EX-s Series GigE

Digital Microwave Radios

Installation and Management Guide

FCC Models: ETSI/ITU Models:

1000F IDU 1000E IDU
8-1000F IDU 8-1000E IDU
DS3/8-1000F IDU 16-1000E IDU
DS3/16-1000F IDU 2STM1/4-1000E IDU
4DS3/4-1000F IDU 6, 7, 8, 13, 15, 18, 23, 26, and
2OC3/4-1000F IDU 38GHz ODUs
6, 11, 18, 23, 28, and
38GHz ODUs

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Legal Notice
The information contained herein is the property of Exalt Communications, Inc. (“Exalt”) and is
supplied without liability for errors or omissions. No part of this document may be reproduced, in any
form, except as authorized by contract or other written permission from the owner.
Any brand names and product names included in this manual are trademarks, registered trademarks, or
trade names of their respective holders.
The contents of this document are current as of the date of publication. Exalt reserves the right to
change the contents without prior notice.
The publication of information in this document does not imply freedom from patent or other rights of
Exalt or others.

© 2012 Exalt Communications Inc. All rights reserved.

The Exalt logo is a trademark of Exalt Communications, Inc.

Open-Source License Information

Per the terms of your Exalt Limited Hardware Warranty, Software License, and RMA Procedures
Agreement with Exalt Communications, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries, certain Third Party Software may
be provided with and as part of the Exalt products provided to you, and any such Third Party Software
files provided are governed by the terms of their separate Third Party Licenses, which licenses give
you at least the license rights licensed to you in the Exalt End User Agreement and may give you
additional license rights as to the Third Party Software, but only with respect to the particular Third
Party Software to which the Third Party License applies.
The Exalt Products may include or be bundled with some or all of the following third party software.
Copies of the copyright notices and license agreements for any or all of these may be requested by
contacting Exalt support at email: support@exaltcom.com.
Open Source Code License Agreement Website
Embedded Linux - OS Boot Code. Both licensed under GPL www.gnu.org www.sourceforge.net
U-Boot Version 3
Busy Box Linux Commands. Licensed under www.gnu.org and www.busybox.net
GPL Version 2
Scew Expat Wrapper. Licensed under www.gnu.org
LGPL Version 3
OpenSSL SSL Web Access. Licensed under www.openssl.org
dual license
Net-SNMP SNMP Agent. Licensed under
NetSNMP (see Copyright Notices)
Dropbear SSH 2 Server; Expat - XML Parser; www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-
BarelyFitz – Java Script Tabifier; and license.php
Flotr – Java Script Plotting Library.
All four are licensed under MIT
License
GoAhead Webserver Licensed under GoAhead License www.goahead.com
Agreement

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Table of Contents
Legal Notice............................................................................................................................. ii
Open-Source License Information........................................................................................... ii
List of Figures ......................................................................................................................... vi
List of Tables ......................................................................................................................... vii
About this Document ............................................................................................................ viii
Revision History .......................................................................................................... viii
Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 1
The EX-s Series GigE..................................................................................................... 1
Pre-installation Tasks............................................................................................................... 6
Link Engineering and Site Planning ............................................................................... 6
Familiarization with the EX-s Series GigE Radios ........................................................ 6
Shipping Box Contents ........................................................................................... 7
Initial Configuration and Back-to-Back Bench Test ...................................................... 7
RF Output Power Setting ................................................................................................ 8
General Radio Configuration.......................................................................................... 9
System Installation and Initiation Process ............................................................................. 10
Record Keeping ............................................................................................................ 11
Installation ............................................................................................................................. 12
Mechanical Configuration and Mounting..................................................................... 12
Rack Mounting the IDU ....................................................................................... 12
Mounting the Outdoor Unit (ODU) ...................................................................... 13
Table or Rack Shelf Mounting the System ........................................................... 14
Radio Ports and Indicators ............................................................................................ 14
Connector Overview ............................................................................................. 14
LED Indicators...................................................................................................... 15
DS3 Grounding Switches...................................................................................... 17
Front Panel Button ................................................................................................ 17
Power ............................................................................................................................ 18
The TO ODU Connector....................................................................................... 18
AC Power.............................................................................................................. 18
DC Power.............................................................................................................. 19
Reset to Critical Factory Settings ......................................................................... 20
Coaxial Cabling between IDU and ODU ..................................................................... 21
Lightning and Surge Protection for the IDU/ODU Cable .................................... 22
Antenna/Transmission System ..................................................................................... 22
Initial Antenna Mounting...................................................................................... 22
Installing the IDU-to-ODU Cable......................................................................... 23
Antenna Alignment....................................................................................................... 24
Configuration and Management ............................................................................................ 26
Command Line Interface (CLI) .................................................................................... 26
Connect to the Radio with a Serial Connection .................................................... 26
Telnet into the Command Line Interface (CLI)............................................................ 26
Connect to the Radio in a Telnet Session ............................................................. 26
Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI)........................................................................... 27
Preparing to Connect ............................................................................................ 27
Log In.................................................................................................................... 27

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Login Privileges .................................................................................................... 28

Quick Start .................................................................................................................... 29
Navigating the GUI....................................................................................................... 30
Summary Status Section ....................................................................................... 30
Navigation Panel................................................................................................... 31
Radio Information Page ................................................................................................ 32
Administration Settings Page........................................................................................ 33
NTP and Time Zone Configurations ............................................................................ 35
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Configuration.................................. 36
SNMP v1/v2c/v3 Support Options ....................................................................... 36
SNMP Traps ......................................................................................................... 37
File Transfer Page ......................................................................................................... 39
File Activation Page...................................................................................................... 42
Access Security Page .................................................................................................... 43
System Configuration Page .......................................................................................... 45
Allocation Page............................................................................................................. 48
Ethernet Interface Configuration Page ......................................................................... 49
T1/E1 Configuration Pages........................................................................................... 52
T1 Interface Configuration Page........................................................................... 52
E1, DS3, OC3, and STM1 Configuration Pages................................................... 53
Loopback .............................................................................................................. 53
MHS/Diversity Configuration Page.............................................................................. 55
Ethernet Rate Limiting Page......................................................................................... 56
Ethernet Learning Page................................................................................................. 57
VLAN Configuration Page ........................................................................................... 58
Ethernet Aggregation Page ........................................................................................... 60
QoS Configuration Page ............................................................................................... 61
Cross Connect (X Connect) Page ................................................................................. 64
ATPC Configuration Page ............................................................................................ 65
Alarms Page .................................................................................................................. 66
MHS/Diversity Status Page .......................................................................................... 69
Performance Page ......................................................................................................... 70
ATPC Statistics Page .................................................................................................... 73
Event Log Page ............................................................................................................. 74
Diagnostic Charts Page ................................................................................................. 75
QoS Charts Page ........................................................................................................... 77
Transmit Mute Page...................................................................................................... 79
Reboot Page .................................................................................................................. 80
Manual Page ................................................................................................................. 81
Specifications......................................................................................................................... 82
Physical Specifications ................................................................................................. 82
Common System Specifications ................................................................................... 83
FCC Lower 6GHz Specifications ................................................................................. 84
FCC Upper 6GHz Specifications.................................................................................. 85
FCC 11GHz Specifications........................................................................................... 86
FCC 18GHz Specifications........................................................................................... 87
FCC 23GHz Specifications........................................................................................... 88

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FCC 28GHz Specifications........................................................................................... 89

FCC 38GHz Specifications........................................................................................... 90
ETSI/ITU 6GHz Specifications .................................................................................... 91
ETSI/ITU 7GHz Specifications .................................................................................... 92
ETSI/ITU 8GHz Specifications .................................................................................... 93
ETSI/ITU 13GHz Specifications .................................................................................. 94
ETSI/ITU 15GHz Specifications .................................................................................. 95
ETSI/ITU 18GHz Specifications .................................................................................. 96
ETSI/ITU 23GHz Specifications .................................................................................. 97
ETSI/ITU 26GHz Specifications .................................................................................. 98
ETSI/ITU 38GHz Specifications .................................................................................. 99
Interfaces..................................................................................................................... 100
Interface Connections .......................................................................................................... 102
T1/E1 Connections ..................................................................................................... 102
Ethernet Connections .................................................................................................. 102
Alarm Connector......................................................................................................... 103
AUX Connector .......................................................................................................... 104
DC Power Connector .................................................................................................. 104
Antennas and Related Equipment........................................................................................ 105
Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................... 111
General Practices ........................................................................................................ 111
Typical Indications of Issues ...................................................................................... 112
Multipath Propagation ................................................................................................ 113
RF Interference ........................................................................................................... 113
Path Obstruction ......................................................................................................... 114
Misaligned Antenna .................................................................................................... 114
Faulty Antenna............................................................................................................ 114
Improper Grounding ................................................................................................... 114
Insufficient Link Margin............................................................................................. 114
Bench Testing ...................................................................................................................... 115
Over-the-Air Basic Test.............................................................................................. 115
Back-to-Back Bench Test ........................................................................................... 116
Specification Performance Verification...................................................................... 117
General Compliance and Safety .......................................................................................... 119
Safety Notices ...................................................................................................................... 120
Regulatory Notices .............................................................................................................. 121
United States Compliance........................................................................................... 121
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), United States ............................ 121
Canada Compliance .................................................................................................... 122
Industry Canada (IC), Canada ............................................................................ 122
Regulatory Compliance ....................................................................................................... 123
Licensing.............................................................................................................................. 124
United States ............................................................................................................... 124
Canada ........................................................................................................................ 124
Exalt Limited Hardware Warranty ...................................................................................... 125
Copyright Notices ................................................................................................................ 130
Index .................................................................................................................................... 134

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List of Figures
Figure 1: EX-s Series GigE Digital Microwave Radio IDU — Model DS3/8-1000F ...........................1
Figure 2: EX-s Series GigE Digital Microwave Radio ODU — 2 Types ..............................................2
Figure 3: Indoor mounted IDU interconnection with Direct-Mount ODU ............................................4
Figure 4: Indoor mounted IDU interconnection with Remote-Mounted ODU ......................................4
Figure 5: Radio installation tasks .........................................................................................................10
Figure 6: Front flush mount configuration ...........................................................................................12
Figure 7: Front projection mount configuration ...................................................................................12
Figure 8: Rear-mount locations ............................................................................................................13
Figure 9: ODU—waveguide slot ..........................................................................................................13
Figure 10: ODU— remote mount with flexible waveguide .................................................................13
Figure 11: EX-s Series IDU front panel — model DS3/8-1000F ........................................................14
Figure 12: DC connectors – 48V and +/- 20-60V versions ..................................................................20
Figure 13: Round and elliptical ODU models ......................................................................................24
Figure 14: CLI main menu ...................................................................................................................27
Figure 15: Initiating the browser connection ........................................................................................28
Figure 16: Browser Login screens–model dependent ..........................................................................28
Figure 17: Radio Information page .......................................................................................................29
Figure 18: Exalt GUI window description ............................................................................................30
Figure 19: Summary status information ...............................................................................................31
Figure 20: Radio Information page .......................................................................................................32
Figure 21: Administration Settings page ..............................................................................................33
Figure 22: NTP and Time Zone Configurations page ..........................................................................35
Figure 23: SNMP Configuration page ..................................................................................................36
Figure 24: Trap Configuration page .....................................................................................................37
Figure 25: File Transfer page ...............................................................................................................39
Figure 26: File Transfer page—download file link ..............................................................................40
Figure 27: File Activation page ............................................................................................................42
Figure 28: Access Security page ...........................................................................................................43
Figure 29: System Configuration page .................................................................................................45
Figure 30: Allocation page ...................................................................................................................48
Figure 31: Ethernet Interface Configuration page ................................................................................49
Figure 32: Ethernet Interface Configuration page–Out-of-Band Management ....................................50
Figure 33: T1 Interface Configuration page .........................................................................................52
Figure 34: External (remote) loopback .................................................................................................53
Figure 35: External (local) loopback ....................................................................................................53
Figure 36: Internal loopback .................................................................................................................54
Figure 37: MHS/Diversity Configuration page ....................................................................................55
Figure 38: Ethernet Rate Limiting page ...............................................................................................56
Figure 39: Ethernet Learning page .......................................................................................................57
Figure 40: VLAN Configuration page ..................................................................................................58
Figure 41: Ethernet Aggregation page ..................................................................................................60
Figure 42: QoS Configuration page ......................................................................................................61
Figure 43: QoS Configuration page–Queue tab ...................................................................................62
Figure 44: Cross Connect (X Connect) page ........................................................................................64
Figure 45: ATPC Configuration page ...................................................................................................65
Figure 46: Alarms page ........................................................................................................................66
Figure 47: MHS/Diversity Status page .................................................................................................69
Figure 48: Performance page–no MHS/SD/FD ....................................................................................70
Figure 49: Performance page–MHS/SD/FD enabled ...........................................................................72

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Figure 50: ATPC Statistics page .......................................................................................................... 73

Figure 51: Event Log page ................................................................................................................... 74
Figure 52: Diagnostic Charts page ....................................................................................................... 75
Figure 53: QoS Charts page ................................................................................................................. 77
Figure 54: Transmit Mute page ............................................................................................................ 79
Figure 55: Reboot page ........................................................................................................................ 80
Figure 56: Manual page ....................................................................................................................... 81
Figure 57: T1/E1 connectors .............................................................................................................. 102
Figure 58: Ethernet connectors .......................................................................................................... 102
Figure 59: Alarm Connector .............................................................................................................. 103
Figure 60: AUX Connector ................................................................................................................ 104
Figure 61: DC Power Connector — floating 48V version and wide-mouth +/- 20–60V version ..... 104
Figure 62: Bench back-to-back test configuration ............................................................................. 117

List of Tables
Table 1: Factory default settings ............................................................................................................ 9
Table 2: Connectors ............................................................................................................................. 14
Table 3: LED indicators ....................................................................................................................... 15
Table 4: Default login information ...................................................................................................... 28
Table 5: Alarm status indicators .......................................................................................................... 66
Table 6: Additional alarm status indicators ......................................................................................... 67
Table 7: Recommended 6GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled) ........................... 105
Table 8: Recommended ETSI/ITU 7GHz & 8GHz antennas (circular waveguide, direct-coupled) . 105
Table 9: Recommended 11GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled) ......................... 105
Table 10: Recommended ETSI/ITU 13GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled) ...... 106
Table 11: Recommended ETSI/ITU 15GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled) ...... 106
Table 12: Recommended 18GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled) ....................... 106
Table 13: Recommended 23GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled) ....................... 107
Table 14: Recommended 23GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled) ....................... 107
Table 15: Recommended FCC 28GHz antennas (circular waveguide, direct-coupled) .................... 108
Table 16: Remote Mount Solutions ................................................................................................... 108
Table 17: Flexible waveguides ........................................................................................................... 108
Table 18: Monitored Hot Standby (MHS) Couplers .......................................................................... 109
Table 19: Additional Waveguide Items ............................................................................................. 110
Table 20: Product Approvals ............................................................................................................. 123

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About this Document

This manual provides a complete description of the EX-s Series GigE and related software. This
manual provides planners, engineers, installers, system administrators, and technicians general and
specific information related to the planning, installation, operation, management, and maintenance of
these devices.

Revision History

Date Products and Release code

2009-06-29 DS3/8-1000F IDU with 6, 11, 18, and 23GHz FCC ODUs (initial release)
2009-11-24 Added all FCC and ETSI IDUs/ODUs; new feature release v1.1.x., includes MHS/SD and capacity
aggregation
2011-04-05 New feature release 2.0.0, includes Adaptive Modulation, QoS, Cross-Connect & Frequency Diversity
2011-12-22 New feature release 2.1.0 (for 2OC3/4-1000F and 4DS3/4-1000F models), includes Port-to-Port and
Repeater/Hub
2012-02-07 28GHz FCC release
2013-06-19 New feature release 2.2.0, includes Transmit Mute, NTP, Access Security, Flow Control on Ethernet,
ATPC, HTTPS, SSH, 26GHz ODU support, and EULA
Icons
The following icons denote specific types of information:

Note: This symbol means take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to
materials not contained in the manual.
Warning! This symbol means there is a risk of electric shock or bodily injury. Before
working on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be
familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents.

Caution! This symbol means be careful. There is a risk of doing something that might
result in equipment damage or loss of data. This is a general warning, caution, or risk of
danger.

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Introduction
Exalt Communications, Inc. thanks you for your purchase. Our goal is to build the highest quality,
highest reliability digital microwave radio products. This commitment to quality and reliability
extends to our employees and partners alike. We appreciate any comments on how we can improve our
products, as well as your sales and Customer Care experience.

Customer Care Hotline (USA): (408) 871-9890

Toll-Free Customer Care Hotline (USA): (877) EXALT-01 (392-5801)
Direct-Dial Telephone (USA): (408) 871-1804
Website: www.exaltcom.com
Sales e-mail: sales@exaltcom.com
Customer Care e-mail: support@exaltcom.com
Mailing Address: Exalt Communications, Inc.
580 Division St.
Campbell, CA 95008
USA

Related Documentation and Software

This manual makes reference to other documentation and software files that may be necessary. To
access all documents and software mentioned in this manual visit:
http://login.exaltcom.com
You must have a user account to view all downloads. Follow the online instructions to create a user
account and request access.

The EX-s Series GigE

The EX-s Series GigE are the most advanced carrier-class point-to-point terrestrial radio
communications devices operating in the FCC and ITU licensed bands. A link is made up of two
endpoints, each with an Indoor Unit (IDU) and an Outdoor Unit (ODU). Figure 1 shows the EX-s
Series GigE Digital Microwave Radio, indoor unit (IDU).

Figure 1 EX-s Series GigE Digital Microwave Radio IDU — Model DS3/8-1000F
Figure 2 shows two versions of the EX-s Series GigE Digital Microwave Radio outdoor unit (ODU).

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Figure 2 EX-s Series GigE Digital Microwave Radio ODU — 2 Types

The ODU directly connects to certain antennas or can be remotely mounted with a short flexible
waveguide jumper to any antenna with a waveguide connector. See Antennas and Related Equipment
for a list of Exalt approved antennas.
The EX-s Series GigE radios connect voice and/or digital data from one location to another, obviating
the need for copper or fiber connectivity, or enhancing existing connectivity by providing a
redundancy solution, a primary solution, and/or additional capacity.
The following IDU models are covered in this manual:
• 1000F (4xGbE, –48VDC)
– Configured with 50Mbps full-duplex Ethernet
– With license key upgrades for 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300Mbps full-duplex
• 8-1000F (8xT1/E1 + 4xGbE, –48VDC)
– Configured with 50 Mbps full-duplex Ethernet and 4xT1/E1
– With license key upgrades for 100, 200 and 300 Mbps full-duplex
– With license key upgrade for 8xT1/E1
• DS3/8-1000F (1xDS3 + 8xT1/E1 + 4xGbE, –48VDC)
– Configured with 50Mbps full-duplex Ethernet
– With license key upgrades for 100, 200 and 300 Mbps full-duplex
– With license key upgrades for 4xT1/E1, 8xT1/E1, and 1xDS3
• DS3-16-1000F (1xDS3 + 16xT1/E1 + 4xGbE, +/–20 to 60VDC)
– Configured with 50Mbps full-duplex Ethernet
– With license key upgrades for 100, 200 and 300 Mbps full-duplex
– With license key upgrades for 4xT1/E1, 8xT1/E1, 12xT1/E1, 16xT1/E1 and 1xDS3
• 4DS3/4-1000F (4xDS3 + 4xT1/E1 + 2xGbE, +/–20 to 60VDC)
– Configured with 50Mbps full-duplex Ethernet and 1xDS3
– With license key upgrades for 100, 200 and 300 Mbps full-duplex
– With license key upgrades for 4xT1/E1, 2xDS3, 3xDS3, and 4xDS3
• OC3/4-1000F (1xOC3 +4xT1/E1 + 2xGbE, +/–20 to 60VDC)
– Configured with 200Mbps full-duplex Ethernet and 1xOC3
– With license key upgrades for 100, 200 and 300 Mbps full-duplex

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– With license key upgrade for 4xT1/E1

• 2OC3/4-100OF (2xOC3 + 4xT1/E1 + 2xGbE, +/–20 to 60VDC)
– Configured with 200Mbps full-duplex Ethernet and 1xOC3
– With license key upgrades for 100, 200 and 300 Mbps full-duplex
– With license key upgrades for 4xT1/E1 and 2xOC3
The following models of ODUs are covered within this manual:
• 6GHz Lower FCC/6GHz Upper FCC • 6GHz ESTI/ITU • 23GHz ESTI/ITU
• 11GHz FCC • 7GHz ESTI/ITU • 38GHz ESTI/ITU
• 18GHz FCC • 8GHz ESTI/ITU
• 23GHz FCC • 13GHz ESTI/ITU
• 28GHz FCC • 15GHz ESTI/ITU
• 38GHz FCC • 18GHz ESTI/ITU

Note: Not all software features mentioned in this document are enabled on all radios with the
current firmware releases. Please note the revision history in the front section of the manual
and check the Exalt website download section to verify the most recent firmware release
available for your product.

Generally, the EX-s Series GigE models require a clear line-of-sight and proper path clearance to
achieve a high-performance, reliable connection. Perform professional path engineering and site
planning BEFORE installing this equipment.
The primary focus of this document is the installation and maintenance of the digital microwave radio,
and assumes that path engineering and site planning has already been performed.
All IDUs are compatible with all ODUs. In most countries these frequency bands are considered
‘licensed.’ This means that some form of frequency coordination and/or licensing/registration is
necessary for the legal use of the product. There may be limitations on classifications/types/sizes of
antennas, effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP), specific frequency pairs, antenna polarization, and
other aspects of the link.
The link design engineer and/or professional installer must determine the legal requirements
and limitations and engineer/install the system within the confines of all local regulations. Also, it
is required that any regulations that may apply to peripheral equipment, installation, and cabling of the
system that may be regulated for human safety, electrical code, air-traffic control, and other safety-
related categories be examined and complied with.
In almost all cases, the product itself must be authorized for use in your country. Either Exalt or Exalt’s
agent must have applied for certification or authorization to allow the sale and/or deployment of the
system within the country. It is also possible that only certain versions or configurations of the device
are allowed within a particular country. Please contact Exalt or your authorized Exalt representative
for information pertaining to your country.

Note: It is the professional installer’s responsibility to ensure that the radio system is
implemented in a legal fashion. Exalt is not liable for any unsafe or illegal installations.

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Basic Features
The EX-s Series GigE digital microwave radios IDUs are single integrated units intended for all-
indoor or enclosure-based mounting. The associated ODU and antenna is typically mounted on a tower
or rooftop mast structure with coaxial cabling running from the ODU location, with an egress through
the structure or enclosure, with proper lightning suppression and grounding, to the TO ODU connector
of the IDU. In turn, the communications interfaces and power connections are directly applied to the
IDU, or in some cases, also with an egress through the structure or radio enclosure with proper
lightning or surge-suppression devices and associated grounding.

Figure 3 Indoor mounted IDU interconnection with Direct-Mount ODU

Figure 4 Indoor mounted IDU interconnection with Remote-Mounted ODU

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If using the remote-mount ODU solution, for highest performance and reliability, it is advised to
minimize the length and associated losses of the flexible waveguide jumper between the remote mount
and the antenna.
Individual IDU models provide connection combinations of these data communication interfaces:
• Up to 2x 10/100/1000BaseT Ethernet ports
• Up to 2xSFP ports, which accept fiber or copper GbE GBICs (number and types of Ethernet
interfaces is determined by model)
• Up to 16xT1/E1 interfaces for synchronous voice traffic (number of TDM interfaces is determined
by model and license-key configuration)
• Up to 3xDS3 interfaces for synchronous voice traffic (number of TDM interfaces is determined by
model and license-key configuration)
• Up to 2xOC3 interfaces for synchronous voice traffic (number of TDM interfaces is determined by
model and license-key configuration)
Depending on model, the IDUs either feature a –48VDC floating power connection or a wide mouth
direct DC connection (±20 to 60V) that can be used with an external AC adapter (sold separately). All
models provide the following primary features and benefits:
• Low-latency optimization and control for voice and data connections
• Very high throughput and flexible interface configurations with voice+data combinations
• Encryption for extreme wireless security
• Easy-to-use management and configuration
• Software-controlled channel bandwidth
• Software-controlled center frequency tuning for easier frequency coordination

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Pre-installation Tasks
This section describes the steps necessary to prepare a site for the installation of the Exalt Digital
Microwave Radio.

Link Engineering and Site Planning

Design all terrestrial wireless links prior to purchase and installation. Generally, professional wireless
engineering personnel are engaged to determine the viability and requirements for a well-engineered
link to meet users’ needs for performance and reliability.
The reader is referred to the ExaltCalc path calculator and online Path Profiler. The calculator and
profiler aid in the pre-planning and engineering required to determine the following attributes:
• Antenna type/gain at each end of the link
• Antenna mounting height/location for proper path clearance
• Antenna polarization orientation
• Waveguide and Remote ODU mounting, if any
• IDU/ODU cabling type, length, connectors, route, and mounting
• Antenna system grounding
• IDU/ODU Cable lightning arrestor type(s), location(s), and grounding
• Radio mounting location and mechanisms
• Radio grounding
• Radio transmitter output power setting
• Anticipated received signal level (RSL) at each end
• Anticipated fade margin and availability performance at each end
• Anticipated throughput performance (TDM circuit support and Ethernet)
With respect to radio path and site planning, these radios are generally identical to other microwave
terrestrial wireless systems. Engineering of these systems requires specific knowledge about the
radios, including:
• RF specifications (transmitter output power, receiver threshold, occupied channel bandwidth, and
carrier-to-interference tolerance)
• Regulatory limitations on transmitter output power setting and antenna type/gain/polarization

Familiarization with the EX-s Series GigE Radios

The EX-s Series GigE radios utilize frequency division duplex (FDD) radio transmission. This means
that the transmitted signal in each direction uses a different center frequency, separated by a fixed
Transmit/Receive spacing. As such, there is a designated ODU for the ‘High’ transmitter frequency,
and a matching paired ODU for the ‘Low’ center frequency. Generally, the licensing/coordination
agency will designate which transmitter should be installed at which end of the link. The IDUs are
independent of frequency and may be interchanged at either end of the link.
The frequency pair is controlled by the IDU and the tunable frequency range is determined by the
ODU that is connected. For some frequency bands, there is more than one ODU pair to cover the entire

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band, so each ODU pair may be limited to tune only over a portion of the band. Exalt recommends
using the Exalt GUI for radio configuration of the frequency and other parameters. This interface
requires a computer with an Ethernet port and web browser software, such as Microsoft Internet
Explorer 5.0 or above. See Configuration and Management for details on how to connect to and use the
browser-based GUI interface.

Shipping Box Contents

A complete link or hop consists of two ODUs (one high, one low) and two IDUs.
The ODUs are individually boxed and ready to install onto a direct-mount antenna or remote mounting
bracket.
The IDUs are individually boxed, each box contains the following items:
• Indoor unit (IDU)
• Accessory kit:
– Rack mount flanges
– Flange mounting hardware (4 x M4 screws; 4 x M4 wave washers)
– DC power connector (1)
– Grounding hardware (1 x M5 screw; 1 x M5 wave washer; 2 x M5 flat washers)
• Quick start guide
• Product registration card
Inspect the outer packaging and the contents of the boxes upon receipt. If you suspect any shipping
damage or issues with the contents, contact Exalt Customer Care.

Note: Register your system as soon as possible. A 2-year Warranty period applies to products
registered within 90 days of purchase. The Warranty period is reduced to 1-year for
unregistered products and products registered after the first 90 days. See Exalt Limited
Hardware Warranty.

Initial Configuration and Back-to-Back Bench Test

Every Exalt digital microwave radio goes through extensive quality testing and performance
evaluation over the full operating temperature range prior to shipment. However, before installation, it
is strongly advised to perform several tests and tasks that are much more difficult to perform once the
radio link endpoints are distant from one another. A back-to-back bench test and pre-configuration
review provides confidence that the radio link is operational and properly configured prior to
installation, so that if troubleshooting is necessary, the radio hardware and configuration settings are
eliminated from the troubleshooting process. Verify the following in the back-to-back testing:
• Confirm that the radio system is generally operational
– Radios power-up with planned power and wiring solutions
– RF link connects in both directions
– Traffic passes across the link

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• Configure connected equipment and cabling

– Test Ethernet (CAT5e) cabling, and/or TDM (T1/E1, DS3, OC3) cabling, any auxiliary
connector cabling and configure all interfaces
– Configure IP settings for configuration and management
– Configure passwords and security modes
– Become familiar with the configuration and management interfaces through the Exalt GUI
interface
– Configure radio parameters, including installing any optional software license keys and
configuring features controlled by license keys
– Set transmitter output power to engineered or allowed level (see RF Output Power Setting)
– Set operating center frequency
– Set occupied channel bandwidth
• Make detailed radio performance measurements
– Measure transmitter output power
– Measure receiver threshold performance
– Confirm unfaded error-free performance
Some of these tasks may not be possible or practical within a bench test environment due to the nature
of the remote connectivity of peripheral equipment. However, it is good practice to perform as much as
possible in this environment to minimize field/installation time and troubleshooting efforts.
Detailed performance measurements are usually not required for pre-installation, but can be easily
performed at this stage and may be helpful for later troubleshooting efforts or for internal records.
During troubleshooting, there may often be a point at which a back-to-back bench test should be
performed to verify many or all of the above items, and in the case of a suspected faulty device, to help
confirm the fault and determine which end of the system is at fault and in need of repair or
replacement.

Note: See Bench Testing for detailed instructions.

RF Output Power Setting

The maximum RF output power is bounded by one of the following criteria:
• Maximum RF output power setting capability of the radio device
• Maximum RF output power allowed/authorized by the local government regulations and for each
specific device
• Maximum effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of the transmission system allowed/
authorized by the local government regulations and for each specific device
• Desired RSL to not exceed the maximum RSL allowed by the device

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Note: In some cases the radio must be pre-configured at or below legal maximum output
power before connecting to the antenna and transmission system. Instructions for adjusting
the output power can also be found in RF Output Power Setting.

General Radio Configuration

Table 1 Factory default settings
Parameter Description

Link Security Key 000000000000

Administration password
User Password* password
IP Address 10.0.0.1
IP Mask 255.0.0.0
IP Gateway 0.0.0.0
Ethernet Interfaces Enabled, Auto-negotiate
Ethernet Management In-Band
TDM Settings Disabled

Note: Disable all TDM ports if there are no TDM interfaces connected. This shifts all
available throughput to the Ethernet interface.
In many cases, the system design will not be identical to the factory default configuration and
in some cases, these differences prohibit the installation of the radio. If possible, obtain a
computer and configure the radio terminals using the Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI).

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System Installation and Initiation Process

The tasks required for radio installation and initiation are outlined in the following figure.

Transmission System Tasks Radio Preparation Tasks

Read This
Path & Site
Manual
Analysis
Completely

Pre-configure
Link Design
Radios

Build Antenna Perform

and Radio
Structures &
Back-to-Back
Egress Test

Install & Test

Network &
Power Wiring

Both Transmission
System & Radio
Preparation Tasks Must
Be Complete

Mount Antennas,
ODUs (& waveguide,
if necessary)

Connect IDU/ODU
cable and Lightning
arrestors

Mount IDU, connect

IDU/ODU cable and
apply power to IDU

Align Antennas to
Planned RSL

Verify Alarms &

Performance

Test Network
Connectivity

Connect & Test

Primary Services

Test Network
Management
System

Figure 5 Radio installation tasks

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Record Keeping
After installation, record the following items for ongoing maintenance and future troubleshooting.
Keep a record for each end of the radio link and store a copy of these records at the radio location, at
the opposite end radio location, and a central record storage location.
• GPS coordinates for antenna locations at each site
• Antenna heights above ground level (AGL), as mounted
• Antenna model numbers, serial numbers, and specifications
• Antenna polarization, as mounted
• Length and type of waveguide, if any, at each site
• Model number and serial number of lightning arrestors
• Length and types of IDU/ODU cables
• Transmitter output power setting as installed at each site
• RSL, as measured after antenna alignment at each site
• Designed RSL per original design at each site
• RSL reading with far-end power off (from each end)
• Spectrum analyzer plot with far-end power off at each site
• Radio’s network management IP address at each site
• Radio’s network management gateway address at each site
• Radio’s operating frequency, bandwidth setting, and mode of operation
• Optionally purchased extended warranty and/or emergency service contract details
In addition, certain information may be desired for central record keeping only:
• Link security codes, License Keys, log in passwords, and (optional) AES security strings (stored in
a secure place)
• Photographs of complete installation
• End-user sign-off/acceptance documentation (if any)
• Photos of product identification labels (part number, serial number) for IDU, ODU, and antenna
• Electronic copy of radio’s configuration file
• Electronic copy of radio’s installed software

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Installation
This section presents all tasks required to install the Exalt Digital Microwave Radio.

Mechanical Configuration and Mounting

The EX-s Series GigE IDUs are one-piece designs intended for deployment in a telecom equipment
rack indoors or in an appropriate environmental enclosure. The device must be deployed within an
ambient temperature range as specified, and properly ventilated with no obstructions to the air intake
and exhaust. The IDUs occupy 1 rack unit (1RU = 1.75"/4.5cm) height in a typical telecom rack.
In most cases, additional racked equipment can be placed directly above and/or below the device with
no empty spaces in the rack. However, depending on power consumption and ventilation for adjoining
devices, they may pass heat to the device, not allowing the radio to cool properly and increasing the
risk of malfunction. Heat dissipation from the radio may also affect adjoining devices. Provide air
space above and below the device, where possible. If not possible, a thermal analysis may be required
by a professional engineer to determine the impact of thermal transfer between all adjoining units.
Provide proper clearance for all cables and connectors attached to the device. Notably, the IDU/ODU
cable connector may require clearance for the bend radius of the coaxial cable assembly. Use a
properly specified 90º RF connector to meet demanding clearance requirements, which may be
necessary in enclosure implementations. The ODU/IDU connection carries signals from 0 to 500MHz
and also DC voltage.

Rack Mounting the IDU

Rack mounting hardware for a standard 19" (48cm) rack is included in the accessory kit. Attach the
rack mounting brackets to the sides of the unit with the provided screws. The IDU can be mounted in
one of four configurations:
• Front flush mount (front panel even with the rack mounting surface)

Figure 6 Front flush mount configuration

• Front projection mount (front panel extended forward from the rack mounting surface)

Figure 7 Front projection mount configuration

• Rear flush mount (rear panel even with the rack mounting surface)
• Rear projection mount (rear panel extended forward from the rack mounting surface)

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Figure 8 Rear-mount locations

Note: Screws for attaching the radio to the telecom rack are not provided; use the appropriate
screw type that matches the equipment rack.

Mounting the Outdoor Unit (ODU)

The ODU mounts directly to the antenna using the integrated friction clips. Exalt specifies the proper
antennas from several vendors. See Antennas and Related Equipment. When using specified antennas
ensure that the ODU waveguide slot aligns with the waveguide slot on the antenna (Figure 9).

Figure 9 ODU—waveguide slot

Adjust the antenna (with ODU attached) to determine vertical or horizontal polarization. Mount the
antenna using the mounting hardware included with the antenna and according to the manufacturer’s
instructions. A lubricant, such as silicone, may be needed for the O-ring on the antenna to allow the
ODU to slide over the waveguide fitting.
If a direct mount antenna is not used, there is a remote mount kit available (sold separately) that
mounts the ODU to a pole near the antenna. A flexible waveguide (Figure 10) is required to connect
the waveguide flange on the remote mount to the waveguide flange on the antenna. See Antennas and
Related Equipment.

Figure 10 ODU— remote mount with flexible waveguide

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Table or Rack Shelf Mounting the System

Affix rubber feet or adhesive-backed non-slip pads (not included) near the corners of the unit along the
bottom panel when mounting on a table or a rack shelf. These pads help keep the radio stable on a
wooden or metal surface.

Warning! In many regions, it is necessary to strap the equipment to a table or rack shelf if
mounting in this manner. In case of earthquake or other shock or vibration, or an
accidental pull on a cable, the unit must be secured. It may also be necessary to secure the
AC adapter (if used).

Radio Ports and Indicators

This section provides a brief overview of the connectors, controls, and indicators on the device. Details
about each item are in other sections of this document.
An example EX-s Series IDU front panel is shown in Figure 11.

Figure 11 EX-s Series IDU front panel — model DS3/8-1000F

Connector Overview
The user interfaces are shown in Figure 11. Detailed pin structures for each connector are in Interface
Connections.
Table 2 Connectors

Label Type Gender Function

(Ground) Threaded (M5) F Chassis ground connection (M5 x 0.8 threads).

receptacle

TO ODU N F Coaxial cable connection to ODU antenna. This port carries

the transmitter and receiver IF signals, two-way
communications between the ODU and IDU, and DC power
to the ODU.

RSL Bantam F Voltmeter test point for measuring received signal level.
Connect the return probe to ground.

DS3 IN/OUT BNC F Coaxial cable connections for DS3 circuits to traverse link.
(up to 4 pairs)

STM-1 (up to 2) SFP F Single-mode connection for STM-1 circuits to traverse link.

OC-3 (up to 2) SFP F Single-mode connection for OC-3 circuits to traverse link.

T1/E1 RJ-48C F Primary ports for User T1 or E1 circuits to traverse link.

(up to 16)

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Table 2 Connectors (Continued)

Label Type Gender Function

ETH 1/2 RJ-45 F Primary ports for user Ethernet and/or management data
(10BaseT, 100BaseT, or 1000BaseT).

EXP RJ-45 F Expansion port used for MHS/SD and capacity aggregation
configurations.

PROT RJ-45 F Protection port used for MHS configurations.

SFP 1/2 RJ-45 F Insert GBIC single-mode fiber, multi-mode fiber, or copper
Gigabit Ethernet.

AUX 9-pin sub-D F Management port (serial) for PC/PDA for Command Line
Interface (CLI) communications.

ALARMS 9-pin sub-D F External alarm inputs and outputs.

24–48VDC 2- or 3-pin M DC power input:

or –48VDC modular
• 2-pin connector is floating –48VDC (can be connected to a
properly specified AC adapter)
• 3-pin connector is wide mouth +/- 20–60VDC (can be connected
to a properly specified AC adapter)

LED Indicators
Table 3 provides details of the LED indicators on all models.
Table 3 LED indicators
Location/Label Type Function

LINK 3-color LED Indicates incoming (receive) end-to-end RF link status:

Green Solid = Error-free connection (BER<10e-6)
Yellow Solid = Errored connection (10e-3>BER >10e-6)
Red Solid = No link (BER>10e-3)
Slow flash (any color) = In MHS configuration, RF is online, Interface is
Standby
Fast flash (any color) = In MHS configuration, RF is Standby, Interface is
Online
Red Flash= No remote information available (when RMT is pressed and
held)
Off = In MHS Standby mode, improperly powered or fatal system failure

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Table 3 LED indicators (Continued)

Location/Label Type Function

STATUS 3-color LED Indicates radio terminal status (for the local end):
Green Solid = No alarm conditions (normal operation)
Yellow Solid = Alarm conditions, not traffic effecting
Yellow Slow Flash = In loopback (from this end)
Yellow Fast Flash = In loopback (at this end)
Red Solid = Alarm conditions; traffic effecting
Red Flash = No remote information available (when RMT is pressed and
held)
Off = Improperly powered or fatal system failure

ODU 3-color LED Local end ODU status:

Red Solid = IDU is not communicating to the ODU due to lack of
appropriate cable and/or faulty ODU
Green Solid = Proper IDU-to-ODU communications established and ODU
not in alarm

RMT 3-color LED Remote IDU overall status.

Yellow Solid = Telemetry is down
Yellow Flash = Alarms exist on far-end
Off = No alarms on far-end

ETH Yellow LED Solid = Negotiated at 1000Mbps

Left Corner Fast Flash = Negotiated at 100Mbps
Slow Flash = Negotiated at 10Mbps
Off = No connection negotiated

ETH Green LED Solid/Flashing = Data present

Right Corner Off = No data present

SFP Green LED SFP Ethernet link status:

Left Side Solid = Link engaged
Off = Link not engaged

SFP Green LED SFP Ethernet traffic:

Right Side Solid/Flashing = Data present
Off = No data present

T1/E1 Green LED Solid = Connection present (clocking confirmed)

Left Corner Fast Flash = Connection present; coding/clock problem
Slow Flash = Connection present, but unexpected
Off = No connection/clock

T1/E1 Green LED Fast Flash = Automatic indication signal (AIS) is active
Right Corner Off = No AIS activity

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Table 3 LED indicators (Continued)

Location/Label Type Function

EXP Yellow LED Solid = Expansion link is OK

Left Corner Off = Expansion link is down or unconfigured

EXP Green LED Flash = Expansion traffic is present

Right Corner Off = Expansion traffic is absent or unconfigured

PROT Yellow LED Solid = Configured as Primary in MHS/SD

Left Corner Off = Configured as Secondary in MHS/SD, or unconfigured

PROT Green LED Solid = Protection link OK

Right Corner Flash = Protection link Problematic
Off = Protection link not active or unconfigured

Unmarked LED on rear 2-color LED Indicates overall summary status of the local end (from the rear panel):
panel
Green = LINK and STATUS LEDs are both green
Red Flash = LINK and/or STATUS are in a yellow state; no red states exist
Red Solid = LINK and/or STATUS are in a red state
Off = Improperly powered or fatal system failure

Unmarked LED near DS3 3-color LED Indicates overall DS3 connection status:
connectors
Green = DS3 is enabled and connection is present
Yellow = DS3 is disabled, but a connection is present
Red = DS3 is enabled and not connected
Off = DS3 is disabled and not connected

Fan LED (some models) 3-color LED Indicates overall Fan status:
Green = All fans OK
Yellow = One fan in alarm (caution)
Red = 2 or more fans in alarm

DS3 Grounding Switches

For some DS3 versions, there are two mechanical switches between the DS3 IN/OUT connection that
allow the shield to be connected (C) or not connected (NC) to ground. This is required for various DS3
configurations so that ground loops do not occur when connecting to external equipment. For most
versions supporting DS3 connections, this configuration is accomplished through management control
(using the GUI, CLI or SNMP).

Front Panel Button

The front panel button is unmarked and near to the left side of the power connector on the front panel.
This button has two the following two functions:
• If the button is held while the radio is powered-up and maintains being held through the entire boot
cycle, the radio is defaulted to factory configurations for IP settings and passwords. See Reset to
Critical Factory Settings for more information.

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• If the button is held while the radio is in normal operation, the LINK and STATUS LEDs indicate
far-end (RMT) status information. When the button is disengaged, these LEDs indicate near-end
status.

Power
The radio requires a DC power source within specifications. The DC can be provided from a DC
battery source, central lab/rack supply, or from an AC adapter (sold separately).

Caution! Risk of equipment damage! Connect only to proper source of supply.

Read this entire section and Safety Notices prior to applying power.

The TO ODU Connector

When power is applied to the IDU, the TO ODU connector has DC voltage between the center pin and
ground.

Warning! Do not touch the center connector pin of the TO ODU connector or any
connected coaxial cable when power is connected. There is risk of electric shock if the TO
ODU connector center pin is touched by persons or tools.

Disconnect power from the IDU before connecting coaxial cable(s) or any other devices (such as surge
arrestors) between the TO ODU connector and the ODU.

AC Power
For models where an AC adapter is provided or allowed, it easily connects to the device. The AC
rating of the adapter accepts most standard voltages and frequencies worldwide. Refer to the input
voltage requirements stated on the label affixed to the adapter to ensure that the adapter can be used
with the AC mains supply.
The AC plug outlet provided with the adapter may need to be replaced to match the country
configuration. The adapter cable uses a standard connector for this cable for use of a pre-wired cable
appropriate to the outlet configuration. If the appropriate cable is not available, the existing AC plug
end can be severed and a replacement plug affixed. Consult a qualified electrician for this activity.
Do not plug the adapter into the mains power. First, verify that the RF connector is properly terminated
(see Power), and then plug in the radio-side connector from the AC adapter to the radio. If the AC
mains can be turned off using a switch, disable the power, plug the AC side of the adapter into the AC
mains socket, and then enable power to the circuit. If the AC mains cannot be turned off, plug in to the
AC main socket to apply power.
Verify that the radio is active by observing LED activity. All LEDs on the radio flash at initial power
cycle.
It is strongly encouraged that the AC mains supply be fused or on a separate circuit to protect against
over-voltage and/or over-current situations and protect the radio electronics and other devices
connected to the same supply. Also, the use of power conditioning is recommended if the AC power is
subject to significant spikes or variation. The quality of main power has a direct impact on the device
operation, performance, and/or reliability. An Uninterruptible Power Source (UPS) or other battery-
backed system protects against brown- and black-out conditions, and conditions the power presented
to the adapter.

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It is important to consider lightning or similar power surges on the powering system, including the
ability for surges to couple to the power wiring system. If an evaluation indicates a potential for these
conditions, Exalt recommends additional surge protection for the input power wiring, especially to
protect radio electronics between the adapter and the DC input connector of the radio.
Surge evaluation is important for every wired connection to the device. While the configuration for
surge suppression or line conditioning is of a different type for each signal interface, the opportunity
for damage to the device and loss of communications and property is significant. In some cases, there
may be a risk to human life if a building is not protected from lightning entering through wiring or
because of improper grounding. Consult a qualified electrician and/or telecom professional during
installation and wiring of the equipment.

DC Power
The device accepts DC power within the voltage specifications. EX-s Series GigE IDUs come in two
versions with different types of power systems. It is important that the proper power be connected to
the system. Products that are 48VDC (only) must be connected to an isolated power source. Ensure
that the power source is specified for the proper amount of current delivery capability. For products
rated +/- 20–60VDC, the DC power can be connected as a positive or negative voltage supply, and be
referenced to ground or floating (differential voltage). For –48VDC versions, the DC power applied
must have a floating DC output. There are different system-grounding considerations, depending on
the nature of the DC supply grounding. Consult a qualified electrician or telecoms professional on the
proper wiring and grounding process.
Note: As a rule of thumb, inrush current requirements are generally 250–300% of steady-
state current specification. The DC power source and any external fusing must be capable of
sourcing this inrush current.

To connect a DC source:
1 Ensure that the power is disabled on the DC supply.
2 Connect proper gauge wiring to the DC supply.
Most (short) power cable runs can use 18AWG or 24AWG wire. For longer runs of DC wiring, use
higher gauge wire and/or a higher current source supply to overcome the additional resistance.
3 Strip the ends just long enough to be enclosed in the DC radio connector (approximately 0.25"/
6mm).

Note: Solder tip the leads to the DC terminal connector when using stranded wire.

4 Ensure that the power wiring is long enough to neatly traverse, when properly dressed, between
the source supply and the radio mounting location.
If DC wires are for outdoor exposure, use wire with a weatherproof jacket.
5 Insert the wiring ends into the DC mating connector (supplied) and tighten the terminal screws to
secure the wire into the connector.
Do not connect the mating connector to the radio system and disable the power system.
Pay close attention to the polarization of the DC signals coming from the DC supply and the
ground conductor (if any). Ensure that the wires are connected to the proper pins on the DC mating

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connector. The connector mate on the radio is clearly marked on the front panel adjacent to the DC
connector for proper polarization and ground connection.
6 Wire across the plus (+) and minus (-) terminals from the DC supply for +/- 20–60VDC systems
and wire across the minus (–) and ground ( ) for –48VDC systems.
7 Place a separate jumper between the proper terminal and ground terminal to reference one side of
the power supply line to the radio chassis ground for +/- 20–60 VDC versions.
In some cases, the DC system may need to be floating and this ground jumper is not necessary;
however, many configurations require one side be grounded for electrical safety.

Warning! Consult a qualified electrician if uncertain about how to properly ground the
system and connect power.

Figure 12 DC connectors – 48V and +/- 20-60V versions

Once the wires are connected to the mating connector, do not connect to the radio.
8 Test the DC connection to the connector from the DC supply.
9 Engage power on the DC supply and use a voltmeter to verify the voltage level and polarity.
10 Verify that the RF connector is properly terminated, as described in The TO ODU Connector.
11 Disengage power on the DC source and connect the mating connector to the radio device.
12 Engage power on the DC source.
13 Verify that the radio is active by observing LED activity.
All LEDs flash during the initial power cycle to verify that they are operational.
14 Secure the DC connector using the integral captive screws at each end.
This prevents accidental disconnection.
See Power for recommendations regarding fusing, breakers, lightning protection, surge protection, and
power conditioning.

Reset to Critical Factory Settings

If necessary, the IDU can be reset to critical factory settings. This may be necessary if the IP address
and/or passwords for the system are not known. All other configurations are left at their current
settings. For full radio configuration, a configuration file can be uploaded to the IDU, as described in
File Activation Page.
The following parameters are configured after a reset to critical factory settings:
• IP Address = 10.0.0.1

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• IP Mask = 255.0.0.0
• IP Gateway = 0.0.0.0
• Administration password = password
• User password = password
• ETH1/ETH2 set to auto-negotiate
• VLAN is disabled
• All disabled management interfaces are enabled
• Transmitter unmuted (if muted prior to reset)

To perform a reset to critical factory settings:

1 Remove power.
2 Remove connections to the ALARMS port.
3 Hold the Reset button (unmarked near the power connector) on the front panel while applying
power.
Continue to hold the Reset button through the entire boot cycle (approximately 1 to 3 minutes,
depending on the firmware version).
The front-panel LEDs toggle during the boot cycle.
4 Release the Reset button when LED behavior stabilizes.

Coaxial Cabling between IDU and ODU

A coaxial cable or set of interconnected cables must be connected between the N-female TO ODU
connector on the IDU to the N-female connector on the ODU. This cable carries the DC power IF
signals in both directions and the inter-system communications. The cable requirements are:
• Maximum RF loss at 350MHz of 16dB
• Maximum resistance of center conductor or shield of 1.5Ohm
The maximum resistance specification is typically the defining specification for any selected coaxial
cable. Use the following cable guidelines:
• Andrew LDF1-50 Heliax, 1/4-inch Solid Shield, up to 620 feet (190 meters)
• Andrew LDF2-50 Heliax, 3/8-inch Solid Shield, up to 900 feet (270 meters)
• Andrew LDF4-50 Heliax, 1/2-inch Solid shield, up to 3000 feet (900 meters)
• Times LMR-400, 3/8-inch Braided Shield, up to 600 feet (180 meters)
• Times LMR-600, 1/2-inch Braided Shield, up to 1250 feet (380 meters)
Use Solid Shield cable for locations where there is a high level of RF coupling from other cables in
parallel runs up the tower structure and/or where high-powered VHF/UHF transmitters are located
such as broadcast, paging, and cellular transmitters.
Other than meeting the maximum RF loss requirement, the RF loss of the cable does not factor into
system performance.

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Coaxial cables have a maximum bend radius and must be handled carefully that over-bending beyond
specification never occurs. Cables bent more than the stated in the bend radius specification may not
meet their specified performance.

Lightning and Surge Protection for the IDU/ODU Cable

Place a lightning or surge suppression device at the egress point for the IDU/ODU cable. This device
provides safety for humans at the same location as the IDU, and also protects the IDU from surges
entering through this cable. Ensure that the protection device meets the following characteristics:
• DC non-blocking
• 5MHz ±50kHz, 10.5MHz ±50kHz, 140MHz ±50MHz, 350MHz ±50MHz RF
The following devices are appropriate for this application:
• Polyphaser DT-NFM-BR and DT-NFF-BR
• Polyphaser BGXZ-60NFNM-ALT and BGXZ-60NFNF-ALT
• Polyphaser RGT
• Polyphaser GT-NFF-AL
The Polyphaser DT-NFM-BR and BGXZ-60NFNM-ALT can direct mount to the ODU. For the
Egress connection, the female-female version (NFF and NFNF respectively) is recommended for easy
cabling. The other listed devices may not direct mount to the ODU and should use a short jumper cable
between the device and the ODU.

Antenna/Transmission System
This section provides guidance to mounting and connecting the RF transmission system, which
consists of the antenna, RF cabling, and RF lightning arrestors. Consult the manufacturer’s instructions
for proper mounting, grounding, and wiring of these devices, and for definitive direction. These
manufacturer’s instructions supersede any information in this section. See Antennas and Related
Equipment for a list of supported antennas.

Initial Antenna Mounting

The antenna must be an exact model recommended by the path and site planning engineer(s). Mount
the antenna at the proper height, mast/mounting location, and polarization orientation as determined by
the path and site planning engineer(s). The model type, location, and orientation of the antenna are
critical to achieve proper path clearance and may also be mandated by the licensing process.

Warning! Mount the antenna in a restricted area and in a manner preventing long-term
human exposure to the transmitted RF energy. Consult government regulations to
determine the minimum safe distance from the antenna for continuous human exposure.

The antenna structure must be secure and safe enough to mount the antenna and support the weight of
the transmission system combined with repair/installation personnel. It is important to consider the
load and forces when designing the structure. Be sure to consider the load consequences of all mounted
objects under the highest regional wind conditions.
If additional objects are affixed to the structure in the future, it may be important to evaluate both the
mechanical impact of these planned additions (with respect to wind and weight loading), as well as the
potential impact to RF interference and frequency coordination (if additional radio equipment is

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anticipated). This is especially important if planned equipment installations may operate in the same
frequency band.
Once the antenna is mounted, cabled, and aligned, the goal is to never require modification. Careful
consideration in the path and site planning stages and in construction of the antenna structure is
important.
Follow the antenna manufacturer’s instructions for mechanical mounting of the antenna. Ensure that
there is enough room around the antenna for alignment activities (moving the antenna in vertical and
horizontal arcs). Also ensure that there is enough room for proper mounting of the ODU on the back of
a direct-mount antenna or for the flexible waveguide connection to a remotely mounted ODU. Always
mount remote-mount ODUs as close to the antenna as possible to minimize the length and associated
losses of the flexible waveguide.
At this point in the installation process, the antenna mounts are fully secured to the structure, the feed
of the antenna is securely mounted to the antenna (if the feed is a separate assembly), and the azimuth
and elevation adjustments are not completely tightened to allow antenna alignment. It is good practice
to connect the ODU or flexible waveguide to the antenna connector as early in the process as possible
to reduce the opportunity for debris or moisture to enter either the antenna connector or waveguide.
The ODU and most antennas and waveguides have a piece of tape or cover that should remain in place
until all connections are made. Take extra care if the system is installed during inclement weather to
ensure that no moisture gets inside any connectors at any time.
Now the antenna can be aimed in the general direction required for the link. Use a compass, a
reference bearing, binoculars, or other similar device to point the antenna in the direction of the far-end
radio, and then slightly tighten the azimuth and elevation adjustments so that the antenna maintains its
general position and is safe to be left without additional securing. Refer to the Exalt white paper,
Antenna Alignment, for more information on antenna alignment techniques.

Installing the IDU-to-ODU Cable

The IDU-to-ODU cable is typically two or three separate cables separated by lightning arrestors.
Generally, a short male-to-male coaxial cable connects the ODU to the local lightning arrestor, which
must be properly grounded. The primary cable runs from the ODU lightning arrestor to the egress
point, where another lightning arrestor is mounted and grounded. The final cable runs from the egress
point to the IDU. The cables should traverse the exact route provided by the site planner.
If using a direct-mount antenna and ODU, there is often need for a small excess of cable near the
antenna/ODU to accommodate both the need for extra slack for movement during antenna alignment
and for a drip loop for the cable and the initial cable securing hardware and grounding near the
antenna. The cable can be very stiff and can cause undue pulling force on the ODU connector. Ensure
that the cable is aligned with the connector so that there is no torque or strain on the connector.
Consult your cable manufacturer for the proper transportation, hoisting, securing, and grounding
processes. Always ensure that the entire length of cable never twists, kinks, or gets over-bent beyond
the specified bend radius. Once a cable is over-bent or kinked, it may never recover its specified
characteristics even after straightening, rendering it unusable.
As soon as practical, weatherproof the connected ends of the cable to the ODU and the lightning
arrestors. Test the IDU-to-ODU connection prior to installing weatherproofing.
For the indoor cable run, a cable ladder or tray may be needed to secure the cable. In some cases, a
short flexible jumper allows ease of connection to the IDU TO ODU connector. A properly specified
90º connector can often eliminate this requirement. Ensure that there is enough space around the radio
to accommodate a gentle bend radius in the transmission line for a good direct connection. In all cases,
ensure that the cable is not applying any pulling force on the TO ODU connector on the IDU. Cables

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can be very stiff and can damage the connector if not dressed properly. Follow the cable
manufacturer’s instructions for the proper use of cable securing devices.

Indoor Mounting
On rare occasions the antenna can be mounted indoors behind a window. In these cases, there would
be no need for drip loops or lightning arrestors on the ODU-to-IDU cable. Weatherproofing can also
be omitted.

Antenna Alignment
Antennas must be installed at both ends of the planned link to commence precision alignment. Refer to
the Exalt white paper, Antenna Alignment.
Antennas are typically aligned using the radio hardware for precise alignment. However, there are
many useful tools to aid alignment, which includes devices specifically designed for this purpose.
Some examples are:
• XL Microwave Path Align-R
• Teletronics 17-402
Use of these devices may be extremely advantageous as compared to only using the radio because they
employ many unique features. Use of these tools also makes it possible to align the antennas before the
radio equipment is delivered. However, many installers successfully use the radios to align the
antennas.
There are three primary functions when using the radio to align the antenna:
• RSL voltage test point on the ODU using a voltmeter (recommended)
The RSL test point DC voltage from the ODU rises as RSL gets stronger. The ExaltCalc program
provides the target voltage for this connection. There are two ODU models: round and elliptical
(Figure 13).

Figure 13 Round and elliptical ODU models

The round ODU model has voltage at this connector is equal to:
(the RSL in dBm + 91.58)/15.77
To determine the RSL in dBm of the voltage being read, use the conversion:
15.77V – 91.58
For elliptical ODUs, the voltage at this connector is equal to:
(the RSL in dBm + 91.88)/15.97
• RSL voltage test point on the IDU using a voltmeter

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The RSL voltage from the IDU is inversely proportional and numerically calibrated to the received
signal level. The voltage rises as the antennas are less in alignment, and falls as antennas are more
in alignment. The voltage measurement corresponds to the received signal level in measurements
of dBm (a negative number for RSL measurements). For example, an RSL of –60dBm yields an
RSL voltage measurement of 0.60VDC; an RSL of -45dBm measures 0.45VDC.
• GUI RSL reading indicates the current RSL in dBm.
Only use the Exalt GUI for antenna alignment if no other means is available. If this method is
required, refer to Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI). RSL can be read on a PC or handheld
computing device that supports an HTML browser and Ethernet connectivity.

Note: There is a slight delay in RSL readings in the GUI and the IDU’s RSL voltage as the
RSL levels change. Fine alignment can be done in small adjustments allowing a small gap of
time so that the impact of the adjustment on the GUI display and IDU RSL voltage levels
catch up to real time.

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Configuration and Management

This section describes the command line interface (CLI) and Exalt graphical user interface (GUI).

Command Line Interface (CLI)

Exalt Digital Microwave Radios provide a CLI to set key parameters on the system. Use the AUX port
for serial devices, or use the Ethernet ports for a Telnet session over a network connection.

Connect to the Radio with a Serial Connection

For serial interface to the AUX port, on your PC, PDA, dumb terminal, or any other device with a
serial interface and text input capabilities, use Hyperterminal or a similar application with the
following settings:

Bits per second: 9600

Data bits: 8
Parity: None
Stop bits: 1
Flow Control: None

Use a standard straight-through serial cable to connect between most computer serial ports and the
AUX port on the radio. A null modem cable is not properly wired for this interface. See Interface
Connections for wiring details.
After establishing the serial connection, press ENTER to display the login prompt.

Telnet into the Command Line Interface (CLI)

Use a Telnet connection to access the CLI in the Exalt Digital Microwave Radios. Use the CLI to set
key parameters on the system.

Connect to the Radio in a Telnet Session

Make the Telnet connection to the radio through the Ethernet port. Use a DOS shell in Windows to
perform the following steps:
1 Open a command prompt or MS-DOS prompt (Start > Run).
2 Type C:\>Telnet <IP Address> at the prompt:
The default IP address is 10.0.0.1

Note: The accessing computer must be on the same IP subnet as the radio with different IP
addresses.

Use Telnet when prompted to enter the administration level login and password. The default
administration login is admin and password is password. It is recommended that the default
administration password be reset by performing a radio reset (see Reset to Critical Factory
Settings).
Figure 14 shows the menu choices available after log in.

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Figure 14 CLI main menu

In addition to the menus shown in Figure 14, the following selections can be made on all screens:
• 0 = back to previous screen
• h = help
• Ctrl+\ (control and backslash keys) = exit session

Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI)

The Exalt GUI is the primary user interface for configuring and troubleshooting the radio and radio
system. A computer or hand-held device with a conventional HTML browser and Ethernet port is
required. Microsoft Internet Explorer is the preferred browser. Netscape, Mozilla, and Firefox are also
supported.

Preparing to Connect
If the radios are new, both radios are preconfigured as Radio B, and have the same IP address. The
initial priority is to configure one radio to Radio A and assign different IP addresses, unique to each
radio. There are two ways to change the IP address:
1 Reset the radio to the critical default factory settings (see Reset to Critical Factory Settings).
2 Connect to the GUI using the default IP address (10.0.0.1), and change the IP address through the
GUI interface.

Note: To connect to the radio’s Ethernet port and use the GUI interface, the accessing
computer must match the radio’s IP address subnet. It is therefore necessary to either change
the radio’s IP address through the CLI to match the subnet of the computer, or change the
computer’s IP address to match the subnet of the radio (such as a computer IP address of
10.0.0.10 if trying to connect to a radio set to the factory default IP address of 10.0.0.1).

To configure a radio as Radio A, connect to the GUI and change the configuration, as discussed in this
section.

Log In
Use the following steps to log in to the Exalt GUI.
1 Open a browser window.
Microsoft Internet Explorer is the recommended browser. Netscape, Mozilla, and Firefox are also
supported. If there are issues with your browser, please report it to Exalt Customer Care. You may
be required to use a different browser to immediately overcome issues.

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2 Type the IP address of the radio in the address bar.

Figure 15 Initiating the browser connection

The following window displays after pressing the Enter key or clicking the Go button in the
browser window.

Figure 16 Browser Login screens–model dependent

Note: Some models support SSL/SSH secure browser management, and display the login
screen on the right. Browser security can be enabled or disabled for these models.

Login Privileges
There are two levels of login privileges:
• Administrator (admin) – assigned complete permissions to view, edit, and configure
• User (user) – assigned limited, view-only permissions with no edit or configuration rights
The default login names and passwords are as follows:

Table 4 Default login information

Privilege level User name Default password

Administrator admin password

User user password

Administrator login credentials are required for configuration purposes. Type the user name and
passwords for Administrator level and click OK. The following screen displays.

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Figure 17 Radio Information page

Quick Start
To establish a link on the bench, apply the following basic configurations to the radio terminal. Use the
steps in the Quick Start Guide included with the radio. A summary of the items to configure is:
• Radio IP address for each end.
– Each end must have a different IP address and cannot match the accessing computer’s IP
address or any address assigned if radios are part of a larger network.
– It may be required to change the IP address of the accessing computer after changing the IP
address of the radio so that the IP subnet matches.
– The radio IP address is listed on the Administration Settings Page.
If all other parameters are still configured at their factory default settings, the radios can now be
connected back-to-back to verify that the link is communicating and perform any other desired tests.
See Bench Testing for test information.
Navigating the GUI describes each page of the GUI. Most configuration parameter settings are
intuitive. The following link parameters must match at both ends for the link to communicate:
• Link Security Key (Administration Settings Page)
• Bandwidth (System Configuration Page)
• Mode (System Configuration page)
• RF Frequency – exactly opposite of one another (System Configuration page)

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Note: Changing any of these parameters causes a temporary loss of link. The GUI displays a
warning and provides an opportunity to cancel changes.

Navigating the GUI

The GUI provides the primary interface for all configuration and management. There are three sections
of the main GUI window:
• Summary status information section (upper-left corner)
• Navigation panel
• Main window

Figure 18 Exalt GUI window description

Summary Status Section

This section of the Exalt GUI provides a review of the system status.
In the screens in Figure 19, the top bar illustrates the alarm condition of the link. The information
inside the bar is equivalent to the entry of the Link Name set by the administrator in the Administration
Settings Page.
The color of the panel indicates alarm status:
• Green indicates the system is communicating and all functions are normal
• Yellow indicates a minor non-traffic affecting alarm condition
• Red indicates a major traffic affecting alarm condition
• Grey indicates that there is no far-end information (telemetry is down)
The left panel summarizes the alarm conditions of the local radio (the radio that matches the IP
address). The information displayed is the IP address and the endpoint identifier (Radio A or Radio B).
The right panel summarizes the alarm conditions of the remote radio (the radio linked to the local
radio).

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Note: The ‘local’ radio might be the near-end or the far-end radio, depending on the
management interface connection. The terms local and remote refer to the orientation of the
radio terminals relative to the IP address you are managing. When making certain changes to
a near-end radio without first making changes to the far-end radio, the link may become
disconnected unless configuration changes are reverted to their original settings. When
making changes that may disrupt the link, always change the far-end radio first, and then the
near-end radio to match.
The Summary Status Section allows the Exalt GUI to be a rudimentary management system. Minimize
the browser window to display just the top bar or the top bar and radio information, and open several
browsers on the desktop. When a window status changes to yellow or red, you can quickly maximize
that window to determine the issue.

Figure 19 Summary status information

Navigation Panel
In the navigation panel in the left-hand pane, pages with sub-pages have a plus (+) to the left of the
page link. Click the plus sign or page name title to view sub-page titles. The pages can be collapsed to
hide the sub-pages when a minus (–) sign appears to the left of the page link.
Management pages are indicated with an  to the left of the page name. Click the  or page name to
display the page within the main window.

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Radio Information Page

This page provides general information about the local radio terminal. This information is helpful for
troubleshooting and for record keeping.

Figure 20 Radio Information page

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Administration Settings Page

This page contains general parameters for the radio system. The Current Value column lists entries
current settings. Desired changes are entered in the New Value column.

Note: After all desired changes are entered, click the Update button to accept and enable
changes.

Figure 21 Administration Settings page

Most entries on this page are self-explanatory. The following lists unique or important parameters.
• Fill in the date and time fields as soon as practical. Events are captured with time/date stamps,
which is valuable information for troubleshooting.
• Set the Link Security Key to something other than the factory default setting (12 characters, all
zeros) at each end. The link security key must match at both sides of the link. If the security key
remains at the factory setting, the radio link is open to sabotage by a party with the same radio
model. Each link should have a unique security key. If using the same security key for every link
in the network, the radio could link to any other radio with the same security key. This is
problematic in multi-radio networks.
– Note that the security key must be exactly 12 characters. Any alphanumeric character can be
used. The link security key is case sensitive.

Note: Changing the link security key interrupts transmission until the opposite end is changed
to match. Always change the far-end radio first, and then change the near-end radio.

• Change the admin and user passwords. These passwords should not match. If the admin password
remains at the factory default setting, it provides an opportunity for random reassignment by a
network-connected user.

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– The new password must be entered twice. If the passwords do not match and the Update
button clicked, the password is not changed and remains set to the previous password.
• Enter the license key provided by Exalt to access extended features or diagnostic capabilities.
Click Update to accept the changes and enable the new features. License keys are issued by radio
serial number, so ensure that the license key used was issued for this particular radio.
• AES is a license-key configuration. When available, it may be enabled or disabled, and the key
string entered by the administrator. The key string must match at both ends of the link for the
wireless link to operate.
The key string is 32 Hexadecimal (0-9, A-F) characters for an AES-128 bit key and 64
hexadecimal characters for an AES-256 bit key.

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NTP and Time Zone Configurations

Note: This feature is not available on all models.

When Network Time Protocol (NTP) is enabled, the time and date is provided by the server. For NTP,
set the IP address of the server where the time is to be retrieved. Up to four server IP addresses can be
used. Any time zone can be selected, including Universal time. These servers must be available on the
network that the radio is connected to. When NTP is disabled, the time and date is set on the
Administration Settings page.

Figure 22 NTP and Time Zone Configurations page

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Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Configuration

This page allows the enabling and disabling of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
functions. Use SNMP to manage networked devices and execute the following functions:
• GET: Obtain information from the device, such as a configuration setting or parameter.
• SET: Change a configuration setting on the device.
• TRAP: The device proactively informs the management station of a change of state, usually used
for critical alarms or warnings. See SNMP Traps.

Figure 23 SNMP Configuration page

One feature of the SNMP implementation is that system configuration changes do not take effect using
the SET command. Instead, groups of configuration settings can be preconfigured for global change on
Update.
When some parameters are changed, a link may drop and/or management control lost. MIB files allow
many parameters to be set at once, allowing only a temporarily dropped link or management control
issue. The opposite end radio can be quickly reconfigured, with little downtime for the link and
management control.
Dropped links or management control issues do not occur with every parameter change. Many
configuration changes do not impact traffic or management access.
The SNMP MIBs can be downloaded from the File Transfer Page. The MIB structure is organized
similar to the GUI. Become familiar with the GUI before using the SNMP function.

SNMP v1/v2c/v3 Support Options

Enable the SNMPv1/v2c options to allow input of read and read/write community strings.

Note: Users are encouraged to avoid enabling SNMPv1/V2c support due to known security
loopholes in these protocols.

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Enable the SNMPv3 options to allow entering read and read/write user names and passwords. These
entries are not associated with the standard radio user names and passwords. SNMPv3 provides full
management security.

SNMP Traps
SNMP traps alert the central network management system with important issues about the radio
system. Trap filters are set on the Traps Configuration page.
Trap support for all versions of SNMP are provided and can be independently enabled. Enter the IP
address to which the traps are directed in the Trap Destination IP Address field. The Ethernet port must
be connected to the network to allow trap information to reach the designated IP address. In a bridged
network, this may not require special network settings. In a routed network, the connected router must
have a defined path for the IP address.

Figure 24 Trap Configuration page

Note: Click the Update button to save changes to this page.

The following traps are available:

• Authentication Trap: This is an SNMP standard trap when password information for SNMP is
incorrect. This can help identify unwanted intrusions into the management system and for
diagnosis of SNMP issues for valid users.
• Radio Reboot Trap: This trap is sent after any radio reboot to inform the network manager of the
reboot status.
• Local Link Status Trap: This trap is sent when Link is in errored state (equivalent to the Link LED
on the radio front panel or the Link status bar in the upper-left of the Exalt GUI window).
• Local Radio/Remote Radio Status Traps: This trap is sent when Status is in errored state
(equivalent to the Status LED on the front panel or the radio status box in the upper-left of the
Exalt GUI window).

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• Local RSL Status Trap: This trap is sent when the local RSL drops below the value set in the
Threshold Value (dBm) field. Buffers are provided so that continuous traps are not sent if the RSL
is bouncing near the set threshold value. This trap is reset only if the RSL rises to 3dBm above the
set threshold value and then drops below that value. Exalt recommends that this trap be set to a
value 5dBm or 10dBm above the threshold as a warning that the system has faded and may be
approaching an outage.
• Temperature Status Trap: This trap is sent when the internal temperature reaches the warning
point. This conveys that the external temperature control is in a fault state. Buffers are applied to
this trap to avoid multiple traps when the temperature remains near the warning point.

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File Transfer Page

This page allows the administrator to upload and download files to and from the radio. Two types of
files can be uploaded: configuration and radio firmware. When uploading Configuration Files,
current configuration parameters are immediately overwritten, and if changes to configuration
warrant, the unit automatically reboots. When uploading radio firmware files, the file is placed into
reserve memory space. After the new radio firmware file uploads, use the File Activation page to
enable the files (see File Activation Page).

Figure 25 File Transfer page

Up to three types of files can be downloaded: radio firmware, configuration, and event log.

Note: Check the File Activation page before uploading radio firmware files. New file uploads
overwrite the secondary file location. If important files reside in the primary or secondary file
location, download them before uploading the new files. Only the active radio firmware file
can be downloaded. Therefore, to download the reserve file, it must first be activated (using
the Swap button). The current radio firmware version can be viewed on the Radio Information
Page.

Use the following steps to download a file.

1 Select the type of file to download (configuration, radio firmware, MIB file, or event log).
2 Click the Download button and wait for the radio to prepare the file for download.
3 Left-click the link on the page to download the file to a desired location.

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Figure 26 File Transfer page—download file link

File download and upload is useful when configuring several radios with similar settings. A copy of
the configuration file can also help restore radio settings. In addition, a copy of the Exalt default
configuration file is helpful to restore the radio to factory settings.

Note: Do not change the name of any download file. The configuration file must be named
config.xml. To keep track of multiple configuration files, use a folder naming system or
temporarily rename the file, however, it must be named config.nv before it can be uploaded to
a radio. Never change radio firmware file names under any circumstances.
If copying the same configuration file into multiple radios, take into account that some parameters will
match, which may be undesirable. However, it may be easier to change just a subset of parameters
rather than every parameter. The following parameters can cause problems or confusion if they match
at each of a link:
• Radio Name
• IP Address
• IP Subnet Mask
• Default Gateway
• RF Frequency (for a working link, the frequencies need to be opposite pair)
The following parameters can match at both ends of the link:
• Link Name
• Link Security Key (this MUST match for a working link, although each link in your network can
be different)
• Admin and User passwords
• Bandwidth (this MUST match for a working link)

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• Mode (Modulation)
• Ethernet configurations
• TDM (T1/E1) configurations

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File Activation Page

Use this page to move stored or uploaded files to use on the radio. The page indicates which file is
currently in use, and which file is available for use. Click the Swap button to place the file in the
Alternative File column into the active state and move the file in the Current File column to the
Alternative File column.

Figure 27 File Activation page

Note: In all cases, the radio reboots after a new file is selected using the Swap function. This
places the radio out of service for a short time.

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Access Security Page

This feature allows all radio management interfaces such as HTTP, HTTPS, SSH, Telnet, and serial to
be independently disabled/enabled. The default is all interfaces are enabled. Note that SNMP
interfaces are independently enabled/disabled on the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Configuration page.
One management interface must be enabled at all times and the internal software ensures that one
interface is always available.

Figure 28 Access Security page

The ‘reset to critical factory defaults’ procedure is labeled ‘Rescue’ on this page, and restores only
those configurations required to access the radio (such as the IP address, mask, passwords, disables
VLANs, and so on).
This feature also ensures that all management interfaces are enabled after reset. Note that ‘Rescue’ is
the standard reset function and is recommended to retain all other configurations of the radio after a
reset. The reset feature can then be changed to reset all configurations to factory defaults. When this

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feature is used, the entire radio configuration is changed back to the settings in the radio at
manufacture, except for installed License Keys, which are retained even after a factory default reset.
For additional security, the Ethernet interfaces (ETH1, ETH2, SFP1, SFP2) can be individually
disabled. If both interfaces are disabled, no Ethernet traffic can pass across the radio link and Ethernet
cannot be used for management. In this case, HTTP, HTTPS, Telnet, SSH, and all forms of SNMP are
not available; the only available management interface is Serial. This is only appropriate for radios
exclusively running TDM traffic (T1, E1, DS3), where serial access is sufficient. This feature is not
available on all models.
Root access is used by Exalt for remote software diagnosis (if the radio is accessible over the Internet
to Exalt and login credentials were provided). Root access is enabled by default.

Note: If root access is disabled, there are conditions where Exalt may not be able to address
remotely that result in an RMA return that otherwise may not have been necessary had root
access been enabled. For this reason, it is advised to leave root access enabled, unless there
are significant concerns about access to the radio’s management ports where ‘hacking’ may
try to attack the Telnet or serial interfaces to gain access to the radio’s root directory. To allay
these types of issues, use private networks (such as VPN or VLAN) for management access.

If management security features on this page are used, then the management security features must be
manually reconfigured after any reset. Alternatively, after a reset you can upload a configuration file to
restore settings.

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System Configuration Page

This page contains several critical system parameters.

Figure 29 System Configuration page

Most entries on this page are self explanatory. The following lists unique or important parameters.
• Set the Radio Transmit Power (dBm) parameter to the designed level. The professional installer
sets this value or dictates the value of this setting to the system administrator following the system
design and local regulations. In many cases, this value must be set to a proper value to comply
with legal restrictions. Improper values can result in liability to the user and/or installer.

Note: Changing Radio Transmit Power may temporarily interrupt traffic. Small changes
in output power do not normally interrupt traffic, but larger changes may.

– Do not adjust the Radio Transmit Power parameter to a value higher than is legally allowed.
– Do not adjust the Radio Transmit Power parameter lower than the link budget and fade margin
can afford.

Note: The link may be lost and unrecoverable through GUI control. If the link is lost due to
reduction of Radio Transmit Power, travel to the radio location(s) may be required to reset the
value.

• Set the Bandwidth (MHz) parameter to the designed level. The value of this is determined in the
design/engineering stage. The Bandwidth parameter must match at both ends of the link. In
conjunction with the Mode parameter, the Bandwidth parameter directly relates to the capacity,
latency, and the number of TDM circuits supported. The transmitter and receiver bandwidth are

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modified using this parameter, making it critical that it be set with respect to the local RF noise and
interference profile, and/or in relation to any multi-link network design.

Note: Changing Bandwidth will temporarily interrupt traffic. The Bandwidth parameter must
match at each end. Adjust the far-end radio first, and then the near-end radio. Changing
Bandwidth changes the radio’s threshold. A narrower bandwidth has better threshold
performance and improved interference immunity. If changing to a wider bandwidth, there is
a possibility that the link may be lost and unrecoverable through GUI control. Check the
available fade margin and interference profile to determine if the impact to threshold and
increased bandwidth is acceptable to maintain the link and the desired performance. If the link
is lost due to increasing the Bandwidth parameter, travel to the radio location(s) may be
required to reset the value.

• Set the Modulation parameter to the designed selection. The value of this setting is determined in
the design/engineering stage. The Modulation parameter must match at both ends of the link. In
conjunction with the Bandwidth parameter, the Modulation parameter setting directly relates to the
capacity of the system, as well as critical RF parameters, including receiver threshold, carrier-to-
interference ratio, and in some cases, maximum radio transmit power.

Note: Changing Modulation will temporarily interrupt traffic. The Modulation setting must
match at each end. Adjust the far-end radio first, and then the near-end radio. Changing
Modulation changes the radio’s threshold, carrier-to-interference ratio, and may also impact
Radio Transmit Power. A lower modulation has better threshold performance and carrier-to-
interference ratio, and in some cases, higher output power, therefore if changing to a higher
modulation (for example, from QPSK to 16QAM), there is a possibility that the link may be
lost and unrecoverable through GUI control. Check the available fade margin and interference
profile, and determine if the impact to RF performance is sufficient to maintain the link and
desired performance. If the link is lost due to increasing the Modulation parameter, travel to
the radio location(s) may be required to reset the value.

• Adaptive Coded Modulation (ACM) allows the radio link to adaptively adjust the modulation used
to create the link, depending on multipath or fading conditions. The link must be licensed to allow
this setting, specifying the legal maximum and minimum modulation settings. When enabled,
select the Base (minimum) and Target (maximum) modulation settings. ACM must be configured
on both sides of the link. The Base and Target settings must match on both ends.
There are two pre-programmed ACM policies:
– Conservative switches down to the next modulation when the RSL is within 2dB of the current
threshold, and switches up to the next modulation when at least a 5dB RSL margin exists
above the next threshold. This slows and steadies the transition between modulations.
– Aggressive switches down to the next modulation when the RSL is within 1dB of the current
threshold (which is usually exhibiting some low-level BER), and switches up to the next
modulation when at least 3dB RSL margin exists above the next threshold. This increases the
transition between modulations, resulting in the highest capacity at all times. However, this
can increase BER and cause erratic changes to throughput.

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Note: As modulation is reduced, the capacity of the system is also reduced. If the radio
system is carrying TDM traffic (such as OC3, DS3, STM1, T1, E1), some interfaces that may
be desired when the link is running at full-capacity (target modulation) may not be able to be
supported. The Allocation Page allows configuration of TDM and Ethernet traffic as the radio
changes modulation when ACM is enabled.
Note: Changing the ACM settings can cause a temporary link outage. To avoid this, change
the far-end of the radio link first, and then adjust the near-end to match.

• Set the RF Frequency (kHz) parameter to the desired transmitter frequency. The value of this
setting is determined in the design/engineering and/or licensing stage. The Transmitter/Receiver
(T/R) spacing of the connected ODU is shown on the row below the Tx/Rx Frequency fields. After
pressing UPDATE, the current Tx/Rx frequency value displays. A working link must have
opposite Tx and Rx frequencies.

Note: Changing RF Frequency will temporarily interrupt traffic. The RF Frequency

parameter setting must match at each end. Adjust the far-end radio first, and then the near-end
radio. If the RF Frequency parameter is changed to a frequency with interference, the link
may be lost and unrecoverable through GUI control. If the link is lost due to changing the RF
Frequency parameter, travel to the radio location(s) may be required to reset the value.

• The Receiver Configuration is normally set to RX1 Only for typical links. For Space Diversity
configurations, designate the radio as Enable Errorless Switching Main (Tx/Rx) or Enable
Errorless Switching Diversity (Rx only), according to the Main or Diversity antenna that the ODU
is connected to. This selection is unavailable for MHS or Frequency Diversity.
• The External Alarm Inputs parameter can be ignored unless connecting external alarm sources to
the radio for monitoring the status of these external alarms through the radio management system
(see Interface Connections).
• ATPC (Automatic Transmit Power Control) parameter (if authorized) increases transmitter power
if the RSL drops below the programmed value. Use the ATPC timers to ensure that the radio meets
regulatory requirements. Timer information is provided on the ATPC Statistics Page. Also, the
diagnostics chart for RSL illustrates the ATPC threshold level to accomplish a proper diagnosis of
the RSL relative to ATPC.

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Allocation Page
This page allows the administrator to determine how the TDM interfaces (T1, E1, DS3, OC3, STM1,
etc) and remaining Ethernet capacity will be allocated when ACM is enabled. Since ACM will change
the capacity of the radio, it's critical to determine how those changes will impact the traffic that is
carried over the link.

Figure 30 Allocation page

The left side of the chart shows the different modulations available for ACM. Columns display under
different TDM type column headings (such as DS3 and T1 shown). Selection of how many of each
interface is determined by the selections for each modulation.
The bar graph color codes allocation of the TDM interfaces, showing each interface and the relative
capacity that it is occupying. Orange depicts remaining Ethernet capacity for that modulation.
At the right of the graph, the full-duplex Ethernet capacity displays in Mbps. The total full-duplex
capacity displays in the System column.
It may be necessary to configure the TDM interfaces. A link displays under the graph to ease
configuring any TDM interface.

Note: The allocation of TDM interfaces only defines HOW MANY channels are allocated; it
does not define WHICH physical ports are allocated. Priority of port assignments is
controlled on the Cross Connect (X Connect) Page. If a TDM allocation change occurs
between modulations, the priority defined in Cross-Connect determines which ports are
added or dropped.

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Ethernet Interface Configuration Page

This page allows the administrator to set the function, muting, alarm, and duplex settings of Ethernet
connections ETH1, ETH2, SFP1, and SFP2, and enable or disable Ethernet flow control.

Figure 31 Ethernet Interface Configuration page

The Function of each port can be assigned in two ways:
• In-Band Management: All ports can pass traffic over the link and also have access to management
of the radio. Management traffic is carried over the link.
• Port-to-Port Management: Traffic remains separate from data traffic without requiring out-of-band
management or VLAN configuration. This allows any Ethernet port on the link to be logically
mapped to the same port at the other end of the link without requiring VLANs to be configured.
The traffic passing through these mapped ports is not accessible from any of the other available
Ethernet ports on either side of the link.

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Figure 32 Ethernet Interface Configuration page–Out-of-Band Management

• Out-of-band Management: Each port can be set to either Traffic or Management. All ports set to
traffic are connected together, and all ports set to management are connected together, but
separated from the traffic. Management is not available over the wireless link in this configuration.
Note: The radio requires that a minimum of one interface have access to management.

Note: If VLAN is enabled, VLAN IDs assigned to separate interfaces must match the
topology of the Function setting on this page. For example, any port with access to
Management must include the Management VLAN ID when configuring VLANs.

• Mode allows for specific negotiation settings on each interface. Exalt recommends setting these
interfaces to Auto-Negotiation. However, there may be cases where connected equipment
performance can be improved using a specific negotiation type.
For Gigabit Ethernet interfaces, configure the interface on the radio and the interface on the
connected network equipment to Auto-Negotiate; the default setting for new radios. For 100BaseT
(Fast Ethernet) interfaces, configure the interface on the radio and the interface on the connected
network equipment to 100/Full; the default setting for new radios. It is not recommended for
100BaseT connections to be set to Auto-negotiate, as this can exhibit packet loss with an
extremely adverse impact on throughput.
• Alarm determines if the radio goes into alarm when the interface connection is disconnected or not
sensed. Enable alarms on in-use interfaces. Unused interfaces should have alarms disabled.

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• Mute when enabled mutes the interface on link outage. This accommodates connected equipment
that requires loss of connection sense to enact network alarms. For example, Spanning Tree
Protocol can be enabled on loss of connection.
Note: The radio prohibits setting all interfaces to Mute, as this prohibits access to manage the
radio. Port with access to Management should not be muted.

• The ETH Flow Control setting allows the enabling of 802.3 Ethernet flow control, useful for
systems implementing QoS or other traffic flow control implementations.

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T1/E1 Configuration Pages

These pages allow the administrator to selectively configure the T1 or E1 circuits, one at a time. This
page toggles between T1 and E1, as required, by clicking the Set to T1 Mode or Set to E1 Mode
button. A warning displays that a reboot is necessary, and the radio reboots if the administrator
continues. This will interrupt traffic. It may be necessary to re-login to the radio after the reboot
completes. T1/E1 mode self-coordinates across the link if the link is active. This means that it only
needs to be set while connected at one end.

Note: How many T1 or E1 connections that are enabled/active is determined in the Allocation
Page settings. Priority of the ports is determined on the Cross Connect (X Connect) Page.

T1 Interface Configuration Page

This page allows the administrator to enable/disable the alarm for each individual T1 channel, set the
Line Build Out (LBO), Line Code (either AMI or B8ZS), and AIS enabling/disabling for each input. If
enabled, the radio places an AIS code on the output of the associated interface if and when the link
fails or when there is no T1 signal available from the far end to provide the user at the local end.
Loopback controls are also provided (see Loopback).
Carefully consider alarm enabling relative to the number of ports allocated (see Allocation Page) and
their relative priority (see Cross Connect (X Connect) Page).
If alarms are enabled, a red alarm occurs when a port is allocated and no T1 signal is detected. A
yellow alarm occurs when a port is not allocated and a T1 signal is detected. Disable alarms for
unallocated ports or ports with traffic connected but that are not in use.

Figure 33 T1 Interface Configuration page

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E1, DS3, OC3, and STM1 Configuration Pages

For all other TDM configurations (E1, DS3, OC3 and STM1), configuration is nearly identical to the
T1 configuration. However, the LBO and AIS settings must match the interface standard. For some
DS3 interface units, additional configuration is provided to select the ground configurations of the DS3
ports (grounded or not grounded).
When setting Alarms, review the Allocation and X-Connect settings relative to how many and which
specific ports will be active for different ACM states. See the T1 Interface Configuration Page section
for advice on alarm settings.

Loopback
Loopback is provided for any enabled TDM port. As shown in Figure 33, the choices are:
• No Loopback (default)
• External (local)
• External (remote)
• Internal

Note: Only one Internal loopback can be enabled at any time.

All loopback configurations control the loop at the Line Interface integrated circuit, which is the
device wired directly to the front panel ports.
External loopback modes are used in conjunction with an external test source. The designation of
‘local’ or ‘remote’ refers to where the loopback is occurring relative to the location where the loopback
is implemented. That is, on the radio being accessed, if External (remote) is selected, this loops the
signal back at the remote radio interface back towards the local radio. Likewise, if External (local) is
selected, the signal loops back at the local interface towards the remote radio (Figure 34 and Figure
35).

Figure 34 External (remote) loopback

Figure 35 External (local) loopback

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Note: For DS3 interfaces, the implementation is slightly different than shown in Figure 34
and Figure 35. The remote loopback will send traffic from the local In to the local Out as
shown, but the far-end In-to-Out connection is not made. The local loopback will loop the
local In-to-Out, but does not create the over-the-air loopback shown in the opposite direction.
When a local TDM port is configured for External (remote) loopback, it is the same as configuring the
remote radio for External (local) loopback.
Internal loopback uses an internal test source, and sends the test source signal across the link, looped at
the remote radio’s interface, returned to the local radio, and looped at the local radio’s interface back to
the source. The inputs at both ends are looped back at the line level. Figure 36 illustrates the internal
loopback function.

Figure 36 Internal loopback

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MHS/Diversity Configuration Page

This page provides the capability to configure the system for Monitored Hot Standby (MHS) and/or
Frequency Diversity. These configurations implement a second IDU and ODU at one or both ends of
the link for hardware protection and/or path protection. MHS and Diversity cannot be configured when
Adaptive Coded Modulation (ACM) is enabled.

Figure 37 MHS/Diversity Configuration page

For MHS, the two ODUs at one end of the link are connected to an ODU coupler (sold separately), and
are connected to the same antenna. One IDU/ODU pair is in a ‘standby’ configuration, and is
automatically selected if issues are identified with the other IDU/ODU pair. Special MHS protection
cabling (sold separately) is required to connect the PROT ports of the IDUs, along with a standard
straight-wired CAT5e cable for the EXP ports of the IDUs.
For Frequency Diversity, the configuration is nearly identical, except that the second ODU is
connected to a separate antenna spaced at a different height. The MHS function is still active in this
configuration.
One IDU at the endpoint is designated as primary and the other secondary. For MHS configurations,
generally the primary IDU is connected to the ODU on the the lower-loss side of the MHS coupler.
The Lock On features are provided for troubleshooting. The default setting is No Lock on (Normal), to
enable protection. When swapping cables or hardware on one of the terminals or for troubleshooting,
set the primary or secondary radio to Lock On and set the amount of time.
Enable Repeater/Hub configuration in TDM (T1/E1, DS3, OC3) cross-connect deployments with a
minimum of two pairs of MHS-enabled radios. To ensure MHS protection, enable this option on all
radios in the repeater/hub site. Far-end radios can have this option disabled if they are not deployed in
TDM cross-connect configuration at their repeater/hub site. Disable this option in standalone non
cross-connect deployments.

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Ethernet Rate Limiting Page

This page provides capability for the four Ethernet ports of the radio to perform rate limiting. This
feature is useful to keep the output information rate for the radio at or below the capability of
downstream networking equipment.

Figure 38 Ethernet Rate Limiting page

Rate limiting is by default disabled, and can be enabled per interface. The rate is specified in Mbps or
kbps. Use the Update button to save changes.

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Ethernet Learning Page

This page allows enabling or disabling Media Access Control (MAC) learning. This is a universal
setting for all Ethernet interfaces.

Figure 39 Ethernet Learning page

Some network configurations may broadcast the same MAC Source address on multiple interfaces,
and if learning is enabled, data transport errors can result. For these cases, disable learning to improve
networking functionality. However, disabling learning can cause unnecessary traffic to occupy the
interfaces and the radio link, and lead to lower throughput performance.

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VLAN Configuration Page

VLAN is disabled by default. The Exalt radios pass VLAN and non-VLAN traffic across the link, but
do not examine the VLAN traffic nor act upon it. Enable VLAN using the Exalt GUI for expanded
VLAN support.

Figure 40 VLAN Configuration page

The top table allows the configuration of the default VLAN assigned to each interface and the VLAN
used for radio management. VLAN may be enabled in one of three different ways:
• Enabled & Block Untagged: Where programmed VLANs from the bottom table are passed and all
other traffic is blocked.
• Enabled & Pass Untagged: Where programmed VLANs from the bottom table are passed,
untagged traffic is passed, and VLANs not in the table are blocked.
• Enabled & Tag Untagged: Where programmed VLANs from the bottom table are passed,
untagged traffic is tagged with the default VLAN assigned to the interface, and VLANs not in the
table are blocked.

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Note: Once a management VLAN is configured or modified and the Update Configuration
button clicked, the management connection will likely be lost. The management connection
to the radio must follow the configuration to the assigned VLAN. After configuring and
enabling the management VLAN on the radio, reconfigure your network’s management
access to match the settings on the radio.

In the bottom table, create a list of VLANs to pass on the selected interfaces. This list can be in the
form of individual VLAN IDs, separated by commas, and/or ranges of VLAN IDs. (for example, 105,
109. 111-145, 156, 254–275).
The “new value” list matches the “current value” list to allow easy editing by subtracting, adding, or
otherwise modifying the list before clicking Update.
Note: The VLAN IDs that are assigned to any interface should support the Function settings
on each interface as defined on the Ethernet Interface Configuration Page. For example, if
you entered a management VLAN ID and need to manage the radio out-of-band on connector
ETH2, the management VLAN ID should appear on ETH2 current value entry. If you need to
pass tagged management traffic across the radio link, the management VLAN ID should
appear on at least one Traffic port on both ends. Use a similar approach for default VLANs to
ensure that untagged traffic that has been tagged is available on the ports desired at each end.

VLAN configurations are maintained even when VLAN is disabled. That is, the VLANs can be
configured and the configuration saved, even though they are not active until VLAN is enabled. Use
the following methods to restore the management connection if a mistake was made assigning the
management VLAN and access cannot be restored:
• Reset the radio to the critical factory defaults (see Reset to Critical Factory Settings), or
Connect to the AUX port using a serial interface and the CLI, as described in Command Line Interface
(CLI), and reconfigure the VLAN settings.

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Ethernet Aggregation Page

This page allows enabling or disabling the Ethernet Aggregation function. When enabled, the radio
can be interconnected with other radios (typically in parallel) to aggregate the Ethernet traffic so that
only one connection is needed at each end without external routers or aggregating switches.

Figure 41 Ethernet Aggregation page

The radio that has Ethernet Aggregation enabled is the ‘primary’ radio in the aggregation arrangement,
and the EXP port can be connected to another radio’s EXP or GbE port or connected to a simple GbE
switch connected to other radio’s EXP ports and/or GbE ports.
The net result of this feature is that a set of radios appear as ONE connection to the LAN/WAN. If a
radio link fails or degrades for any reason, the capacity scales accordingly, up or down dynamically up
to a maximum of 1Gbps full-duplex.
For aggregation, all radios at one side of the link must be designated ‘East’ and at the other end,
designate all as ‘West.’ Each radio has an Aggregator ID that corresponds to the ‘Radio Link’
information at the bottom of the table. For the primary radio, the relative throughput percentages are
entered for each radio in the aggregation set. Radio Link 1 is the radio itself. For links running ACM,
use a percentage based on target modulation throughput (maximum). For example, in a two-radio link
aggregation scenario, if the primary radio carries 300Mbps full-duplex capacity at target modulation
and the second radio carries 200Mbps, then the percentage applied to Radio Link 1 Throughput should
be 60 and Radio Link 2 40.

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QoS Configuration Page

This page provides configuration for the Quality of Service (QoS) feature. QoS is a network
prioritizing feature that ensures high-priority traffic transfers during peak capacity demands. The
priority hierarchy is adhered to when capacity demand is higher than the link can provide; highest
priority traffic is allowed to transfer, while lowest priority traffic may be dropped.

Figure 42 QoS Configuration page

These systems follow a ‘round robin’ QoS algorithm, ensuring a distribution of priority traffic. Some
percentage of all priority classifications is carried across the link, with the largest percentage applied to
the highest priority, and next largest percentage to the next highest priority, and so on. This way low-
priority traffic is not ignored when there is a high capacity high-priority traffic stream.
This page has two tabs. The first tab defines how the priority is classified by traffic type entering the
radio. The following choices are available. Only one choice can be made:
• MAC DA (Media Access Control Destination Address): Prioritizes traffic based on the MAC
destination address (recipient of the traffic) in the packet header.
• MAC SA (Media Access Control Source Address): Prioritizes traffic based on the MAC source
address (sender of the traffic) in the packet header.
• VLAN ID (Virtual Local Area Network Identifier): Prioritizes traffic based on the VLAN ID tag in
the packet header.

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• 802.1p: Prioritizes traffic based on the 802.1p tag in the packet header.
Priority 7 is the highest priority traffic; priority 0 is the lowest. The default priority queue is assigned
to any traffic that does not comply to the selected priorities. For example, if MAC DA or MAC SA is
selected and a packet comes in that does not match any of the up to eight programmed addresses, it is
assigned to the queue selected as default, as are packets that do not have a VLAN ID or 802.1p tag, or
those tags do not match any tags listed (in the case of VLAN).

Figure 43 QoS Configuration page–Queue tab

The Queue tab provides assignments of two critical parameters for each queue: Time To Live (TTL) in
microseconds and Queue Size (as a percentage). The size of the queue (percentage) is calculated in
bytes.
The TTL selection range is from 100 to 100,000 microseconds (100 milliseconds). This is the time a
packet remains in the buffer for that queue before it is discarded. The shorter the TTL, the more
discards when traffic for that queue exceeds the assigned capacity (queue size percentage relative to
radio capacity). The longer the TTL, the less discards, but the longer the latency when traffic exceeds
the assigned capacity.
Percentage queue size adds up to 100% with the last entry (Priority Queue 0) the lowest priority.
Remaining traffic is automatically assigned to the default based on percentages allocated to the other
queues.

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It is important to assign some Queue Size Percentage (not zero) to any desired queue, including the
default queue. It is ideal to program these percentages similar to the actual percentage of traffic
matching these queues with emphasis on providing the highest percentage to the highest priority
queues to handle typical peak capacity.
With QoS implementations, there is a careful balance between the amount of traffic applied to
different queues by networking devices sending QoS traffic, as well as the two parameters controlled
on this page. Graphical QoS diagnostic information is provided on the QoS Charts Page for monitoring
traffic patterns of the different priorities and associated queues.

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Cross Connect (X Connect) Page

This page has two primary purposes. One is to determine the priority of TDM interfaces when ACM is
enabled and allocation for the associated TDM interfaces is different from one modulation to another.
The other is to allow a cross-connect function for port assignments from one end of the link to the
other.

Figure 44 Cross Connect (X Connect) page

For the priority selection function, for example, if allocation has been set to carry 16xT1 interfaces
under all conditions except for the lowest modulation setting, where only 4xT1 are allocated, the
priority 1 through 4 ports would remain active in the lowest modulation setting.
For the cross-connect function, the port numbers at both the near-end and far-end are mapped by the
administrator to determine traffic flow through the radio - for example, allowing traffic on Port 1 of
one radio to be virtually connected to Port 11 on the other. This can relieve the need to commission
external cross-connect or channel banks, or relieve an issue with a bad port or bad connection or cable
to a port by re-prioritizing and re-connecting it.

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ATPC Configuration Page

Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC) is often required by regulatory agencies for radio systems
in congested areas. The radio runs normally at a reduced output power level, and only raises its output
power when necessary, such as during a fade. Regulatory agencies may mandate the transmit power
standards used under normal conditions (set on the System Configuration Page), the maximum
transmit power used with ATPC, ATPC-specific timers, and operator evaluations of the link if and
when mandated conditions are exceeded.

Figure 45 ATPC Configuration page

• Enable ATPC Mode to allow more radio links to share a spectrum providing less opportunity for
interference.
On the Diagnostic Charts Page, the Far-End Transmit Power chart displays when any combination of
ATPC or Receiver Overload Protection is enabled.
• ATPC RSL Threshold determines the RSL where ATPC becomes active. When ATPC is enabled,
the far-end transmitter output power is increased to maintain the near-end ATPC receive threshold,
dB-for-dB, as the link fades or recovers. Enable ATPC on both ends of the link for proper
functionality.
• ATPC Max Tx Power controls the maximum power the radio transmits when ATPC is enabled.
The Radio Transmit Power value shown at the top of this table indicates that entry for ‘normal’
(low transmit power) operation, which is set on the System Configuration page.
• When the ATPC Timer Control timers are enabled, the ATPC maximum status alarm turns yellow
(minor) when the ATPC timers are exceeded (see Alarms Page). If timers are mandated, set the
ATPC threshold as low as possible to reduce the time that ATPC is active. Current timer status is
available on the ATPC Statistics Page. There are event log entries for all timer events.

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Alarms Page
This page provides an easy-to-read summary of the alarm status of both local and remote radios. The
colors on this page reflect the color of the alarms displayed on the radio front panel. However,
additional details display on this page to aid in quick assessment of issues and status.

Figure 46 Alarms page

Table 5 lists alarm status conditions that appear on this page.

Table 5 Alarm status indicators

Label Status

Link Indicates RF link status:

Green Solid = Error-free connection (BER<10e-6)
Yellow Solid = Errored connection (10e-3>BER >10e-6)
Red Solid = No link (BER>10e-3)

ETH1/2 and SFP 1/2 Green Solid = Data present

Red Solid = No data present (and alarms are enabled)
Grey = No data present (and alarm not enabled)

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Table 5 Alarm status indicators (Continued)

Label Status

DS3/OC3 Input Green = Enabled and connection present (clocking confirmed)

Red = Enabled and no connection present
Yellow = Disabled and connection present
Grey = Disabled or unavailable due to configuration

T1/E1 Input Green = Enabled and connection present (clocking confirmed)

Red = Enabled and no connection present
Yellow = Disabled and connection present
Grey = Disabled or unavailable due to configuration

IDU/ODU Temperature Green Solid = Normal temperature range

Yellow Solid = Exceeding normal temperature range

Cable Green = ODU/IDU cable tests without issue

Red = ODU/IDU cable fault or disconnection, or complete ODU failure

ODU Status Green = ODU tests without issue

Red = ODU failure

Tx Mute When Tx Mute feature is enabled:

Green = If Tx is active (not muted)
Yellow = If Tx is muted

External Inputs (1 and 2) Indicates the status of the external alarm inputs from the ALARMS connector, in accordance
with the open/closed logic defined on the System Configuration Page.

Link Security Green = Security keys match

Red = Security keys do not match
Grey = Link is down

Additional alarm entries display for certain configurations, as listed in Table 6.

Table 6 Additional alarm status indicators

Label Status

Expansion Port Alarm When MHS, Frequency Diversity, Errorless Switching, or Aggregation is enabled:
Green = Expansion Port Data is valid
Yellow = Expansion Port Data is not valid or missing

Protection Port Alarm When Errorless Switching is enabled:

Green = Protection Port connection is valid
Yellow = Protection Port connection is not valid or missing

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Table 6 Additional alarm status indicators (Continued)

Label Status

MHS/Diversity Alarm When MHS or Frequency Diversity is enabled:

Green = MHS configuration is correct and Protection Port data is valid
Yellow = MHS configuration is mismatched or Protection Port data is not valid or missing

Internal Fan Alarm Some models have this alarm:

Green = All fans are working
Yellow = One fan is in alarm
Red = 2 or more fans are in alarm

Link Main Alarm When MHS, Frequency Diversity or Errorless Switching is enabled:
Green = The local radio RF is good
Yellow = The local radio RF is BER=10e-6 or worse

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MHS/Diversity Status Page

This page provides information regarding the status of MHS and SD configuration and alarms.

Figure 47 MHS/Diversity Status page

The 'local' radio is the IDU that you are logged into, and the 'partner' information is the IDU that is
configured as it's MHS and/or SD partner. One of these must be designated as Primary, while the other
is designated as Secondary (see MHS/Diversity Configuration Page).
The Radio Status indicates which radio is being used for the link and which one is on standby.
The Protection Link status refers to the communications between the PROT ports of the IDUs.
The Configuration status indicates if there are any mis-matches in required configurations between the
two IDUs. The following items must match between partner radios:
• Hi/Lo ODU orientation
• one terminal must be primary and the other secondary
• all TDM enabled channels and their respective alarm enabled states
• Ethernet traffic/management, alarming and muting
The Expansion Link status refers to the communications between the EXP ports on the IDUs.

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Performance Page
This page provides statistical information about system performance in relation to the integrity of the
user data and the RF link. Figure 48 illustrates the Performance Page for a typical radio configuration
without MHS, SD, or FD. Figure 49 illustrates the Performance page for MHS SD, or FD
configurations.

Figure 48 Performance page–no MHS/SD/FD

• The Current BER field indicates the current bit error rate of the link. If the link is operating
perfectly, this should indicate zero. Generally, the link should remain at a BER less than 1x10-6 (1
bit out of every million bits errored). This is the threshold performance specification and the
standard to which the link was engineered. However, radio links can and are affected by weather,
interference, and other external sources and will occasionally have a higher error rate. A link
remains operational unless the BER exceeds 1x10-3 (1 bit out of every hundred bits errored).
Consult the link design engineer for an understanding of the predicted error rate of the radio link as
it has been designed.
Many applications are unaffected by bit errors, but TDM circuits (for example, T1 or E1) are more
sensitive. Also, if the link operator is providing a service guarantee, this value may need to be
monitored or examined in cases of service issues. The behavior of BER in relation to other alarms
or measurements and external events can be very helpful in troubleshooting activities.
• Current RSL is the measurement of the received signal level at the radio antenna port. This is the
measured level of the RF signal coming from the opposite end of the radio link. The link was
engineered to a specific RSL by the link design engineer, and this RSL should be obtained during
installation and remain relatively stable during the operation of the link. RSL can and will vary as
a result of weather changes and other external sources, such as path obstructions. Once again, this
variation was part of the original design to achieve a certain level of performance over time. Bit
errors occur when the RSL falls to a level within roughly 3dB of the threshold specification. When
the RSL falls below the threshold specification, the link disconnects and will not reconnect until

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the RSL is above the threshold specification. The behavior of RSL in relation to other alarms or
measurements and external events can be very helpful in troubleshooting activities.
• Errored Seconds (ES) indicates the total number of seconds that occurred where there was at least
one bit error since the last time that the radio statistics counter was reset. Generally, ES are not a
significant concern, as long as they are not continuous or above the anticipated performance based
on the original link engineering goals. Continuous or high-rate ES indicates poor link performance
due to poor RSL or interference, or severe impact by weather or other environmental factors.
However, similar to the performance factors previously listed, ES can and will occur in any radio
link. Once again, consult the link engineer to determine the original design goals, and compare
actual performance to these expectations to determine if any improvements are necessary or if
other problems may be causing excessive ES.

Note: Unavailable Seconds do not register as ES. In other words, the ES counter counts all
seconds that are errored NOT INCLUDING the seconds that were classified as unavailable.
The total number of seconds with errors or outages is the sum of ES and Unavailable
Seconds.

• Unavailable Seconds (also called UAS) are similar to ES, but this counter keeps track of every
second where the bit error rate equals or exceeds 1x10-3, as well as any seconds where there is a
complete loss of radio communication, over the period since the last counter reset. continuous or
high-rate UAS indicates poor link performance due to poor RSL or interference, or severe impact
by weather or other environmental factors. However, similar to the performance factors listed
above, Unavailable Seconds can and do occur in any radio link. Consult the link engineer to
determine the original design goals, and compare actual performance to these expectations to
determine if any improvements are necessary or if other problems may be causing excessive
Unavailable Seconds.
• Minimum RSL indicates the worst (lowest) received signal level that occurred since the last
counter reset. It is helpful to know if the RSL dropped significantly from the normal level, or has
reached a level near or below threshold.
• Minimum RSL Timestamp indicates the date and time when the Minimum RSL occurred. This is
helpful for general troubleshooting, and especially comparing to items in the event log or
diagnostic charts from the same time period.
• (ATPC enabled) Far-End Transmit Power and Max Far End Tx Timestamp provide an instant
record to assist with the interpretation of the current RSL as it relates to ATPC and actively
changing the far-end transmit power. The timestamp is recorded for the last instance that
maximum far-end transmit power initiated.
• Maximum RSL indicates the best (highest) RSL that occurred since the last counter reset. This
indicates the best performance of the radio link, which is normally equal to the installed value, and
is usually the designed value.
• Time Since Reset indicates the amount of time passed since the last counter reset. This helps to
quantify the seriousness of other statistics, such as ES and Unavailable Seconds, if there have been
high numbers of ES and/or Unavailable Seconds over a relatively short period of time.
All end-of-link statistics can be independently reset using the respective reset statistics button for
the local or remote radio. It is good practice to reset the statistics during link commissioning (after
all antenna alignment is complete and stable RSL at designed levels is achieved, and no more
system reboots are anticipated). Regularly review this page to record performance and reset
statistics so that the counters can more precisely pinpoint issues.

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Note: Resetting statistics from one end also resets the statistics for the radio at the opposite
end. That is, if the Local statistics are reset, logging into the remote end shows the Remote
statistics on that end (which is the local radio in the first condition) as being reset at the same
time.
For Space Diversity and/or MHS configurations, the Performance page illustrates additional
information, as shown in Figure 49.

Figure 49 Performance page–MHS/SD/FD enabled

The information provided in this table is the same as the information described above, but three
columns of information are provided for some of the statistics.
• The System column provides information for the 'system', showing the performance of the MHS/
Diversity link as a whole, combining the performance that has applied to the link during operation
and the present performance.
• The Main column provides information for the terminal that you are logged into.
• The Partner column provides information for the terminal that is the partner to the terminal that
you are logged into.

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ATPC Statistics Page

Timers on this page provides information when the Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC)
function and timers are enabled. Regulations require timers for ATPC and ATPC may not operate over
the authorized time (up to 5 minutes at maximum allowed power without returning to target RSL, thus
returning to normal far-end transmit power).

Figure 50 ATPC Statistics page

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Event Log Page

Use this page to review a list of the events logged by the radio. The following items are listed in the
event log:
• Alarms
• Alarms clearing (normal)
• Radio reboots
• Radio configuration changes
• System logins
Every event is tagged with the time that the event occurred, and a severity and type. The event log also
allows filtering to limit the view of the log to only the level(s) of desired information.
The log contains the last 1000 events. Events are deleted on a FIFO basis, erasing the oldest entries to
make room for the newest entries. The event log can be cleared and downloaded from the file transfer
page (some models may require a software upgrade to enable this feature).

Figure 51 Event Log page

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Diagnostic Charts Page

This troubleshooting aid illustrates the historical (and current) performance for these parameters: RSL,
Radio Temperature, Far End Tx Power, and BER.

Figure 52 Diagnostic Charts page

The horizontal scale illustrates 120 points of time measurement and is synchronized on all three
graphs. The scale displays in minutes, hours, or days from the last two hours (120 minutes), five days
(120 hours), or four months (120 days). All information is stored, so all of these periods are available
for short- and long-term performance analysis. The right side of a graph represents the most recent
measurement, and data ‘marches’ from the right-to-left at every interval.
The vertical scale of each chart independently scales to show the maximum resolution based on the
maximum variation of the data over the selected time measurement.
Use the cursor to point to any spot on any of the three charts, and all three charts illustrate the
measurements taken for that time interval in the upper-left corner of each chart. The time interval is
indicated by T=(value). This is followed by the value of the measurement, listing the highest value,
lowest value, and average value measured over that time interval.
For example, if the displayed time interval is minutes, and the cursor is held at the T=17 mark on the
horizontal axis, the measurements shown indicate performance from 17 minutes ago. The high/low/
average values shown on each chart are measurements made across that specific one-minute interval.
Changes in RSL often impact BER. This can be confirmed by looking for synchronized events. BER
events that occur without corresponding changes in RSL indicate interference, atmospheric changes,

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transmission system issues (such as problems with cables, connectors or antennas), or possibly radio
hardware problems.
For MHS/SD configurations, the Diagnostics chart offers the selection of information to display in
three formats:
• System displays the performance of the MHS/Diversity link as a whole, combining the
performance that has applied to the link during operation.
• The Main column provides information for the terminal that you are logged into.
• The Partner column provides information for the terminal that is the partner to the terminal that
you are logged into.

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QoS Charts Page

This page provides graphical analysis of the QoS function.

Figure 53 QoS Charts page

Four options are set above the charts:
• Period of time for the charts display (up to 120 minutes, or hours or days)
• Packets Dropped displays packets dropped by TTL, by Overflow, or both.
• Show Legend displays the legend in each chart (to illustrate colors assigned to different parameters
in the chart)
• Queue displays all queues, selected queues only, or in any combination.
Packets dropped and queue utilization are measured every second. The Max, Min, and Average are
computed for every time segment displayed. For example, there are 60 one-second measurements in a
minute, so if Minute is the selected display, each vertical pixel group represents the maximum and
minimum measurement during that minute, and averages the 60 measurements.
• If the left chart illustrates a high number of dropped packets due to overflow, increase the
percentage of the queue assigned to overflowing queues , but be careful not to ‘starve’ high-
priority queues to the point where they overflow. A few adjustments might be necessary to find the
right balance between the typical traffic patterns of the network and the settings of this parameter
per queue.
• If the left chart illustrates that there are a high number of dropped packets due to TTL, then it
would generally be suggested to increase the TTL parameter for those queues. However, high TTL
can result in higher latency, so for latency-sensitive applications, some monitoring may be
necessary to assure that latency does not exceed tolerable levels. Again, several iterative
adjustments may be necessary to find a good balance for this setting relative to the traffic patterns
on the network.

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The chart on the right is provided to aid in making decisions for the adjustments mentioned above.
With this chart, during periods where high packet drops are occurring, the corresponding time frame
can be viewed here to evaluate the actual utilization of each queue, helping you to determine which
queues may be good candidates to reduce queue percentage and/or increase TTL. For example, if a
particular queue has high overflow rate, the other queues could be reviewed to look for where there is
no overflow and utilization is low.

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Transmit Mute Page

Transmit Mute is provided to allow control to turn off (and back on) the transmitter of either the near-
end or far-end radio.

Figure 54 Transmit Mute page

Use Transmit Mute in the following applications:
• There is a regulatory requirement to temporarily or permanently turn off the transmitter
• During a spectrum analysis while either or both radios are not transmitting
• To take an RSL background measurement with the far-end transmitter muted
From either end of the radio link, muting of either or both the far-end and near-end transmitters is
possible. If both ends are desired, mute the far-end transmitter first.

Note: Un-muting can only be accomplished from the same end where the mute function was
executed. The only way to un-mute a radio that was originally muted from the opposite end is
to perform a Reset to Critical Factory Settings.

Note: Transmitter muting is persistent through a power cycle or reboot of the radio.

Timers track when muting was initiated and how long the mute function has been enabled for both
ends of the link.

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Reboot Page
Use this page to reboot the radio. The function may never be required, but can be used in emergencies.
All configurations that require a reboot automatically reboot on administrator confirmation.

Figure 55 Reboot page

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Manual Page
The manual (this document or the version that matches the installed firmware) is available within the
GUI. Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.5 or higher is required (go to www.adobe.com to download the free
Acrobat Reader). Click the Manual link to display the manual within the browser window. Once the
manual displays, click the save button on the PDF toolbar to download the manual locally.

Figure 56 Manual page

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Specifications
This section presents specifications for Exalt EX-s Series GigE Digital Microwave Radios.

Physical Specifications
Physical Configuration
IDU Dimensions (HxWxD) 1RU: 1.7" x 17" x 11"/44 x 483 x 280 cm
ODU Dimensions Circular: 10.5”/26.7cm diameter; 3.5”/8.9cm depth
Elliptical: 10.9 x 9.4 x 3.6 in (27.7 x 23.9 x 9 cm)
Weight IDU: 9.5lbs/4.3kg
ODU: ≤9.5 lbs/4kg
Operating Temperature IDU: –10 to +55°C / +14 to +131°F
ODU: –40 to +55°C / –40 to +131°F
Full Spec Temperature IDU: –5 to +50°C / +23 to +122°F
ODU: –33 to +50°C / –27 to +122°F
Altitude 15,000'/4.6 km
Humidity IDU: 95% non-condensing
ODU: 100% condensing
Safety EN 60950-1, IEC 60950-1, UL 60950-1
EMC Compliance FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210, CISPR 22, EN301 489-1
Environmental IDU: based on GR-63-CORE
ODU: NEMA4/IP56, EN 310 126-1
Radio (RF) Compliance FCC Part 101, IC SRSP-305.9, SRSP-306.4, EN302 217

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Common System Specifications

Tuning Resolution 5MHz or higher, depending upon regulation and bandwidth selection
Power Control Step Size 0.5dB
Selectable Modulation Modes QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and 256QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50MHz, depending on regulation
Full Duplex Capacity (Mbps) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
5MHz n/a n/a 19 23 27 31
10MHz 14 29 38 46 54 62
20MHz 30 61 78 94 109 126
30MHz 45 92 116 140 164 187
40MHz 62 125 158 190 220 252
50MHz 78 157 198 238 276 315

QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

7MHz 11 21 27 32 37 42
14MHz 21 43 54 64 75 86
28MHz 43 86 107 129 159 171
36MHz 86 171 214 257 318 366

Error Floor 10–12

Frequency Stability +7 ppm
Emission Designator(s) 5MHz 5M0D7WD
10MHz 10M0D7WD
20MHz 20M0D7WD
30MHz 30M0D7WD
40MHz 40M0D7WD
50MHz 50M0D7WD

Link Security 96-bit Security Code, NIST FIPS-197 128-bit AES, and 256-bit AES
optional
Maximum Packet Size 9728 bytes
Ethernet Latency <100µS at full throughput (GbE)

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FCC Lower 6GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 5.925–6.425GHz
T/R Spacing 252.04 MHz
Output Power (at full power) +24dBm at 64QAM
+24dBm at 128QAM
+22dBm at 256 QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz, and 30MHz
Receiver Threshold dBm (BER=10–6)
64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
5MHz –78 –75 –71
10MHz –75 –72 –68
20MHz – –69 –
30MHz –70 –67 –62

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK–256QAM

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FCC Upper 6GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 6.425–6.815GHz
T/R Spacing 160 MHz
Output Power (at full power) +24dBm at 64QAM
+24dBm at 128QAM
+22dBm at 256 QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 5MHz, 10MHz, and 30MHz
Receiver Threshold dBm(BER=10–6)
64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
5MHz –78 –75 –71
10MHz –75 –72 –68
30MHz –70 –67 –62

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK–256QAM

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FCC 11GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 10.700–11.700GHz
T/R Spacing 490, 500MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power)
Standard Power Upgradea
16QAM +24.5 +28
32QAM +20.5 +28
64QAM +18 +27
128QAM +18 +26
256 QAM +16 +25
a. Power upgrade is a licensed option to improve system gain when
required; requires software release version 2.0.0 or later and
E11HR0490XX ODUs.

Selectable Channel Bandwidths 5MHz, 10MHz, 30MHz, and 40MHz

Receiver Threshold dBm (BER=10–6) 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
5MHz – –82 –80 –76 –
10MHz – –79 –77 –73 –
30MHz –78 –74 –70 –68 –65
40MHz –77 –73 –71 –67 –64

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK–256QAM

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FCC 18GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 17.700–19700GHz
T/R Spacing 1560MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power) +22.5 at QPSK
+19 at 16QAM
+19 at 32QAM
+17 at 64QAM
+17 at 128QAM
+15 at 256QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz, 30MHz, 40MHz, and 50MHz
Receiver Threshold dBm (BER=10–6)
QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

5MHz – – – –78 –75 –

10MHz –87 –81 –78 –75 –72 –68

20MHz –84 –78 –75 –72 –69 –65

30MHz –82 –76 –73 –70 –67 –63

40MHz –81 –75 –72 –69 –66 –62

50MHz –80 –74 –71 –68 –65 –61

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK–256QAM

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FCC 23GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 21.200–23.610GHz
T/R Spacing 1200MHz
Output Power (at full power) +22.5dBm at QPSK
+19dBm at 16QAM
+19dBm at 32QAM
+16dBm at 64QAM
+16dBm at 128QAM
+14dBm at 256QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz, 30MHz, 40MHz, and 50MHz
Receiver Threshold (BER=10–6)
QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
5MHz – – – –77 –74 –
10MHz –86 –80 –77 –74 –71 –67
20MHz –83 –77 –74 –71 –68 –64
30MHz –81 –75 –72 –69 –66 –62
40MHz –80 –74 –71 –68 –65 –61
50MHz –79 –73 –70 –67 –64 –60

Maximum error–free RSL –25dBm at QPSK–256QAM

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FCC 28GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 27.500–28.350GHz
T/R Spacing 450MHz
Output Power (at full power) +25dBm at QPSK
+22dBm at 16QAM
+22dBm at 32QAM
+19dBm at 64QAM
+19dBm at 128QAM
+17dBm at 256QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 5MHz 10MHz, 20MHz, 30MHz, 40MHz, 50MHz, and 56MHza
Receiver Threshold (BER=10–6) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
5MHz – – – –77 –74 –
10MHz – –80 –77 –74 –71 –67
20MHz –83 –77 –74 –71 –68 –64
30MHz –81 –75 –72 –69 –66 –62
40MHz –80 –74 –71 –68 –65 –61
50MHz –79 –73 –70 –67 –64 –60
56MHz –77 –71 –68 –65 –62 –58

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK–256QAM

a. Requires 1000E IDU version.

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FCC 38GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 38.595–40.100GHz
T/R Spacing 700MHz
Output Power (at full power) +20.5dBm at QPSK
+16.5dBm at 16QAM
+16.5dBm at 32QAM
+14dBm at 64QAM
+14dBm at 128QAM
+11.5dBm at 256QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 10MHz. 20MHz, 30MHz, 40MHz, 50MHz
Receiver Threshold (BER=10–6)
QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
10MHz – –80 –77 –74 –71 –67
20MHz –81 –75 –72 –69 –66 –64
30MHz –79 –73 –70 –67 –64 –62
40MHz –80 –74 –71 –68 –65 –61
50MHz –79 –73 –70 –67 –64 –60

Maximum error–free RSL –25dBm at QPSK–256QAM

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ETSI/ITU 6GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 5.925–6.425GHz
T/R Spacing 154, 161, 168, 196, and 245 MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power)
Standard High Power
QPSK – +30
16QAM – +28
32QAM – +28
64QAM – +24
128QAM – +24
256QAM – +22

Selectable Channel Bandwidths 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz, and 30MHz

Receiver Threshold (BER=10–6) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
5MHz –89 –82 –78 –76 –73 –70
10MHz –86 –81 –78 –75 –72 –68
20MHz –84 –77 –74 –71 –68 –63
30MHz –83 –76 –73 –70 –67 –64

Maximum error–free RSL –25dBm at QPSK at 64QAM

–27dBm at 128QAM
–30dBm at 256QAM

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ETSI/ITU 7GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 7.125–7.900GHz
T/R Spacing 154, 161, 168, 196, and 245 MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power)
Standard High Power
QPSK +25.5 +30
16QAM +22 +28
32QAM +21.5 +28
64QAM +20.5 +25
128QAM +20 +25
256QAM +18.5 +23

Selectable Channel Bandwidths 7MHz, 14MHz, 28MHz, and 56MHz

Receiver Threshold (BER=10–6) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
7MHz –89 –82 –78 –76 –73 –70
14MHz –86 –79 –76 –73 –70 –67
28MHz –83 –76 –73 –70 –67 –64
56MHz –80 –73 –70 –67 –64 –61

Maximum error–free RSL –25dBm at QPSK at 64QAM

–27dBm at 128QAM
–30dBm at 256QAM

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ETSI/ITU 8GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 7.900–8.500GHz
T/R Spacing 119, 266, 311.32MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power)
Standard High Power
QPSK +25.5 +30
16QAM +22 +28
32QAM +21.5 +28
64QAM +20.5 +25
128QAM +20 +25
256QAM +18.5 +23

Selectable Channel Bandwidths 7MHz, 14MHz, 28MHz, and 56MHz

Receiver Threshold dBm (BER=10–6) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
7MHz –88 –82 –78 –76 –73 –70
14MHz –85 –79 –76 –73 –70 –67
28MHz –82 –76 –73 –70 –67 –64
56MHz –79 –73 –70 –67 –64 –61

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK at 64QAM

–27dBm at 128QAM
–30dBm at 256QAM

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ETSI/ITU 13GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 12.750–13.250GHz
T/R Spacing 266MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power)
Standard High Power
QPSK +24.5 +26
16QAM +20.5 +24
32QAM +20 +24
64QAM +18.5 +20
128QAM +18 +20
256QAM +16.5 +18

Selectable Channel Bandwidths 7MHz, 14MHz, 28MHz, and 56MHz

Receiver Threshold dBm (BER=10–6) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
7MHz –89 –82 –78 –76 –73 –70
14MHz –86 –79 –76 –73 –70 –67
28MHz –83 –76 –73 –70 –67 –64
56MHz –80 –73 –70 –67 –64 –61

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK at 64QAM

–27dBm at 128QAM
–30dBm at 256QAM

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ETSI/ITU 15GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 14.500–15.350GHz
T/R Spacing 315, 420, 490, 728MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power)
Standard High Power
QPSK +24.5 +26
16QAM +20.5 +24
32QAM +20 +24
64QAM +18.5 +20
128QAM +18 +20
256QAM +16.5 +18

Selectable Channel Bandwidths 7MHz, 14MHz, 28MHz, and 56MHz

Receiver Threshold dBm (BER=10–6) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
7MHz –89 –82 –78 –76 –73 –70
14MHz –86 –79 –76 –73 –70 –67
28MHz –83 –76 –73 –70 –67 –64
56MHz –80 –73 –70 –67 –64 –61

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK at 64QAM

–27dBm at 128QAM
–30dBm at 256QAM

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ETSI/ITU 18GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 17.700–19.700GHz
T/R Spacing 1010 MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power) +25.5 at QPSK
+23 at 16QAM
+23 at 32QAM
+19 at 64QAM
+19 at 128QAM
+17 at 256QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 7MHz, 14MHz, 28MHz, and 56MHz
Receiver Threshold dBm (BER=10–6) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
7MHz –89 –82 –78 –76 –73 –70
14MHz –86 –79 –76 –73 –70 –67
28MHz –83 –76 –73 –70 –67 –64
56MHz –80 –73 –70 –67 –64 –61

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK at 64QAM

–27dBm at 128QAM
–30dBm at 256QAM

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ETSI/ITU 23GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 21.200–23.610GHz
T/R Spacing 1008, 1232MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power) +25 at QPSK
+23 at 16QAM
+23 at 32QAM
+19 at 64QAM
+19 at 128QAM
+17 at 256QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 7MHz, 14MHz, 28MHz, and 56MHz
Receiver Threshold dBm (BER=10–6) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
7MHz –87 –81 –77 –75 –72 –69
14MHz –84 –78 –75 –72 –69 –66
28MHz –81 –75 –72 –69 –66 –63
56MHz –78 –72 –69 –66 –63 –60

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK at 64QAM

–27dBm at 128QAM
–30dBm at 256QAM

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ETSI/ITU 26GHz Specifications

Note: Specifications for the 26GHz band were not available at publication. Consult the Exalt
data sheet for this product for the latest specifications.

Frequency Band 24.550–26.450 GHz

T/R Spacing 1008 MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power) +25 at QPSK
+22 at 16QAM
+22 at 32QAM
+19 at 64QAM
+19 at 128QAM
+17 at 256QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 7, 14, 28 and 56MHz
Receiver Threshold dBm (BER=10–6) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
7MHz –87 –81 –77 –75 –72 –69
14MHz –84 –78 –75 –72 –69 –66
28MHz –81 –75 –72 –69 –66 –63
56MHz –78 –72 –69 –66 –63 –60

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK at 64QAM

–27dBm at 128QAM
–30dBm at 256QAM

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ETSI/ITU 38GHz Specifications

Frequency Band 38.595–40.100sGHz
T/R Spacing 1260 MHz
Output Power dBm (at full power) +23 at QPSK
+20 at 16QAM
+20 at 32QAM
+17 at 64QAM
+17 at 128QAM
+15 at 256QAM
Selectable Channel Bandwidths 7MHz, 14MHz, 28MHz, and 56MHz
Receiver Threshold dBm (BER=10–6) QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM
7MHz –86 –80 –76 –74 –71
14MHz –83 –77 –74 –71 –68
28MHz –80 –74 –71 –68 –65
56MHz –77 –71 –68 –65 –62

Maximum error-free RSL –25dBm at QPSK at 64QAM

–27dBm at 128QAM
–30dBm at 256QAM

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Interfaces
RF
ODU to Antenna Connector Proprietary, direct-mount coupler
ODU-to-IDU Connector N-type female on both IDU and ODU
Impedance 50 Ohms

T1/E1 (x4, x8, or x16)

Connector RJ-45 (RJ48C), female
T1 Impedance 100 Ohms, balanced
T1 Line Codes AMI, B8ZS, selectable
T1 LBO Settings (in ft.) 0–133, 133–266, 266–399, 399–533, 533–655
T1 Clocking Speed 1.544 Mbps
T1 Compliance ANSI T1.102–1987; ITU-T; G.823; GR-49T–CORE
E1 Impedance 120 Ohms, balanced
E1 Line Codes HDB3
E1 Clocking Speed 2.048 Mbps
E1 Compliance CEPT-1; G.703; ITU-T-G703

Ethernet (copper)
Connectors RJ-45, female, auto-MDIX
Interface Speed 10, 100, or 1000 Mbps
Duplex Half, full, auto, selectable
Compliance 802.3

Ethernet (SFP)
Connectors SFP
Interface Speed 1000Mbps
Duplex Full
Compliance 802.3

AUX (Serial)
Connector 9-pin sub-D, female
Interface Speed 9600 bps
Compliance EIA-574 DTE (RS-232)

Alarm
Connector 9-pin sub-D, female
Inputs (2) TTL/Closure
Outputs (2) Relay (Form C)

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DS3 (In and Out)

Connector BNC, female
DS3 Impedance 75 Ohms, unbalanced
DS3 Line Code B3ZS
DS3 LBO Settings (in ft.) 0–133, 133–266, 266–399, 399–533, 533–655
DS3 Clocking Speed 44.736 Mbps
DS3 Compliance ANSI T1.102-1993; GR-499-CORE

OC3 / STM–1
Connector SFP, Single-mode LC Transceiver
Line Code Binary Scrambled NRZ CMI
Clocking Speed 155.52MHz
Compliance ITU-T G.957; G.703 GR-253-CORE
RxTx 1310 nm (Short Range 15km) Rx: –31 to –7dBm, Tx: –15 to 0dBm
1310 nm (Long Range 40km) Rx: –35 to 0dBm, Tx: –5 to 0dBm

Power
Consumption: <115W (2.5A @ 48V; 5.0A @24V)
48V-only version Connector 2-pin barrier strip
Voltage 48VDC floating
Wide-mouth version
Connector 3-pin barrier strip
Voltage ±20–60VDC
AC Adapter (sold separately) 100–240VAC, 2.5A
Output 48VDC, 3A, 150W

Compatible SFP Connectors

The following items have been tested and certified/screened for appropriate safety and EMI/RFI
standards. All other SFP vendors and devices are likely compatible and compliant, but not specifically
tested with the Exalt product.

Vendor Model Number Type

Avago Technologies AFBR-5710ALZ Multi-Mode Fiber
Avago Technologies AFCT-5710ALZ Single-Mode Fiber
Finisar FCLF-8521-3 Copper
Finisar FTLF-8519P2BTL Multi-Mode Fiber
Finisar FTLF1318P2BTL Single-Mode Fiber
FiberXon FTM-8012C-SLiG Multi-Mode Fiber
Avago Technologies ABCU-5710RZ Copper

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Interface Connections
This section provides the pin number assignment and wiring information for the connectors on the EX-
s Series GigE radios. All connectors are shown as viewed from the radio front panel.

T1/E1 Connections
There are two orientations of T1/E1 connections. Channels 1 and 2 have the securing tab towards the
top of the connector while Channels 3 and 4 have the securing tab towards the bottom of the connector.
Figure 57 illustrates the pin orientation and functionality of these connectors.

Pin Function
1 Tip Out (from radio)
2 Ring Out (from radio)
3 Ground
4 Tip In (to radio)
5 Ring In (to radio)
6 Ground
7 Unused
8 Unused

Figure 57 T1/E1 connectors

Ethernet Connections
There are two orientations of RJ-45 Ethernet connections. Figure 58 illustrates the pin orientation and
functionality of these connectors.

Pin Function
1 Paired with Pin 2
2 Paired with Pin 1
3 Paired with Pin 6
4 Unused
5 Unused
6 Paired with Pin 3
7 Unused
8 Unused

Figure 58 Ethernet connectors

The Ethernet connections implement Auto-MDIX, and therefore either straight or crossover Ethernet
cables can be used, independent of the wiring of the connected device.
Depending on the settings for NMS (in-band or out-of-band), the Ethernet ports can access the far-end
radio (if in-band) or not (out-of-band). For out-of-band, only the ports designated for management

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traffic can access the GUI, while only the ports designated for traffic carry Ethernet traffic across the
link.

Alarm Connector
The Alarm connector provides two alarm outputs that can be connected to external alarm collection
equipment. The connector also allows connection of up to two external alarm sources, where the radio
reports the status of these connections through the radio network management. Output alarm
connections are ‘Form C’ style connections, performing alarm logic based on either Normally Opened
(NO) or Normally Closed (NC) connections compared to a Common (C) pin. Input alarm connections
can be TTL logic or NO/NC style relay closures.

Pin Function
1 Alarm Output 1 - NO

2 Alarm Output 1 - NC

3 Ground (for Alarm Inputs)

4 Alarm Output 2 – NO

5 Alarm Output 2 – NC

6 Alarm Output 1 – Common

7 Alarm Input 1

8 Alarm Input 2

9 Alarm Output 2 – Common

Figure 59 Alarm Connector

Alarm Output 1 is in alarm any time that there is a traffic-impacting alarm condition (Major). Alarm
Output 2 is in alarm any time that there is an alarm that is not traffic-impacting (Minor).
The administrator can set the polarity of the alarm inputs.

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AUX Connector
The AUX connector provides a serial interface for the Command Line Interface (CLI) functions.
Typically, a straight-through serial cable is used between a computer’s serial port and the AUX
connector.

Pin Function
1 Unused
2 Tx (from radio)
3 Rx (into radio)
4 Unused
5 Ground
6 Unused
7 Unused
8 Unused
9 Unused

Figure 60 AUX Connector

DC Power Connector
Warning: On the IDU, the N-type connector labeled TO ODU has DC voltage potential
between the center pin and ground. Do not connect to this coaxial connection while power
is applied to the radio. Disengage power first, connect both ends of this connection, and
then apply power.

Depending on the IDU model, the DC connector is either a 2-pin connector accepting a 48VDC
floating connection or a 3-pin connector accepting a wide-mouth +/- 20–60VDC connection.

Figure 61 DC Power Connector — floating 48V version and wide-mouth +/- 20–60V version

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Antennas and Related Equipment

Exalt recommends the antennas listed in the following tables. These antennas allow direct mounting of
the ODU. Direct mounting eliminates transmission line losses, improves performance, and simplifies
installation.

Table 7 Recommended 6GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)
RadioWaves HP6-59RR 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 39.0

Table 8 Recommended ETSI/ITU 7GHz & 8GHz antennas (circular waveguide, direct-coupled)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)

Andrew VHLP2-7W-RC1 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 30.7
Andrew VHLP2.5-7W-RC1 3’/900mmSolid Parabolic Dish 33.9
Andrew VHLP4-7W-RC1A 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 37.3
Andrew VHLP6-7W-RC1A 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 40.8
RadioWaves HP2-77RR 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 30.7
RadioWaves HP3-77RR 3’/900mmSolid Parabolic Dish 33.9
RadioWaves HP4-77RR 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 36.7
RadioWaves HP6-77RR 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 39.9
RFS SU2-W71REC 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 31.3
RFS SU4-W71REC 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 36.9
RFS SU6-W71REC 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 40.8

Table 9 Recommended 11GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)
Andrew VHLP2-11-RR1 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 34.4
Andrew VHLP800-11-RR1 3’/900mmSolid Parabolic Dish 38.1
Andrew VHLP4-11-RR1A 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 40.4
Andrew VHLP6-11-RR1A 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 43.8
RadioWaves HP2-11RR 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 33.4
RadioWaves HP3-11RR 3’/900mmSolid Parabolic Dish 36.9
RadioWaves HP4-11RR 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 39.4
RadioWaves HP6-11R 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 42.9

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Table 10 Recommended ETSI/ITU 13GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)
Andrew VHLP1-13-RR1 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 30.9
Andrew VHLP2-13-RR1 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 35.8
Andrew VHLP2.5-13-RR1 2.5’/760mm Solid Parabolic Dish 38.4
Andrew VHLP4-13-RR1A 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 42
Andrew VHLP6-13-RR1A 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 45.2
RadioWaves HP2-13RR 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 35.9
RadioWaves HP3-13RR 3’/900mmSolid Parabolic Dish 38.7
RadioWaves HP4-13RR 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 41.9
RadioWaves HP6-13RR 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 44.4
RFS SB2-127REC 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 36.7
RFS SB4-127REC 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 41.5
RFS SU6B-127REC 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 45.1

Table 11 Recommended ETSI/ITU 15GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)
Andrew VHLP1-15-RR1 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 32.1
Andrew VHLP2-15-RR1 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 36.8
Andrew VHLP2.5-15-RR1 2.5’/760mm Solid Parabolic Dish 39.7
Andrew VHLP4-15-RR1A 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 42.9
Andrew VHLP6-15-RR1A 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 46.2
RadioWaves HP2-15RR 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 37.0
RadioWaves HP3-15RR 3’/900mmSolid Parabolic Dish 40.0
RadioWaves HP4-15RR 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 42.5
RadioWaves HP6-15RR 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 45.9
RFS SB2-142REC 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 37.3
RFS SB4-142REC 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 42.5
RFS SU6B-142REC 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 46.0

Table 12 Recommended 18GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)
Andrew VHLP1-18-RR1 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 34.2
Andrew VHLP2-18-RR1 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 38.7
Andrew VHLP2.5-18-RR1 2.5’/760mm Solid Parabolic Dish 41.0
Andrew VHLP4-18-RR1A 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 44.7
Andrew VHLP6-18-RR1A 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 47.8
RadioWaves HPLP1-18RR 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 34.0

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Table 12 Recommended 18GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled) (Continued)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)
RadioWaves HP2-18RR 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 38.6
RadioWaves HP3-18RR 3’/900mmSolid Parabolic Dish 42.0
RadioWaves HP4-18RR 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 44.5
RadioWaves HP6-18RR 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 48.0
RFS SB1-190REC 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 34.0
RFS SB2-190REC 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 39.0
RFS SB4-190REC 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 44.5

Table 13 Recommended 23GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)
Andrew VHLP1-23-RR1 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 35.3
Andrew VHLP2-23-RR1 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 40.4
Andrew VHLP2.5-23-RR1 2.5’/760mm Solid Parabolic Dish 43.0
Andrew VHLP4-23-RR1A 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 46.7
Andrew VHPL6-23-RR1A 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 49.4
RadioWaves HPLP1-23RR 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 35.1
RadioWaves HP2-23RR 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 40.2
RadioWaves HP3-23RR 3’/900mmSolid Parabolic Dish 43.5
RadioWaves HP4-23RR 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 46.2
RadioWaves HP6-23RR 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 49.2
RFS SB1-220REC 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 35.6
RFS SB2-220REC 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 41.0
RFS SB4-220REC 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 46.1

Table 14 Recommended 23GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)
Andrew VHLP1-23-RR1 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 35.3
Andrew VHLP2-23-RR1 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 40.4
Andrew VHLP2.5-23-RR1 2.5’/760mm Solid Parabolic Dish 43.0
Andrew VHLP4-23-RR1A 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 46.7
Andrew VHPL6-23-RR1A 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 49.4
RadioWaves HPLP1-23RR 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 35.1
RadioWaves HP2-23RR 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 40.2
RadioWaves HP3-23RR 3’/900mmSolid Parabolic Dish 43.5
RadioWaves HP4-23RR 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 46.2
RadioWaves HP6-23RR 6’/1830mm Solid Parabolic Dish 49.2
RFS SB1-220REC 1’/300mm Solid Parabolic Dish 35.6

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Table 14 Recommended 23GHz antennas (rectangular waveguide, direct-coupled)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)
RFS SB2-220REC 2’/600mm Solid Parabolic Dish 41.0
RFS SB4-220REC 4’/1200mm Solid Parabolic Dish 46.1

Table 15 Recommended FCC 28GHz antennas (circular waveguide, direct-coupled)

Manufacturer Model # Description Mid-band Gain (dBi)
Andrew VHLP1-28RR 1’/300mm Parabolic Dish 38.1
Andrew VHLP2-28RR 2’/600mm Parabolic Dish 42.6
RadioWaves HPLP1-28RR 1’/300mm Parabolic Dish 36.5
RadioWaves HP2-28RR 2’/600mm Parabolic Dish 42.5

Other rectangular waveguide antennas in the proper frequency range can be used. The ODU must be
mounted using a remote mount. Remote mounting requires a flexible waveguide jumper to connect the
ODU to the antenna. Table 16 lists approved remote mount solutions.

Table 16 Remote Mount Solutions

Band Manufacturer Model # Flange
6GHz FCC RadioWaves RMK-59-RR CPR137G (WR137)
7GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew RMK71/RC UBR84 (WR112)
7GHz ETSI/ITU RadioWaves RMK-59-RR CPR137G (WR137)
8GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew RMK80/RC UBR84 (WR112)
11GHz FCC Andrew RMK11-13/RR UBR120 (WR75)
13GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew RMK11-13/RR UBR120 (WR75)
15GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew RMK15/RR UBR140 (WR62)
18GHz FCC or ETSI/ITU Andrew RMK18-26/RR UBR220 (WR42)
23GHz FCC or ETSI/ITU Andrew RMK18-26/RR UBR220 (WR42)
38GHz FCC or ETSI/ITU Andrew RMK38/RC UBR320 (WR28)

Remote mounts and flexible waveguide jumper are sold separately.

Appropriate flexible waveguides are listed in Table 17.

Table 17 Flexible waveguides

Band Manufacturer Model # Length Flange
6 Lower FCC Andrew F137CCA3 3’/900mm CPR137G
7 and 8 GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew F112KKS1 1’/300mm PBR84
7 and 8 GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew F112KKS2 2’/600mm PBR84
7 and 8 GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew F112KKS3 35"/900mm PBR84
7 and 8 GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew F112KKS4 39"/1m PBR84
7 and 8 GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew F112KKS5 4’/1200mm PBR84
11GHz Andrew F090KKS1 1’/300mm PBR100
11GHz Andrew F090KKS2 2’/600mm PBR100

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Table 17 Flexible waveguides (Continued)

Band Manufacturer Model # Length Flange
11GHz Andrew F090KKS3 35"/900mm PBR100
11GHz Andrew F090KKS4 39"/1m PBR100
11GHz Andrew F090KKS5 4’/1200mm PBR100
11 and 13GHz Andrew F075KKS1 1’/300mm PBR120
11 and 13GHz Andrew F075KKS2 2’/600mm PBR120
11 and 13GHz Andrew F075KKS3 35"/900mm PBR120
11 and 13GHz Andrew F075KKS4 39"/1m PBR120
11 and 13GHz Andrew F075KKS5 4’/1200mm PBR120
15GHz Andrew F062KKS1 1’/300mm PBR140
15GHz Andrew F062KKS2 2’/600mm PBR140
15GHz Andrew F062KKS3 35"/900mm PBR140
15GHz Andrew F062KKS4 39"/1m PBR140
15GHz Andrew F062KKS5 4’/1200mm PBR140
18 and 23GHz Andrew F042KKS1 1’/300mm PBR220
18 and 23GHz Andrew F042KKS2 2’/600mm PBR220
18 and 23GHz Andrew F042KKS3 35"/900mm PBR220
18 and 23GHz Andrew F042KKS4 39"/1m PBR220
18 and 23GHz Andrew F042KKS5 4’/1200mm PBR220
38GHz Andrew F028KKS1 1’/300mm PBR320
38GHz Andrew F028KKS2 2’/600mm PBR320
38GHz Andrew F028KKS3 35"/900mm PBR320
38GHz Andrew F028KKS4 39"/1m PBR320
38GHz Andrew F028KKS5 4’/1200mm PBR320

Table 18 Monitored Hot Standby (MHS) Couplers

Band Manufacturer Model # Description
7GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew C0370/RC 3dB symmetrical direct mount
7GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew C0670/RC 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
7GHz ETSI/ITU RadioWaves HSB-07R 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
8GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew C0380/RC 3dB symmetrical direct mount
8GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew C0680/RC 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
8GHz ETSI/ITU RadioWaves HSB-08R 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
11GHz FCC Andrew C0311/RR 3dB symmetrical direct mount
11GHz FCC Andrew C0611/RR 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
11GHz FCC RadioWaves HSB-11RR 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
13GHs ETSI/ITU Andrew C0313/RR 3dB symmetrical direct mount
13GHs ETSI/ITU Andrew C0613/RR 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount

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Table 18 Monitored Hot Standby (MHS) Couplers (Continued)

Band Manufacturer Model # Description
15GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew C0315/RR 3dB symmetrical direct mount
15GHz ETSI/ITU Andrew C0615/RR 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
15GHz ETSI/ITU RadioWaves HSB-15RR 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
18GHz FCC or ETSI/ITU Andrew C0318/RR 3dB symmetrical direct mount
18GHz FCC or ETSI/ITU Andrew CO618/RR 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
18GHz FCC or ETSI/ITU RadioWaves HSB-18RR 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
23GHz FCC or ETSI/ITU Andrew C0323/RR 3dB symmetrical direct mount
23GHz FCC or ETSI/ITU Andrew CO623/RR 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
23GHz FCC or ETSI/ITU RadioWaves HSB-23RR 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount
38GHz FCC or ETSI/ITU RadioWaves HSB-38RR 1/6 asymmetrical direct mount

Table 19 Additional Waveguide Items

Manufacturer Model # Description
Andrew T075KCG 11GHz Tapered Transition, WR-75 to WR-90
Andrew E090PC036C036BG 11GHz 90-degree WR90 bend (CPR90G)

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Troubleshooting
This section provides information regarding troubleshooting of common issues and alarms on these
radios. Exalt digital microwave radio systems are designed by Exalt’s expert engineers with extensive
experience through multiple generations of microwave radio design. These new-generation systems
contain extensive diagnostic tools, alarm indications, and troubleshooting aids. And, as compared to
other systems in their class, are easier to install, maintain, and troubleshoot. The GUI provides
information to aid in troubleshooting (see Diagnostic Charts Page).
Contact Exalt Customer Care for further assistance with issues with your Exalt radio and with
suggestions on how the radio and documentation can be improved.

General Practices
Troubleshooting a microwave radio link can be a complex task. Approach troubleshooting as a process
of elimination, and first determine which portions of the system are operating properly.
In a vast majority of cases, failures or poor performance of microwave links is attributed to something
other than the microwave radio hardware. In this respect, the back-to-back bench test (see Bench
Testing) is very important to determine if radio hardware is operating properly and eliminate many
variables in the troubleshooting process.
If a back-to-back bench test fails, then the radio hardware is either broken, the radios are improperly
configured, or there may be a firmware related problem. Upgrade the radio to the most current release
of firmware, and/or reset the radio to its critical factory settings, following the quick start guide
instructions and those in Configuration and Management, helps to confirm if configuration issues
cause failure. The most common issues with EX-s Series GigE microwave radio links are:
• Multipath propagation
• Path obstruction
• Misaligned antennas
• Faulty antennas
• Improper grounding
• Insufficient link margin in the design/implementation
• Moisture in the transmission system (antenna feed and/or waveguide)
If the radio link has been operating without issues and is exhibiting new poor performance behavior or
becomes completely inoperative, the troubleshooting process should pay close attention to any
conditions that may have changed between the time when the system was working without issue and
the time when the issues started.
Also, it can be helpful to compare some performance parameters of the system before and after the
presence of issues. Often the source of the issues can be determined by thoughtful consideration of
changes, such as:
• Changes in weather, including high winds
• Changes made to the radio equipment, transmission system, or connected equipment
• New radio systems or electronic equipment the nearby radio or transmission system
• New construction nearby either end of the link, or along the path
• Tree growth, flooded fields, or changes in rivers/lakes along the path

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Verify that configurations are set as follows:

• Frequency pair is opposite at each end of the link
• Bandwidth matches at each end of the link
• Mode setting matches at each end of the link
• Ethernet interfaces are enabled, as desired
• Ethernet is set for in-band or out-of-band NMS, as desired
• T1/E1 enabling matches at each end of the link
• Link security key matches at each end of the link
Also, use the ExaltCalc tool in the design phase to determine the proper settings for Bandwidth and
Mode parameters for the given link distance. The calculator tool provides guidance on the expected RF
link performance, as well as throughput, and number of supported T1/E1 circuits based on the selected
configuration. Note that if the link is governed by a user license, the Bandwidth and Mode parameters
are typically specified by the license.

Typical Indications of Issues

In many cases, microwave radio users do not notice changes or degradation to the radio system until
the radio system fails completely, becomes highly errored, or significantly intermittent. However,
regular management of the radio system can help indicate changes in performance that have not yet
impacted user performance, but may impact performance at a later date if left unchecked or
unaddressed. The administrator can use this as an opportunity to be proactive and monitor the radio
link performance regularly, watching for unexplained or unexpected changes in performance and
trends in performance changes.
Most importantly, monitoring radio system RSL over time indicates the performance of the radio
system. Address any long-term drop in RSL and erratic or unsteady RSL. Some RSL changes are
expected and weather patterns and the related multipath can cause dramatic RSL changes resulting in
system outage. However, that outage should not occur at a significantly greater rate than the designed
long-term performance. Consult the path design engineer for more information about link reliability
expectations and anticipated RSL deviation.
In addition, regular inspection of the transmission system (waveguide and antennas) and paying close
attention to changes along the path, such as construction or tree height, or new microwave radio
installations nearby, can be extremely helpful and proactive.
When link performance is very poor, alarms on the radio front panel and within the radio’s
management system indicate particular failures. Consult this manual for more information on the
specific alarms and diagnostics, or contact Exalt Customer Care for assistance.
Exalt Customer Care is primarily motivated to determine if the radio hardware is faulty and require
return for repair, and to help execute an effective and efficient repair and return process for radio
terminals believed to be faulty. Exalt Customer Care can provide advice regarding the total radio
system, RF path engineering and environment, and troubleshooting.
End users should first contact the installer and/or designer of the system. In many cases, an in-depth
understanding of RF design is required, and on-site analysis and special test equipment, may be
necessary. Compared to phone support from Exalt Customer Care, troubleshooting is more expeditious
if the professional installer and/or link designer examines the system and reviews the management
information in the Exalt GUI. In turn, if the professional installer and/or link designer contacts Exalt

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Customer Care, the process to rectify the system is more expedient due to the in-depth knowledge
related to the implementation and the RF environment.

Multipath Propagation
Multipath propagation is a term that encompasses changes to the RF path, such as reflections and/or
refraction, causing partial or complete destruction of the radio signal, and thus excessive bit errors and/
or system outages.
Rapid changes in temperature, inversion layers, humidity, air pressure, water evaporation, as well as
standing water or moisture on objects along the path are all examples of changes that can cause
multipath propagation. New building construction near either end of the path or along the path can
cause new reflection characteristics.
If your system has been operating without issue and is suddenly experiencing issues that are
symptomatic of a certain time of day or related to change in climatic events or some of the external
factors listed above, changes in multipath propagation is likely the cause. Consult a professional RF
path engineer in these cases. Often, minor repositioning of the antennas at either or both ends can
reduce or eliminate these problems.

RF Interference
While uncommon in coordinated licensed radio paths, RF interference is usually indicative of another
radio system nearby either end of your radio system or aimed towards one or both ends of your radio
system – usually at or near the same frequency and usually with a similar signal level.
Other forms of RF interference also exist, such as electronic equipment placed close to the radio
chassis or transmitters that couple onto the cabling or grounding system of the radio. Microwave ovens
and wireless communication devices used near the equipment or cabling are examples of electronic
equipment interference.
RF interference, like most other causes of problems, is indicated by significant bit errors and/or system
outages.
One way to determine interference is present is using a spectrum analyzer that covers the same range
as the radio system. A professional RF engineer can use a spectrum analyzer to locate sources of
interference, measure these sources, and determine potential remedies to take to operate in the
presence of interference. Some EX-s Series GigE radios have a built-in spectrum analyzer.
If a spectrum analyzer is not available, the radio’s RSL port can help determine RSL levels of
interfering signals. By turning the far-end radio off, residual RSL measured by the radio indicates the
level of interference. It is possible that interference levels below that measured still have an impact on
the radio system – especially if the radio system has low fade margin or is using a high-order
modulation.
Exalt digital microwave radios provide considerable frequency flexibility. Tuning to a different
frequency within supported bandwidth is the easiest method to avoid existing interference. In addition,
the occupied bandwidth of the radio can be reduced. This, along with re-tuning, can be very effective,
however throughput may be reduced. Again, pay close attention to the user license, if any. Often, the
frequency of the radio cannot be changed without licensing approval.
Another way to check RF interference is to reposition the antenna and/or change polarization, or
upgrade the antenna to a higher gain, and/or use a high-performance antenna. Combinations of both
radio changes (retuning, occupied bandwidth reduction) and antenna system changes (position,
polarization, upgrade) may also be necessary. These antenna aspects are also typically mandated by a
user license and often cannot be changed without licensing approval.

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Path Obstruction
A path obstruction is defined as an object, such as a building or tree, impeding the proper path of the
radio system. If the system design was proper at the time of installation and issues arise at a later date,
an updated path profile and survey may be necessary to identify changes in path clearance.

Misaligned Antenna
At the time of initial installation, it is critical that the antennas at each end are properly aligned and that
the designed RSL is achieved. However, antennas may become misaligned due to high winds, changes
in the guy-wiring systems keeping the antenna mast stable, or loosening of the antenna mounting
hardware. A reduction in the RSL of the link is symptomatic of this condition, but this condition is not
the only condition that results in a reduction of RSL. However, if conditions occur where the antenna
alignment may be suspected, the mechanics must be inspected and the antennas realigned.

Faulty Antenna
A faulty antenna is rare, but is still a possibility. In some cases, the mechanics of the antenna feed can
get moisture inside, or a bad or weak connection in the pin and connector structure of the antenna may
occur. A VSWR measurement of the antenna connection can be made to verify this condition,
although this is challenging with direct-ODU mount antennas. Sometimes tapping lightly on the
antenna can cause changes to BER and/or RSL, and this can be an indication of a faulty antenna feed.

Improper Grounding
In addition to being a potential human safety issue, improper system grounding is a common condition
that causes continuous bit errors or bit errors when metal objects come in contact with the radio,
transmission system, or racking system. If touching the radio causes errors, grounding is the cause. It
can be difficult to identify grounding problems, but a professional electrician can normally inspect a
system and identify if there are deficiencies in the grounding system.

Insufficient Link Margin

Ideally, the link was designed with enough link margin (fade margin) to allow for multipath
propagation and atmospheric fading to remain reliable. In some cases, link margin is compromised by
economic factors, such as using low-cost RF cabling or lower-cost antennas that have less gain or
deficient performance compared to higher cost transmission system components. In some cases, there
may be antenna size restrictions that forced the design to not have the desired amount of link margin.

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Bench Testing
Use bench testing to test the radio before installation, pre-configure the radio and connected equipment
before installation, or during troubleshooting to identify if radio hardware is the source of a system
issue. This useful process is often required and highly desirable for installation or troubleshooting.
This section presents two types of basic tests, a specification performance verification test, and
describes how to properly configure radio hardware and accessories.
EX-s Series GigE ODUs do not allow direct flexible waveguide mounting. There is no easy way to
cable two ODUs with attenuation in-between. This limits conventional testing. Hardware solutions are
described in this section.

Over-the-Air Basic Test

Use this test when using direct-mount antennas (that is, not using the remote-mount solution). This is a
general functionality test only. It determines that the radios are properly configured and yielding
expected results.
For the over-the-air basic tests, the following items are needed:
• Radio pair EX-s Series GigE radios (two IDUs and two ODUs)
• Power source
• Direct-mount antennas
• Antenna mounting structures such as tripods
• Two coaxial cables for IDU/ODU connection; length is dependent on your test environment
• Computer with Ethernet port and Ethernet cable
• Browser to access Exalt GUI
Use the following procedure to perform the test.
1 Mount the ODUs to the antennas.
2 Connect the IDUs to the ODUs using the coaxial cables.
3 Separate the antenna/ODUs by at least 25' (7.62m).

Caution: Do not to create an RSL higher than the maximum specified RSL for the radio.
Do not aim directly the antennas at one another. The antennas should start off at roughly
the same elevation, but directed parallel to one another or significantly off-angle.

Follow the Quick-Start Guide instructions or Configuration and Management for powering the IDUs,
connecting the computer, browsing to the Exalt GUI, and configuring each IDU to allow
communication.
1 Turn down transmitter power on both ends of the link to minimum.
2 Attempt to link the system by slowing pointing antennas nearer to on-azimuth.
Stop rotating antennas when a link is established.
Once a link is established, general tests of Ethernet and/or TDM connectivity across the link can be
performed, along with complete radio configuration except for final output power setting. General

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testing for RSL movement can be performed by slightly changing output power or adjusting antenna
alignment. Familiarity with the RSL voltage can be obtained and other Exalt GUI functions performed.
For a more predictable RSL, antennas can be properly aligned using small antennas separated as much
as allowable in your environment. Start with the output power set to minimum.

Note: Do not to create an RSL higher than the maximum specified RSL for the radio.

To verify the RSL, use ExaltCalc to predict the proper RSL to match this shortened test path length. If
the target RSL is verified at both ends of the link, the transmitters and receivers on both sides of the
link are operating within specification.
Monitoring the RSL level near the link outage point also verifies threshold specification performance.
Misalign the antennas slowly to drop RSL until the radio link is dropped.

Back-to-Back Bench Test

For back-to-back bench tests, the following items are required:
• Radio pair EX-s Series GigE radios (two IDUs and two ODUs)
• Power source
• Two remote mounts for ODUs
• Two waveguide-to-coax transitions (generally, on the coaxial side these are SMA connectors)
• Low-loss coaxial cable with matching connectors or adapters to the coax transitions and
attenuators; length is dependent on your test environment
• Coaxial attenuators rated at the operating frequency for the radio; a minimum of 40dB and up to
90dB total to facilitate a full-threshold test
Connect the items as follows (see Figure 62):
1 Connect the ODUs to the remote mounts.
2 Connect the waveguide-to-coax transitions to each ODU.
3 Divide attenuators and coaxial cable in-between with roughly equal attenuation connected to each
transition.
4 Insert 40dB attenuation to start with and increase attenuation while performing threshold testing.
5 Apply power to one IDU.
6 Connect a computer to access the browser-based Exalt GUI.
Follow the instructions in the Quick Start Guide or Configuration and Management.
7 Set the radio output power to minimum.
8 Set the radio frequency pair, bandwidth, and Mode.
The radio should establish the link. Full-link configuration and interface testing can now be performed.
RSL can also be compared to expected results. Insert additional attenuation and increase the output
power to perfect threshold performance.

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Figure 62 Bench back-to-back test configuration

Specification Performance Verification

Specification performance verification testing provides a detailed record and ensures radio
performance. It verifies that radio output power and threshold specifications are correct. Typically, this
test is performed in troubleshooting scenarios and can be performed before installation.
Test configuration is identical that shown in Figure 62, except that fixed attenuation is replaced with
calibrated variable attenuation, a set of calibrated fixed attenuators, or a combination of both, until
reaching a total attenuation value of 120dB, as measured at the operating frequency of the radio.
For this test, connect the system as shown in Figure 62, except use a combination of fixed and/or
variable attenuation between the radio RF ports. Connect a voltmeter to either the IDU’s RSL test
point and associated reference ground connection or the ODU’s RSL test point. Alternate between
monitoring RSL using the Monitor>Performance page in the Exalt GUI and voltmeter readings.
Use pre-tested, known good RF cables, where the insertion loss is known at the operating frequency. If
the cables are short, less than 1' (0.3m), you can estimate the loss, including connectors, to be less than
2dB for each cable. The cable loss estimate is critical to the overall precision of test measurements.
Two critical specifications can be tested in this configuration:
• RF output power
• Radio receiver threshold
To measure transmitter output power:
1 Insert attenuation (between 60–80dB) between the radios.
2 Set the RF output power settings of both radios to maximum.
3 Use the voltmeter or the Exalt GUI Performance page to evaluate the RSL in both directions.
The measured RSL value should match the value according to the inserted attenuation as:
RSL = RF output power – cabling losses – total attenuation
Verify the output power by adjusting using the Exalt GUI and evaluating the corresponding change to
the RSL measurement.
For threshold testing, the key is to insert a measured amount of loss close to but not exceeding the
specified system gain for the radio. System gain is the difference between RF output power and
receiver threshold. Determine the specified threshold performance while at your selected modulation

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and bandwidth settings, and choose an attenuation value (including cable losses) that adds up to
roughly 5–15dB less than the system gain.
For example, using an EX-18s at a certain setting with a threshold measurement of –84dBm and the
output power set to +23dBm, the system gain is 107dB. Choose a value of total attenuation of
approximately 95–100dB. Once attenuated, verify RSL readings, and then use the Exalt GUI to reduce
radio output power in 1dB increments until the Link LED on the receiving radio (the one whose output
power is not being adjusted) turns from green to yellow, indicating RSL reached threshold. Then
verify the equation for system gain using the new output power level setting and verify that threshold
performance is meeting or exceeding specification.

Note: Cable loss estimations are critical for this evaluation.

Due to measurement variation and accuracies involved in this test, measurements up to 1dB
and as much as 3dB off predetermined values can be expected. Values more than 3dB are a
matter for concern.

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General Compliance and Safety

The use of radio transmission devices is subject to specific regulatory requirements governed by
regional legislation. In most cases, the specific device must be authorized for use in a given country
and must be installed and adjusted in accordance with specific radio-frequency settings and in a
manner that has been authorized specific to the device itself and in accordance with the specific
location of the device. Some users may be completely or partially restricted from use of the device.
Please consult local governmental agency/agencies for regulatory requirements before use, or contact
Exalt or your Exalt authorized dealer for assistance.
Do not modify this device in any way without the expressed written consent of Exalt. Modification
voids the manufacturer warranty, and may also be illegal in accordance with government regulations.
In addition, there are no user-serviceable parts or assemblies inside the product housing. There may
also be voltages, signals, and mechanisms within the device that could be harmful to human safety.
The mounting of this device and associated peripherals and connections (inclusive of antenna mast,
antenna, cabling, egress, lightning protection devices, grounding, power, and so on) may be subject to
regional requirements for health and human safety. A qualified professional installer and an electrician
are highly recommended and may be required by law.

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Safety Notices
1 Review this entire guide for important installation instructions BEFORE attempting to install this
product.
2 This product is intended to be installed, used, and maintained by trained service personnel only.
3 Employ a properly licensed or authorized electrician to install or evaluate/certify the installation of
all power and grounding related to the use of this equipment and all connected devices.
4 Use a separate breaker circuit at the power source.
Products rated +/-20–60VDC can be connected to an isolated or non-isolated power source.
Products rated –48VDC have special cautions that need to be followed:
– –48VDC products must be installed only in Restricted Access areas that can only be accessed
by trained service personnel instructed on installation restrictions.
– Each installation must be secure (that is, access is restricted to those with a tool or key, which
is controlled by the authority responsible for the location).
5 Lightning, surge protection devices, and earth grounding are required for most installations to
reduce the risk of equipment damage and risk to humans. Consult a qualified electrician.
6 Servicing of this device should be performed by authorized personnel only. Do not disassemble
this device. By opening or removing any covers you may expose yourself to hazardous energy
parts. Incorrect reassembly of this product can cause a malfunction, and/or electrical shock, when
the unit is subsequently used.
7 Do not connect or disconnect the power connection to the device when the power supply is
plugged into its source of supply. To connect, first connect the power connection to the device, and
then apply power (or plug in) at the outlet. To disconnect, disengage power at the source of supply,
or unplug and then disconnect the direct connection to the device.
8 Do not insert any object of any shape or size inside this product at any time, whether powered or
not. Objects may contact hazardous energy components that could result in a risk of fire or
personal injury.
9 Liquids shall not come in contact with, or enter the inside of the device at any time.
10 Proper ventilation and/or airflow shall be provided surrounding the equipment. Items shall not
come in contact with heat-sinking materials. Ensure that ambient operational and storage
temperature specifications are maintained at all times.
11 Equipment is suitable for mounting on noncombustible surfaces only.
12 Do not move or alter the marking labels.
13 A CSU or similar isolating device is necessary between the equipment and the public
telecommunications network. The equipment has not been evaluated for direct connection to the
public telecommunications network.

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Regulatory Notices
This section presents the Regulatory Compliance Regulations for your country.

United States Compliance

The EXs Series GigE product family operates under FCC Rule Parts 101 as a licensed device. They
may only be used as a point-to-point transmission device for fixed or temporary-fixed (non-mobile)
installations. The devices are subject to the following restrictions:
• Do not use external amplifiers to boost the power or overcome transmission system losses, unless
the specific amplifier/cable/antenna combination has expressly been authorized by the FCC. The
output power must never exceed +30 dBm.
• Cross-border transmissions are expressly prohibited, except with written permission from both the
FCC and the governing body of the neighboring country (Cofetel for Mexico; Industry Canada for
Canada).
• Use only parabolic dish antennas. No other types of antennas (omni-directional, yagi, and so on)
are authorized.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC), United States

The device is allowed to be used provided it does not cause interference to other devices. It is not
guaranteed to provide protection against interference from other electronic and radio devices.
The system has been tested and found to comply with the limits of a Class B digital device, pursuant to
Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur
in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try
to correct the interference by one of more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Shielded cables and I/O cords must be used for this equipment to comply with the relevant FCC
regulations.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved in writing by Exalt may void the user’s authority to
operate this equipment.
This device must be professionally installed.
To comply with regulations, the output power of this device may need to be adjusted in accordance to
the associated transmission system. See RF Output Power Setting for details.
The antenna associated with Exalt EX-s Series GigE radios shall be mounted in a location that is at
least 10 feet away from humans that may be subject to long-term or continuous exposure.

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Canada Compliance
The EX-s Series GigE radios operate under RSS-210 of Industry Canada regulations. Operation is
subject to the following conditions, unless express permission is granted by Industry Canada to operate
in a different manner:
• External amplifiers cannot be used to boost the power or to overcome transmission system losses,
unless the specific amplifier/cable/antenna combination is expressly authorized by Industry
Canada.
• Cross-border transmissions are expressly prohibited, except with written permission from both
Industry Canada and the governing body of the neighboring country (FCC for USA)
• Only parabolic dish antennas may be used. No other types of antennas (omni-directional, yagi, and
so on) are authorized

Industry Canada (IC), Canada

This device complies with RSS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions:
1 this device may not cause interference, and
2 this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired
operation of the device.

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Regulatory Compliance
As of this printing, Exalt Communications, Inc. has approvals for the products that are covered by this
manual, as indicated in Table 20. If your application or country is not listed, check with your Sales
Representative for the current status.

Table 20 Product Approvals

Country 11 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz

Canada   
United States   

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Licensing
Frequency coordination for EX-s Series GigE radios is normally required by local regulations. To
obtain and maintain licensing, consult the licensing authorities.

Note: The professional installer is responsible to ensure that RF output power, channel
assignment, bandwidth, and modulation are properly adjusted in accordance with local
regulatory requirements and licensing, if any. Antenna models and polarization are
usually specified within the licensing requirements.

United States
In the US frequency coordination is often conducted by a Certified Frequency Coordinator (CFC), who
coordinates spectrum allocation for the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). CFCs assist
applicants with licensing. Applicants can also apply using the FCC‘s Universal Licensing System
(ULS) online at:
http://wireless.fcc.gov/uls/index.htm?job=home
You must first register with the FCC to use the on-line system, and obtain an FCC Registration
Number (FRN). The FRN identifies you in all transactions to the FCC.
Exalt provides EX-s Series GigE radio information to the following CFCs:
• Comsearch (www.comsearch.com/)
• Micronet Communications, Inc. (www.micronetcom.com)
Upon request, EX-s Series GigE radio information can be provided to any CFC.

Canada
In Canada frequency coordination is often conducted by a National Frequency Coordinator (NFC),
who coordinates spectrum allocation for Industry Canada (IC). NFCs assist applicants in licensing.
Applicants can also apply using the IC‘s online system at:
http://sd.ic.gc.ca/engdoc/main.jsp#LicenceApplications
You must first register with the IC to use the online system.

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Exalt Limited Hardware Warranty

THIS IS AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU AND EXALT COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
("EXALT"). BY EXECUTING THIS AGREEMENT OR BY USING THE EXALT PRODUCT
WITH WHICH THIS AGREEMENT IS PROVIDED ("PRODUCT"), YOU ARE AGREEING
TO ALL OF THE BELOW TERMS AND CONDITIONS. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE WITH
THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS, YOU SHOULD NOT USE THE PRODUCT AND
RETURN IT TO YOUR PLACE OF PURCHASE. "YOU" MEANS THE LEGAL (END USER)
ENTITY THAT PURCHASED THE PRODUCT.
1 Exalt Limited Hardware Warranty
a. Exalt warrants solely to the original purchaser ("Purchaser") that the Exalt hardware product
that this Agreement is provided with (the "Hardware Product") will substantially conform in
all material respects to the relevant Exalt published specifications that apply at the time of
manufacture of such Hardware Product for one (1) year from the date of purchase of Hardware
Product by Purchaser (the "Warranty Period"). Purchaser may elect to extend the Warranty
Period by one additional year as set forth below. Proof-of-purchase in the form of an invoice,
payment of invoice, or delivery waybill must be supplied, if requested by Exalt, in case of any
dispute of warranty start date.
b. In the event Purchaser notifies Exalt during the Warranty Period of a defective Hardware
Product (nonconformance with the published specifications), Exalt shall within the Warranty
Period, at its own option either: (A) use reasonable efforts to remedy any reproducible
Hardware Product defect covered by this limited warranty within a reasonable period of time;
(B) replace the defective Hardware Product with a functionally equivalent product (repair
parts and products may be either reconditioned or new, but, if reconditioned, shall be of the
same quality as new parts or products); or (C) if Exalt determines that it is unable to repair or
replace such Hardware Product, Exalt (or its applicable reseller) will refund to Purchaser the
amount actually paid by Purchaser for the applicable Hardware Product.
c. All replaced parts become the property of Exalt. Exalt may, at its sole option, refuse to accept
as defective any Hardware Product that (i) is subject to the exclusions set forth below; or (ii)
cannot be demonstrated to be defective by Exalt and Purchaser is unable to provide adequate
information describing how the Hardware Product failed. Such Hardware Product will, at
Purchaser's option and expense, either be: (a) returned to Purchaser in the state received, or (b)
repaired and returned to Purchaser. Repaired or replaced Hardware Product will be warranted
for the remainder of the original Warranty Period, but not less than ninety (90) days.
2 Timely Registration May Extend Limited Hardware Warranty Period
Purchaser may elect to extend the one (1) year Warranty Period to a two (2) year Warranty Period
by registering the Hardware Product with Exalt within ninety (90) days of Hardware Product
purchase (all requested registration information must be provided in clear and accurate form
within such 90 day period).
3 Limited Hardware Warranty Exclusions
This limited warranty will not apply to: (A) any Hardware Product that: (i) has been modified or
altered by any party other than Exalt; (ii) has been subject to accident, misuse, abnormal wear and
tear, neglect, or mistreatment; (iii) has been damaged during installation of the Hardware Product;
(iv) has been damaged by the equipment or system with which the Hardware Product is used; (v)
has sustained damage to the Hardware Products' interface or power connectors; (vi) is determined
to be stolen; or (vii) has been damaged by fire, power changes, other hazards, or acts of God
(including without limitation lightning); or (B) any Software included in any such Hardware

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Product (see Software License below). The warranty applies only to Hardware Products that can
be identified by the Exalt trademark, trade name, serial number or logo affixed to them. Exalt does
not warrant any Hardware Product that is not manufactured by, for, or with permission from Exalt.
The Hardware Products covered by this warranty are not consumer products and are not intended
for personal, family, or household purposes, nor are they intended for high-risk activities as
described in Section 5 below.
4 Hardware Product RMA Procedures
A return material authorization (RMA) is required prior to returning Hardware Product to Exalt for
warranty or out-of-warranty repair/evaluation. As such, Purchaser must use the following
procedure:
a. Contact Exalt Customer Care, by phone at +1 408-871-9890 or USA Toll-Free at +1 877-
EXALT-01 (392-5801), or by e-mail at support@exaltcom.com, and request an RMA number.
Please be prepared to provide the serial number of the Hardware Product, the date of purchase,
and a description of the failure that is as complete as possible.
b. Pack the Hardware Product in its original container and packing or an equivalent.
c. Write the RMA number CLEARLY on the outside of the shipping box.
d. For services during the Warranty Period, cost of shipment to Exalt's authorized service center,
taxes, duty, tariffs, risk of loss and insurance charges to Exalt shall be borne by the Purchaser.
Cost of return shipment and insurance charges shall be borne by Exalt if within the United
States, and will be made by Exalt's choice of carrier and method/schedule of shipment.
Purchaser may expedite return shipments, upon request, at its own expense.
PRODUCTS RETURNED WITHOUT A DULY ISSUED RMA NUMBER WILL BE
RETURNED TO PURCHASER AT PURCHASER'S EXPENSE.
5 PRODUCT WARRANTY DISCLAIMER AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
a. THE ABOVE EXPRESS LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE HARDWARE PRODUCT IS
IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY,
REGARDING THE PRODUCT (HARDWARE PRODUCT AND SOFTWARE) AND ANY
SERVICES PROVIDED BY EXALT, AND EXALT, ITS SUPPLIERS AND LICENSORS
HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL SUCH IMPLIED AND EXPRESS
WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY AND ALL IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, INTERFERENCE
WITH QUIET ENJOYMENT, NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD-PARTY RIGHTS AND
MERCHANTABILITY. FURTHER, EXALT DOES NOT WARRANT RESULTS OF USE
OR THAT YOUR USE OF THE PRODUCT WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR
FREE. NO WARRANTIES ARE MADE BY EXALT'S SUPPLIERS OR LICENSORS.
EXCEPT FOR THE ABOVE EXPRESS LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE HARDWARE
PRODUCT STATED HEREIN, THE PRODUCT IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITH ALL
FAULTS. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO SATISFACTORY QUALITY, ACCURACY, AND
EFFORT IS WITH YOU.
b. THE PRODUCT IS NOT FAULT-TOLERANT AND IS NOT DESIGNED,
MANUFACTURED OR INTENDED FOR USE OR RESALE AS ONLINE CONTROL
EQUIPMENT IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS REQUIRING FAIL-SAFE
PERFORMANCE, SUCH AS IN THE OPERATION OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES,
AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION OR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, AIR TRAFFIC
CONTROL, DIRECT LIFE SUPPORT MACHINES OR WEAPONS SYSTEMS, IN
WHICH THE FAILURE OF THE PRODUCT COULD LEAD DIRECTLY TO DEATH,

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PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PHYSICAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE.

EXALT AND ITS SUPPLIERS AND LICENSORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR ANY HIGH-RISK USES
LISTED ABOVE.
c. REGARDLESS OF WHETHER ANY REMEDY SET FORTH HEREIN FAILS OF ITS
ESSENTIAL PURPOSE OR OTHERWISE, AND TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY
APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL EXALT, ITS SUPPLIERS OR LICENSORS BE
LIABLE TO YOU OR TO ANY THIRD PARTY UNDER ANY TORT, CONTRACT,
NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHER LEGAL OR EQUITABLE THEORY
FOR ANY LOST PROFITS, LOST OR CORRUPTED DATA, COMPUTER FAILURE OR
MALFUNCTION, INTERRUPTION OF BUSINESS, OR OTHER SPECIAL, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND ARISING OUT OF
THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT, EVEN IF EXALT HAS BEEN
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSS OR DAMAGES AND WHETHER OR
NOT SUCH LOSS OR DAMAGES ARE FORESEEABLE.
d. IN NO EVENT SHALL EXALT'S AND ITS SUPPLIERS'/LICENSORS' AGGREGATE
LIABILITY EXCEED AN AMOUNT EQUAL TO THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE
PRODUCT PAID BY PURCHASER THAT IS THE SUBJECT OF A CLAIM. ANY
CLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT MUST BE
BROUGHT WITHIN ONE (1) YEAR AFTER THE OCCURRENCE OF THE EVENT
GIVING RISE TO SUCH CLAIM. IN ADDITION, EXALT DISCLAIMS ALL LIABILITY
OF ANY KIND OF EXALT'S SUPPLIERS/LICENSORS.
6 SOFTWARE LICENSE
a. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Exalt hereby grants You a non-
exclusive, non-transferable, non-sublicensable license to use the Software that comes with the
Product, if any is provided as part of the Product, only as part of the normal operation, use and
maintenance of the Hardware Product for which the Software was provided. You may make
back-up copies of such Software. You shall not otherwise copy, distribute or alter the
Software. Furthermore, except to the extent allowed by applicable law if located in the
European Union, and then only with prior written notice to Exalt, You shall not disassemble or
reverse engineer the Software in whole or in part or authorize others to do so. No rights to
distribute or sublicense the Software are granted herein.
b. There may be certain third party owned software provided along with, or incorporated within
the Product ("Third Party Software"), and which Third Party Software has a separate license
agreement and which is governed exclusively by such separate license agreement ("Third
Party License") and not this Agreement. Such Third Party Software and applicable Third
Party Licenses are listed in the Product's documentation and/or accompanying Read-Me file.
Except as Exalt may otherwise inform You in writing, the Third Party License gives You at
least the license rights granted above in Section 6(a), and may provide additional license rights
as to the Third Party Software, but only with respect to the particular Third Party Software to
which the Third Party License applies. SUCH THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY FROM EXALT AND ITS LICENSORS, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT.
c. Exalt and its licensors are the sole and exclusive owners of the Software, and all underlying
intellectual property rights in the Software and Hardware. All rights not expressly granted to
You relating to the Software are reserved by Exalt and its licensors. You take unencumbered

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title to the Hardware, subject to Exalt's and its licensors' ownership in the underlying
intellectual property, upon payment in full to Exalt or the Exalt reseller for the Product(s).
d. All licenses to the Software hereunder shall terminate if You fail to comply with any of the
provisions of this Agreement and do not remedy such breach within thirty (30) days after
receiving written notice from Exalt. You agree upon termination to immediately cease using
the Software and to destroy all copies of the Software which may have been provided or
created hereunder.
7 GOVERNMENT RESTRICTIONS
a. You agree that you will not export or re-export the Products without Exalt's prior written
consent, and then only in compliance with all requirements of applicable law, including but
not limited to U.S. export control regulations. You have the responsibility to obtain any
required licenses to export, re-export or import the Products. You shall defend, indemnify and
hold Exalt and its suppliers/licensors harmless from any claims arising out of Your violation
of any export control laws relating to any exporting of the Products. By accepting this
Agreement and receiving the Products, You confirm that You are not listed on any
governmental export exclusion lists and will not export or re-export the Products to any
country embargoed by the U.S. Applicable export restrictions and exclusions are available at
the official web site of the U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Industry and Security
(www.bis.doc.gov).
b. For purchase by U.S. governmental entities, technical data and software rights in the Products
include only those rights customarily provided to the public as defined in Exalt's standard
Agreement. This customary commercial license in technical data and software is provided in
accordance with FAR 12.211 (Technical Data) and FAR 12.212 (Software) and, for
Department of Defense transactions, DFAR 252.227-7015 (Technical Data - Commercial
Items) and DFAR 227.7202-3 (Rights in Commercial Computer Software or Computer
Software Documentation). If a government agency has a need for rights not conveyed under
these terms, it must negotiate a mutually acceptable written agreement specifying and
specifically conveying such rights. Any use, modification, reproduction, release, performing,
displaying or disclosing of the Exalt Software by the U.S. Government shall be governed
solely by the terms of this Agreement.
8 MISCELLANEOUS
You shall not sell, transfer or assign this Agreement without the prior written consent of Exalt.
Any act in derogation of the foregoing shall be null and void, and You will remain obligated under
this Agreement. This Agreement shall benefit and be binding upon the parties to this Agreement
and their respective permitted successors and assigns. The waiver or failure of either party to
exercise in any respect any right provided for in this Agreement shall not be deemed a waiver of
any further right under this Agreement. If any provision of this Agreement is held by a court of
competent jurisdiction to be contrary to law, the remaining provisions of this Agreement will
remain in full force and effect. This Agreement and any disputes arising out of, or related to, this
Agreement, its termination or the relationship of the parties will be governed by and construed in
accordance with the laws of the State of California, excluding its conflict of laws principles and
excluding the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods.
Except for actions brought by Exalt to enforce the terms of Section 6, all disputes arising in
connection with this Agreement or the Products shall be submitted to and finally settled by
arbitration in accordance with the commercial arbitration rules of the American Arbitration
Association by a single arbitrator appointed in accordance with the rules. Both parties consent that
the arbitration shall take place in Santa Clara County, California and agree that process may be
served in the manner provided as allowed by California or federal law. In any action or proceeding

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to enforce rights under this Agreement, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover costs and
attorneys' fees. This Agreement represents the complete agreement and understanding of the
parties with respect to the subject matter herein. This Agreement may be modified only through a
written instrument signed by both parties and may be executed in two or more counterparts, each
of which shall be deemed an original and one and the same Agreement.
Rev 2009-05-07v1a

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Copyright Notices
This section presents copyright notices for third-party software licensed to Exalt Communications, Inc.
Net-SNMP
The following copyright notice applies to the open-source licensing agreement for Net-SNMP.

Copyright 1989, 1991, 1992 by Carnegie Mellon University

Derivative Work - 1996, 1998-2000

Copyright 1996, 1998-2000 The Regents of the University of California

All Rights Reserved

Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose and
without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies and that
both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the
name of CMU and The Regents of the University of California not be used in advertising or publicity
pertaining to distribution of the software without specific written permission.
CMU AND THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DISCLAIM ALL
WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL CMU OR
THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL,
INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER
RESULTING FROM THE LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN
CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
Network Associates Technology, Inc.
Copyright (c) 2001-2003, Networks Associates Technology, Inc
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the
following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of the Networks Associates Technology, Inc nor the names of its contributors may
be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written
permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ''AS
IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,

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EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,

PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
Cambridge Broadband, Ltd.
Portions of this code are copyright (c) 2001-2003, Cambridge Broadband Ltd.
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the
following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* The name of Cambridge Broadband Ltd. may not be used to endorse or promote products derived
from this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER ``AS IS'' AND ANY
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Copyright © 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
California 95054, U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms below.
This distribution may include materials developed by third parties.
Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo and Solaris are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun
Microsystems, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the
following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of the Sun Microsystems, Inc. nor the names of its contributors may be used to
endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

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THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ''AS

IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

Sparta, Inc.
Copyright (c) 2003-2005, Sparta, Inc
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the
following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of Sparta, Inc nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote
products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ''AS
IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
Cisco, Inc.
Copyright (c) 2004, Cisco, Inc and Information Network
Center of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications.
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the
following disclaimer.

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* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of Cisco, Inc, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, nor the names
of their contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ''AS
IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
Fabasoft R&D Software GmbH & Co.
Copyright (c) Fabasoft R&D Software GmbH & Co KG, 2003
oss@fabasoft.com
Author: Bernhard Penz
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the
following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

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Index
A DC 20
AC adapter 18 DS3 14
Adaptive Coded Modulation (ACM) parame- ETH1/2 15
ter 46 Ethernet 102
Administration Settings page 33 EXP 15
administrator privileges 28 OC-3 14
AIS enabling/disabling 52 PROT 15
alarm conditions 30 RSL 14
Alarm connector 103 SFP 1/2 15
alarms 66, 100 STM-1 14
Alarms page 66 T1/E1 14, 102
AMI 52 TO ODU 18
antennas console interface 100
18GHz 106 Current RSL field 70
alignment 24, 114 D
mounting 4, 22 data communication interface 5
indoor 24 date and time 33
mounting height 6 DC connector 20
site preparation considerations 6 DC power source 18
troubleshooting 114 Diagnostic Charts page 75
ATPC 65 documentation, related 1
AUX connector 104 E
B effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) 8
B8ZS 52 encryption 5
back-to-back bench test 7 Errored Seconds (ES) field 71
Bandwidth parameter 40, 45 ETH1 49
battery source 18 ETH2 49
BER 75 ETH3 49
browsers 27 Ethernet 6
C Ethernet configuration 49
cables Ethernet connectors 102
Ethernet (CAT5e) 8 Ethernet interface 100
GBIC 15 ETHERNET MAIN/AUX LED 16
IDU/ODU 6 Ethernet rate limiting 56
TDM (T1/E1, DS3, OC3) 8 Event Log page 74
CLI 26 ExaltCalc tool 112
main menu 26 External Alarm Inputs parameter 47
menu options 27 external loopback modes 53
configuration file 39 F
connectors factory default settings 20, 40
40-60VDC 15 fade margin 6, 114
Alarm 103 far-end Tx power 75
alarms 15 features 3, 5
antenna 14 File Activation page 42
AUX 15, 26 File Transfer page 39
CONSOLE 104 file transfers 39

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files Sync (In/Out) 101

activating stored 42 T1/E1 100
default configuration file 40 interference 71
frequency IP settings 8
center 6 L
G latency optimization 5
grounding 114 LED indicators
GUI ETH1/2 16
Access Security page 43 EXP 17
Administration Settings page 33 LINK 15
Alarms page 66 PROT 17
Allocation 48 RMT 16
ATPC configuration 65 SFP 16
browsers supported 27 STATUS 16
Cross Connect 64 system status (rear panel) 17
description 27 T1/E1 16
Diagnostic Charts page 75 License Key 34
Ethernet Aggregation 60 lightning arrestor 6
Ethernet Interface Configuration page 49 Line Build Out (LBO) 52
Ethernet Learning 57 Line Code 52
Ethernet Rate Limiting pagee 56 link 6
File Activation page 39, 42 RF link testing 7
File Transfer page 39 LINK LED 15
IP address (default) 27 link margin 114
log in 27 link parameters 29
login privileges 28 Link Security Key 33
MHS/Diversity Configuration 55 Link Security Key parameter 40
navigation panel 30, 31 login names 28
Performance page 70 login privileges 28
QoS configuration 61 loopback 52, 53
Radio A configuration 27 external (local) 53
Radio Information page 32 external (remote) 53
Reset page 80 internal 53
summary status information 30 M
System Configuration page 45 Maximum RSL field 71
T1/E1 Configuration page 52 Media Access Control (MAC) learning 57
VLAN page 58 MIB files 39
X Connect 64 Minimum RSL field 71
H Minimum RSL Timestamp field 71
hop 7 Modualtion parameter 46
I multipath 112
In-Band m 49 multipath propagation 113
interfaces muting 49
alarm 100 O
Ethernet 100 Out-of-band m 50
power 101 P
serial console 100 passwords 8, 28

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path obstruction 114 RSL voltage 24

performance degradation 112 S
Port-to-Port management 49 safety 119
power serial connection settings 26
AC adapter 18 serial console interface 100
DC specifications 19 Set to E1 Mode button 52
DC wiring 19 Set to T1 Mode button 52
system LEDs and 18 shipping box contents 7
power interface 101 site preparation 6
R SNMP 36
rack mounting SNMP Traps 37
hardware 12 STATUS LED 16
temperature considerations 12 Swap button 39, 42
radio Sync (In/Out) interface 101
grounding 114 SYNC IN LED 17
initiation tasks 10 System Configuration page 45
installation tasks 10 system parameters
maximum transmit power setting 46 default settings 20
mounting 6, 12 system performance 70
parameters 8 system reboot 74
rebooting 74, 80 system settings
RADIO A LED 16 Current BER field 70
radio configuration 7 Errored Seconds (ES) field 71
radio features 5 grounding 114
radio firmware files 39 Maximum RSL 71
Radio Information page 32 Minimum RSL field 71
radio mount Time Since Reset field 71
enclosure 4 Unavailable Seconds field 71
indoor 4 T
connections 4 T1 Interface Configuration page 52
Radio Transmit Power parameter 45 T1/E1 Configuration page 52
Receiver Configuration parameter 47 T1/E1 connectors 102
receiver threshold 6 T1/E1 interfaces 100
record keeping 11 T1/E1 LED 16
Regulatory Domain Database (RDD) 39 T1/E1 loopback 53
Reset page 80 TDM allocation 48
RF connector 23 TDM circuit 6
RF Frequency parameter 40, 47 TDM circuits 45
RF interface 100 Telnet session 26
RF interference 113 temperature 75
RF output power 8 testing
RSL 8 back-to-back bench 7
current RSL readings 70 back-to-back bench test configuration
diagnostics 75 117
Maximum RSL field 71 over-the-air 115
Minimum RSL Timestamp field 71 threshold 117
monitor for performance 112 time division duplex (TDD) See TDD frame

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Time Since Reset 71

TO ODU connector 18
transmitter
output power 8
traps 37
troubleshooting 75
U
Unavailable Seconds (UAS) 71
unfaded error-free performance 8
Update button 33
user privileges 28
V
VLAN page 58
voltage test 24

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