Saint Matthew Montessori and Science High School

224 J.P. Rizal St. Bermudez Compound, Brgy. Uno, Cabuyao, Laguna
S.Y. 2022-2023

GRADE: 11 ALL Strand

SUBJECT TITLE: Reading and Writing Skills
TOPIC: WRITING ACROSS DISCIPLINES
MODULE: 2
DURATION:
TEACHER: Ms. Ilee Tesoro

Introduction:
In order for you to become proficient and fluent in using English language, it is essential that you should
develop the four then, now five macro skills namely, Reading, Writing, Listening, Speaking, and Viewing. In this
course, we will be focusing on the first two macro skills mentioned hereof- Reading and Writing. In this module,
we will focus on writing across disciplines. The first part will delve on the different patterns of development in
writing while the second and third part will focus on the properties of written texts and the different kinds of claims
that are explicitly or implicitly made in a written text and the context which a text was developed respectively.
Module content:
This module is divided into three lessons, namely:
Lesson 1: Pattern of Development In Writing Across Disciplines
Lesson 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text
Lesson 3: Context Development
Course Description:
The development of reading and writing skills as applied to a wide range of materials other than poetry,
fiction and drama

Lesson 1: PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT IN WRITING ACROSS

I. Content Standard

The learner realizes that information in a written text may be selected and organized to
achieve a particular purpose.

II. Performance Standard

The learner critiques a chosen sample of each pattern of development focusing on

information selection, organization, and development.

III. Most Essential learning Competencies:

In this module, you should be able to:

1. compare and contrast patterns of development of written texts across disciplines

IV. Specific Learning Outcomes:
In this lesson, you should be able to:
1. identify the characteristics of each patterns of development in writing;
2. apply the different techniques, strategies, or methods of writing; and
3. create a full-blown essay using the different patterns of development in
writing.
Pre – Assessment: DIRECTIONS: Match Column A to Column B. Write the letter of your choice
before the number.

Column A Column B
1. It is the act of telling a story, A. Classification
usually in some kind of chronological order. B. Definition
C. Compare and contrast
2. The purpose of it in writing is D. problem-solution
to convince or move readers toward E. cause and effect
a certain point of view, or opinion. F. persuasion
G. description
3. It is a method of paragraph H. Narration
or essay development in which I. Anecdote
a writer analyzes the reasons for—and/or J. Dialogue
the consequences of—an action, event, or decision.

4. The primary purpose of this writing

is to describe a person, place or
thing in such a way that a picture
is formed in the reader's mind.
5. A pattern in writing that divides information into two main sections,
one that describes a problem and one that describes a solution.
6. It is a rhetorical style that discusses the similarities and differences of two
or more things: ideas, concepts, items, places, etc.
7. It explains what something is in comparison to other members of its class,
along with any limitations.
8. It is a method of paragraph or essay development in which a
writer arranges people, objects, or ideas with shared characteristics into classes or group

IV. Lesson Map.

Narration

Persuasion Description

PATTERNS OF
Problem- DEVELOPMENT
IN WRITING Definition
solution ACROSS
DISCIPLINES

Cause and Effect Exemplification/

Classification
Comparison and
Contrast

Figure 1: The diagram above shows the eight different patterns of development in writing
 PATTERN OF DEVELOPMENT IN WRITING

1. Narration

Narration is pattern of writing that tells a story of an event or an experience. You relate a sequence of events which reveals
something of importance (your main point), and all other important events of your story (your supporting details) to bring it
to life with a detailed account of what happened- Who was involved in the event? When did the event happen? Where did
the event occur? What is the focus of your narrative? A concluding statement that emphasizes the main point of your
narrative is very important to make sure that your readers understand the purpose of telling the story. A narrative
paragraph usually follows a chronological order.

2. Description

Description is writing by painting a word picture of person, place, animal or thing through sensory details to create a clear
and vivid impression of the topic. Let your readers see what you see, hear what you hear, smell what you smell, taste what
you taste and feel what you feel. A vivid description highlights the one feature that most stands out about the topic which is
the so called dominant impression. This becomes the topic sentence of the paragraph and will guide you in choosing your
supporting details which can be 'objective' or ‘subjective'. Objective details are your factual observation (what you see, hear
and touch) on the subject based on its physical attributes. Subjective details are your feelings or opinions about what you
are observing. Details in a descriptive paragraph are normally arranged in spatial order. To end a descriptive paragraph, the
concluding statement must reinforce the focus of your description and the general impression you want your reader to put
in mind.

3. Comparison and Contrast

Comparison shows the similarities and contrast tells differences among subjects-people, objects, places, animals, situations
or ideas. Both subjects to be compared and contrasted have to be identified clearly as you write the topic sentence, and
need to have enough in common as basis of comparison. In other words, the same points are used to compare and contrast
your two subjects. Supporting details of each point will show your knowledge of both subjects which are in the same
general class like two pets, two movies or two friends. A comparison-contrast paragraph can either just point out the
similarities or differences, or it can tackle either using subject-by-subject comparison (block pattern) or point-by-point
comparison. In a subject-by-subject comparison, all points about one subject are discussed and then all points about the
other subject. While in point-by-point comparison, each point for both subjects and then to the next point are discussed. In
concluding the comparison-contrast paragraph, a reinforcement the main idea, restatement of the main idea or writer's
preference on what should be done are used to end emphatically the paragraph.

4. Cause and effect

Cause and effect paragraphs are written to help your readers understand why something happened or is happening, and
how one thing affects something else. A cause is what made an event or particular thing happen. An effect is what happens
as a result of the event. In a cause and effect paragraph, a causal relationship must exist which means one event actually
caused another event and did not just come before it in time. The importance of the causes and effects to be discussed
must be considered. A cause and effect paragraph explains either the causes of a situation or event, or the effects of it, but
does both in the same piece of writing. Details are usually arranged in climactic order- for example, from least to most
important.

5. Definition

Definition tells what a word means to have a clear understanding of any word especially technical words, slang and
specialized words used in the paragraph. A definition paragraph includes the three components of a formal definition which
are term to be defined, the general class to which the term belongs, and the characteristics that make the term different
from all other terms in that class. Its topic sentence identifies the term to be defined, and the rest of the paragraph
develops the definition by examples, by outlining a process, or by using one or more of the patterns of development.
Defining by negation, that is telling what the term is not, can also be used.

6. Classification

Classification is another type of paragraph development that involves sorting of items(people, things, ideas) into categories.
The topic sentence of a classification paragraph states the topic being classified and how it is being classified. Each of the
categories must differ from each other with distinct information which will be sorted accordingly. Supporting details are
examples of the categories into which the topic has been sorted. Chronological, Spatial and Climactic orders may be used
for this type of paragraph.

7. Problem- solution

Problem-solution is a type of writing that identifies a problem and proposes solutions, and persuades your readers that the
problem has to be addressed. Your problem- solution essay begins by identifying the problem to your reader and by
conveying to them the importance of solving the problem. Inform them about the problem. Evidences must be presented in
the body part of the essay to show the existence of the problem. Then persuade them that a possible solution must be
done. In the concluding part, your readers must be reminded of the problem and the solution, thus, a forceful question to
reinforce the urgency of addressing the problem must be stated. A climactic order is normally used for developing the
essay.

8. Persuasion

Persuasion is writing that takes a stand on an issue and also examines opposing viewpoints. Evidences to support your
position about an idea or issue must be presented to convince your readers. Your evidences must include the following:
statement of facts, statement of opinion, statistics, and first-hand experience and observations. A forceful statement that
briefly acknowledges your opposition, restates your position, reinforces your reason for your position, calls to action or
states a prediction can conclude your persuasive paragraph.

Activity 1:

Directions: Utilizing one or more of the patterns of development in writing is possible. For this activity, write at least three
paragraph essay for the situation below. Your essay will be evaluated based on the following criteria:

Criteria:

Content and organization-----------------------------------30

Development of ideas----------------------------------------20

Language (Grammar) 30

Dynamics (meeting the requirements) ------------------20

100 %

Interview an Overseas Filipino worker (OFW). However, face-to-face interview is discouraged

due to CoViD-19 pandemic. You can carry out your interview through other means such as
reaching them through phone, social media or any other means you can think of. Ask them
about why they decided to work abroad, how they coped with the environment abroad and
being away with their family for a long time and how they feel whenever they return home.

Activity 2:

What is your favorite story? List at least three (3) reasons why you consider that story your
favorite. Think of how you can persuade your classmates to read, and at the very least, like it as
well. Retell the story as if you are the author him/herself. Let your imagination guide you in
your retelling!
 I. Post-Assessment:

Direction: Identify what pattern of development is appropriate to develop the following topics.
Write your answer after the topic.

1. A portrait of your sister

2. A memorable summer vacation in Japan
3. What is love?
4. Types of mail you receive
5. Free medical care is right, not a privilege
6. How fast-food chains differ from diners
7. The meaning of poltergeist
8. PBA then and now
9. Why teenagers drink?
10. How to eradicate drug addiction?

References:

Books/PDF:
Ibona, L. M. R. , et al.(N.D.). Headway: Read, Think, and Write: A Comprehensive Worktext in
Reading and Writing for Senior High School. SoLINE Publishing Company Inc.: Cebu City

Peña, A. R. S. & Anudin, A.G. (2016). Reading and Writing. Vibal Group Inc.:Quezon City