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Electrical Machine Report 1

electrical safety

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Montaha Alduais
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72 views4 pages

Electrical Machine Report 1

electrical safety

Uploaded by

Montaha Alduais
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment.7.

Single phase Transformers

Objectives:
To determine:
a)The equivalent circuit constant.
b)The load characteristic of the transformer.

Determination of the equivalent circuit constant:


a) Open Circuit Test:
Connection Diagram

Procedure:
1.Connect the circuit as shown in figure.
2.Increase V₁ in steps from zero to the rated voltage of the transformer, and take
reading of PL, I, and V2 for each value of V₁.
3.Plot curves for PL. Io and V2 against V₁.
4.Calculate the value of X and R. of the equivalent circuit at rated voltage.
Determine the value of the transformer turns ratio and the transformer iron losses.

5) Short Circuit Test:


Connection Diagram

Procedure:
1.Connect the circuit as shown in figure.
2.Increase Vi in steps from zero to the value, which circulates full load current in
both windings and take reading of P... I, and I, for each value of V₁.
3.Draw curves showing the relation between Vi, P. and I, as a function of 12.
4.Calculate the value of Xeq and Req and the value of the transformer copper
losses Exact at full load current.
5. Using the results of the open circuit and short circuit tests, draw the fequivalent
circuit of the transformer. refewed to primary secondary sides.

Determination of the load characteristic of the transformer:

Load Test:
Connection Diagram
2. Vary the load in steps and record the values of I, VI. P. I2 and V₂ for each step
3.For each load step calculate Pour and n of the transformer.

4.Calculate the regulation of the iransformer at full load from the test readings.
5.Compute the regulation of unity p.f using the results of the no load and short
circuit tests and compare the values obtained with those obtained in (4). Comment
on the difference. (Note: use the approximate equivalent circuit). 6.Plot curves of
Pins 1 and V2 against Pout

Discussion:

1.Comment on the shape of the curves you have obtained in the O.C test.
Open circuit test like normal test of magnetization which contain phase, knee and
saturation.

2.Comment on the shape of the curves you have obtained in the S.C test.
Linear shape because the decreasing of voltage until it can reach the rated current.

3.In dividing Req into r₁ and r, the resistances r₁ and r₁ are taken equal. Explain
why?
Because
4.In dividing Xq into X1 and XL1 the leakage reactance X1 and XL are taken
equal. Explain why?

5.Discuss the shape of the curves obtained in the load test.

6. Why should the S.C test carried at reduced voltage?


The rated current on the high voltage (hv) side of a transformer is less than the low
voltage (lv) side of the transformer.

7.Why is the knowledge of the iron losses and cupper loss of great importance for
transformers?
Because the knowledge of these two losses with tell us how much the efficiency of
transformer.

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