l%shd kñka ye`Èkafõ. fï
wiïNjH l%shd
(i) ld,d¾:fha wiïNjH l%shd ^ld,hla y`.jk l%shd&
(ii) wkshud¾:fha wiïNjH l%shd ^ksYaÑ;hla ke;s l%shd& hkqfjka j¾. follg fnfoa

ish¨u kdu mo W;a;u mqreI , uOHu mqreI yd m%:u mqreI jYfhka mqreI ;=kls.
tal jpk nyq jpk
Wla; wkqla; Wla; wkqla;
W;a;u mqreI
ud wms wm
uu
uOHu mqreI
f;da , ;S , kqU , Tn , f;dms , f;ms , kqU,d , f;dm , kqU,d , Tn ,
;d , kqU , Tn , hqIau;d
hqIau;d Tn , hqIau;ayq hqIau;=ka

m%:u mqreI
fya , fyf;u , ´ , wE , Tjqyq , Tyq;=uQ , Tjqka , Wka , uqka ,
Tyq , weh , ñksil= ,
uQ , W! , Tyq , ´f;dfuda Tjqyq;=uq , W!;=uq , <uhs ñksikq a , orejka ,
orefjl= , <ufhl= ,
,ñksid ,orefjla , ñksii a q , orefjda , <uhska , we;eful= ,
.eyekshl , ks<shl
,<ufhla , .eyekshla we;efula .eyekqka
f;u ,f;fï

Page 5
 fuka , fia , jeks , jdf.a , n`ÿ hk Wmud ksmd; fhdod hï jia;=jla ;j;a jia;=jlg iudk lsÍfï § tfia iudk
lrk jia;=j Wmudj fõ. fmr lS jia;=j Wmfï hhs . úúO WÑ; Wmud fh§fuka mdGlhd is; ;=< w,xldr Ñ;a; rEm u;=
fjhs . bka rij;a ye`.Sï cks; lrjkq we; .

WodyrK :
1. <orejdf.a uqyqK frdai u,la fuks.
2. wïudf.a yoj; fj`vre msvla fia WKq úh.
3. iqÿ kx.s yd megjl= fuka wysxilh.
4. wnrka kßhl= n`o lmá ñksfils.
5. ks<shf.a o;a uq;= jeks h.

rEml
by; lS Wmud ksmd; fhda. ke;sj Wmudj Wmfïhg jvd biau;=fldg ±laùu rEml u.ska flf¾.

WodyrK :
 m`ärejk wudnia u,ayskdj
 wudm, i`oj; uqjlu,
 ;sir;k uq;=oika Wl=iqweia
 .,ays; mdmshqï f.dkañksid

jdpHd¾:h u; wdfrdamKh wuq;= w¾:hka olajk rEÎ mo fyj;a b`.s jels fhdod .eksfuka rij;a jQ is;a
ldjÈk f,i bÈßm;a l< yels fõ. fï tn`ÿ fhÿï lsysmhls.

 foys lemqjd - neK jeÿKd

 wl=,a fy,kjd - ndOd lrkjd
 wr w`Èkjd - hula lsßug mQ¾j iQodku
 wkaÿka l=kaÿka fj,d - l< hq;af;a l=ula ±hs ksYaÑ; ;SrKhla .; fkdyels j
 wefya lgq wkskjd - wlue;s flfkla fyda msßila iu`. lghq;= lsÍug isÿ ùu
 we`.,s .ykjd - ;ukag wjYH ke;s fohlg ueÈy;a ùu fidhd ne,Su
 lr, meys,d - jdishla isÿ ùu / ireidr nj;a we;s ùu wd¾Ólh fyd`o ùu
 idhu .shd - ,eÊccdjg m;a ùu
 bì .uk / f.d`:fn,s .uk - b;d ukao.dó
 fyKyqrd ,n,d - b;d krl ld,hla Wodfj,d
 lgq w;a;la - ks;r ks;r iKavq onrj,g megf,k
 .sKs fndaïnhla - fndre ¥Iudk wdrxÑ tlsfkl w;r m;=rejñka Tjqka w;r wdrjq,a fNao
Nskak we;s lrkakd
 wd.sh w;la kE - w;=reoyka fj,d^lsisÿ f;dr;=rla fkdo; yels fia&
 Wrpl%ud,h - fífrkag neß lrorhl meg,Su
 T`:j bÈñ,d - fndre wyxldrlula ys;g wrf.k l%shd lsÍu
 bfya u,la msms,d - n,j;a i;=glg m;a fj,d
 flkao lkao lrkjd - b;d iq`: isoaêhla úYd, lr yqjd ±laùu
 uqrex.d w;af;a ;shkjd - flfkl=f.a ke;s .=K fyda ;;a;ajhla .ek uy;a fia j¾Kkd lr
l;d lsÍu
 tl mhska - iïmQ¾K leue;af;ka

Page 6
 l, - ld,h l< - lsÍu ok - ckhd oK - oKysi
myk - o,ajk myk myK - i`olvmyK me, - fmd,a w;= me, me< - me<Eá
urk - l%shd w¾:h urK - kdu w¾:h j, - le,h j< - wdjdgh
w¨ - wdf,dalh w`: - <sfma w`: wi, - <`. wi< - weiqre lrk ,o
we, - we,ùu we< - Èhmdr Wrk - Wrdfndk WrK - wukdmh
Wkq - wvq WKq - WKqiu q lrk - lsÍu lrK - lrK fldg
lk - YÍrfha lk lK - weila lK l¨ - is;a l¨ l`: - l`:mdg
lek - iuqyh leK - yEÍu ls,s - ls,a, ls<s - l=áh
lsrk - lsÍu lsrK - rYañh l=¨Kq - lreKdj l=¨kq - lKq
l=, - l=,h l=< - .sßl=< l=¨ - fmd,k l=¨ l=`: - .sßl=`:
.k - .klu .K - iuQyh .yk - fndfyda .yK - .%yKh
.ek - i`oyd .eK - .Kka lr ;k - mshhqre ;K - ;kfld<
o, - m;% o< - o;a , r`: ork - ork ;k;=r orK - ork .id
k, - iq<`. k< - k<h , k<dj kqjk - wei kqjK - [dKh
m;, - wdlrh m;< - m%isoaO ì,s - ì,a, ì<s- ì<Sndk
u, - mqIamh , u,lv u< - urKh m;a jQ uyk - ueySu uyk - Y%uK
ud¨ - merKs ud`: - uiqka uq, - me,Eáhl uq, uq< - fidruq<
rk - r;arka rK - hqoaO /, - /,a, r< / /< - iuQyh
,h - ;d,h <h - yoj; ,jk - f;d,a ,jK - ¨Kq
jrk - j<lajk jrK - W;=ï we;d je, - fõje, , ,;d je< - l+ô je< ,iuQyh
ú,s - ú,a, ú<s - ,eÊcdj fjk - fjk;a fjK - ùKdj
ijk - i¾j`{ , ijeks ijK - j¾K Nh irk - ixpdrh lrk irK - msysg
ie, - Yd,dj ie< - ye<sh fijk - fiajh lrk fijK - fijKe,a,
iq¨ - iajNdjh iq`: - iq`: m%udKhla iQÍ - mrKú;dk iQÍka Y+Í - Y+r;djh
fyk - jefgk fyK - wl=Kq

jpk lsysmhla m%ldY lefrk w¾; §u i`oyd ;ks jpk fh§u NdId jHjydrfha mj;S.
WodyrK :
weia folu fkdfmfkk ;eke;a;d - wkaOhd
wyi fmf<dj tlg .EjqKd fia fmfkk ia:dkh - CIs;sch
wkqkaf.ka fmdaIkh jk - mrmqgq
wyajhka msg .uka lrkakd - wirejd
wkqkaf.a yhm;g lghq;= lrkakd -mrd¾:ldó
wldYfha yeisfrk - wdldYpdÍ
wdydr ys`. ld,h - id.;h
weig isis, fok wefia .dk wdf,amh - ri`ÿk
Wmiïmod fkdjQ NsCIqj - idufKar
Wig uy;g ukdj jevqKq - lvjiï / wdfrdaymßKdy
tl weila fkdfmfkk ;eke;a;d - lKd
t<sfkdjk ryi - wìryi
Trej mÈkakd -f;dáhd
lSm fofkl= tljr tlu ujq l=iska Wmka - ksUq,a¨ / ksjk
q a
hqoaOhg leu;s - rKldó
lsius flfkl=f.a msysgla ke;s -wirK
lka fkdwefik ;eke;a;d - ìysrd
leã ì`§f.dia b;sß jQ fldgia - kgnqka
lsius wdvïnr lula ke;s - ksryxldr

Page 7
 lsisfjl=g iu l< fkdyels - wiuiu
.jhka n,k ;eke;a;d - f.dm,a,d
iqrdfjys f,d,a - iqrdfid`v
.,ska lrk ,o - ffY,uh
.il ueo ;sfnk ;o fldgi -wrgqj
uyfndai;dKka .sysf.hska msg;a ù hdu - uyìkslauk
f.dhia lmd .;a miq l=Uqf¾ b;srjk fldgi - bmke,a,
pkaøhdf.a n,mEu wkqj uqyqfoa c,h jeã ùu - jvÈh
pkaøhdf.a n,mEu wkqj uqyqfoa c,h wvq ùu - ndÈh

tlu f;areu fok fjk;a mo iudk mo fyj;a m¾hdh mo kï fõ

WodyrK :
1. ksji - .Dyh , ksji , ukaÈrh , ksjdih , úuk , ksjyk , f.or , ueÿr , f.h
2. wïud - uj , uEKs , ud;d , Èks;s , ud;D , ckks
3. ;d;a;d - mshd , ms;a , ms;D , wmamd , wmamÉÑ
4. pkaøhd - y`o , ksihqre , W<s`ÿ , isis , isir s lr , ;rem;s , fidñ , ksYdlr , ysulr , ;ß`ÿ , bkaÿ
5. ia;%sh - kdß , <`o , È.ei , ñhq,eish , .eyeksh , ,,kdj , jks;dj , uys,dj , ldka;dj , b;sßh, l;
6. uqyqK - uqyqk , uqj , jla;%h , jqjk , j;
7. iq¾hhd - br , Èksir q e , Èks`ÿ , Èjhqre , Èjdlr , ßú , ysre , Èklr , Èkm;s , wUrñKs
8. r;arka - rka , lkl , iaj¾K , lkd , liqka , ldxpk
9. WÑ; - ksis , iqÿiq , fhda.H , .e<fmk , T!Ñ;H
10. fk`:ï - moau , mshqï , wrúkao , fk`:Uq , ishm;a , lu, , iyiam;a , mxlc , ;Uqre , mf`vr
11. frÈ - ms<s , j;a , jia;%
12. fid`ÿre - ufkda{ , l,K , ukl,a , hym;a , <l,a , iqko a r
13. úy`. - l=re¨ , oo , isfhd;a , il,hka
14. ñ;=rd - ñ;%hd , ils , iqyo , iyDo , in`o , ñ;= , i.hd , hy`:
15. wyi - wdldYh , wUr , kqn , .k;,h , .=jk
16. ìhlre - Nhdkl , Nhxlr , NsIK , NSu
17. rc - ksß`ÿ , ro , krks`ÿ , ñysm,a , krfoú , m%fmaYajr , N+m;s , N+md,
18. iq<`. - jd;h , udre;h , k, , mjk , wks,
19. c,h - Èh , meka , j;=r , wol , wU
20. i;=g - fidïki , ;=gq , m%idoh , ikaf;daIh , m%S;sh , m%fudaoh , f;di , wdiajdoh , ika;DIaáh
21. fmdf<dj -mDÓúh , fork , ñysl; , mGú , OrKS;,h
22. flia - uqyq< , bifla , fldfyl,u , fldKavh , lshuq , jr,
23. uqyqo - iuqÿr , ihqr , id.rh , iuqø , is`ÿ , o,ks`ÿ , rejkdr
24. .i - jDCIh , rel , ;=r
25. fudf<dla - uDÿ , isk`s ÿ
26. weia - fka;% , kqjka , khk , fk;a
27. fmd; - mqia;lh , .; , .%k: a h
28. fYdalh - lk.dgqj , ÿl , lkiai,a, , fodïki
29. le<Ej - jkdka;rh , jkh , wrK , j,
30. .,a - mdIdK , myK , ffY,uh
31. T`:j - YS¾Ih , ysi , isri
32. mdr - u`. , udj; , ùÈh , ud¾.h
Page 8
 wdydr - ksrdydr wdjrK - ksrdjrK
wdl¾IKh - úl¾IKh wdl+, / jHdl+, - ksrdl+,
wd;aud¾:ldó - mrd¾:ldó wdhdih - ksrdhdih^wkdhdih&
wd¾h - wkd¾h WodiSk - läir
Wvql=re - hál=re Wol - ksreol
WÑ; - wkqÑ; W;aiyh - ksre;aidyh
Wkak;sh - wjk;sh Wmldr - wkqmldr
W;a;, - wj;, Wmßu - wju
W!k - wkQk W;a;r - ksre;a;r
W;aikak - m%ySK Wmø - ksremø
Wia - kqia ^ñá& W;a;u - wOu
b`oysg - ks;r lÀkc,h - uDÿc,h
lrÈh - ñßÈh ld, - wld,s
l=,k
S - l=,ySk lD;{ - wlD;{
lD;%su - iajNdúl flaj, - yjq,a
LKav - wLKav fÉ;k - wfÉ;k
;djld,sl - iaÓr ÿla - ksÿla / iem
±yeñ - fkd±yeñ fodïki - fidïki
;sria -isria ;shqKq - fudÜg
±uqKq -fkd±uqKq ÿisß;a - iqißs ;a
ks;H - wks;H ksYap, - pxp,
ksYaÑ; -wúksYaÑ; foaYfm%añ - foaYfødayS
§k - w§k kdñl - ks¾kdñls
m;H - wm;H m%dÖk - m%;sÖk
mdmsIaG - O¾ñIaG m%;s.dó - m%.;sYS,S
m%idrKh -ixfldapkh ñksia - fkdñksia

1. lels,fa ,a rÊcqrejkaf.a kvq ;Skaÿj jf.hs.

2. lïue<shdg Èjeia ;sfí.
3. ld,h rka yd iudkh.
4. l=Uqf¾ f.dhï uqjka lEjd u f.or uqjyug ;<kjd jf.hs.
5. fldá j,s.h w,a,f .;a;d jf.hs.
6. fldfydU .yg lrú, je, .shd jf.hs.
7. ., fyd`o kï wUrk ly ula fõo?
8. .fia lgq W,a l< ukdo?
9. .ïfmd,hhs rhs.uhhs jf.hs.
10. .fyka jegqKq ñksyg f.dkd wekakd jf.hs.
11. .y okakd why g fld< lvd mdkjd jf.hs
12. .iska .ig hk l=re,a,d f;ó kiS. .
13. ;uka ysig ;u w;uh fijKe,a, .
14. ;Ügq lrkakdg fodr wef¾.
15. f;dá,a, mojk w; f,dj wdKavq flf¾.
16. È,sfik ish,a,a rka fkdfõ.
17. ÿjk uqjka ±l fkdouõ fk`:E m,d.
18. fofõf,a olsk l=l=<df.a lru,;a iqÿ mdg¨.
19. ke.=Kdg miafia bKsu`.g mhska .eyqjd jf.hs.

Page 9
 20. fkd;<d yok orefjd;a ye`È fkd.d Whk fydoao;a tl¨.
21. m, we;s relg¨ .,a .ykafka / jjqf,da tkafka.
22. mh nrjdhg msálr fnfy;a nekaod jf.hs.
23. mrx.shd fldaÜfÜ .shd jf.hs.
24. mKaä;hdg taoKafvka hkakneߨ.
25. msÿref.dfâ bkak n,a,d jf.hs.
26. mqyq,a fydrd lfrka ±fka.
27. fmrf<k .f,a mdis fkdne`foa.
28. msÿre;,d., ú<s,d ó megjl= jeÿjd jf.hs.
29. n<,d ueáfhka jqK;a óhka w,a,kjd kï lula keye.
30. n;amf;a je,s jegqKd jf.hs.
31. n<¨ka ,jd fldia weg ndjkjd jf.hs.
32. îß w,shdg ùKd .dhkd lrkjd jf.hs.
33. nqrk n,a,d imd fkdlhs.
34. óhla lvkafka w; f,jlkako?
35. ñá ;eksk¨ a j;=r nyskafka ish¨ l=Kq fírej, fndlalg¨.
36. uy±kuq;a;df.a kqjK jf.hs.
37. hqof
a og ke;s lvqj fldia fldgkako?
38. hk hld fldry;a ì`of.k hkj¨.
39. hldg nh kï fidfydfka f.j,a yodúo.
40. rka Ndckh fkdúÈo úÈkd .=,, a d.
41. ,sykak ;sfnk u,a, Tnd n,kjd jf.hs.
42. Æ,d ke;s j<g lKhd mKaä;hd.
43. jeg;a kshr;a f.dhï ld kï ldg mjiuq ta wudrej.
44. jlalfâ yl=re yex.=jd jf.hs.
45. je, hk me;a;g ueiai .ykak ´k¨.
46. jef,a yg.kakd f.äh je,g nr ke;s¨.
47. isxy yu fmdrjd.;a fldg`:jd jf.hs.
48. isxy f;,a oukak rka n`ÿkla ´k¨.
49. i`ÿka rel lmk fmdfrdj;a iqj`o¨.
50. iduldó nj jeä jqKd u jeoaod khdf.ka o or ñá n`Èkj¨.
51. is; we;akï m; l=vdo?
52. fidfydhqßhf.a orejka w`vkfldg ududf.a we`.s,,a g;a lsß tfrkjd¨.
53. yefok .y fome;af;ka ±fka.

lsishï flfkla , ia:dkhla , fohla ye`Èkaùu i`oyd fmdÿfõ kdu mo fjkqjg fhdok wkH kdu mo i¾j kdu kï
fõ. bka iuyrla fufia h.

uu , ud , ug , wms , wm , wmg , wfmka , ;d , f;da , ;S , ;g , kqU , Tn , ;uqfia , Tyq ,

fudyq , fudyqg , fya , W! , uQ , uqka , weh , wE , wehg , uehg , ta , kqU,d , f;dms , f;ms ,
f;dmg , Tjqyq , Tjqka , Tjqkag , Wka , fï , fuh , fuhska , ñka , fuhg , fuys , ta , th ,
thska , bka , thg , tajdg , tys , ±kg , ;d , f;da , kqU , ;S , f;dms , f;ms , kqU,d

Page 10
iso;a i`.rdfõ we;s Wmi¾. mo 20
m - mn, , mjr wos - wosro , woshr
mr - mrisÿ ,mrjev iq - iqksu, , iq,,s;
wj - wju`.=, , wjkïnq W - Wÿ< , Wu`. , W.;a
i - ip, , i,l=Kq wì - wire , wìryia
ÿ - ÿn, , ÿok ú - úhjq,a , ú;¾l
w - wlaIr , wl=i, mia - mila , mieia
mss - ms§u , msúi msß - msßisÿ , msßueiau
ks - ks.re , kso¾Yk wm - wmlS¾;sh , wmøjH
ms<s - ms<.
s ekSu , ms<i
s rK
Wj, Wm - Wml%u , Wmú{dKh , Wjir
w;s - w;sks¾u, , w;HjYHh
wkq - wkqlïmdj , wkqkdhl

ixialD; nfiys we;=<;a Wmi¾.

Wmi¾. WodyrK
w;s w;sl%u ^blaóu& , w;sOdjk , w;sf¾l
wê wêlrK , wêldr , wê.Dys;
wkq wkqNj , wkqu;
wm wmlS¾;s , wmjdo , wmrdO
wNs wNsudk , wNsuqL , wNsjDoaê , wNsfIal
wj wj;dr , wjk; , wjjdo
wd wd.u , wdpdr , wdor , wdkhk
Woa / W;a Woa.; , Woaf>daIK , WoaOuk , W;am;a;s
Wm Wmøj , Wmiïmod , Wmi¾.
ÿia / ÿIa / ÿ¾ ÿIalr , ÿ¾ck , ÿ¾j, , ÿiaiudys;
ks ksjerÈ , ksjdi , ksldh
ksia / ksIa / ks¾ ksIaldrK , ks¾jdK , ks¾.=K , ksii a rK
mrd mrdch , mrdNj , mrdl%u
mß mßudK , mßjdr , mßjdrl , mßmQ¾K
m% m%lD;s , m%n, , m%udK , m%.;s
m%;s m%;sM, , m%;sm;a;s , m%;smlaI

jdlHhl uq, , ueo fyda w. fh§ úúO w¾: m%ldY mo ksmd; mohs.
wyd uf.a ke.Ks

úúO w¾: m%ldY

lrhs ueo Tn tk;=re

Tyq fmdai;a ¨.

Page 11
 kej; o

h<s mo iïnkaO ;a
ld,d¾:jdÖ
ksmd; l,d;=rlska lsÍfï ksmd; hs

ks;r yd

boysg

fuka

fia ;=re

jeks iSudj ±laùï olajd

ksmd;
n`ÿ mgka
WmudjdÖ ksmd;
ú,i

whqre

jf.a

wfka ;rï

wfyda m%udKd¾:fha muK

ksmd;
whsfhda ú;r

Ndj m%ldYk I∙ id
ksmd;
Ñ∙

yd

W!∙

wyd

fkd jyd
ke; hk w¾:fha l%shd úfYaIK
kE fio
ksmd; ksmd;
nE h<s

Wla; rEm wkqla; rEm

tal jpk nyq jpk tal jpk nyq jpk
W;a;u mqreI uu wms ud wm
uOHu mqreI Tn Tn Tn Tn
kqU kqU kqU ^* kqU / f;dm&
^*f;da& ^*f;dms& ^*;d / ;S&
m%:u mqreI fya / Tyq W! Tjqyq / ^*Tyq& Tyq / W! Tjqka / Wka
mqreI ,sx. ta / wE Tõyq wE / weh Tjqka

Page 12
 m%:u mqreI ^tla& m%;Hh <ufhla <ufhl=
wkshudra:h mqreI ñksfila - ñksfil= -
,sx. <ufhl= / ñksfil=
m%:u mqreI ^wla& m%;Hh ^wl& m%;Hh
wkshud¾:h ia;%S .eyekshla - .eyekshl -
,sx.

jryka ;=< we;af;a merKs jHjydrhkah.

l¾uldrl jdlHl l¾uh Wla; jk ksid Wla; jk l¾uhg wkqj wLHd;h ;eìh hq;=h.

ñksik
q a úiska i;a;= uefr;s

^wkqla; l¾;D& ^úiska ksmd;h & Wla; l¾uh wdLHd;h

fouúmshka úiska orefjda h hyu. hefj;s / hjkq ,efn;s / hjkq ,efn;a

wkqla; l¾;Dg úiska ksmd;h

 l¾uldrl jdlHhl l¾;D wkqla; fõ wkqla; jk l¾;D mohg miqj úiska ksmd;h fhfoa.
 Wla; jk l¾ufha ,sx. fNaoh m%ldY úh hq;= ;ekl§ lDoka; wdLHd;h Ndú; fõ .^fuh isÿjkafka
m%:u mqreI tal jpk l¾u mo i`oyd muKls.&
wOHlaI;=ud úiska m%Odk ,smsldßKsh ld¾hd,hg le`ojkq ,efnkakSh le`ofjhs.
Wla; mo wkqla; mo

ka
^fjda / ´ / yq&
a
ffjµjre , .x.dfjda , .iayq

.eyeKsh
................................

 l¾;Dldrl jdlH yd l¾uldrl jdlH w;r we;s fjki

l¾;Dldrl jdlH l¾uldrl jdlH
l¾;D Wla; fõ. l¾uh Wla; fõ.
l¾uh wkqla; fõ. l¾;D wkqla; fõ.
wkqla; l¾;D ye`.ùug wkqla; l¾;D mohg
miqj úiska ksmd;h fhfoa.
Wla; l¾;Dg wkqj wdLHd;h fhfoa. Wla; jQ l¾uhg wkqj wdLHd;h fhfoa.

Page 13
  l¾;Dldrl jdlHhla l¾uldrlhg yerùu.
 .=rejre isik
q g
a W.kaj;s l¾;Dldrl jdlH
i. Wla; l¾;D wkqla; lrkak .=rejreka
ii. wkqla; l< l;Dg miqj úiska ksmd;h fhdokak .=rejreka úiska
iii. wkqla; l¾u moh Wla; lrkak .=rejreka úiska isiqkag
iv. Wla; l¾uhg .e<fmk mßÈ wdLHd;hla fhdokak .=rejreka úiska isiqkag W.kajkq ,nhs
l¾uldrl l%shd idok flá l%uh l¾uldrl l%shd idok flá l%uh
^j¾;udk ld,h& ^j¾;udk ld,h&
Od;=j + kq + ,n + hs Od;=j + k + ,§

;s ,oy

+ + + + k +
fï wkqj l¾;Dldrl jdlH lsysmh l¾uldrlhg yrjkak.
l¾;Dldrl l¾uldrl
f.dúfhda .jhka n`È;a. f.dúhka úiska .jfhda nef`o;s / n`Èkq ,efn;s.
<uhs i,lhka wU;s. <uqka úiska il,fhda wUkq ,efn;s.
foujqmsfhda orejka fmdaIKh l<y. fouõmshka úiska orefjda fmdaIkh flfr;s / lrkq ,efn;s.
fjf<kaod wU úl=Khs. fjf<kaod úiska wU úl=Kkq ,nhs.
fin`: n,fldgqj jekiSy. fin`:ka úiska n,fldgqj jkik ,§ .
jeoafoda uqjka ur;s. jeoaoka úiska uqfjda urkq ,n;s.
 l¾;Dldrl jdlH l%shd mo ;eîu.
j¾;udk ld,h w;S; ld,h
;s ^y / fjdah&
^,sh;s& ,shqy / ,shqfjdah

hs ^wdh&
^,shhs& ,shqjdh

hs fõh
^,shhs& ^,shqfõh&

hs Ks
^nn,hs& ^nen<sKs&

"ms,s " w.g fhfok úg okac "," fhfoa.

flfi,ams,s fudkrms,s weiams,s mdms,s weoms,s y,ams,s je,sms,s ;smams,s
"g , G , l , m , M" wlaIr j,g uq,ska "I" fhfoa .
YsIg
a YsIg
a dpdrh ÿIag oDIaáh oIag lksIaG fcHIaG l=IaG
Y=Ial úIalïNh ksIamdokh jdIam ksIaM, O¾ñIaG
"p , Y , p " wlaIr j,g uq,ska "Y" fhfoa.
úksYaph mYaÑu ksYaÑ; mYapd;a ksYaYío ÿYaYS, BYajr úYajh
wdYajdi úYajdi

Page 14
 "Y , I " wlaIr tl <`. fhfok úg m<uq wlaIrh ;d¨c "Y" fhfoa.
úfYaI YsIH fYaIh úYsIag YsIg
a YsIg
a dpdrh
"r" miqj oka;c "k" fh§u - fuh l%shd w¾: j¾;udk lDoka; y`.jk jpk j, fndfyda úg fhfoa.
w;=rk wfudark Wrk ^lsß& l,lsfrk lldrk lrk ^lsÍu& .=.=rk
f;dark ork foork mqmqrk msßjrk msßkuk urk
u;=rk fudark jrk jodrk iQrk irk^ießirk& yodrk
ks¾kdñl fmfrdakh brdkh l=rdkh msßksjk msßkuk
f.!rjd¾:fha "wdK , wKq , wKs , wKav " hk m%;H iu`. uq¾Oc "K" fhfoa.
mshdKka .=re;=udKka m`ä;=udKka fidfydhqrdKka u,Kqjka mq;Kqjka
nEkKqjka uEKshka kekaoKshka ÈhKshka u,Kav mq;Kav

w;S; ksre;aidyl l¾uldrl l%shdj, § uq¾Oc "K" fhfoa.

È,siK
q s nen<sKs ,shúKs flßKs mdúKs we,a,sKs

;d¨c "Y " wlaIrhg miqj oka;c "k" fhfoa.

kso¾Yk od¾Yksl m%Yak o¾Yk úu¾Yk ixo¾Yk m%o¾Yk m%ldYkh
"< , , " wlaIr tl <`. fhofok úg m<uq wlaIrh uq¾Oc "<" fhfoa.
j<¨ m<, k<, n<,d ms<s, w<,k le<,
uq¾Oc "< " w.g fhfoa - Wf,<
fuu jpk j, tfia fkdfhfoa
u,, l%Svd ,,k ,d,k l,,^uv& l,,rej l=l=,, ms,a,Ej me,e,a,
"Y , I , i " fh§u
 isxy,fha ;j;a wl=r ;=kls.
;d¨c "Y" uq¾Oc " I" oka;c "i" kï fõ.
 p , Y , j hk wlaIr j,g uq,ska ;d¨c "Y" fhfoa.
ksYap, , ksYaYío , wYajhd
 Y , i wlaIr tl ,`. fhÿKq úg uq,ska fhfokafka o " Y " hkakhs.
m%Yia; , Ydikh , Ydia;%h
 Y , I wlaIr tl ,`. fhÿKq úg uq,ska fhfokafka o " Y " wlaIrhs.
YsIagdpdrh , YsIH , Y=Ial

 l , g , G , m , M , K wl=rej,g uq,ska fhfokqfha uq¾Oc " I " hkakhs.

ÿIalr , YsIag , lKsIaG , ksIamkak , ksIaM,

 l , hkakg miqj fhfokqfha o uq¾Oc " I " hkakhs.

mÍCIK , NsCIqj , rCIK , wCIr

f;fï , f;dfuda , ;=uQ mo Ndú;h

 f;fï , f;dfuda , ;=uq hk mo i¾j kdu Wla; rEmh
i. f;fï - mqreI ,sx. tal jpk h.
ii. ;=uQ - mqreI ,sx. nyq jpk h.
iii. ta f;fï úfoaY ixpdrhlg .sfha h.
 f;fï , f;dfuda , mo m%dKjdÖ w¾:hla m< l< o l%shd moh tal jpkfhkau ;eîu iïu; Í;shls.
i. iQ¾h f;fï / f;u pKav rYañh m;=rejkag úh.
ii. iNd f;dfuda i;=áka úisr .shdh .
ia;%S ,sx. tal jpk
iii. k§ f;dfuda fifuka .,d niskk a h
S .
ia;%S ,sx. tal jpk
Page 15
  fyj;a ksmd;h jdlHhl fhfok úg Wla;hg .e<fmk fia wdLHd;h ;eìh hq;= h.
i. rcrg fyj;a wkqrdOmqrh wfma merKs u rdcOdkshls.
ii. fixlv., fyj;a uykqjr Wvrg rdcOdksfha w.kqjr f,i mej;=Ks.
 fkdfyd;a ksmd;h jdlHhl fhfok úg wdLHd;h wdikakj fh§ we;s Wla; mohg .e<fmk f,i Wla; moh
;eìh hq;=h.
i. wïud fkdfyd;a uu W;aijhg iyNd.S fjñ.
ii. mshd fkdfyd;a wïud úydrhg hkakhS .
 "´ " - yq m%;H fh§ wm%dKjdÖ kdu mo nyq jpk fõ. túg wdLHd;h o Bg .e<fmk mßÈ ;eìh hq;= fõ.
;drld wyfia nn<hs. mshqï msfmhs.
;drldfjda wyfia nn<;s. mshqïyq msfm;s.
.x.d .,d nishs. úÿ,s Odrdj t<sh fohs.
.x.dfjda .,d nis;s. úÿ,s Odrdfjda t<sh fo;s.

´ , yq , wKq , wKs , wKska m%;H fh§ m%dKjdÖ kdu mo nyq jpk iajrEm .kS
túg o wdLHd;h nyq jpk úh hq;=h.
i. rÊcqrefjda rg md,kh lr;s.
ii. nqÿyq oyï foiQy foiQ fial.
iii. mshdKka orejka fmdaIKh l<y.
 ixYHd¾:hla fyda jd¾:djla m%ldY lrk úg tu wka;¾ jdlHfha l¾;D wkqla; fõ.wdLHd;h m%:u
mqreI nyq jpkfhka fhfoa.
YsIHhka fyd`Èka iu¾: fj;s ' hs .=rejre is;+y.

^wka;¾ jdlHfha l¾;D wkqla; fõ& ^wdLHd;h m%:u mqreI nyq jpk&
i. <uhska idÿlska fmf<;shs foujqmsfhda ÿlajy
q .
ii. ñksil= wk;=rlg ,lajy Q hs u.S yq l,n,hg m;ajy
Q .

wkshud¾:fha wiïNdjH l%shd mohlg fmr fhfok l¾;D wkqla; fõ.

 ks<h
s l m%ix. fõÈldjg meñKshfyd;a fndfyda fokd i;=gq fj;s.

^wkshud¾:fha wiïNdjH l%shdjg fmr fhfok l¾;D wkqla;j& ^wkshud¾:fha wiïNdjH l%shdj&

i. uka;%S;=uka ck yuqjg meñKshfyd;a m%foaYjdiSyq i;=gq fj;s.

ii. orejka úNd.fhka iu;a fj;s hs ujqjre n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQy.

ld,d¾:fha wiïNjH l%shd mohlg fmr fhfok l¾;Do wkqla; fõ.

i. úÿy,am;s;=uka /iaùu wu;oa§ isiqyq w;afmdf<dika ÿkay.
ii. l%Svlhka msáhg msúfioa § fm%AlaIlfhda t,ajrika ÿkay.
 "jq" hk lDoka; mohg uq,ska fhfok l¾;D moh wkqla; fõ.

i. olaI l%Säldjl jQ weh cd;Hka;r iïudkhg md;% úh.

ii. rKY+rfhl= jQ fvkais,a fldínElvqj ìïfndaïnhlg f.dÿre úh.
iii. foaYmd,k{fhl= jQ Tyq oCI l%Svlfhl= o úh.
 lr Od;=j l%shd mo yd ne`§ Wla; jk úg uq,g fhfok kdu moh muKla Wla; fjhs.
i. .=rejre isik
q a W.=;=ka lr;s.
ii. Wmdiljre .eñhka oyug keUqre lr;s.

Page 16
 iii. mqyqKqlrefjda l%Svlhska mqyqKq lrj;s.
 "j" Od;=fjka iEoqKq wdLHd;h fjkqjg jdlH wjidkfha ye`.ùu i`oydh , hs ksmd; fhdokq ,efí.
i. wms ,dxlsl mqrjeisfhda h.
ii. ud¾áka úl%uisxy úYsIag f,aLlfhla úh.
iii.

Tyq oCI l%Svlfhla h l%Svlfhls.
 "o" ksmd;fha o fï Í;sh fufia u n,mdhs.
i. Tyq f,aLlfhla ¨.
ii. kqU,d wkd.; Ndrldrfhda ¨ .
 we;ï úg fujeks jdlH wdLHd;hla rys;j fhfoa túg wdLHd;h wOHdydrfhka .; hq;= fõ.
i. Tyq f,aLlfhla .
ii. kqU,d wkd.; Ndrldrfhda .
 Wla;h iïmq¾K lsÍu i`oyd l¾;D mohg wu;rj ;j;a kdu mohla Wla; lsÍu .
i. wms ish,af,da u ,lajeisfhda fjuq
 fuu jdlHfha ,lajeisfhda hk fojk kdu moh Wla; rEmfhka fhdod we; . th ^,lajeishka& hkqfjka
wkqla;j ;enqfjd;a jHdlrK úfrdaë h .
we; / ke;/ yels / hq;= hk mo jr ke`.S jdlHj, fhfok úg Bg iïnkaO
l¾;D Wla; iajrEm .; hq;= fõ.
i. uu fmd;a lshjd we;a;f;ñ.
ii. wms .=K oï /lsh hq;af;uq.
iii. mhska hkafkda ud¾.fha ol=Kq miska hd hq;a;dy.

we; / ke;/ yel / hq;= / uekú / fhfyls / jà hk mohlska wjika jk jdlHhkays

l¾;Djdpl kdu moh wkql; a fõ.

i. .=rejreõ mdi,g meñK ke;.

ii. wm .=K oï /lsh hq;= h.
iii. mhska hkakka ud¾.fha ol=Kq miska hkq uekú.

m%lD;s hkqfjka woyia flfrkafka mohl uq,a rEmh fyj;a fmdÿ rEmhhs . th fuf,i §¾>j ye`Èkaúh
yel.
mohl uq,a rEmh , mohl fmdÿ rEmh , mohl uQ,h , mohl Wm; , mohl iudk rEmh m%lD;s f,i
olajhs.
kdu mo yd l%shd mo jYfhka mo fldgia folla we;s ksid m%lD;s o fldgia follg ^2& fnfohs.
i. kdu m%lD;s ^Yío m%lD;s&
ii. l%shd m%lD;s ^Od;= m%lD;s&
01) wm%dKjdÖ fyda kmqxil ,sx. mohl m%lD;sh fiùfï § tu wm%dKjdÖ mofha w.h ixLHdjdÖ mohla fhdod
ixLHdjdÖ moh bj;a lsÍfuka m%lD;sh fjka lr .; yelsh
Wod:- kdu moh ixLHdjdÖ moh fh§u m%lD;sh
fmd; fmd;a my fmd;a
.i .ia y;r .ia
u, u,a ÿisu u,a
fïih fïi fol fïi
ì;a;sh ì;a;s y;r ì;a;s

Page 17
 02) iuQyd¾:jdÖ mohla kdumohla w.g fhdod , miqj iuQyd¾: moh bj;a lsÍfuka o , m%lD;sh y`ÿkd .; yelsh.
Wod:-
kdu moh iuQyd¾: moh fh§u m%lD;sh
ñksid ñksia le< ñksia
w,shd w,s rxpqj w,s
n,a,d n¨ /< n¨
.srjd .srd fm< .srd
<uhd <ud le< <ud

03) m%lD;sh fidhd .; hq;= kdu moh úfYaIKhla f,i fhdod miqj úfYaIH bj;a l< úg b;sß jkqfha m%lD;shhs.

Wod:- kdu moh iuQyd¾: moh fh§u m%lD;sh

ñksid ñksia le< ñksia
w,shd w,s rxpqj w,s
n,a,d n¨ /< n¨
.srjd .srd fm< .srd
<uhd <ud le< <ud
04) m%lD;sh fidhd .ekSug wjYH moh iïnkaO úNla;s iudihl fhdod tys uq,a rEmh m%lD;sh f,i fjka l<
yelsh.
kdu moh iïnkaO úNla;s iudih m%lD;sh
Wod:- ñksi d ñks i df.a is
; - ñks
i a is ; ñksia
<uhd <uhdf.a .S - <ud .S <ud
.jhd .jhdf.a uia - .juia .j
w,shd w,shdf.a megõ - w,s megõ w,s
l=re,a,d l=re,a,kaf.a megõ - l=re`: megõ l=re`:
l%shd moh ñY% l%shdj l%shd m%lD;sh
kghs kgñka kg
.ehqy .hñks .h
jh;s jhñka jh
msfmhs msfmñka msfm
fldg;s fldgñka fldg
05) mQ¾j l%shdj oaú;aj lr ;kd .kakd ñY% l%shdfõ uq,k
s a we;s l%shd m%lD;shhs.

l%shd moh ñY% l%shdj l%shd m%lD;sh

n,hs n, n,d n,
kghs kg kgd kg
ur;s ur urd ur
jh;s jh jhd jh
y`vhs y`v y`vd y`v

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