Unit 1 question Bank

1. Derive an expression for (a) Transmission line equation (b) Reflection

and Transmission coefficients.

2. A telephone line has R=6 ohm/km,L=2.2 mh/km,C=0.005μf/km

.Determine ZO, α, β at 1khz.If the line length is 100km, determine the
attenuation and phase shift of the signal.Caculate the phase velocity of
the signal.

3. Derive an equation for ZinOC and ZinSC for lossy and lossless
Transmission line.

4. In a certain Microwave Transmission line, the characteristic impedance

was measured to be 210∠100 ohm and the propagation constant is
0.2∠780 Determine the primary constants of the line, if the frequency of
operation is 1 GHz.

5. Open and Short circuited impedance of a transmission line at 1GHz are

1600∠-25° ohm and 900∠-15° ohm respectively. If the length of the line
is 10mts, compute (a) characteristic impedance (b) propagation constant.

6. What are Standing waves? Write and discuss expressions for voltage,
Vmax & Vmin of standing wave. Sketch the voltage standing wave
pattern for (a) ZL=Z0 (b) ZL=∞ (c) ZL=0 (d) ZL=Z0/3 (e) ZL=3Z0.

7. A 50 ohm lossless line connects a matched signal of 100 kHz to a load

of 100 ohm. The load power is 100 Mw.Calculate the
(a) Voltage reflection coefficient of the load
(b)VSWR of the load
(c)Position of the first Vmin and Vmax
(d)Impedance at Vmin and Vmax and values of Vmin and Vmax

8. Explain the different types of mismatch losses in transmission lines.

9. A lossless transmission line with a characteristic impedance of 300

ohms is fed by a generator of voltage ∠00 volts and as impedance of 100
ohms. The line is 100m long and is terminated by a resistive load of 200
ohms. Calculate the reflection loss, transmission loss and the return loss.

10. Explain the structure of strip line and write the equation for its
characteristics impedance for W/b<=0.5,W/b>0.5 and W/b>>0.35.Also
discuss losses in strip lines.

11. Discuss the Field Equations for the TE and TM waves in Rectangular
Waveguide.

12. Dominant TE mode is propagated through a waveguide of breadth

10cm at frequency of 2.5GHz. Find (a) cut-off wavelength (b) Phase
velocity (c) group velocity (d) guide wavelength (e) wave impedance (f)
phase constant.

13. A rectangular waveguide with 5cm*2cm cross section is used to

propagate TM11 mode at 10 Ghz. Determine the cut-off wavelength and
the characteristic impedance.
 Unit 2 question Bank

1. Explain the working of precision variable type attenuator along with neat
diagram and related equations.
2. Explain Reciprocal phase shifters and Non reciprocal phase shifter along
with related equations.
3. Explain the working of Magic Tee along with the diagram and derive its S-
matrix.
4. Explain the working principle of Gunn diode and its modes of operation
5. Explain the working principle of TRAPATT diode along with neat diagram.
6. Discuss the working of Tunnel diode along with the equivalent circuit and its
application as an amplifier and oscillator.
7. Write the difference between tunnel diode and normal diode.
8. Explain the application of Magic Tee as E-H tuner and balanced mixer.

Unit 3- question Bank

1. Discuss the following Parameters with respect to Antenna along with

related figures and equations.
i. Radiation Pattern, Field regions
ii. Radian and steradian, Radiation Power Density
iii. Radiation Intensity, Directivity
iv. Gain, Antenna Efficiency
v. HPBW and FNBW
vi. Beam Efficiency, Bandwidth
2. Analyze the radiation mechanism for the following
i. Single wire using electromagnetic radiation equation
ii. Two-wires and Dipole.
3. The radial component of the radiated power density of an antenna is
given by Wav = A0 sin θ /r2 {W /m2), where A0 is the peak value of the
 power density, θ is the usual spherical coordinate,ar^ is the radial unit
vector. Determine
i. Total radiated power.
ii. Prad from Radiation Intensity
4. Find the maximum directivity of the antenna whose radiation intensity is
given by U= A0sinθ. Write an expression for the directivity as a function
of the directional angles θ and Φ.
5. The radial component of the radiated power density of an antenna is
given by Wav = A0 sin2 θ /r2. Determine the directivity of an antenna and
express the directivity as a function of the directional angles θ and Φ.
6. A lossless resonant half-wavelength dipole antenna, with input
impedance of 73 ohms is connected to a transmission line whose
characteristics impedance is 50 ohms. Assuming that the pattern of the
antenna is given approximately by U= B0 sin3 θ. Find the absolute Gain
of the antenna and overall efficiency of the antenna
7. The radial component of the radiated power density of an infinitesimal
linear dipole of length l < λ is given by W av = a r^ Wav =a r^ A0 sin2 θ/ r2
where A0 is the peak value of the power density. θ is the usual spherical
coordinate. And a r^ is the radial unit vector. Determine the maximum
directivity of the antenna and express the directivity as a function of the
directional angles θ and Φ.
8. A lossless resonant half-wavelength dipole antenna, with input
impedance of 73 ohms, is to be connected to a transmission line whose
characteristic impedance is 50 ohms.Assuming that the pattern of the
antenna is given approximately by U = B 0sin3 θ find the overall
maximum gain of this antenna.

Unit 4- question Bank

 1. Derive Power density , radiation resistance and directivity of short
dipole antenna
2. Discuss the concept of Radian distance and Radian sphere of short
dipole antenna along with related field equations for the following
i. Near-Field (Kr <<1) region
ii. Intermediate-Field (Kr>1)
iii. Far-Field (Kr>>1)
3. For a two element array derive the equation for an Array factor
4. For an N-element linear array with uniform spacing and amplitude
derive the equation for the following
i. AF and AFn
ii. The nulls of an array
5. Derive the equations for magnetic field vector A and electric field
components (E) due to infinitesimal dipole antenna.
6. Derive the equations for magnetic field vector A and magnetic field
components due to infinitesimal dipole antenna.
7. Define ordinary end-fire array and derive equations for its directivity.
8. Define Broadside array and derive equations for its directivity.

Unit 5 question Bank

1. Write the design procedure of helical and Rectangular microstrip antenna

2. Write a neat diagram and explain the geometrical configuration of helical

antenna along with the design procedure.

3. Design a 10-turn helix to operate in the axial mode. For an optimum

design, Circumference =λ0, pitch angle =130

Determine the:
 a. Separation between turns(in λ0) and length of a single turn
b. Relative (to free space) wave velocity along the wire of the helix
for;
i. Ordinary end-fire design
ii. Hansen-woodyard end fire-design
c. Half-power beamwidth of the main lobe(in degrees)
d. Directivity (in dB)
e. Axial ratio(dimensionless and in dB)

4. Design a log-periodic dipole antenna, to cover all the VHF TV channels

(starting with 54 MHz for channel 2 and ending with 216 MHz for
channel 13. The desired directivity is 8 dB and the input impedance is 50
ohms (ideal for a match to 50-ohm coaxial cable). The elements should
be made of aluminium tubing with ¾ in. (1.9 cm) outside diameter for the
largest element and the feeder line and 3/16in. (0.48 cm) for the smallest
element. These diameters yield identical l/d ratios for the smallest and
largest elements with D0=8dB, the optimum σ =0.157 and corresponding
𝜏=0.865.
5. Analyze the working principle of following type of antennas

i. Planar and wire logarithmically periodic antenna

ii. Log-periodic dipole array.
6. Discuss the following for rectangular microstrip patch antenna with

related equations and diagrams

i. Effective length and width
ii. Resonant frequency
iii. Design procedure
7. Design a rectangular microstrip antenna using a substrate (RT/duroid
5880) with dielectric constant or 2.2, h = 0.1588 cm (0.0625 inches) so as
to resonate at l0 GHz.
8. Write a short note on microstrip antennas.

10. Explain the various Feeding mechanisms of microstrip antennas along

with diagrams?