ARTICLE

THE INFLUENCE OF CREATIVITY, INDEPENDENCE AND

LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
IN MEKAAR PNM COOPERATION IN MOJOKERTO DISTRICT

By :
NAILATUSH SHOFI
NIM. 2019051310

UNIVERSITY OF MAYJEN SUNGKONO, MOJOKERTO

MANAGEMENT STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS
2023
 APPROVAL SHEET OF THESIS JOURNAL
Thesis journal compiled by Nailatush Shofi (NIM: 2019051310 ) with the title The Influence of
Creativity, Independence and Leadership on Employee Performance The Pnm Mekaar
Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency has been examined and approved:

Mojokerto, 10 August 2023

Advisor I, Advisor II,

Erry Setiawan, SE, MM Poppy Meilina Dian Hastuti, S.AB., M.Ak.

NIDN. 0712107005 NIDN. 0722059005

Dean of the Faculty of Economics,

Dwi Dewianawati, SE, MM

NIDN. 0701087101

ii
 THE INFLUENCE OF CREATIVITY, INDEPENDENCE AND LEADERSHIP ON
EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT PNM MEKAAR COOPERATIVE IN MOJOKERTO
DISTRICT
Nailatush Shofi , Erry Setiawan 2 , Poppy Meilina Dian Hastuti 3
1

Management Study Program

Email : nailatushshofi@gmail.com , erry944@gmail.com , poppymeilina@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence employee performance at the
PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency which includes creativity, independence and
leadership factors, either partially, simultaneously or dominantly. The research method used in this
study is a quantitative method with a survey approach. Respondents in this study were adjusted to as
many as 31 employees at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency. The sampling method
used is a saturated sample or census, namely collecting data and observing thoroughly the types of
objects that have been determined. The data obtained was analyzed using a statistical formula, namely
by using multiple regression analysis whose processing was carried out using the SPSS 25 program
(Statistical Package for Social Science 25). Based on the test results with the SPSS 25 program, the
results are obtained: The multiple linear regression equation is as follows Y = -1.400 + 0.267X1 +
0.415X2 + 0.694X3. The variables of creativity, independence and leadership partially influence the
performance of employees at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency. The variables of
creativity, independence and leadership simultaneously influence the performance of employees at the
PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency. The leadership variable dominantly influences
employee performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency.

Keywords: Creativity, Independence, Leadership and Employee Performance .

The Influence of Creativity, Independence and Leadership on Employee Performance at the PNM
Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency
Nailatush Shofi1 , Erry Setiawan2 , Poppy Meilina Dian Hastuti3
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics. Major General Sungkono University, Mojokerto.
E-mail : nailatushshofi@gmail.com , erry944@gmail.com , poppymeilina@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence employee performance at the
PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency which includes factors of creativity, independence
and leadership, either partially, simultaneously or dominantly. The research method used in this study
is a quantitative method with a survey approach. Respondents in this study were adjusted to as many
as 31 employees at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency. The sampling method used is
a saturated sample or census, namely collecting data and observing thoroughly the types of objects
that have been determined. The data obtained was analyzed using a statistical formula, namely by
using multiple regression analysis whose processing was carried out using the SPSS 25 program
(Statistical Package for Social Science 25). Based on the test results with the SPSS 25 program, the
results are obtained: The multiple linear regression equation is as follows Y = -1.400 + 0.267X1 +
0.415X2 + 0.694X3. The variables of creativity, independence and leadership partially influence the

1
performance of employees at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency. The variables of
creativity, independence and leadership simultaneously influence the performance of employees at the
PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency. The leadership variable dominantly influences
employee performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency.

Keywords: Creativity, Independence, Leadership and Employee Performance

2
1. Introduction
In today's era of globalization, competition and competition are getting tighter and wider every
day. Because of this, human resources are one of the important aspects for an organization or
company, humans always play an active and dominant role in every organization because humans are
the planners, actors and determinants of the realization of organizational goals. Because competition
is getting tougher day by day, employees are required to be able to perform well. Performance is a
real behavior that is displayed by everyone as work performance produced by employees in
accordance with their roles. The performance of employees in a company is very important in
increasing the company's production.
Employees who have high performance in their work have better productivity in carrying out
their work. Employees are the company's most important asset because of their role as the subject of
implementing the company's policies and operational activities. Owned resources. Human resource
management faces the challenge of preparing and bringing in suitable and better employees into the
organization and meeting the needs and expectations of employees.
According to Dama and Ogi in Indrajita et.al, (2021: 3) states that performance is a description
of the level of achievement of the implementation of an activity or policy in realizing the goals,
objectives, vision and mission of the organization as outlined through the strategic planning of an
organization. Every company always expects its employees to have achievements, because having
employees who excel will make an optimal contribution to the company. In addition, by having
employees who excel in the company can improve the company's performance. If the individuals in
the company, namely human resources, run effectively, then the company will also continue to run
effectively. In other words, the continuity of a company is determined by the performance of its
employees.
According to Yuwalliatin and Sitty in Marjaya and Pasaribu (2019: 131) stated that
performance is measured by instruments developed in studies that are incorporated in general
performance measures then translated into fundamental behavioral research. Improving employee
performance will bring progress for the company to be able to survive in an unstable competitive
business environment. Therefore efforts to improve employee performance are the most serious
management challenge because success in achieving goals and the survival of the company depends
on the quality of the performance of the human resources in it.
Work creativity is of course very much needed by the company because every employee who
has creativity will always produce new things that can increase profits from the company, so every
employee is required to have creativity to develop the implementation of their respective work
assignments. Dama and Ogi in Indrajita et.al, (2021: 3) state that creativity or creative thinking is the
ability to see various possible solutions to a problem, a form of thinking that has received little
attention until now. Through creative and innovative employees, companies can create bright ideas
about the best products and services.
Independence is the ability of individuals to behave according to their wishes. Independence is
something that is important and must be owned by every human being so that humans do not always
depend on others. A person is said to be independent if he is able to solve his own problems without
depending on others. An independent person is able to manage his own life in his daily life. Believe
and have the courage to do something and be responsible for what you do. In addition, independence
as one of the components forming the basic abilities that children must have in order to be able to
adjust to their social environment .
Based on this background and seeing some of the above data descriptions, further research is
needed to respond to these problems. So the authors are interested in conducting research with the
title “The Influence of Creativity, Independence and Leadership on Employee Performance at
the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency” .
3
LITERATURE REVIEW
Human Resource Management
Afandi (2018: 67) states that human resource management is a field of general management
which includes aspects of planning, organizing, implementing and controlling. Ansory, A. F and
Indrasari (2018: 91) state that human resource management is a series of organizational activities
directed at attracting, developing and maintaining an effective workforce. Busro (2018: 97) states that
human resource management can be interpreted as a science that regulates the relationships and roles
of the workforce effectively and efficiently so that organizational or company goals are achieved.
Mangkunegara (2017: 43) states that more specifically says that human resource management is
planning, organizing, directing and controlling the procurement, development, compensation,
integration, maintenance and termination of employees with the intention of realizing corporate,
individual, employee and community goals.

Creativity
Farida (2017: 31) states that creativity is the ability to initiate ideas, see new or unexpected
relationships, the ability to formulate concepts that are not just memorized, create new answers to
existing questions and get new questions that need to be answered.

Factors Affecting Employee Creativity

According to Haryono (2018: 71) there are several factors that influence the realization of
individual creativity, including:
1. Intrinsic motivation
Individuals have an urge within themselves to be creative or creative, create potential, activate
their capacities. This encouragement will be the main motivation in building relationships with
their environment
2. Extrinsic motivation
Things that can influence individual creativity by being pushed from the outside, such as the
family environment, school, workplace, and community. Family environment is the main factor
that can influence individual creativity. The school environment will affect the improvement and
growth of individual creativity at every level of school taken. While the work environment will
also influence employees to develop their creativity. For the community environment, it will
affect individual creativity with the cultures that exist in the community environment.

Creativity Indicator
1. Skill. The ability to do something about a role. It is an ability that can be transferred from one
person to another.
2. Thinking ability. The power of thinking that must be built at work so that it becomes a character
or personality that is imprinted in work life to solve all of his life's problems by identifying any
information he receives and then being able to evaluate and then conclude it systematically and
then being able to express opinions in an organized way .
3. Motivation. The process that describes the intensity, direction, and persistence of an individual to
achieve his goals.
4. Discipline. The feeling of obedience and adherence to the values that are trusted is their
responsibility.
5. Smoothness. The ability to produce many ways of obedience carried out by the company.

Independence
4
 According to Ajabar (2020: 41) states that independence is an important thing and must be
owned by every human being so that humans do not always depend on other people. A person is said
to be independent if he is able to solve his own problems without depending on others. Hartatic
(2018:62).
Independence Indicators According to Larasati (2018: 91) states that the indicators used as
measurements of independence include the following:
1. Have a sense of responsibility. Responsibility is something we have to do in order for us to
receive something called rights. Responsibility is an act that is very important to do in
everyday life, because without responsibility, things will not go well.
2. Not dependent on others. The attitude of an employee to be able to solve problems with his
own abilities without depending on others.
3. Have a great sense of curiosity. Curiosity will always motivate oneself to continue to find and
learn new things so that it will increase knowledge and experience in work activities.
4. Have a confident attitude. High performance employees have a positive mental attitude that
directs them to act with a high level of confidence.

Leadership
Masram and Muah (2017:87) state that leadership is a process of directing and influencing
activities related to the tasks of group members. According to Hamali (2018: 91) states that leadership
is a science that examines comprehensively how to direct, influence, and supervise other people to
carry out tasks according to planned orders.
Leadership Indicators According to Kartono (2018: 51) mentions several indicators of
leadership, namely as follows:
1. Decision making ability. Decision making is a systematic approach to the nature of the
alternatives faced and taking action according to calculations is the most appropriate action.
2. Motivating ability. The ability to motivate is the driving force that results in a member of the
organization being willing and willing to mobilize his abilities (in the form of expertise or skills)
his energy and time to carry out various activities that are his responsibility and fulfill his
obligations.
3. Communication skills.
Communication ability is the skill or ability to convey messages, ideas, or thoughts to other
people with the aim that other people understand what is meant properly, directly or indirectly.
4. Ability to control subordinates.
A leader must have the desire to make others follow his wishes by using personal power or
position power effectively and appropriately for the long-term interests of the company.
5. Responsibility.
A leader must have responsibility to his subordinates. Responsibility can be interpreted as an
obligation that must bear, bear responsibility, bear everything or give responsibility and bear the
consequences.

Employee performance
Good employee performance is a very important factor in the efforts of a company or
organization to increase productivity. According to Farida (2017: 121) states that performance is the
level of achievement of results or implementation of certain tasks.
Employee Performance Indicators According to Sinambela (2017: 135) states that indicators
in measuring employee performance variables are:
1. Managerial competence. Managerial competence is the skill of moving others to work well.
2. Interpersonal skills
5
 Interpersonal skills are special skills that are non-technical, intangible and personality that
determines one's strengths.
3. Result achievement
This is the amount generated expressed in terms such as the number of units, the number of
activity cycles completed
4. Leadership.
Leadership means the ability and readiness possessed by someone to be able to influence,
encourage, invite, guide, move, and direct people or groups to accept that influence.

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1 : Research Conceptual Framework

Information :
: Partial
: Simultaneous
: Dominant

Hypothesis
H1 : It is suspected that creativity, independence and leadership partially affect the performance
of employees at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency
H2 : It is suspected that creativity, independence and leadership simultaneously influence the
performance of employees at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency.
H3 : It is suspected that leadership has a dominant influence on employee performance at the
PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency.

Research Methods
The type of research used in this study is to use a quantitative method of survey method.
Sugiyono (2018: 71) states that survey research is research conducted on large and small populations,
but the data studied is data from samples taken from the population, to find relative events,
distribution, and relationships between sociological variables nor psychological. the author takes
100% of the number of employees in the Mekaar PNM Cooperative, namely as many as 31
employees. Thus the use of the entire population without having to draw a research sample as a unit of
observation is referred to as a saturated or census sampling technique.
According to Sugiyono (2018: 61) states that the source of data is data obtained related to
religious socio-cultural research itself both by questionnaire and observation methods. According to
Unaradjan (2019: 87) states that the data collection method is a technique or method used by
researchers to obtain data that will be analyzed or processed to produce a conclusion.

Results and Discussion

Characteristics of Respondents

6
The characteristics of the respondents used in this study include age, gender and last education . 17
respondents aged 20-29 years, 11 respondents aged 30-39 years. 24 respondents who had male gender
and 7 respondents who had female gender. 8 respondents who had a Bachelor's degree and 23
respondents who had a high school education.

Validity test
1. Creativity Variable (X1)

Based on Table 4.8 above, it can be

seen that all questions for the Creativity variable (X1) have a valid status, because the
significance value is less than 0.05.
2. Independence Variable (X2)

Based on Table 4.9 above, it can be

seen that all questions for the Independence variable (X2) have a valid status, because the
significance value is less than 0.05.
3. Leadership Variable (X3)

Based on Table 4.10 above, it can be seen that all questions for the Leadership variable (X3) have
a valid status, because the significance value is less than 0.05.
4. Employee Performance Variables at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency (Y)

Based on Table 4.11 above, it can

be seen that all questions for the Employee Performance variable at the PNM Mekaar
Cooperative in Mojokertoo Regency (Y) have valid status, because the significance value is less
than 0.05.

7
Reliability Test
According to Duli (2019: 89) states that the reliability test is a test used to determine the extent to
which the measurement results are consistent, if measurements are taken twice or more for the
same symptoms with the same measuring instrument. The results of the data reliability test can be
seen in the following table:

Based on Table
4.12 above, it is known that the Cronbach's alpha calculation results are greater than 0.6. so it was
concluded that the variable instrument items were declared reliable .

Normality test

Based on the results of the normality test using the normal Probability Plots picture presented in
Figure 4.2 shows that the data spreads around the diagonal line and follows the direction of the
diagonal line, it can be concluded that the regression model meets the normality assumption.

Heteroscedasticity Test

According to Ghozali (2019: 53) states that the purpose of the heteroscedasticity test is to see
whether there is an unequal variance from the residuals of one observation to another. The results
of the heteroscedasticity test are presented in the following figure:
Based on the figure above, it is known that there is no clear pattern and the points spread above or
below zero on the Y axis, so it is concluded that there is no heteroscedasticity.

Multicollinearity Test
According to Ghozali (2019: 54) states that the multicollinearity test aims to test whether the
regression model found a correlation between independent (independent) variables. The results of
the data multicollinearity test are presented in the following table:
8
The results of the calculation of the Tolerance value there are no independent variables that have a
Tolerance value of less than 0.10 with a Tolerance value of each independent variable which
includes the variable Creativity (X1) of 0.815, Independence (X2) of 0.680 and Leadership (X3)
of 0.753. Meanwhile the results of calculating the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) values also
show the same thing, namely there is no Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) value from the
independent variable that has a Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) value of more than 10. With the
Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) value of the variable Creativity (X1) is 1,226, Independence (X2)
is 1,470 and Leadership (X3) is 1,328.

Multiple Linear Regression Equations

The results of data processing using the SPSS 25 (Statistical Package for Social Science 25)
program can be summarized following table :

The constant (α) is -1,400, stating that if the variables Creativity (X1), Independence (X2) and
Leadership (X3) have a fixed value or equal to zero (0), the regression coefficient (β) Creativity
(X1) is +0.267 indicating that each additional aspect of Creativity (X1) is 1 unit assuming the
other independent variables are constant, the regression coefficient (β) Independence (X2) is
+0.415 stating that each additional aspect of Independence (X2) is 1 unit assuming the other
independent variables are constant, the regression coefficient (β) Leadership (X3) of +0.694 states
that each additional aspect of Leadership (X3) is 1 unit assuming the other independent variables
are constant.

Hypothesis testing
T test
If the significant value is <0.05 (α : 5%), then creativity, independence and leadership partially
affect employee performance. If the significant value is > 0.05 (α : 5%), then creativity,
independence and leadership partially have no effect on employee performance at the PNM Mekaar
Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency. The variable partial test results are shown in the following
table:

F test
If the significant value is < 0.05 (α : 5%), then creativity, independence and leadership
simultaneously affect employee performance. If the significant value is > 0.05 (α : 5%), then

9
creativity, independence and leadership simultaneously do not affect employee performance at the
PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency. The results of this F test calculation can be seen
in the following table:

Based on the results of the regression analysis in Table 4.19 above, a significance value of 0.000 is
obtained which is less than 0.05. It is concluded that creativity, independence and leadership
simultaneously affect employee performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto
Regency.

Coefficient of Determination
The classification of the correlation coefficient without regard to direction is as follows:
Every time there is an additional independent variable, R2 will definitely increase regardless of
whether the variable has a significant effect on the dependent variable. The results of the
determination test (R2) can be seen from the value of the coefficient of determination in the
following table:

Based on the Adjusted R Square value above, it can also be concluded that there is a remaining
effect of 16% influenced by other variables outside of this study such as compensation,
supervision, employee capabilities, organizational culture, work environment, work motivation,
training, employee discipline and others.

Dominant Variable Testing

Testing by looking at the magnitude of the beta value on each independent variable studied.
According to Unaradjan (2019: 81) states that the largest beta (β) value indicates that the
independent variable has a dominant influence on the dependent variable. The results of the
dominant variable test can be seen in the following table:

Based on Table 4.19 above, the beta value ( ) for the Creativity variable (X1) is 0.267 with a
tcount of 2.709, Independence (X2) of 0.415 with a tcount of 3.258 and Leadership (X3) of 0.694
with a tcount of 6.871. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Leadership variable
(X3) is an independent variable that has a dominant influence on the Employee Performance
variable at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency (Y). This is based on the beta
value ( ) and the largest tcount value of the other independent variables.
10
11
DISCUSSION
The Effect of Creativity on Employee Performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in
Mojokerto Regency
Creativity partially affects the performance of employees at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in
Mojokerto Regency. it was concluded that the first hypothesis which reads "Allegedly creativity
partially affects the performance of employees at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto
Regency" is proven true.

The Effect of Independence on Employee Performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in

Mojokerto Regency
Partially independence affects employee performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in
Mojokerto Regency, it is concluded that the first hypothesis which reads "Allegedly independence
partially affects employee performance at the Mekaar PNM Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency" is
proven true.

The Influence of Leadership on Employee Performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in

Mojokerto Regency
leadership partially affects employee performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto
Regency, it is concluded that the first hypothesis which reads "Allegedly leadership partially
influences employee performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency" is
proven true.

Conclusion
Based on the formulation of the problem, hypothesis and research results, it can be concluded that
there is a positive and significant influence on the study entitled "The Influence of Creativity,
Independence and Leadership on Employee Performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in
Mojokerto Regency". Based on the data that has been collected and the tests that have been carried
out using the multiple linear regression method, the following conclusions can be drawn:
1. Creativity, independence, and leadership partially have a significant effect on employee
performance at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency.
2. creativity, independence and leadership simultaneously affect the performance of employees at
the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency.
3. the Leadership variable (X3) is the independent variable that has a dominant influence on the
Employee Performance variable at the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency (Y).

Suggestion
Based on the results of the conclusions that have been described, suggestions can be given that
can be used as material for consideration, including:
a. For the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency. The PNM Mekaar Cooperative in
Mojokerto Regency should optimize employee creativity by providing an open forum that
functions as a container for creative ideas that are formed.
b. It is hoped that the PNM Mekaar Cooperative in Mojokerto Regency will further improve
employee performance by focusing on work independence.
c. For Further Researchers
Adding research subjects and other variables that can affect employee performance is
expected to increase the number of samples to be used using qualitative data analysis
methods.

12
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