This Technical Booklet has been prepared by Products conforming with a European

the Department of the Environment for Council Directive

Northern Ireland and provides for certain
Any product designed and manufactured to
methods and standards of building which, if
comply with the requirements of a European
followed, will satisfy the requirements of the
Council Directive does not have to comply with
Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000
any other standard or part of a standard,
(“the Building Regulations”).
whether British, International or other, which
There is no obligation to follow the methods or relates to the same characteristic or specific
comply with the standards set out in this purpose as the EC Directive.
Technical Booklet.
CE marked construction products
If you prefer you may adopt another way of
meeting the requirements of the Building Any construction product (within the meaning of
Regulations but you will have to demonstrate the Construction Products Directive) which
that you have satisfied those requirements by bears a CE marking shall be treated as if it
other means. satisfied the requirements of any appropriate
British Board of Agrément Certificate, British
Other regulations Standard or British Standard Code of Practice
relating to such a product, where the CE Mark
This Technical Booklet relates only to the
relates to the same characteristic or specific
requirements of Regulations F2, F3 and F4.
purpose as the Certificate, Standard or Code of
The work will also have to comply with all other
Practice.
relevant Building Regulations.
Testing of materials and construction
British Standards and European Technical
Specifications Where for the purposes of this Technical
Booklet testing is carried out it shall be carried
In this introduction and throughout this
out by an appropriate organisation offering
Technical Booklet any reference to a British suitable and satisfactory evidence of technical
Standard shall be construed as a reference and professional competence and
to – independence. This condition shall be satisfied
(a) a British Standard or British Standard Code where the testing organisation is accredited in
of Practice; a Member State of the European Economic
Area in accordance with the relevant parts of
(b) a harmonised standard or other relevant the EN 45000 series of standards for the tests
standard of a national standards body of any
carried out.
Member State of the European Economic Area;
(c) an international standard recognised for use
in any Member State of the European
Economic Area;
(d) any appropriate, traditional procedure of
manufacture of a Member State of the
European Economic Area which has a
technical description sufficiently detailed to
permit an assessment of the goods or materials
for the use specified; or
(e) a European Technical Approval issued in
accordance with the Construction Products
Directive,
provided that the proposed standard, code of
practice, specification, technical description or
European Technical Approval provides, in use,
equivalent levels of safety, suitability and
fitness for purpose as that provided by the
British Standard.

1
Materials and workmanship Diagrams
Any work to which a requirement of the The diagrams in this Technical Booklet
Building Regulations applies must, in supplement the text. They do not show all the
accordance with Part B of the Building details of construction and are not intended to
Regulations, be carried out with suitable illustrate compliance with any other
materials and in a workmanlike manner. requirement of the Building Regulations. They
You can comply with the requirements of are not necessarily to scale and should not be
Part B by following an appropriate British used as working details.
Standard or you may demonstrate that you
have complied with those requirements by Reference
other suitable means, such as an acceptable
Any reference in this Technical Booklet to a
British Board of Agrément Certificate, Quality
publication shall, unless otherwise stated, be
Assurance Scheme, Independent Certification
construed as a reference to the edition quoted,
Scheme or Accredited Laboratory Test
together with amendments, supplements or
Certificate.
addenda thereto current at 31 January 1998.

2
 Page
Section 1 Building fabric 4
Elemental Method for dwellings 7
Target U-value Method for dwellings 10
Elemental Method for buildings other than dwellings 11
Calculation Method for buildings other than dwellings 14
Energy Use Method for buildings other than dwellings 15
Limiting thermal bridging around openings in all buildings 16
Limiting air infiltration in all buildings 17

Section 2 Control of space heating systems, hot water storage systems

and the provision and control of artificial lighting systems 18

Section 3 Insulation of pipes, ducts and hot water storage vessels in all buildings 20

Section 4 Alterations, extensions and a material change of use 21

Appendix A Acceptable constructions 22

Appendix B SAP energy rating calculation for a dwelling 42

Appendix C Calculation of the U-value of a ground floor 45

Appendix D Calculation method for structures containing repeating thermal bridges 47

Appendix E Demonstrating compliance using the Elemental Method for dwellings 50

Appendix F Calculations to determine the permissible area of windows, doors and

rooflights in the Elemental Method 51

Appendix G Demonstrating compliance using the Target U-value Method for dwellings 52

Appendix H Demonstrating compliance using the Calculation Method for buildings

other than dwellings 56

Appendix I Thermal bridges at the edges of openings 57

Appendix J Calculated examples for artificial lighting 60

3
1.1 This Section gives the methods of Residential buildings – buildings other than
satisfying the requirements of Regulation F2. dwellings in which people reside including
hotels and institutional buildings.
(a) For dwellings two methods are given, they
are – Semi-exposed wall or floor – a wall or floor
between a building or part of a building to
(i) the Elemental Method; and which Regulation F2 applies and a building or
(ii) the Target U-value Method. part of a building to which Regulation F2 does
not apply.
(b) For buildings other than dwellings three
methods are given, they are – U-value (thermal transmittance coefficient) –
the rate of heat transfer in watts through
(i) the Elemental Method;
1 m² of a structure when the air temperatures
(ii) the Calculation Method; and at each side of the structure differ by 1 °C
(expressed in W/m²K).
(iii) the Energy Use Method.
Ventilated space – a space which is enclosed
Paragraphs 1.3 to 1.11 and 1.33 to 1.35 apply by structure part of which is exposed to the
to all five Methods. external air and permanently ventilated to the
The five Methods are followed by a range of external air by openings or ducts having an
Acceptable constructions (see Appendix A) for aggregate area exceeding 30% of the wall
walls, floors and roofs. These constructions are boundary area.
accompanied by tables which give simple ways Wall – includes any internal or external surface
of determining the thickness of insulation to finishes.
achieve a required U-value.
Window opening – an opening which is
The incorrect application of energy provided for a window irrespective of its size or
conservation measures can increase the risk of purpose.
rain penetration or interstitial condensation.
Guidance on avoiding the technical risks which
might arise is contained in Building Research General rules
Establishment (BRE) Report : Thermal
insulation : avoiding risks. Walls, floors and roofs
1.2 Regulation A11(5)(d) requires a SAP 1.4 (a) In calculating a U-value the effects of
energy rating to be calculated for every new structural framing, timber joists and framing,
dwelling in accordance with the Government’s mortar bedding, window frames and other
Standard Assessment Procedure. The SAP elements significantly affecting the thermal
energy rating may be calculated manually or by transmittance shall be taken into account.
using a computer program approved for this
purpose by the Building Research (b) The fabric of the building shall be designed
Establishment on behalf of the Department of and constructed to limit the effects of thermal
the Environment, Transport and the Regions. bridging. Thermal bridging may be disregarded
when the difference in thermal resistance
Some guidance on SAP energy ratings and between the bridged material and the bridging
examples of typical ratings for different dwelling material is less than 0.1 m²K/W.
types are given in Appendix B.
(c) The area of a building element shall be that
of its internal surface measured between the
Definitions finished internal faces of the enclosing fabric of
the building, and in the case of a roof, shall be
1.3 In this Technical Booklet the following measured in the plane of the ceiling, the area
definitions apply – shall include any openings and the areas
Exposed wall or floor – a wall or floor where partitioning elements abut the internal
exposed to the external air or in contact with surface of the wall, floor or roof.
the ground, or a floor suspended over a void.
Opening – a window, rooflight or any opening
for a door, ventilator or other purpose.

4
Walls Roof
1.5 (a) The following shall be regarded as 1.7 Any opening other than a window, rooflight
exposed walls – or door shall be regarded as part of the roof
and assumed to have the same U-value as the
(i) external walls, other than those enclosing
roof.
a ventilated space;
(ii) external walls in contact with the ground; Windows, doors and rooflights
(iii) internal walls exposed to a ventilated 1.8 (a) U-values of windows, doors and
space; and rooflights shall preferably be taken from
manufacturer’s independently certified data. In
(iv) any part of a roof which has a pitch of
the absence of such data the standard
70° or more.
U-values given in Table 1.1 shall be used.
(b) The following shall be regarded as part of a
(b) The standard U-values given in Table 1.1
wall and assumed to have the same U-value as
can be achieved by windows having sealed
the wall –
double-glazed units or by other systems (such
(i) an opening other than for a door, as secondary glazing) which incorporate two or
window or rooflight; and more panes of glass, or other glazing material,
with space between.
(ii) a meter cupboard recess.
(c) Windows and doors with single glazed
Floors panels protected by an unheated draughtproof
space such as an enclosed porch or
1.6 (a) A floor shall be regarded as an exposed
conservatory may be assumed to have a
floor when its undersurface is in contact with
U-value of 3.3 W/m²K.
the ground or it is exposed to the external air,
and shall include a suspended floor over a (d) Single glazed panels may be provided in
ventilated or unventilated void. external doors provided that they do not
increase the average U-value for windows,
(b) Any part of a floor which serves as a roof
doors and rooflights beyond the limit dependent
shall be regarded as a roof in relation to that
upon the area of openings permitted by Table
part of the building immediately beneath it.
1.3.
(e) Rooflights in any part of a roof at a pitch of
70° or more shall be regarded as a window.

5
Calculation of window, door and rooflight
areas
1.9 In calculating the area of window, door and
rooflight openings in a wall or roof –
(a) the area shall be measured internally
between reveals and from head to sill;
(b) the floor area and area of window, door or
rooflight openings in accommodation excluded
by Regulation F1(2)(a), shall not be included;
and
(c) in a shop, access doors and display
windows at an access level shall not be
included.

Calculation of U-values
1.10 Where the U-value of a wall, floor or roof
is to be calculated it shall be calculated in
accordance with CIBSE Guide A3 : Thermal
Properties of Building Structures : 1986.
However, the U-value of –
(a) a ground floor may be calculated in
accordance with the method given in Appendix
C; and
(b) a wall, floor or roof containing thermal
bridging may be calculated in accordance with
the method given in Appendix D.

Limiting U-values
1.11 (a) In a dwelling the U-value of an
exposed wall or floor shall be no greater than
0.7 W/m²K and the U-value of a roof shall be
no greater than 0.35 W/m²K.
(b) In a residential building the U-value of an
exposed wall or floor shall be no greater than
0.7 W/m²K and the U-value of a roof shall be
no greater than 0.45 W/m²K.
(c) In a building other than a dwelling or a
residential building the U-value of an exposed
wall or floor, or a roof shall be no greater than
0.7 W/m²K.

6
1.12 The Elemental Method considers each (c) The maximum U-values and areas of
element of the exposed building fabric of a openings for dwellings having a SAP energy
dwelling separately and a SAP energy rating rating of 60 or less are illustrated in Diagram
must be calculated or assumed before it can be 1.1(a) and for dwellings having a SAP energy
used. rating of more than 60 in Diagram 1.1(b).
In this method the U-value of a construction (d) Where the work consists solely of an
may be determined by calculation (see extension to a dwelling, the extension shall be
paragraph 1.10) or an Acceptable construction designed and constructed with walls, floors and
(see Appendix A) may be used. It is also roofs having U-values no greater than those
permissible to use a mixture of calculated and given in column (3) of Table 1.2.
Acceptable constructions.
Demonstrating compliance
(a) Where the SAP energy rating is 60 or less
the dwelling shall be designed and constructed 1.13 A procedure for demonstrating compliance
with walls, floors and roofs having U-values by using the Elemental Method is given in
and areas of openings no greater than those Appendix E.
given in column (2) of Table 1.2.
(b) Where the SAP energy rating is more than
60 the dwelling shall be designed and
constructed with walls, floors and roofs having
U-values and areas of openings no greater
than those given in column (3) of Table 1.2.

* These values may be modified in accordance with paragraph 1.14

7
8
Window, door and rooflight openings
1.14 The U-values of 3.3 and 3.0 W/m²K given
in Table 1.1 are standard values for double
glazing and doors which are permitted to have
a combined maximum area of 22.5% of the
total floor area. Where those elements have
different U-values which have been certified by
test the maximum area of openings may be
varied proportionally in accordance with
Table 1.3.
Examples illustrating the method of calculating
the permissible area of windows, doors and
rooflights are given in Appendix F.
In calculating the maximum permitted area of
windows, doors and rooflights in an extension
to a dwelling the percentage may be based on
either –
(a) the total floor area of the extension; or
(b) the total floor area of the existing dwelling
and the extension together, in which case the
allowable area shall be the permitted area less
the area of the existing windows, doors and
rooflights.

Conservatories
1.15 Where a conservatory is erected as part
of a new dwelling –
(a) a wall or floor separating a conservatory
from a dwelling shall be constructed as a semi-
exposed wall or floor;
(b) any door and any window in the separating
elements shall be constructed as an exposed
door or window; and
(c) if the conservatory is heated, it shall be
provided with temperature and on/off controls
separate from the dwelling.

9
1.16 The Target U-value Method calculates the For the purpose of this method glazing facing
average maximum permissible U-value of the +/- 30° of north or south may be regarded as
exposed building fabric and a SAP energy facing north or south respectively.
rating must be calculated or assumed before it
can be used. Accounting for a high efficiency heating
system
In this method the U-value of a construction
may be determined by calculation (see 1.21 The Target U-value equations assume that
paragraph 1.10) or an Acceptable construction the dwelling is heated by a conventional hot
(see Appendix A) may be used. It is also water central heating system having a boiler
permissible to use a mixture of calculated and with a seasonal efficiency of 72%. Where
Acceptable constructions. manufacturer’s independently certified data
shows a higher seasonal efficiency the Target
(a) Where the SAP energy rating is 60 or less
U-value may be increased by up to 10% as
the dwelling shall be designed and constructed
follows –
so that its average U-value does not exceed its
Target U-value as calculated from – (a) when the boiler has a seasonal efficiency of
total floor area (m²) x 0.57 85% or more, for example, a condensing boiler,
Target U-value = +0.36 the Target U-value may be increased by 10%;
total area of exposed elements (m²)
and
(b) Where the SAP energy rating is more than
(b) when the boiler has a seasonal efficiency
60 the dwelling shall be designed and
between 72% and 85% the Target U-value may
constructed so that its average U-value does
be increased on a pro-rata basis up to a
not exceed its Target U-value as calculated
maximum of 10%.
from –
total floor area (m²) x 0.64 Where a dwelling has an electrical heating
Target U-value = +0.4 system with a heat pump and the system has a
total area of exposed elements (m²)
seasonal coefficient of performance of 2.5 or
1.17 The total floor area shall be taken as the more (taking account of heating distribution
area of all floors of the dwelling measured losses) and mechanical ventilation with heat
between the internal faces of the enclosing recovery, the Target U-value may be increased
fabric of the dwelling. by 10%.
1.18 The total area of exposed elements for
Demonstrating compliance
purposes of paragraph 1.16 shall be taken as
the total internal surface area of the dwelling 1.22 The procedure for demonstrating
and shall include the ground floor area. compliance by using the Target U-value
Method is given in Appendix G.
1.19 Semi-exposed elements shall be omitted
from the calculation. However, any semi-
Conservatories
exposed elements shall have a maximum
U-value of 0.6 W/m²K. 1.23 Where a conservatory is erected as part
of a new dwelling –
Accounting for solar gains
(a) a wall or floor separating a conservatory
1.20 The Target U-value equations assume an from a dwelling shall be constructed as a semi-
equal distribution of glazing on the north and exposed wall or floor;
south elevations. Where the area of glazing
(b) any door and any window in the separating
facing south exceeds that facing north the
elements shall be constructed as an exposed
formula may be adjusted to take account of
door or window; and
solar gains by reducing the total window area
included in the calculation. (c) if the conservatory is heated, it shall be
provided with temperature and on/off controls
To take account of solar gains the window area
separate from the dwelling.
may be taken as the actual window area less
40% of the difference in the area of glazing
facing south and that facing north.

10
1.24 The Elemental Method considers each In this method the U-value of a construction
element of the exposed building fabric may be determined by calculation (see
separately. Each element shall have U-values paragraph 1.10) or an Acceptable construction
and areas of openings no greater than those (see Appendix A) may be used. It is also
given for the relevant building type in Table 1.4. permissible to use a mixture of calculated and
These U-values and areas of openings are Acceptable constructions.
illustrated in Diagrams 1.2 and 1.3.

+ These values may be modified in accordance with paragraph 1.25

* There is no restriction on the area of vehicle access and similar large external doors

11
12
Window, door and rooflight openings In calculating the maximum permitted areas of
1.25 The U-value of 3.3 W/m²K given in windows, personnel doors and rooflights in an
Table 1.4 is a standard value for double glazing extension to a building the percentage may be
and doors. Table 1.4 also gives the maximum based on either –
permitted area of window, door and rooflight (a) the wall and roof areas of the extension; or
openings for different building types. Where
these elements have different U-values which (b) the wall and roof areas of the existing
have been independently certified by test the building and extension together, in which case
maximum area of openings may be varied the allowable areas shall be the permitted
proportionally in accordance with Table 1.5. areas less the areas of the existing windows
and personnel doors or rooflights as
Examples illustrating the method of calculating appropriate.
the permissible areas of windows, doors and
rooflights are given in Appendix F.

13
1.26 The Calculation Method allows a building
to be designed and constructed so that its total
rate of heat loss is no greater than that of a
notional building of the same shape and size
designed to comply with Table 1.4.
In this method the U-value of a construction
may be determined by calculation (see
paragraph 1.10) or an Acceptable construction
(see Appendix A) may be used. It is also
permissible to use a mixture of calculated and
Acceptable constructions.
When using this method a lower U-value in one
element may be traded against a higher
U-value in another or against a larger area of
openings.
1.27 In addition to the General rules in
paragraphs 1.4 to 1.11 the following rules
apply –
(a) If the total area of openings in the proposed
construction is less than that permitted by Table
1.4, this smaller area shall also be used when
calculating the total rate of heat loss from the
notional building.
(b) If the U-value of the floor next to the
ground, without insulation, is less than
0.45 W/m²K this lower value shall also be used
when calculating the total rate of heat loss from
the notional building.
1.28 A worked example of demonstrating
compliance using the Calculation Method is
given in Appendix H.

Note
The data in this table is derived assuming a constant heat loss
through the exposed wall or roof area as appropriate. The
constant heat loss amounts to the loss through the wall or roof
component plus the loss through the basic area allowance of
windows, personnel doors or rooflights respectively as calculated
using the U-values in Table 1.4.

14
1.29 The Energy Use Method calculates the 1.32 The method for calculating the energy
energy consumption of a building (taking consumption shall be CIBSE Building Energy
account of any useful heat gains) and this shall Code Part 2 - Calculation of Energy Demands
be no greater than that of a notional building of and Targets for the design of new buildings and
the same shape and size designed to comply services - Section (a) Heated and Naturally
with Table 1.4. Ventilated Buildings 1981 (Worksheets la to
1e).
In this method the U-value of a construction
may be determined by calculation (see
paragraph 1.10) or an Acceptable construction
(see Appendix A) may be used. It is also
permissible to use a mixture of calculated and
Acceptable constructions.
1.30 This method is only suitable for use with
naturally ventilated buildings and buildings
which have mechanical extract ventilation for
the ventilation of kitchens, bathrooms and
sanitary accommodation.
1.31 In addition to the General rules in
paragraphs 1.4 to 1.11 the following rules
apply –
(a) If the total area of openings in the proposed
construction is less than that determined by
applying Table 1.4, this smaller area shall also
be used when calculating the energy
consumption of the notional building.
(b) If the U-value of the floor next to the
ground, without insulation, is less than
0.45 W/m²K, that lower value shall also be
used when calculating the energy consumption
of the notional building.

15
1.33 To reduce heat losses around openings, 1.34 Lintels, jambs and sills shall be either
lintels, jambs and sills shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Diagram 1.4 or
constructed to limit the effects of thermal designed and constructed within the provisions
bridging. of Appendix I. Alternatively, the method given in
BRE IP 12/94 Assessing condensation risk and
heat loss at thermal bridges around openings
may be used.

16
1.35 To reduce the infiltration of cold air, (d) sealing service penetrations and at floor
leakage paths through the building fabric shall and ceiling junctions where services are not
be limited by – boxed in;
(a) sealing gaps between dry-lining and (e) sealing around joist ends where joists are
masonry walls at the edges of openings such built into the external walls: and
as windows and doors and at junctions with (f) sealing vapour control membranes in timber
walls, floors and ceilings;
framed construction.
(b) sealing gaps between frames and openings The provisions are illustrated in Diagram 1.5.
and draughtproofing the openable elements of
windows, doors and rooflights;
(c) sealing hatches to unheated floor and roof
voids;

17
Dwellings [Sub-paragraph 2.5(a) shall not prevent the use
of a radiator as a heat leak in a solid fuel
2.1 In a dwelling the output of a space heating
system.]
system shall be controlled by –
(b) where the system uses hot water, an
(a) room thermostats or thermostatic radiator
external temperature sensing device (weather
valves to control the temperatures
compensating control) to regulate the
independently in zones that require different
temperature of the water flowing in the heating
temperatures (such as separate sleeping and
circuit;
living areas); and
(c) where the system is other than off-peak
[Sub-paragraph 2.1(a) shall not prevent the use
electricity and operates intermittently, controls
of a radiator as a heat leak in a solid fuel
to ensure that the system operates only when
system.]
the building is normally occupied –
(b) where heat is provided by a boiler, other
(i) for a space heating system with an
than a solid fuel boiler which operates only by
output of not more than 100kW, a clock
natural draught, a time clock shall be provided
control which can be manually set to give
to control the periods when the heating system
start and stop times; and
operates.
(ii) for a space heating system with an
2.2 To minimise boiler cycling –
output of more than 100kW, a control
(a) a gas or oil fired boiler shall switch off when arrangement which will give start and stop
there is no demand for heat; and times appropriate to the rate at which the
building will respond (optimising control);
(b) where a space heating system is controlled
and
solely by thermostatic radiator valves, the
system shall be fitted with flow control or other [Sub-paragraph 2.5(c) shall not prevent the
anti-cycling device. provision of additional controls which will allow
sufficient heating to prevent damage to the
2.3 The requirements of paragraphs 2.1 and
building structure, services or contents by frost,
2.2 shall not apply to individual solid fuel, gas
excessive humidity or condensation.]
or electric fires and roomheaters with integral
controls. (d) where a space heating system has more
than one gas or oil-fired boiler which can work
2.4 The provisions of paragraphs 2.1 and 2.2
together to meet a heat demand of more than
shall not apply to ducted warm air systems or
100kW, boiler controls capable of detecting
to flap controlled electric storage heaters but
variations in the need for heat in the building, to
these systems shall be fitted with thermostats
start, stop or modulate the boilers to ensure
and time controls.
efficient sequential boiler operation (sequence
control).
Buildings other than dwellings
2.6 The provisions of paragraph 2.5 may be
2.5 In buildings other than dwellings, the space
met by using either individual controls or a
heating system shall be provided with –
building energy management system.
(a) thermostats or thermostatic radiator valves
for each part of the heating system designed to
be separately controlled;

18
2.7 The provisions of paragraph 2.5 shall not
apply to ducted warm air systems or to flap
controlled electric storage heaters but these
systems shall be fitted with thermostats and
time controls.

Hot water storage system controls in all

buildings
2.8 In a building an indirectly heated hot water
storage vessel with a heat exchanger, having
sufficient heating capacity for effective control,
shall have –
(a) a thermostat to shut off the supply of heat
to the hot water storage vessel when the
storage temperature is reached (in the case of
a hot water central heating system, this
thermostat shall be linked with the space Control of artificial lighting in a building
heating controls to switch off the boiler when other than a dwelling
heat is not required); and 2.12 To minimise the use of artificial lighting,
(b) a time clock to shut off the supply of heat lighting controls shall be designed to avoid
when water heating is not required. unnecessary lighting of spaces or rooms which
are unoccupied. However, the operation of
2.9 The provisions of paragraph 2.8(a) shall not automatically switched lighting systems shall
apply where the hot water storage vessel not endanger the passage of people in and
provides the heat leak in a solid fuel system. about the building.
2.10 The provisions of paragraph 2.8(b) shall 2.13 In a building other than a dwelling any
not prevent the use of off-peak electricity for artificial lighting system shall be controlled by –
water heating.
(a) manually operated switches where the
Provision of artificial lighting in a building distance measured on plan from a switch to the
other than a dwelling furthest light fitting it controls is not more than 8
metres or 3 times the height of the light fitting
2.11 In a building other than a dwelling any above finished floor level whichever is the
artificial lighting shall – greater; or
(a) provide 95% of the artificial lighting capacity (b) automatic switching which turns the lighting
in circuit Watts with light fittings incorporating off when the room is unoccupied.
lamps which have a performance in use no
worse than those listed in Table 2.1; or [For the purposes of this paragraph, switch
includes a dimmer switch which reduces rather
(b) incorporate lamps with an average initial than diverts the energy source.]
(100 hour) efficacy of not less than 50 lumens
per circuit Watt. 2.14 The requirements of paragraphs 2.11,
2.12 and 2.13 shall not apply to lighting
[Circuit Watts includes the power consumed by intended to highlight displays of exhibits or
lamps, their associated control gear and power merchandise (display lighting) or to emergency
factor correction equipment.] lighting.
[Emergency lighting provides illumination for
the safety of people leaving an area or
attempting to terminate a process before
leaving an area.]

Demonstrating compliance
2.15 Worked examples of demonstrating
compliance by a lighting calculation are given
in Appendix J.

19
Insulation of pipes and ducts Insulation of hot water pipes connected to a
hot water storage vessel
3.1 Unless the heat loss from a pipe or duct
contributes to the useful heat requirement of a 3.5 The hot water pipes connected to a hot
room or space it shall be thermally insulated – water storage vessel, including the vent pipe
and the primary flow and return to the heat
(a) in the case of a pipe, with insulating
exchanger, where fitted, shall be thermally
material which has a thermal conductivity of not
insulated for at least 1 metre from their point of
more than 0.045 W/mK and a thickness equal
connection to the vessel, or to the point where
to the outside diameter of the pipe or 40mm,
they become concealed, with material which
whichever is the lesser; or
has a thermal conductivity of not more than
(b) in the case of a pipe or duct, in accordance 0.045 W/mK and a thickness of not less than
with the relevant recommendations of 15 mm.
BS 5422 : 1990.
3.6 When providing insulation, care shall be
taken to ensure that any insulating material
Insulation of hot water storage vessels
does not impede the safe operation and
3.2 A normal domestic size (120 litres) hot visibility of warning discharges of any unvented
water storage vessel complying with BS 1566 : hot water storage vessel.
1984 (1990) or BS 3198 : 1981 or equivalent
shall be thermally insulated either –
(a) to limit the standing heat loss to not more
than 1W/litre when tested in accordance with
BS 1566 : Part 1:1984 (1990): Appendix B4; or
(b) with a factory-applied coating of
polyurethane foam not less than 35 mm thick
and a minimum density of 30 kg/m³.
3.3 A hot water storage vessel complying with
BS 1566 : 1984 (1990) or BS 3198 : 1981 or
equivalent and having a capacity of other than
120 litres shall be thermally insulated either –
(a) with the same material and thickness of
insulation as that required for a 120 litre hot
water storage vessel complying with paragraph
3.2(a); or
(b) with a factory-applied coating of
polyurethane foam not less than 35 mm thick
and a minimum density of 30 kg/m³.
3.4 A hot water storage vessel complying with
BS 853 : 1990 shall be thermally insulated with
material which has a thermal conductivity of not
more than 0.045 W/mK and a thickness of not
less than 50 mm.

20
4.1 This Section deals with the measures which Material change of use
shall be provided where an existing building is
4.7 Where a building has an accessible roof
altered or extended or when it undergoes a
void and an existing roof U-value of
material change of use.
0.45 W/m2K or greater, additional insulation
4.2 Where a structural alteration or extension to shall be provided to achieve a roof U-value no
a building is constructed to a standard lower greater than 0.35 W/m2K.
than those given in Section 1, the Elemental
Method will be the only viable method of Services and fittings
demonstrating compliance.
4.8 Where the alteration, extension or material
4.3 Where the building to be altered or change of use to a building includes new work,
extended was designed and constructed in alteration to or replacement of a service or
accordance with any of the methods in this fitting then that work is controlled in the same
Technical Booklet then that method shall be way as it would be if the building were being
used to demonstrate the compliance of the newly erected.
building as altered or extended. (See Regulation A8 and Section 2 or 3.)

Alterations
4.4 Where it is unreasonable to apply the
standards given in Section 1 because it is
impracticable or would necessitate a
disproportionate amount of work, an alteration
shall not be of a lower standard than that of the
existing element being altered.

Extensions
4.5 Where an extension is added the new
elements shall meet the provisions of Section 1
with the area of openings calculated in
accordance with paragraph 1.14 or 1.25 as
appropriate.
4.6 Where a building is extended by the
addition of a conservatory, regardless of
whether or not the conservatory is subject to
control, any associated work to the building or
its heating system is subject to control.

21
A.1 The Acceptable constructions may be used
with any of the Methods given in Section 1.
The Acceptable constructions are a range of
wall, floor and roof constructions with
supporting tables. The tables give a simple
means of determining the required thickness of
insulating material (of various thermal
conductivities [W/mK]) for a range of U-values.
The base thicknesses of insulating materials
given in Tables A.2, A.9, A.10, A.12, A.13 and
A.14 are the thicknesses which give the
specified U-values assuming that other parts of
the construction make no contribution to the
thermal performance. The required thickness is
the base thickness reduced to take account of
the contribution of the other parts of the
construction. The appropriate reductions are
given in Tables A.3, A.4, A.5 A.11 and A.15.
In Tables A.2, A.9, A.10, A.12, A.13 and A.14
the base thickness corresponding with the U-
values given in Tables 1.2 and 1.4 are shown in
bold print.
Tables A.6, A.7 and A.8 give the thickness of
insulation required to achieve floor U-values of
0.25, 0.35 and 0.45 W/m2K for a range of
perimeter/area ratios and thermal conductivities
of insulating material.
Where a U-value, thermal conductivity or
perimeter/area ratio is between the values
given in a table, the thickness of insulating
material may be obtained by linear
interpolation.
Table A.1 gives the thermal conductivities for
given densities of common building materials.
Where a material or material density other than
that given is to be used, or where a lower
thermal conductivity is claimed for a given
material or density, the thermal conductivity of
the material shall be established in accordance
with CIBSE Guide A3 : 1980 : Appendix A.

22
Walls
A.2 Wall Types 1, 2 and 3 describe and
illustrate the acceptable wall constructions to
which Tables A.2 to A.5 apply. Table A.2 gives
the base thickness of insulating material, of
different thermal conductivities, required to
achieve the given U-values (neglecting the
thermal resistance of the other components of
the wall construction). Tables A.3, A.4 and A.5
give the deductions which may be made, from
the base thickness to allow for the thermal
resistance of the other components of the wall
construction. These tables equate the other
components to a thickness of insulating
material.
Example 1 – Determine the thickness of
insulation required to achieve a U-value of
0.45 W/m2K for the following wall construction.
The chosen insulating material has a thermal
conductivity of 0.035 W/mK.

Using Table A.2

From column E, row 4 the base thickness of
the insulation layer is 71 mm. This base
thickness may be reduced by taking account of
the other materials as follows –
From Table A.3
Render column E, row 9 = 1
Plaster column E, row 3 = 1
and from Table A.4
Concrete block column E, row 12
adjusted for 200 mm thickness 2.0 x 5 = 10
12
The minimum thickness of the insulating layer
to achieve a U-value of 0.45 W/m2K is
therefore –
Base thickness less total reduction =
71 – 12 = 59 mm.

23
Basic construction
Solid wall at least 200 mm thick of bricks or
blocks of clay, calcium silicate, concrete or cast
stone.

A. Basic construction as above.

Insulation applied as a lining so that there is
an airspace of at least 25 mm between the
inside face of the wall and the insulation.
The internal finish shall be plasterboard.
Where a vapour control layer is required it
shall be fitted between the insulation and
plasterboard.
External render required.

B. Basic construction as above.

Insulation applied to the external surface of
the masonry. The insulation protected either
by rendering or by a cladding of sheets,
tiles or boarding. Where cladding is used
provide a ventilated airspace between the
cladding and the insulation.
Internal finish of plaster or plasterboard
optional.
Where a vapour control layer is required it
shall be fixed between the internal surface
of the masonry and a plasterboard lining.

24
Basic construction
Cavity wall of 2 leaves of masonry separated
by a cavity at least 50 mm wide; each leaf at
least 100 mm thick of bricks or blocks of clay,
calcium silicate, concrete or cast stone.
External render optional.

A. Basic construction as above.

Insulation applied as a lining to the internal
surface of the wall with a plasterboard
internal finish.
Where a vapour control layer is required it
shall be fixed between the insulation and
plasterboard.

B. Basic construction as above.

Insulation applied as a cavity fill.
Internal finish of plaster or plasterboard
optional.

C. Basic construction as above.

Insulation applied as a partial cavity fill so
as to preserve a residual airspace of at
least 50 mm wide.
Internal finish of plaster or plasterboard
optional.

25
A. Framed wall of timber studs and noggins
with a vapour permeable sheathing material
over the framing and covered with a
breather membrane.
Masonry external leaf at least 100 mm thick
of bricks or blocks of clay, calcium silicate,
concrete or cast stone, with a ventilated
cavity not less than 50 mm wide and not
greater than 100 mm wide between the
cladding and sheathing material.
The cavity shall be ventilated by means of
open perpend joints at the top and bottom
of the wall. There shall be at least one open
perpend joint for every 1.2 m length of wall.
External render optional.
Insulation applied as an infill to the framing.
Internal finish of plasterboard on a vapour
control layer.

B. Framed wall of timber studs and noggins

with a vapour permeable sheathing material
over the framing and covered with a
breather membrane.
Cladding of weatherboarding, tiles or slates
on battens and counterbattens.
Insulation applied as an infill to the framing.
Internal finish of plasterboard on a vapour
control layer.

C. Framed wall of timber studs and noggins or

of metal studs and rails.
Cladding of fibre cement, GRC, GRP,
plastics or metal.
Insulation applied either to the internal face
of the framing with a permanently ventilated
cavity directly behind the cladding or, where
the cladding system is vapour permeable
as an infill to the framing.
An internal lining on a vapour control layer.

26
Example 2 – Cavity wall with partial cavity Example 3 – Timber framed wall with brick
fill cladding
(Wall Type 2C) (Wall Type 3A)

Determine the thickness of insulation required Determine the thickness of insulation required
to achieve a U-value of 0.45 W/m2K for the wall to achieve a U-value of 0.45 W/m2K for the wall
construction below. construction below.

The chosen insulating material has a thermal The chosen insulating material has a thermal
conductivity of 0.025 W/mK. conductivity of 0.035 W/mK.
Using Table A.2
Using Table A.2
From column C, row 4 the base thickness of
the insulation layer is 51 mm. From column E, row 4 of the table the base
thickness of the insulation layer is 71 mm. The
The base thickness may be reduced by taking base thickness may be reduced by taking
account of the other materials as follows – account of the other materials as follows –
From Table A.3 From Table A.3
Brick outer leaf, column C, row 2 = 3 Brick outer leaf, column E, row 2 = 4
Cavity, column C, row 1 = 5 Cavity, column E, row 1 = 6
Plaster, column C, row 3 = 1 Sheathing ply, column E, row 8 = 2
and from Table A.4 Plasterboard, column E, row 6 = 3
Concrete block, column C, row 12 = 3 and from Table A.5
12 Timber frame, column E, row 1
The minimum thickness of the insulation layer adjusted for shallower member
to achieve a U-value of 0.45 W/m2K is (0.9 x 74 mm) = 67
therefore –
Total reduction = 82 mm
Base thickness less total reduction =
As the total reduction is greater than the
51 – 12 = 39 mm. required base thickness no additional insulation
is required.

27
28
Floors
A.3 Floor Type 1 describes and illustrates the
acceptable floor constructions to which Tables
A.6, A.7 and A.8 apply. Floor Type 2 describes
and illustrates the acceptable floor
constructions to which Tables A.9, A.10 and
A.11 apply.
Tables A.6, A.7 and A.8 are based on the ratio
of the perimeter of the floor to its area. When
calculating the perimeter the length adjacent to
an unheated space such as a porch or garage,
shall be included but when calculating the area
of the floor, the area of any such unheated
space shall be excluded.
(a) Floors next to the ground
Table A.6 applies to ground supported concrete
floors. Table A.7 applies to suspended concrete
floors and Table A.8 to suspended timber
floors. These tables give the thicknesses of
insulating material, of different thermal
conductivities, required for the given perimeter
to area ratio, to achieve a U-value of 0·45, 0·35
or 0·25 W/m2K.
(b) Exposed and semi-exposed floors
Tables A.9 and A.10 are for exposed and semi-
exposed floors. These tables give the
thicknesses of insulating material, of different
thermal conductivities to achieve a U-value of
0·6 W/m2K for a semi-exposed floor and a U-
value of 0·45 or 0·35 W/m2K for exposed floors.
Table A.11 gives the deductions which may be
made from the base thickness, to allow for the
thermal resistances of the other components of
the floor construction. Where appropriate Table
A.11 equates the other components to a
thickness of insulating material.

29
Ground supported concrete floors
A. Hardcore bed of well compacted inert
material at least 100 mm thick, blinded with
suitable fine material to form a smooth level
surface.
Concrete slab at least 100 mm thick with a
damp proof membrane laid either above or
below the slab.
Insulation applied as a rigid material under
a screed or board.
Floor finish optional.

B. Hardcore bed of well compacted inert

material at least 100 mm thick, blinded with
suitable fine material to form a smooth level
surface.
Insulation applied as a rigid material under
the concrete.
Concrete slab at least 100 mm thick with a
damp proof membrane laid as a sandwich
between the concrete slab and a screed.
Floor finish optional.

Suspended concrete floors

C. Suspended concrete floor of in situ or
precast concrete slabs or beams with
concrete or clay infill units.
Insulation applied as a rigid material under
a screed or board.
Permanent underfloor ventilation is
required.
Floor finish optional.

Suspended timber floors

D. Hardcore bed of well compacted inert
material at least 100 mm thick, blinded with
suitable fine material to form a smooth level
surface.
Ground cover of concrete at least 100 mm
thick or concrete at least 50 mm thick on at
least 1200 gauge polyethylene sheet.
Suspended floor of timber joists and
boarding.
Insulation applied between the joists and
supported with corrosion resistant fixings,
battens or plastic mesh.
Permanent underfloor ventilation is
required.
Floor finish optional.

30
Ground Floors
Note: in using the tables for floors it is first
necessary to calculate the ratio P/A, where –
P is the floor perimeter in metres and
A is the floor area in square metres.

31
 Example 4 – Solid floor in contact with the
ground

Determine the thickness of insulation required

to achieve a U-value of 0.45 W/m2K for the
ground floor slab shown below.

It is proposed to use insulation with a thermal

conductivity of 0·02 W/mK
The overall perimeter length of the slab is –
(10 + 4 + 4 + 2 + 6 + 6) = 32 m
The floor area of the slab is –
(6 x 6) + (4 x 4) = 52 m2
The ratio –
perimeter length 32 = 0·6
floor area = 52
Using Table A.6, column B, row 23 indicates
20 mm of insulation is required.

The insulation may be located above or below

the concrete slab.
Example 5 – Suspended timber floor
If the floor shown above was of suspended
timber construction, the perimeter length and
floor area would be the same, yielding the
same ratio of –
perimeter length 32 = 0·6
floor area = 52
To achieve a U-value of 0·45 W/m2K, using
insulation with a thermal conductivity of 0·04
W/mK, Table A.8, column F, row 23 indicates
that the insulation thickness between the joists
should be not less than 49 mm.

32
Solid floors
A. Concrete floor of in situ or precast slabs or
beams.
High vapour permeability insulation applied
to the soffit of the concrete floor.
External finish optional but if used shall be
of high vapour permeability.
Floor finish optional.

Joisted floors
B. Floor of timber joists and boarding.
High vapour permeability insulation applied
between the joists.
High vapour permeability external finish.

33
Exposed and semi-exposed upper floors

34
Roofs
A.4 Tables A.12, A.13 and A.14 give the base
thicknesses of insulating materials, of different
thermal conductivities, required to achieve the
given U-value (neglecting the thermal
resistances of the other components of the roof
construction).
Table A.15 gives the deductions which may be
made from the base thickness to allow for the
thermal resistances of the other components of
the roof construction. Where appropriate Table
A.15 equates the other components to a
thickness of insulating material.
Tables A.12, A.13 and A.14 are only valid for
the Acceptable constructions illustrated in Roof
Types 1 and 2. (Where tapered components
are used in a flat roof, or where a pitched roof
contains a horizontal ceiling, special factors
apply to the U-value calculations. For details
see CIBSE Guide A3, Section A3-16, U-values
of roofs).

35
A. Flat roof structure of in situ or precast
concrete with or without a screed.
External weatherproof covering with
insulation below, laid on a vapour control
layer over the roof structure.
Suspended ceiling optional.

B. Flat roof structure of in situ or precast

concrete with or without a screed.
Protective topping or ballast layer on low
vapour permeability insulation, laid on a
weatherproof covering over the roof
structure.
Suspended ceiling optional.

C. Flat roof structure of timber or metal framed

construction overlaid with a board decking
at least 19 mm thick.
External weatherproof covering with
insulation below, laid on a vapour control
layer over the board decking.
Ceiling optional.

36
D. Flat roof structure of timber or metal framed
construction overlaid with a board decking
at least 19 mm thick.
Protective topping on a low vapour
permeability insulation, laid on a
weatherproof covering over the roof
structure.
Ceiling optional.

E. Flat roof structure of timber or metal framed

construction overlaid with a profiled metal
decking.
External weatherproof covering with
insulation below, laid on a vapour control
layer over the metal decking.
Suspended ceiling optional.

F. Flat roof structure of timber or metal framed

construction overlaid with a profiled metal
decking.
Protective topping on a low vapour
permeability insulation, laid on a
weatherproof covering over the roof
structure.
Suspended ceiling optional.

Note
These provisions do not apply to sheet metal weatherproof coverings such as lead, copper, zinc,
etc, which require joints to allow for thermal movement.

37
A. Pitched roof structure of timber or metal
framed construction.
External weatherproof covering of slates or
tiles on battens on sarking felt.
Insulation applied over a horizontal ceiling.
Permanent ventilation is required to the loft
space.
Where a vapour control layer is required it
shall be fitted between the insulation and
ceiling.

B. Pitched roof structure of timber or metal

framed construction.
External weatherproof covering of slates or
tiles on battens on sarking felt.
Insulation applied over a sloping ceiling
with a vapour control layer between the
insulation and the ceiling.
Permanent ventilation is required to the
airspace.

C. Pitched roof structure of timber or metal

framed construction.
External weatherproof covering of metal or
fibre cement sheeting.
Insulation applied as an interlayer between
the external and soffit sheeting to form a
composite construction.
Sloping ceiling optional.

Note
These provisions do not apply to sheet metal weatherproof coverings such as lead, copper, zinc,
etc, which require joints to allow for thermal movement.

38
39
Example 6 – Flat roof of concrete Example 7 – Pitched roof with insulation
(Roof Type 1A) between and over the ceiling joists
(Roof Type 2A)
Determine the thickness of insulation required
to achieve a U-value of 0.45 W/m2K for the Determine the thickness of the insulation layer
roof construction below. above the joists required to achieve a U-value
of 0.25 W/m2K for the roof construction shown
below.

The chosen insulating material has a thermal

conductivity of 0·035 W/mK.
Using Table A.14 It is proposed to use mineral fibre insulation
between and over the joists with a thermal
From column E, row 6 the base thickness of conductivity of 0·035 W/mK.
the insulation layer is 73 mm.
Using Table A.13
The base thickness may be reduced by taking
account of the other materials as follows – From column E, row 2 of the table, the base
thickness of the insulation layer = 152 mm.
From Table A.15
The base thickness may be reduced by taking
Concrete slab, column E, row 6 account of the other materials as follows –
adjusted for 150 mm thickness From Table A.15
1·5 x 3 = 4·5
19 mm roof tiles column E, row 13 = 1
Roofing felt, column E, row 14 = 1
Roofspace column E, row 11 = 6
50mm screed, column E, row 15 =4
10 mm plasterboard column E, row 7 = 2
9·5 mm
Total reduction = 9 mm
The minimum thickness of the insulating layer
to achieve a U-value of 0·45 W/m2K is The minimum thickness of the insulating layer
therefore – over the joists required in addition to the
100 mm insulation between the joists to
Base thickness less total reduction is achieve a U-value of 0·25 W/m2K is therefore –
73 – 9·5 = 63·5 mm. Base thickness less thickness of insulation
between the joists, less total reduction is
152 – 100 – 9 = 43 mm.

40
Example 8 – Pitched roof with insulation Example 9 – Pitched roof construction
between rafters formed with a composite panel
(Roof Type 2B) (Roof Type 2C)
Determine the thickness of insulation required Determine the thickness of insulation required
to achieve a U-value of 0·35 W/m2K for the roof to achieve a U-value of 0.45 W/m2K for the roof
construction below. construction below.

The chosen insulating material has a thermal The chosen insulating material has a thermal
conductivity of 0·03 W/mK. conductivity of 0·035 W/mK.
Using Table A.12 Using Table A.14
From column D, row 4 the base thickness of From column E, row 6 the base thickness of
the insulation layer is 103 mm. the insulation layer is 73 mm.
The base thickness may be reduced by taking The composite panel has a metal inner and
account of the other materials as follows – outer surface and therefore no reductions
From Table A.15 apply.
The minimum thickness of the insulating layer
19 mm roof tiles column D, row 13 = 1 to achieve a U-value of 0·45 W/m2K is
10 mm plasterboard column D, row 7 = 2 therefore 73 mm.
= 3 mm
The minimum thickness of the insulating layer
to achieve a U-value of 0·35 W/m2K is
therefore –
Base thickness less total reduction is
103 – 3 = 100 mm.

41
B.1 When calculating the SAP energy rating Example SAP energy ratings for different
the following considerations shall apply – dwelling types
(a) The data used in calculations of SAP Example 1 – Two bedroom mid-terrace
energy ratings shall be obtained from the tables house with electric storage heaters
in The Government’s Standard Assessment
Procedure for energy rating of dwellings; Element Description Area U-value
Wall Brick/cavity/dense block with 30·3 0·44
(b) The calculation shall be carried out in 70 mm blown fibre cavity insulation
accordance with the conventions supporting Roof Pitched roof, 100 mm insulation 27·3 0·25
The Government’s Standard Assessment between joists 50 mm on top
Procedure for energy rating of dwellings; Ground floor Suspended timber, 27·3 0·37
25 mm insulation
(c) For each dwelling the SAP energy rating Windows and Double glazed (6 mm gap), 11·7 3·3
shall be calculated using the data current at the doors wooden frame
date of the deposit of plans or the giving of a Heating Electric storage heaters
building notice in accordance with (efficiency 100%)
Regulation A10; SAP rating = 68

(d) Where the heating system is unknown at

completion of the dwelling, the SAP energy
rating notified to the District Council in
accordance with Regulation All shall be
calculated assuming a main system of electric
room heaters and a secondary system of
electric heaters, both systems using on-peak
electricity; and
(e) When undertaking SAP energy rating
calculations for designs not intended for a
specific site (e.g. type designs) the following
assumptions shall be made –
(i) two sides of the dwelling will be in
shade; and
(ii) the windows, doors and rooflights are all
on the east and west elevations.

42
Example 2 – Three bedroom semi-detached Example 3 – Four bedroom detached house
house with solid fuel boiler with oil fired boiler
Element Description Area U-value Element Description Area U-value
Wall Brick/cavity/dense block with 72·5 0·44 Wall Brick/partial cavity fill/ 116·5 0·45
70 mm blown fibre cavity dense block
insulation Roof Pitched roof, 100 mm insulation 50 0·25
Roof Pitched roof, 100 mm insulation 40 0·25 between joists 50 mm on top
between joists 50 mm on top Ground floor Suspended timber, 50 0·45
Ground floor Solid concrete 40 0·43 35 mm insulation
25 mm insulation Windows and Double glazed (6 mm gap), 24·9 3·3
Windows and Double glazed (6 mm gap), 18 3·3 doors PVC-U frame
doors PVC-U frame
Heating Central heating with oil boiler
Heating Central heating with solid fuel (efficiency 70%)
boiler (efficiency 60%) SAP rating = 90
SAP rating = 67

43
Example 4 – Three bedroom bungalow with
solid fuel boiler
Element Description Area U-value
Wall Brick/partial cavity fill/ 84·7 0·45
dense block
Roof Pitched roof, 100 mm insulation 120 0·25
between joists 50 mm on top
Ground floor Suspended timber, 120 0·41
35 mm insulation
Windows Double glazed (6 mm gap), 22·0 3·3
PVC-U frame
Doors Timber 3·8 3·0

Heating Central heating with solid fuel

boiler (efficiency 65%)
SAP rating = 68

44
General
C.1 A ground floor may have a U-value of
0·45 W/m2K, or 0·35 W/m2K, without insulation
if its area is sufficiently large. Diagram C.1
shows the range of floor dimensions for which
insulation is required.

C.2 Floor dimensions should be measured in

accordance with the convention described in
paragraph 1.4. In the case of semi-detached or
terraced dwellings, blocks of flats and similar,
the floor dimensions can either be taken as
those of the dwelling or of the whole building.
When considering extensions to existing
buildings the floor dimensions can be taken as
those of the complete building including the
extension.
C.3 Care should be taken to control the risk of
condensation caused by thermal bridging at
the floor edge. See BRE Report : Thermal
insulation : avoiding risks.

45
Determining the U-value of floors U-value of insulated floors
with no insulation C.6 The U-value of an insulated floor is
C.4 The U-value of an uninsulated floor may obtained from –
be determined from the ratio of its exposed 1
perimeter to its area, using the equation – Uins =
1 + Rins
Uo
Where –
where – Rins is the thermal resistance of the insulation,
Uo = U-value of uninsulated floor (W/m K)2 and Uo is obtained from Table C.1 or the
equation in paragraph C.4.
P = exposed perimeter of floor (m)
In the case of suspended floors Uins includes
A = area of floor (m2) the thermal resistance of the structural deck
The equation applies to all types of uninsulated and Rins should only include –
floors constructed next to the ground including (a) the resistance of added insulation layers;
slab-on-ground, concrete raft, suspended and/or
timber and beam-and-block.
(b) any extra resistance of the structural deck
Unheated spaces outside the insulated fabric, over and above 0·2 m2K/W.
such as attached garages or porches, shall be
excluded when determining P and A but the C.7 For further information on floor U-values
length of the wall between the heated building see BRE IP 3/90. BRE IP 7/93 shows how the
and the unheated space shall be included U-value of a floor is modified by edge insulation
when determining the perimeter. (including low-density foundations), and BRE IP
14/94 gives procedures for basements.
C.5 The data in Table C.1 has been derived
from the equation in paragraph C.4. For the
purposes of Part F it will be sufficient to use the
table using linear interpolation where
necessary.

46
D.1 This Appendix illustrates the use of the The resistance of the outside surface of the
proportional area method for calculating the wall is 0·06 m2K/W and the inside surface
U-value of an element which contains repeating resistance is 0·12 m2K/W.
thermal bridges. Full details of the calculation
Consider the wall as inner and outer parts with
method are given in the Chartered Institute of
the boundary between the parts at the centre of
Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) Design
the cavity.
Guide : Section A3 : 1996.

D.2 Where the element design does not Resistance of inner part
include a continuous cavity all the elements The thermal bridging of the insulation by the
layers have to be analysed together. Where the timber studs must be taken into account as
design incorporates a continuous cavity, the follows –
element should be divided into 2 parts along
the centre of the cavity and the parts analysed (a) the resistance of each section through the part is
separately. The resistances of the 2 parts calculated
should be determined with half of the cavity Resistance through section containing timber stud –
resistance assigned to each. The thermal Inside surface resistance = 0·12
Resistance of plasterboard = 0·013/0.16 = 0·08
resistances of each part are added together to Resistance of timber stud = 0·09/0·14 = 0·64
obtain the total resistance of the element. Resistance of sheathing ply = 0·009/0·14 = 0·06
Half cavity resistance = 0·09
D.3 Where the joists in timber roof and floor Resistance of section through timber stud – Rt = 0.99 m 2K/W
constructions project beyond the surface of the Resistance through section containing insulation –
insulation, the calculations should take the Inside surface resistance = 0·12
depths of the joists to be the same as the Resistance of plasterboard = 0·013/0.16 = 0·08
depth of insulation, hence ignoring the effect of Resistance of insulation = 0·09/0·04 = 2·25
Resistance of sheathing ply = 0·009/0·14 = 0·06
the projections. Joists which are wholly Half cavity resistance = 0·09
beneath insulation can also be ignored.
Resistance of section through insulation – Rins = 2.60 m 2K/W
Example 1 (b) the fractional area of each section is calculated as
Calculation for the U-value of the proposed wall follows–
construction shown below – Fractional area of timber stud –
thickness of studs 38
Ft = = = 0·063
stud centres 600
Fraction area of insulation: Fins = (1 – Ft) = 0·937
(c) the resistance of the inner part is then obtained
from –

47
Resistance of outer part Consider the wall as inner and outer parts with
the boundary between the parts at the centre of
The outer part is unbridged as the difference in the cavity.
resistance between brick and mortar is less
than 0·1 m2K/W. Resistance of inner part
Half cavity resistance = 0·09
Resistance of brick = 0·102/0·84 = 0·12 In this case there are two bridged layers and
Outside surface resistance = 0·06 the precise location of the bridge in one layer
Resistance of outer part – Router = 0.27 m2K/W with respect to the bridge in the other layer is
generally unknown (or is not readily
Total resistance of wall determined). There are four different
combinations of paths through the blockwork
The total resistance Rtotal of the wall is the sum and insulation and it is therefore assumed,
of the resistances of the inner and outer parts – because pitch centres do not coincide, that
2
Rinner + Router = 2·36 + 0·27 = 2·63 m K/W. heat flows through them in proportion to their
relative areas. The average resistance of the
U-value of wall part is determined as follows –
The U-value is given by – Resistance of non-bridged layers –
Resistance of half the cavity = 0·09
Resistance of plasterboard = 0·013/0·16 = 0·08
Resistance of inside surface = 0·12
Resistance of non-bridged layers – Rnb = 0.29 m2K/W

Resistance of bridged layers –

Example 2 Heat flow paths
If the proposed wall construction is as shown The 2 bridged layers create 4 paths –
below there are 2 thermally bridged layers –
block/insulation
(a) that of the blockwork, by the normal mortar block/timber
joints; and mortar/insulation
(b) that of the insulation, by the timber battens. mortar/timber
Material resistances
Resistance of block Rb = 0·125/0·11 = 1·14 m2K/W
Resistance of mortar Rm = 0·125/0·8 = 0·16 m2K/W
Resistance of insulation Rins = 0·03/0·04 = 0·75 m2K/W
Resistance of timber Rt = 0·03/0·14 = 0·21 m2K/W
Resistance of heat flow paths
Resistance of block/insulation –

48
Fraction of face area of materials

block – = 0·934

mortar – = 0·066

insulation – = 0·917

timber – = 0·083
Fraction of face area of heat flow paths
block/insulation – = 0·856
block/timber – = 0·078
mortar/insulation – = 0·061
mortar/timber – = 0·005
Sum of parallel resistances
The sum of resistances in parallel is given by
the formula –

The figures in this case are –

The resistance of the inner part is therefore –

Resistance of outer part

Resistance of outside surface = 0·06
Resistance of brick outer part
0·102/0·84 = 0·12
Resistance of half the cavity = 0·09
Resistance of outer part – Router = 0·27 m2K/W
Total resistance of the wall
The total resistance Rtotal of the wall is the sum
of the inner and outer part resistances –
2
Rinner + Router = 2·0 + 0·27 = 2·27 m K/W
U-value of the wall
The wall U-value is given by –

49
50
Example 1 Example 2
A proposed dwelling has a total floor area of A proposed single-storey assembly building has
80 m2. It has two half-single-glazed doors and plan dimensions of 16 m by 8 m. Its height to
double-glazed windows as described in Table the eaves is to be 4 m and the open-trussed
F.1. roof is to be double pitched at 30° with
insulation fixed between and over the rafters.
Windows, personnel doors and rooflights are to
be provided as indicated in Table F.2 below.

The average U-value for windows and doors is

given by the ratio –

The average U-value for windows and doors is

From Table F.1 above this is – given by the ratio –

The percentage of openings is –

The gross wall area of the proposed building is

It can be seen from Table 1.3 that the permitted 192 m2 and thus the percentage of windows
area of windows, doors and rooflights for a and personnel doors is –
U-value of 3·1 W/m2K is 21·5% of the floor
area if the dwelling has a SAP energy rating of
60 or less, or 24% if the SAP energy rating is
more than 60. The proposed design therefore The area of the roof in the plane of insulation
satisfies the requirements of Part F only if the is –
SAP energy rating is more than 60.

The rooflights are hence –

The proposed design meets the requirements

because Table 1.5 indicates that –
(a) the permitted area of windows and
personnel doors having an average U-value of
3·5 W/m2K is 37% of the wall area; and
(b) the permitted area of rooflights having a
U-value of 3·8 W/m2K is 17% of the roof area.

51
52
Examples illustrating the use of The Average U-value is higher than the Target
the Target U-value Method for U-value and modifications must be explored.
Possibilities include taking account of the
dwellings benefits of solar gains and improving the
thermal resistance of the windows, doors and
Example 1 – A detached dwelling
exposed walls. For illustration purposes each is
Consider the example in Diagram G.1 with the considered separately and then in combination.
exposed elements detailed in Table G.2. It is
proposed to adopt the Target U-value Method
with U-values for the walls and roof a little
higher (worse) than would otherwise be
required in the Elemental Method. The SAP
energy rating is to be more than 60. The cavity
walls are to be dry-lined and the windows and
doors are to have metal frames with thermal
breaks and sealed double-glazing with 12 mm
air gaps. The heating system has a seasonal
efficiency of 72%.

The Target
The Target U-value for dwellings with SAP
energy ratings of more than 60 is given by –

In this example the Target U-value is –

Taking account of solar gains

The total window area in the example is
The Average U-value 24·8 m2 of which 15·0 m2 faces south ±30° and
9·3m2 faces north ±30° (the remaining 0·5 m2
The Average U-value for the dwelling is given
faces east). In accordance with paragraph 1·20
by the ratio of the two values –
the area of windows and hence the total area
of windows used in the calculation of the
Average U-value can be reduced by –
40% of (15·0 – 9·3) = 2·28 m2
These values are calculated as shown in Table
G.2. The Average U-value is –

53
Improving the thermal resistance of the Options for achieving compliance
windows
The detached dwelling described in Diagram
Table 1.1 gives indicative figures for the G.1 and Table G.2 may achieve compliance by,
U-values of various types of windows and for example –
doors although manufacturers’ independently
certified data should be used in preference if (a) taking solar gains into account and
available. For the purposes of this example it is increasing the performance of the windows,
proposed to alter the window and door doors and walls; or
specifications to obtain U-values of 2·9 W/m2K (b) increasing the performance of one of the
and 3·0 W/m2K respectively. elements, such as the windows, and installing a
hot water central heating system incorporating
Improving the thermal resistance of the a condensing boiler.
walls
Appendix A can be used to develop wall
designs to achieve a range of U-values. For the
purposes of this example it is proposed to alter
the wall specification to obtain a U-value of
0·45 W/m2K.

Determination of the revised Average

U-value
The revised data is shown in Table G.3 with the
alterations highlighted.

For the revised proposals the Average U-value

is –

The Average U-value is now no greater than

the Target U-value and compliance has been
demonstrated.

Selecting a higher performance heating

system
Another option would be to consider using a
higher performance heating system.
In accordance with paragraph 1.21 a hot water
central heating system incorporating a
condensing boiler could be specified and the
Target U-value increased by 10%. The target
would therefore be increased from 0·67 W/m2K
to 0·74 W/m2K.

54
Example 2 – A semi-detached dwelling
Consider the example in Diagram G.2 with the
exposed elements detailed in Table G.4. It is
proposed to adopt the Target U-value Method
with the walls having a U-value of 0·55 W/m2K.
To compensate for this the windows and doors
are to have an Average U-value of 3·0 W/m2K.
The SAP energy rating is to be more than 60.
The party wall and the semi-exposed wall at
the garage (which has a U-value of 0·6 W/m2K)
are not included in the Average U-value or
Target U-value calculations.
The Average U-value
The Target
The Average U-value for the dwelling is given
The Target U-value for dwellings with SAP
energy ratings of more than 60 is given by – by the ratio of the two values –

In this example the Target U-value is – These values are calculated as shown in Table
G.4. For this example the Average U-value is –

The Average U-value is now no greater than

the Target U-value and compliance has been
demonstrated.

55
Example – Calculation procedure for
showing the fabric insulation meets the
requirements
Consider the example in Diagram H.1 which
has details as given in Table H.1. It is a
detached, 4 storey office building having
internal dimensions of 45 m × 13 m in plan
and a height of 15 m. It is to be constructed
with 55% glazing, using windows which have
metal frames with thermal breaks containing
sealed double-glazed units with 12 mm air
gaps and a low-emissivity coating. No rooflight
glazing is proposed. The remaining exposed
walls and the roof are to have U-values of 0·6
W/m2K and 0·45 W/m2K respectively, with the Notional building
ground floor being uninsulated. The area of openings in the proposed building
is more than the basic allowance in Table 1.4.
So the basic area allowance of 40% of
exposed wall area and 20% of roof area should
be assumed for the notional building.
The exposed perimeter of the ground floor of
the proposed building is 116 m and its area is
585 m2. So the ratio P/A is 0·2 and Table C.1
gives the U-value of the ground floor as 0·36
W/m2K. This is less than the standard U-value
in Table 1.4 so 0·36 W/m2K must be the value
used in the notional building calculation. The
data for the notional building is given in Table
H.2.

The total rate of heat loss from the proposed

building is less than that from the notional
building and compliance has been
demonstrated.

56
I.1 As an alternative to the examples given in The minimum thermal resistance path in this
Diagram 1.4, this Appendix gives a procedure case is from the internal surface at A to the
for establishing whether the degree of thermal external surface at B.
bridging at the edges of openings is R m i n is equal to the total length from inside to
acceptable. outside (AB) divided by the thermal conductivity
The procedure involves the assessment of the of the material of the jamb. An example
minimum thermal resistance between inside calculation is given on the following page.
and outside surfaces at the edges of openings.
This requires identification of minimum thermal Additional calculation for thin layers such as
resistance paths, and calculation of their metal lintels
thermal resistance, taking into account the I.3 For edge designs containing layers of
effect of thin layers such as metal lintels. thickness not exceeding 4 mm (such as metal
These minimum thermal resistances are then lintels), a second modified calculation of
compared with satisfactory performance criteria minimum thermal resistance Rmod is made. In
to see whether corrective action is necessary. this, the thermal conductivity of the thin layer
shall be taken to be the higher or highest of the
Minimum thermal resistance path thermal conductivities of the materials
immediately on either side of it but in no case
I.2 The minimum thermal resistance path shall it be taken as less than 0·1 W/m2K. An
through a thermal bridge is that path from the example of this more complex calculation is
internal surface to external surface which has given in BRE IP 12/94 Assessing condensation
the smallest thermal resistance, Rmin. Diagram risk and heat loss at thermal bridges around
I.1 illustrates this for a section through a openings.
window jamb.
Avoiding excessive thermal bridging effects
I.4 Excessive thermal bridging effects at the
edges of openings can be avoided if —
(a) for edges containing thin layers of thickness
not exceeding 4 mm —
Rmin (rounded to 2 decimal places) is at
least 0·10 m2K/W; and
R m o d (rounded to 2 decimal places) is at
least 0·45 m2K/W; or
(b) for other edge designs —
Rmin (rounded to 2 decimal places) is at
least 0·20 m2K/W;

57
Additional heat loss
I.5 For the purposes of Part F the heat losses
at the edges of openings are acceptable if —
(a) for edges containing thin layers of thickness
not exceeding 4mm —
R mod (rounded to 2 decimal places) is at
least 0·45 m2K/W; or
(b) for other edge designs —
Rmin (rounded to 2 decimal places) is at
least 0·45 m2K/W.

Compensation for additional heat loss

I.6 Where the heat losses around the edges of
openings are not acceptable they can be taken
into account in calculations as follows —
(a) for dwellings the Target U-value Method
may be used with the average U-value
increased by the following amount —
0.3 x total length of relevant opening surrounds
= (W/m2K)
total area of exposed elements

(b) for buildings other than dwellings the

Calculation Method may be used with the rate
of heat loss from the proposed building
increased by the following amount —
0.3 x total length of relevant opening surrounds = (W)

I.7 Compensating measures, such as reducing

the U-value of one of the elements of the
construction, should then be made so that —
(a) for dwellings, the average U-value does not
exceed the Target U-value; or
Calculation of Rmin
(b) for buildings other than dwellings the total
rate of heat loss from the proposed building Using the thermal conductivities from Table I.1,
does not exceed that of the notional building. Table I.2 gives the resistance R for each
segment of the path ABC, R for each segment
Example is obtained by dividing the length of the path
segment in metres by its thermal conductivity in
Diagram I.2 shows a window jamb in a W/mK. Rmin is the sum of the resistances of
masonry cavity wall with the blockwork each path segment.
returned towards the outer leaf at the reveal.
By inspection it can be seen that ABC is the
minimum resistance path.

58
As Rmin is greater than 0·20 m2K/W there are
no excessive thermal bridging effects. However,
R m i n is less than 0·45 m2K/W and therefore the
heat loss at this edge is not acceptable.

Improving the edge design

To reduce heat loss, instead of returning the
blockwork at the reveal, the cavity could be
closed using an insulated cavity closer, as in
Diagram I.3. The revised calculation of the
minimum resistance is shown in Table I.3.
R min is now greater than 0·45 m2K/W and
therefore the heat loss is acceptable.

59
Example 1 – Calculation to show that 95%
of the artificial lighting capacity is given by
high efficacy lamps
A hall and changing rooms are to be erected.
The proposed lighting scheme incorporates
lamps that are listed in Table 2.1 except for
some low voltage tungsten halogen
downlighters which are to be installed in the
entrance area with local controls. A check
therefore has to be made to show that the low
voltage tungsten halogen lamps comprise less
than 5% of the installed circuit capacity.

Main Hall
Twenty wall mounted uplighters with 250 W
high pressure sodium lamps are to provide The total circuit wattage of high efficacy lamps
general lighting needs. The uplighters are to be is —
mounted 7 m above the floor. On plan, the 5720 + 460 + 1024 = 7204W
furthest light is 20·5 m from its switch which is
less than 3 times the height of the light above The percentage of circuit watts is —
the floor.
It is also proposed to provide twenty 18 W
compact fluorescent lights as an additional More than 95% of the installed lighting
system enabling instant background lighting capacity, in circuit Watts, is from high efficacy
whenever needed. lamps and compliance has been demonstrated.
Changing rooms, corridors and entrance
Ten 58 W, high frequency fluorescent light
fittings are to be provided in the changing
rooms and controlled by occupancy detectors.
Six more 58 W fluorescent light fittings are to
be located in the corridors and the entrance
areas and switched locally. Additionally, in the
entrance area there are to be six 50 W
tungsten halogen downlighters.

60
Example 2 – Calculation to show that the
average circuit efficacy is not less than 50
lumens/Watt
A restaurant is to have a lighting installation
comprising a mixture of concealed perimeter
lighting using high frequency fluorescent fittings
and individual tungsten lamps over tables.
Lights in the dining area are to be switched
locally from behind the bar. The over-table
lamps also have integral switches for diners’
use. Lighting to kitchens and toilets is to be
switched locally.
Table J.2 shows data for the proposed lighting
installation together with a calculation of the
overall average circuit efficacy.
From Table J.2 the total lumen output of the
installation is 131800 lumens and the total
circuit Watts of the installation is 2538 Watts.
The average circuit efficacy is –

As the average circuit effiicacy is not less than

50 lumens/Watt compliance has been
demonstrated.

61
Department of Finance
and Personnel

Amendments Booklet - AMD 2 December 2000 Page 1 of 5

Introduction (5) Page 19. Paragraphs headed A4 Naturally

occurring contamination -
This document has been prepared by the Delete the existing paragraphs and substitute -
Department of Finance and Personnel and
“Where a dwelling is in an area exposed to a
contains additions and revisions to Technical
greater than 1% probability of a radon
Booklets C, D, E, F, G, G1, K, L, N and P
concentration exceeding 200 becquerels per
Technical Booklets D, E, G, L and N are also
amended by Amendments Booklet - AMD 1: cubic metre that dwelling must incorporate
protective measures [Regulation C2(2)].
December 1998.
Guidance on such measures is given in the
New Technical Booklets H, R and V: following publications’-.
December 2000 replace the previous editions.
(i) DOE(NI) The householder’s guide to
Radon; and
(ii) BRE Report BR 413: Radon:
Amendments to Technical Booklet C: 1994 guidance on protective measures for
new dwellings in Northern Ireland.
(1) Front cover - BRE also publish guidance on surveying
Delete the title and substitute “Preparation of existing dwellings and on remedial measures.“.
site and resistance to moisture”.
(6) Page 23. Publication BRE: Radon -
(2) Page 1. First paragraph - Delete the item and substitute -
Delete “1994” and substitute “2000”. “BRE Report BR 413: Radon: guidance on
protective measures for new dwellings in
(3) Page 1. Paragraph headed EC marked Northern Ireland”.
construction products -
Delete the heading and existing paragraph
and substitute - Amendments to Technical Booklet D: 1994
“CE marked construction products (as amended)
Any construction product (within the meaning
of the Construction Products Directive) which (1) Page 1. First paragraph -
bears a CE marking shall be treated as if it
satisfied the requirements of any appropriate Delete “1994” and substitute “2000”.
British Board of Agrément Certificate, British
Standard or British Standard Code of Practice (2) Page 7. Under the heading Other
relating to such a product, where the CE regulations -
marking relates to the same characteristic or
specific purpose as the Certificate, Standard Delete “Dl and D3.” and substitute “Dl
or Code of Practice.“. and D2.“.

(4) Page 8. Paragraph 2.1 - (3) Page 7. Under the heading CE marked
construction products -
In line 10 delete “C7” and substitute “C5”
In lines 3 and 7 delete “Mark” and substitute
“marking”.
 Page 2 of 5

Amendments to Technical Booklet D: 1994

(continued)

(4) Page 3. Definition Compartment wall - Any construction product (within the meaning
Delete “E6(3)” and substitute “E43)“. of the Construction Products Directive) which
bears a CE marking shall be treated as if it
satisfied the requirements of any appropriate
(5) Page 3. Definition Separating wall - British Board of Agrément Certificate, British
Delete “E6(2)” and substitute “E4(2)“. Standard or British Standard Code of Practice
relating to such a product, where the CE
marking relates to the same characteristic or
(6) Page 54. Paragraph 6.1- specific purpose as the Certificate, Standard
Delete “Regulation D5” and substitute “the or Code of Practice.“.
publications specified in Table D to Part D in
Schedule 5 opposite the reference to (4) Page 6. Paragraph 0.9 -
Regulation D2.“.
Delete “BS 5588: Part 8: 1988” and substitute
“BS 5588-8: 1999”.
(7) Page 54. Paragraph 6.2(a) -
In line 3 delete “Regulation D5.” and (5) Page 10. Paragraph 1.17 -
substitute “Table D to Part D in Schedule 5
opposite the reference to Regulation D2.“. Delete the existing paragraph and substitute -
“1.17 A dwellinghouse shall be provided with -
(8) Page 54. Paragraph 6.3 -
(a) a self-contained smoke alarm or alarms
Delete the existing paragraph and substitute - complying with BS 5446-1: 2000 installed in
accordance with paragraphs 1.18 to 1.23;
“The design of key elements and protected
members shall comply with the provisions and (b) an automatic fire detection and alarm
relevant recommendations of the publications system complying with BS 5839: Part 6: 1995
specified in Table D to Part D in Schedule 5 of at least Grade D Type LD3 standard; or
opposite the reference to Regulation D2.“.
(c) an automatic fire detection and alarm
system complying with BS 5839: Part 1: 1988
of at least L3 standard.
Amendments to Technical Booklet E: 1994 However, in a very large dwellinghouse (where
(as amended) the shortest route from any point in one room
to the furthest point in any other room on the
same storey is more than 30 m) self-contained
(1) Page 7. First paragraph - smoke alarms are not adequate and an
Delete “1994” and substitute “2000”. automatic fire detection and alarm system
complying with either -
(2) Page 7. Under the heading Other (i) BS 5839: Part 6: 1995 of at least Grade B
regulations - Type LD3 standard; or
Delete “E2, E4, E6, E8 and E10.” and (ii) BS 5839: Part 1: 1988 of at least L3
substitute “E2, E3, E4, E5 and E6.“. standard,
shall be provided.“.
(3) Page 1. Paragraph headed EC marked
construction products - (6) Page 11. Paragraph 1.18 -
Delete the heading and existing paragraph
and substitute - After the last paragraph insert -
“CE marked construction products “The back-up power source to each self-
contained smoke alarm shall be provided by
either -
 Page 3 of 5

Amendments to Technical Booklet E: 1994

(continued)

(a) a primary or secondary battery; or “BS 5446: Fire detection and fire alarm
devices for dwellings
(b) a capacitor.“.
Part 1: 2000 Specification for smoke
alarms”.
(7) Page 11. Paragraph 1.19 -
Delete the first paragraph and substitute -
(14) Page 96. Publication BS 5588 -
“1.19 Self-contained smoke alarms shall be In Part 8 delete “1988” and substitute “1999”.
permanently wired to either -
(a) a regularly used lighting circuit; or (15) Page 96. Publication BS 5839 -
(b) a circuit which - After the last line insert -
(i) is separately fused at the distribution “AMD 9257 August 1996
board;
(ii) serves only self-contained smoke Part 6: 1995 Code of practice for the
alarms; and design and installation of fire detection
and alarm systems in dwellings
(iii) where a residual current device is AMD 9135 April 1996”.
used - is not connected to a residual
current device which is also used by
any other circuit.“. (16) Page 96 -
After the publication “Fire Services (Northern
(8) Page 14. Table 1.1 - Ireland) Order” insert -
In note (3) delete “in regulation E3 (i)” and “Northern Ireland Firecode as amended
substitute “in Table E to Part E in Schedule November 1999”.
5”.

(9) Page 30. Paragraph 1.73 -

Amendments to Technical Booklet F: 1998
In the first paragraph delete “BS 5588: Part 8:
1988” and substitute “BS 5588-8: 1999”.
(1) Page 1. First paragraph -
(10) Page 41. Table 3.2 - Delete “1994” and substitute “2000”.

In note ## delete “NHS Firecode” and

substitute ‘“Northern Ireland Firecode”. (2) Page 1. Under the heading Other
regulations -
Delete “F2, F4 and F6.” and substitute “F2, F3
(11) Page 44. Paragraph 3.12 - and F4.“.
In sub-paragraph (c) delete “[see regulation
E3(c) and (d)]“. (3) Page 1. Under the heading CE marked
construction products -
(12) Page 93. Definition Self-contained In lines 3 and 7 delete “Mark” and substitute
smoke alarm - “marking”.
In line 2 delete “or without”.

(13) Page 96. Publication BS 5446 -

Delete the item and substitute -
 Page 4 of 5

Amendments to Technical Booklet G: 1990 (2) Page 1. Under the heading Other
(as amended) regulations -
Delete “K2 and K4.” and substitute “K2 and
(1) Page 1. First paragraph - K3.“.
Delete “1994” and substitute “2000”.
(3) Page 1. Under the heading CE marked
(2) Page 1. Under the heading CE marked construction products -
construction products - In lines 3 and 7 delete “Mark” and substitute
In lines 3 and 7 delete “Mark” and substitute “marking”.
“marking”.

Amendments to Technical Booklet L: 1991

Amendments to Technical Booklet G1: 1994 (as amended)

(1) Page 1. First paragraph - (1) Page 1. First paragraph -

Delete “1994” and substitute “2000”. Delete “1994” and substitute “2000”.

(2) Page 1. Under the heading Other (2) Page 1. Under the heading CE marked
regulations - construction products -
Delete “G4.” and substitute “G3.“. In lines 3 and 7 delete “Mark” and substitute
“marking”.
(3) Page 1. Paragraph headed EC marked
construction products -
Delete the heading and existing paragraph Amendments to Technical Booklet N: 1990
and substitute - (as amended)
“CE marked construction products
(1) Page 1. First paragraph -
Any construction product (within the meaning
of the Construction Products Directive) which Delete “1994” and substitute “2000”.
bears a CE marking shall be treated as if it
satisfied the requirements of any appropriate (2) Page 1. Under the heading Other
British Board of Agrément Certificate, British regulations -
Standard or British Standard Code of Practice
relating to such a product, where the CE Delete “N3, N5 and N7.” and substitute “N3,
marking relates to the same characteristic or N4 and N5.“.
specific purpose as the Certificate, Standard
or Code of Practice.“. (3) Page 1. Under the heading CE marked
construction products -
(4) Page 3. Paragraph 0.2 - In lines 3 and 7 delete “Mark” and substitute
In line 2 delete “G4” and substitute “G3”. “marking”.

Amendments to Technical Booklet K: 1994 Amendments to Technical Booklet P: 1994

(1) Page 1. First paragraph - (1) Page 1: First Paragraph -

Delete “1994” and substitute “2000”. Delete “1994” and substitute “2000”.
 Page 5 of 5

Amendments to Technical Booklet P: 1994

(continued)

(2) Page 1. Paragraph headed EC marked

construction products -
Delete the heading and existing paragraph
and substitute -
“CE marked construction products
Any construction product [within the meaning
of the Construction Products Directive) which
bears a CE marking shall be treated as if it
satisfied the requirements of any appropriate
British Board of Agrément Certificate, British
Standard or British Standard Code of Practice
relating to such a product, where the CE
marking relates to the same characteristic or
specific purpose as the Certificate, Standard
or Code of Practice.“.

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The Parliamentary Bookshop
12 Bridge Street. Parliament Square,
London SW IA 2JX
Telephone orders 020 7119 3890
General enquiries 020 7219 3890
Fax orders 020 7219 3866
Accredited Agents
(see Yellow Pages)