protection of transformers, primary and secondary circuits

n Protection of transformers n Protection of the secondary circuit

In accordance with the IEC EN 61558 standard, transformers must The secondary circuit must be protected against overload and short-
be protected against overload and short-circuit conditions which may circuit conditions. For overload, check that the protection rating
occur during normal operation. chosen is lower than or equal to the transformer secondary current.
For short-circuit, ensure that a short-circuit occurring at the furthest
The standard does not specify the type or location of the protective point of the circuit will trigger the protective device within 5 seconds.
device : it is the manufacturer’s responsibility to choose the most Legrand offers two possibilities :
suitable position, either on the primary or secondary side. The rating, • type gG cartridge fuses
type and location of the protective device are to be indicated on the • type C MCBs (with magnetic tripping set at 7 ln average)
device identification plate.
If the transformer only supplies a single circuit, and provided the
calculations show perfect compatibility, transformer protection (if on
n Protection of the primary and secondary circuits secondary) and circuit protection can be one and the same. A single
General protective device performs both functions (see table of transformer
protective devices).
Circuits must be protected against overload and short-circuit conditions. If the transformer supplies several circuits, overload and short-circuit
Protection against overload is compulsory if the circuit is likely to be calculations must be performed for each individual circuit. To check
affected by an overload current. This protection can be installed at the that the device chosen is suitable, an approximate minimum short-
supply source or end of the circuit. circuit value can be obtained using the following formula.
Protection against a short-circuit is compulsory in all installations ;
this protection has to be installed at the supply source of the circuit. n Formula for determining the secondary protection rating
Supply circuits (transformer primary) Calculate the minimum short-circuit at the furthest point on the circuit :
Us
The transformer is a device which cannot itself generate overload. Its I c/c min. = 2
supply circuit therefore only requires protection against a short-circuit.
When a transformer is energised, a very high inrush current (around P(
U s U c/c %
x
100
+
2ρl
S )
25 ln)1 is produced for approximately 10 ms. Us = transformer secondary voltage
When protecting the circuit, both factors must be considered. P = transformer power
Legrand offers three possibilities : U c/c % = transformer short-circuit voltage
• type aM cartridge fuses, I = line length in m
• type D MCBs (with magnetic tripping set at 12 ln average) S = line cross section in mm2
• type C MCBs (with magnetic tripping set at 7 ln average) ρ copper = 0·027 Ω mm2/m
Choose the protection rating so as to obtain a cut-off time of
Example : control transformer 630 VA - 230/24 V Cat. No. 0442 37 5 seconds max. for a current I c/c defined above :
In primary 2·74 A (VA ÷ V) s042715
type gG fuse : In ≤
I c/c min.
I inrush at power-up 68·5 A (25 x 2·74 A) 4
I c/c min.
Protection against a short-circuit can be provided by : type C MCB: In ≤
8
• type aM 6 A cartridge fuse
• type D 6 A MCBs Example : control transformer 630 VA - 230/24 V Cat. No. 0442 37
• type C 13 A MCBs - (16 A nearest UK)
2 x 1·52

n Primary protection 15 m
Transformer Operation
protection Circuit protection
Minimum protection rating for primary supply of the transformer : 25 A gG

Power 230 V single-phase 400 V single-phase 400 V three-phase

(VA) aM C D aM C D aM C D 24
fuse MCB MCB fuse MCB MCB fuse MCB MCB I c/c min. = = 44·42 A = Use either :
40
50
0·5
1
1
1 1
0·25
0·5
1
1
x(
242 3·3
630 100
+
1·5)
2 x 0·027 x 15

63 1 2 1 0·5 1 44·42 44·42

= 11·10 → gG fuse 10 A max. = 5·55 → C type MCB 5 A max.
100 1 3 1 1 2 1 4 8
150 2 6 2 1 3 1
n Secondary protection
160 2 6 2 1 3 1 1
200 2 6 3 1 3 2 Ratings and types of protective devices to be used for single phase
250 2 6 3 1 6 2 1 transformer protection according to VA rating and secondary voltage
Rated 24 V 48 V 110 V 230 V
300 4 10 6 2 6 2 power
400 4 10 6 2 6 2 2 (VA)
Fuse Curve Fuse Curve Fuse Curve Fuse Curve
C C C C
500 6 16 6 4 10 3 IEC/CSA A Type
MCB
A Type
MCB
A Type
MCB
A Type
MCB
630 6 16 6 4 10 3 2 6 2 40 2 T 1 T 400 m T 200 m T
750 8 16 10 6 10 6 2 6 3 50 2 T 2 1 T 1 500 m T 0·5 200 m T 0·2
1 000 10 20 10 6 16 6 4 10 3 63 3·15 T 1·6 T 630 m T 315 m T
1 250 10 25 16 6 20 10 4 10 6 100 4 gG 4 2 gG 2 1 gG 1 0·5 gG 0·5
1 500 10 32 16 10 20 10 4 16 6 150 6 gG 6 4 gG 4 2 gG 2 1 gG 1
1 600 10 32 16 10 20 10 6 16 6 160 8 gG 8 4 gG 4 2 gG 2 1 gG 1
2 000 12 40 16 10 25 10 200 8 gG 8 4 gG 4 2 gG 2 1 gG 1
2 500 16 50 20 10 32 16 6 20 10 250 10 gG 10 6 gG 6 2 gG 2 1 gG 1
3 000 16 50 32 12 40 20 300 12 gG 12 6 gG 6 4 gG 4 2 gG 2
3 500 20 50 32 16 40 20 400 16 gG 16 8 gG 8 4 gG 4 2 gG 2
4 000 20 80 32 16 50 20 10 32 16 500 20 gG 20 10 gG 10 6 gG 6 2 gG 2
5 000 25 100 40 16 63 25 12 32 16 630 25 gG 25 12 gG 12 6 gG 6 3 gG 3
These values are given for information only for transformers with inrush 750 gG 16 gG 16 8 gG 8 4 gG 4
currents of around 25 ln. 1 000 40 gG 40 20 gG 20 8 gG 8 4 gG 4
1 250 gG gG 12 gG 12 gG
1 500 gG gG 16 gG 13 8 gG 8
1 600 63 gG 63 32 gG 32 16 gG 13 8 gG 8
2 000 gG gG 20 gG 20 8 gG 8
2 500 100 gG 100 50 gG 50 20 gG 20 10 gG 10
3 000 gG gG 32 gG 32 gG
3 500 gG gG 32 gG 32 gG
4 000 gG gG 32 gG 32 16 gG 16
1 : In = nominal rating of circuit 5 000 gG gG 50 gG 50 gG

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 filtered power supplies
open type single phase

n Dimensions

B
F G
C G F
0470 23 0470 24 C A

Cat. Nos. 0470 01/02/03

04791-65791c.eps
Dimensions and technical information opposite and p. 97 and 0470 20/21/22/23 Cat. Nos. 0470 04/24/25
046925-4369c.eps

Filtered power supplies for PLCs and other equipment requiring a voltage A (mm) B (mm) C (mm) F x G (mm) Weight
Cat. Nos. Width Depth Height Fixing ctrs Ø (mm) (Kg)
of 12 V DC or 24 V DC
Include : 0470 01 68 98 88 DIN 4 – 1·00
• twin output terminals for ease of connection 0470 02 93 121 105 DIN 4 4·6 2·45
• safety transformer with interference filtration 0470 03 105 135 115 DIN 4 4·6 3·60
• fuse protection on output 0470 04 126 186 175 75 x 150 5·5 6·35
• green LED output voltage indicator
• capacitor in filtered range 0470 20 68 98 88 DIN 4 – 1·00
Supplied with a connection link for quick connection between - and T 0470 21 68 98 88 DIN 4 – 1·00
up to 15 A 0470 22 93 121 105 DIN 4 4·6 2·45
Fixing options : 0470 23 105 135 115 DIN 4 4·6 3·60
- clip directly to DIN rail up to 24 W In d ice p r o t ect io0470
n - 1061s
24 126 186 175 75 x 150 5·5 6·40
- clip on or screw fixing up to 120 W
- screw fixing only above 120 W 0470 25 126 206 175 75 x 150 5·5 7·60

Pack Cat. Nos. Single phase filtered n Technical information

=
12 V output
230-400 V ± 15 V± (input) / 12 V= (output) Conform to IEC / EN 61558-2-6, UL 60950
CAN/CSA C22.2 N° 60 950.00
Terminal capacity (mm ) 2

Power Current rating Flexible cable Products are compatible with EN 61131-2, EN 60204 and
(W) (A) Input Output EN 61439 apparatus

= ± =
1 0470 01 12 1 6 6 Input voltage : 230/400 V ±15 V single phase 50/60 Hz - Class I
1 0470 02 30 2·5 6 6 Output voltage : 12 V or 24 V
1 0470 03 60 5 6 6 Insulation voltage : Input/Output 4 510 V
1 0470 04 120 10 6 6 Input/Earth 2 260 V
=
24 V output Output/Earth 500 V
230-400 V ± 15 V± (input) / 24 V= (output) Max. ambient temperature without derating : 60 °C
Ripple factor : <3 %
Terminal capacity (mm2)
Power Current rating Flexible cable Cooling by natural convection
(W) (A) Input Output Integral fuse protection on output
1 0470 20 12 0·5 6 6 Can be fixed to symmetrical rail 4
7·5 mm or 15 mm depth EN 60715
1 0470 21 24 1 6 6 Screw fix only Cat. Nos. 0470 04/24 and 25
1 0470 22 60 2·5 6 6 Screw fix or clip on to DIN rail Cat. Nos. 0470 02/03/22 and 23
1 0470 23 120 5 6 6 Supplied with a connection link for quick connection between terminals
1 0470 24 240 10 6 6 and earth
1 0470 25 360 15 6 6 Note : To conform to UL, product must be mounted in the vertical
position (mounting against support) for Class A ambient
temperature rating 25 °C
046901-6825s.eps
n Operating diagram
Operating current up to 15 A
400 V

230 V

-15 V

+15 V

+
+

DX3 MCBs p. 56-57

Fuses p. 76-77

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 Download the full file at

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0protection%20catalogue.pdf