TEST 17

I. Choose the words that best complete the sentences in the text.
Public opinion polls show that crime is .....................(1) as one of the most serious problems of
many societies. Yet, .....................(2) studies have revealed that the .....................(3) of violent crime
is .....................(4). Our peculiar awareness and fear is largely brought about by the great attention it
is .....................(5) in the mass media and also because of violent crime being a popular theme for
television series and films. Among all crimes, murder makes the .....................(6) and there is little doubt
that homicides still continue to be a .....................(7) question in a number of countries.
The various causes of severe crime are being constantly .....................(8) and innumerable
reasons for it are being pointed out. Among these are unemployment, drug .....................(9), inadequate
police enforcement, ineffective courts, racial discrimination, television and the general .....................(10)
in social values.
An acknowledged fact is that it is mainly poverty that .....................(11) crime. Individuals
incapable of .....................(12) for themselves and their families therudimentary means of living
unavoidably take .....................(13) stealing, burgling or .....................(14) other offences. We may try to
explain crime on different .....................(15)- cultural, economic, psychological or political, but
criminologists are still far from detecting the exact source of violent offences as the direct link
between these particular factors isn't possible to specify.
1. A. viewed B. believed C. alleged D. thought
2. A. pervading B. infiltrating C. examining D. penetrating
3. A. quantity B. d eal C. amount D. figure
4. A. outspoken B. overestimated C. presupposed D. upgraded
5. A. granted B. awarded C. devoted D. entrusted
6. A. headlines B. titles C. captions D. broadcast
7. A. burdening B. obstructing C. nagging D. contending
8. A. debated B. conversed C. uttered D. articulated
9. A. escalation B. abuse C. maltreatment D. disuse
10. A. flop B. impediment C. shortfall D. decline
11. A. rears B. nurtures C. breeds D. urges
12. A. insuring B. affording C. securing D. accommodating
13. A. on B. to C. for D. with
14. A. committing B. performing C. fulfilling D. conducting
15. A. motives B. arguments C. reasons D. grounds

LET’S CHECK!

Public opinion polls show that crime is .....................(1) as one of the most serious problems of
many societies. Yet, .....................(2) studies have revealed that the .....................(3) of violent crime
is .....................(4). Our peculiar awareness and fear is largely brought about by the great attention it
is .....................(5) in the mass media and also because of violent crime being a popular theme for
television series and films. Among all crimes, murder makes the .....................(6) and there is little doubt
that homicides still continue to be a .....................(7) question in a number of countries.

1. A. viewed B. believed C. alleged D. thought

2. A. pervading B. infiltrating C. examining D. penetrating
3. A. quantity B. deal C. amount D. figure
4. A. outspoken B. overestimated C. presupposed D. upgraded
5. A. granted B. awarded C. devoted D. entrusted
6. A. headlines B. titles C. captions D. broadcast
7. A. burdening B. obstructing C. nagging D. contending

The various causes of severe crime are being constantly .....................(8) and innumerable
reasons for it are being pointed out. Among these are unemployment, drug .....................(9), inadequate
police enforcement, ineffective courts, racial discrimination, television and the general .....................(10)
in social values.
8. A. debated B. conversed C. uttered D. articulated
9. A. escalation B. abuse C. maltreatment D. disuse
10. A. flop B. impediment C. shortfall D. decline

An acknowledged fact is that it is mainly poverty that .....................(11) crime. Individuals

incapable of .....................(12) for themselves and their families therudimentary means of living
unavoidably take .....................(13) stealing, burgling or .....................(14) other offences. We may try to
explain crime on different .....................(15)- cultural, economic, psychological or political, but
criminologists are still far from detecting the exact source of violent offences as the direct link
between these particular factors isn't possible to specify.
11. A. rears B. nurtures C. breeds D. urges
12. A. insuring B. affording C. securing D. accommodating
13. A. on B. to C. for D. with
14. A. committing B. performing C. fulfilling D. conducting
15. A. motives B. arguments C. reasons D. grounds

II. Put the words in the correct form.

1. The .....................(BREAK) of an epidemic will be unavoidable unless measures are taken to prevent
the rural population from drinking the contaminated water.
2. We won't be able to buy anything if we don't have any .....................(CONVERT) currency on US.
3. The prize he has won is simply .....................(IMAGINE). I can't think what he's going to do with such a
lot of money.
4. Danny is just an .....................(ACQUAINT) of my father. We don't know him very well.
5. This destructive criticism has .....................(MINE) Paul's confidence. It's improbable that he'll ever put
forward his candidacy again.
6. Most of the workers were in .....................(CONFUSE) as to whether to join in the strike or carry on
with their normal duties.
7. It was funny how Eddie didn't really know how to hide his .....................(EMBARRASS) at having to
give Muriel another kiss.
8. Our approach towards the proposal is rather .....................(CAUTION) because of several failures that
we have experienced lately.
9. It's astonishing he didn't tell US he was going to leave. His sudden .....................(APPEAR) is even more
surprising when you consider he had a very important appointment last evening.
10. Due to a huge pile-up, the motorway will remain .....................(PASS) until tomorrow.
11. They seem to be quite .....................(CONCERN) and calm even though they have neither a map nor a
compass.
12. .....................(STRICT) speaking, your response is more than disappointing.
13. Look at the sign! 'No .....................(VACANT) again. This is the fifth hotel we have gone to in vain this
evening.
14. Living on the .....................(SKIRT) of a big city may have its good points. Consider at least cleaner air
and lesser traffic.
15. They do need a new apartment. The conditions they are living in now are simply .....................
(REGRET). Just imagine mice scampering on the floor.
LET’S CHECK!

1. The .....................(BREAK) of an epidemic will be unavoidable unless measures are taken to prevent
the rural population from drinking the contaminated water.
ANSWER: outbreak (n)
2. We won't be able to buy anything if we don't have any .....................(CONVERT) currency on US.
ANSWER: convertible
3. The prize he has won is simply .....................(IMAGINE). I can't think what he's going to do with such a
lot of money.
ANSWER: unimaginable
4. Danny is just an .....................(ACQUAINT) of my father. We don't know him very well.
ANSWER: acquaintance
5. This destructive criticism has .....................(MINE) Paul's confidence. It's improbable that he'll ever put
forward his candidacy again.
ANSWER: undermined
6. Most of the workers were in .....................(CONFUSE) as to whether to join in the strike or carry on
with their normal duties.
ANSWER: confusion
7. It was funny how Eddie didn't really know how to hide his .....................(EMBARRASS) at having to
give Muriel another kiss.
ANSWER: embarrassment
8.Our approach towards the proposal is rather .....................(CAUTION) because of several failures that
we have experienced lately.
ANSWER: cautious
9. It's astonishing he didn't tell US he was going to leave. His sudden .....................(APPEAR) is even more
surprising when you consider he had a very important appointment last evening.
ANSWER: disappearance
10. Due to a huge pile-up, the motorway will remain .....................(PASS) until tomorrow.
ANSWER: impassable
11. They seem to be quite .....................(CONCERN) and calm even though they have neither a map nor a
compass.
ANSWER: unconcerned
12. .....................(STRICT) speaking, your response is more than disappointing.
ANSWER: Strictly

13. Look at the sign! 'No .....................(VACANT) again. This is the fifth hotel we have gone to in vain this
evening.
ANSWER: vacancies

14. Living on the .....................(SKIRT) of a big city may have its good points. Consider at least cleaner air
and lesser traffic.
ANSWER: outskirts

15. They do need a new apartment. The conditions they are living in now are simply .....................
(REGRET). Just imagine mice scampering on the floor.
ANSWER: regretable
III. Add the suitable verbs to make the correct phrasal verbs.
break brighten come fill give
hinge lay look part pick
play set settle show step

1. He claims his role in the plot wasn't important, but I suppose he's trying to ....................... it down
intentionally.
2. How about…….in more coal just in case this winter should last longer?
3. You needn’t ....................... off all the time, Mark. We all know you are a shrewd figure.
4. It took a short while until Muriel ....................... round after she had fainted in the stuffy
corridor.
5. Your constant ....................... on me is most unfair. Why should I always be the only one to blame?
6. It was the bitter row that he had with the boss that made Mr Tanner....................... down from his
secretarial post and change his place of work.
7. The Paris branch of the ABC Company was ....................... up when it became clear that the French
market for the celluloid merchandise could bring enormous profits.
8. We'll try to ....................... the door down if we can't open it without using force.
9. Jenny loves the cat very much. She will never agree to ....................... with it when we move out of the
house.
10. Why think about the past and recall bad events only? ....................... ahead into the future with more
optimism and your gloomy mood will be gone.
11. The success of our action ....................... upon Mike's ability to break the code. If he doesn't manage
to do it this time, we'll lose the last hope.
12. The waiter asked his customers to ....................... their bill down at the counter after they had
finished their lunch.
13. Before you go and join the others in the computer room, you must first ....................... in the
membership form and make a payment.
14. When I saw her in the hall she looked so depressed. She only ....................... up when I had told her
the comforting news.
15. It didn’t pose a big problem to me to find out she was an Italian. It was her peculiar accent
that....................... her away.

LET’S CHECK!

1. He claims his role in the plot wasn't important, but I suppose he's trying to ....................... it down
intentionally.
ANSWER: play

2. How about……in more coal just in case this winter should last longer?
ANSWER: laying

3.You needn’t ....................... off all the time, Mark. We all know you are a shrewd figure.
ANSWER: show

4. It took a short while until Muriel ....................... round after she had fainted in the stuffy
corridor.
 ANSWER: came

5. Your constant ....................... on me is most unfair. Why should I always be the only one to blame?
ANSWER: picking

6. It was the bitter row that he had with the boss that made Mr Tanner....................... down from his
secretarial post and change his place of work.
ANSWER: step

7. The Paris branch of the ABC Company was ....................... up when it became clear that the French
market for the celluloid merchandise could bring enormous profits.
ANSWER: set

8. We'll try to ....................... the door down if we can't open it without using force.
ANSWER: breaking

9. Jenny loves the cat very much. She will never agree to ....................... with it when we move out of the
house.
ANSWER: part

10. Why think about the past and recall bad events only? ....................... ahead into the future with more
optimism and your gloomy mood will be gone.
ANSWER: look

11. The success of our action ....................... upon Mike's ability to break the code. If he doesn't manage
to do it this time, we'll lose the last hope.
ANSWER: hinges

12. The waiter asked his customers to ....................... their bill down at the counter after they had
finished their lunch.
ANSWER: settle
13. Before you go and join the others in the computer room, you must first ....................... in the
membership form and make a payment.
ANSWER: fill

14. When I saw her in the hall she looked so depressed. She only ....................... up when I had told her
the comforting news.
ANSWER: brightened

15. It didn’t pose a big problem to me to find out she was an Italian. It was her peculiar accent
that....................... her away.
ANSWER: gave
IV. Rewrite the sentences using the given forms so that they retain their original meaning.
1.You'll certainly encounter a lot of difficulties if you opt for a lone expedition(bound)
…………………………………………………………………………
2. It is feared this mammal species will be extinct by the year of 2020.
This mammal species is ………………………………………………
3. Albert is a poor card-player.
……………………………………………… well.
4. David really confides in Mr Palmer's greater experience (confident)
…………………………………………………………………………
5. We aren't willing to support the strike; we don't approve of it.
Far from………………………………………………
6. Sue has benefited from the sunny weather by getting nicely suntanned (advantage)
…………………………………………………………………………
7. Susan did everything she could to make US both reconcile (utmost)
…………………………………………………………………………
8. We aren't responsible for the assembly line in Bristol any longer.
No longer…………………………………………………………………………control.
9. These dangerous lizards live only in the tropical regions, ..................... (peculiar)
…………………………………………………………………………
10. Malcolm had to stay in prison until the trial came to a definite end.
Only after …………………………………………………………………………

LET’S CHECK!
1.You'll certainly encounter a lot of difficulties if you opt for a lone expedition(bound)
ANSWER: You are bound to encounter a lot of difficulties if you opt for alone expedition

2. It is feared this mammal species will be extinct by the year of 2020.

ANSWER: This mammal species is feared to be extinct by the year of 2020

3. Albert is a poor card-player.

ANSWER: Albert cannot/does not play cards well.

4. David really confides in Mr Palmer's greater experience (confident)

ANSWER: David is really confident of Mr Palmer’s greater exprience

5. We aren't willing to support the strike; we don't approve of it.

ANSWER: Far from being willing to support the strike, we don’t approve of it

6. Sue has benefited from the sunny weather by getting nicely suntanned (advantage)
ANSWER: Sue has taken advantage of the sunny weather by getting nicely suntanned
7. Susan did everything she could to make us both reconcile (utmost)
ANSWER: Susan did her utmost to make us both reconcile

8. We aren't responsible for the assembly line in Bristol any longer.

ANSWER: No longer is the assembly line in Bristol under our control.

9. These dangerous lizards live only in the tropical regions (peculiar)

ANSWER: These dangerous lizards are peculiar to the tropical regions

10. Malcolm had to stay in prison until the trial came to a definite end.
Only after the trial has come to a definite end was Malcolm allowed to leave the prison

V. Choose the correct answer.

1. Ann's encouraging words gave me ....................... to undertake the demanding task once again.
A. a point B. an incentive C. a resolution D. a target
2. You should at least ........... an effort to find the boy's address if you don't want to lose your last hope.
A. do B. work C. put D. make
3. We are going to build a fence around the field with ........... to breeding sheep and cattle.
A. a goal B. an outlook C. a reason D. a view
4. Once ........... a time there was a king so selfish and mean that no princess would agree to become his
wife.
A. of B. at C. upon D. within
5. The open-air party had to be ........... because of a heavy rainfall.
A. postponed B. detained C. refused D. extinguished
6. You may feel sure the casting will be done perfectly, just ....... your trust in me and you will see I'm
right.
A. lay B. forward C. grant D. allow
7. It's too hard to determine whether the disease has already begun to ...........or not.
A. enlarge B. circulate C. spread D. transmit
8. By next year, my son will have ........... his education at Cambridge University.
A. realized B. completed C. graduated D. terminated
9. The van driver said he couldn't ...................... US a lift home as there were no free seats in his vehicle.
A. make B. give C. drive D. take
10. If it hadn't been for the hint that the professor ........... nobody would have found out the correct
answer.
A. dropped B. cast C. threw D. flung
11. Why don't they ........... their attention on scrutinizing the evidence instead of questionning the
passers-by?
A. attract B. devote C. focus D. draw
12. The Wilsons have found it terribly hard to make ........... meet ever since they both lost their
jobs.
A. ends B. strings C. coins D. limits
13. At first, Mark thought it would be great to build his own ranch, but he was forced to .......................
the idea when the bank refused to give him a loan.
A. depart B. leave C. cease D. abandon
14. Don’t ........... to phone Mrs Whitman, I've already talked to her.
A. concern B. bother C. mind D. worry
15. The neighbours said they hadn't got a ........... who could have broken into our garage.
A. clue B. view C. point D. hint
16. Just change your approach towards the assignment. The way you are dealing with it now will
certainly ........... you nowhere.
A. pass B. put C. get D. reach
17. The ........... boards in the staircase would always wake us up whenever somebody climbed up at
night.
A. screeching B. cracking C. roaring D. creaking
18. We have to ........... the hard times hoping that things will change for the better in the future.
A. maintain B. endure C. persist D. outlive
19. His parents have always wanted Phillip to set a good ........... to his younger brothers both at school
and at home.
A. form B. model C. pattern D. guidance
20. The international conference of the Cardiological Association has been ...........in Cairo to discuss the
revolutionary discovery of doctor Gonzales from Mexico.
A. deployed B. collected C. mobilized D. summoned

LET’S CHECK!
1. Ann's encouraging words gave me ....................... to undertake the demanding task once again.
A. a point B. an incentive C. a resolution D. a target
2. You should at least ........... an effort to find the boy's address if you don't want to lose your last hope.
A. do B. work C. put D. make
3. We are going to build a fence around the field with ........... to breeding sheep and cattle.
A. a goal B. an outlook C. a reason D. a view
4. Once ........... a time there was a king so selfish and mean that no princess would agree to become his
wife.
A. of B. at C. upon D. within
5. The open-air party had to be ........... because of a heavy rainfall.
A. postponed B. detained C. refused D. extinguished
6. You may feel sure the casting will be done perfectly, just ....... your trust in me and you will see I'm
right.
A. lay B. forward C. grant D. allow
7. It's too hard to determine whether the disease has already begun to ...........or not.
A. enlarge B. circulate C. spread D. transmit
8. By next year, my son will have ........... his education at Cambridge University.
A. realized B. completed C. graduated D. terminated
9. The van driver said he couldn't ...................... US a lift home as there were no free seats in his vehicle.
A. make B. give C. drive D. take
10. If it hadn't been for the hint that the professor ........... nobody would have found out the correct
answer.
A. dropped B. cast C. threw D. flung
11. Why don't they ........... their attention on scrutinizing the evidence instead of questionning the
passers-by?
 A. attract B. devote C. focus D. draw
12. The Wilsons have found it terribly hard to make ........... meet ever since they both lost their
jobs.
A. ends B. strings C. coins D. limits
13. At first, Mark thought it would be great to build his own ranch, but he was forced to .......................
the idea when the bank refused to give him a loan.
A. depart B. leave C. cease D. abandon
14. Don’t ........... to phone Mrs Whitman, I've already talked to her.
A. concern B. bother C. mind D. worry
15. The neighbours said they hadn't got a ........... who could have broken into our garage.
A. clue B. view C. point D. hint
16. Just change your approach towards the assignment. The way you are dealing with it now will
certainly ........... you nowhere.
A. pass B. put C. get D. reach
17. The ........... boards in the staircase would always wake us up whenever somebody climbed up at
night.
A. screeching B. cracking C. roaring D. creaking
18. We have to ........... the hard times hoping that things will change for the better in the future.
A. maintain B. endure C. persist D. outlive
19. His parents have always wanted Phillip to set a good ........... to his younger brothers both at school
and at home.
A. form B. model C. pattern D. guidance
20. The international conference of the Cardiological Association has been ...........in Cairo to discuss the
revolutionary discovery of doctor Gonzales from Mexico.
A. deployed B. collected C. mobilized D. summoned