CATEGORIES of Children and Adolescent employ behaviorist methods, emphasizing

Literature repetition and imitation, to teach nursery

Presented By: Charles Jhon L. Aquino, LPT, rhymes effectively, focusing on proper
MAELLT syllabication and articulation. Actions may be
incorporated to make learning enjoyable.
Content
 Poetry  Mary Had a Little Lamb
 Traditional Litearture Mary had a little lamb
 Historical and Realistic Literature Its fleece was white as snow
And everywhere that Mary went
Introduction The lamb was sure to go.
Exposing children to diverse reading materials is It followed her to school one day
crucial for their development. Children's literature That was against the rule.
enhances emotional intelligence and moral growth, It made the children laugh and play
while also fostering cultural understanding. In this To see a lamb at school.
unit, pre-service teachers will explore various types of
children's literature to aid in selecting appropriate  Haiku
materials for their classrooms.PoetryWhat is it? Haiku is a traditional Japanese poetry form
characterized by a strict structure of seventeen
Poetry is a literary genre that employs sound devices syllables arranged in three lines: five syllables in the
and figurative language to convey meaning and evoke first line, seven in the second, and five in the third.
emotions. It encourages critical thinking as readers Typically devoid of rhyme, haiku poems are written in
interpret hidden meanings, fostering literacy skills and the present tense and often utilize juxtaposition,
expanding vocabulary. Through rhythmic patterns, metaphor, and personification for depth and meaning.
poetry engages young readers, enhancing phonemic
awareness and nurturing essential skills for literacy. Haiku, being a concise form of poetry, is ideal for first
to third-grade students as it emphasizes syllabication
General Characteristics of Poetry and introduces them to a less complex poetic style.
• creative way of writing and expressing and does not Reading and writing haiku fosters creativity and
necessarily follow strict grammatical structures; language use. It also provides cultural
• deliberate rhythmical patterns and metric structures insights, particularly into Japanese culture. When
(in traditional poetry); teaching haiku, encouraging students to creatively
• stronger visual characteristics with a deliberate line describe nature by asking guiding questions helps them
break grasp the form's structure and express their feelings
• apparent use of sound devices; effectively.
• grouping of ideas into stanzas;
• a limited number of words; The Old Pond (Matsuo Basho)
• aesthetic appeal; An old silent pond
• creative expression of feelings, imaginations, and A frog jumps into the pond
meaning; and Splash! Silence again.
• needs more reading and reflecting
A World of Dew (Kobayashi Issa)
A world of dew,
Types of Poetry for Children and And within every dewdrop
Adolescents A world of struggle.
 Nursery Rhymes
Nursery rhymes are short verses or songs from oral  Limerick
traditions, often memorized by children, known for originated in the early 17th century as folk songs,
rhymes and rhythm. Their popularity grew during the gaining popularity in the 18th century. British poet
18th and 19th centuries, sometimes referred to as Edward Lear, considered the genre's father, featured 72
Mother Goose rhymes when associated with Charles limericks in "The Book of Nonsense. " These short,
Perrault's fairy tales. entertaining poems have five lines with an "aabba"
rhyming pattern and follow anapestic meter, with the
Famous nursery rhymes also include “M ary had a first, second, and fifth lines containing seven to ten
Little Lamb” and “Itsy Bitsy Spider”. syllables and a rhythmic pattern of "da dum da da
 Nursery rhymes are integral to children's dum" in the third and fourth lines.
literature, aiding in early language
development by introducing sounds, syllables, There Was a Young Lady of Station
and words in a creative way. They are often There was a young lady of station
illustrated to enhance cognition. Teachers “I love man” was her sole exclamation
But when men cried, “You flatter” care-wretched, on ice-cold sea, Deprived of my
She replied, “Oh! no matter! kinsmen; Over the whale's acre, would wander
Isle of Man is the true explanation.” wide Eager and ready, the crying lone-flyer, Whets
for the whale-path the heart irresistibly "Free Verse
Traditional Native Poems Free Verse poems, originating from the French term
Traditional native poetry encompasses poetic forms "vers
that have endured over time and generally adhere to libre," were popularized by poets like Walt Whitman,
specific frameworks. While rhyme is a common known for irregular meter. This style became standard
feature, it is merely one aspect among various in
structural elements. the 20th century. Unlike traditional poetry, free verse
lacks
Depending on the form, traditional poetry may require specific rhythmic patterns or rhyme schemes, featuring
adherence to guidelines regarding the number of lines irregular line lengths and pauses. Despite the absence
or syllables, thematic content, or rhythmic patterns. of
Strict adherence to a defined form is a fundamental strict rules, free verse employs literary devices such as
characteristic of traditional poetry. alliteration, assonance, internal rhyme, repetition, and
metaphor.
Excerpt of The Raven (Edgar Allan Poe)
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak Free Verse
and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of Writing free verse empowers students to shape their
forgotten lore While I nodded, nearly napping, poems and express their message with freedom,
suddenly there came a tapping, As of someone gently fostering creativity and imagination. It offers
rapping, rapping at my chamber door. " Tis some opportunities to experiment with poetic devices, sound
visitor, " I muttered , " tapping at my chamber door patterns, word choices, and sentence structures,
Only this and nothing more. " Ah , distinctly I enabling students to think freely. Teaching free verse
remember it was in the bleak December; And each involves activities like oral reading, analyzing sound
separate dying ember wrought it ghost upon the floor. devices, imagery, themes, and engaging in free verse
Eagerly I wished the morrow; vainly I had sought to composition.
borrow
Endless Self - Doubt ( Kelly Roper )
From my books surcease of sorrow for the lost Lenore "Am I good enough? I'm not really sure.
For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name In fact, I'm sure I'm probably not.
Lenore Nameless here for evermore. What maed me think I could write this poem?
Everyone will laugh at it when they read it,
 Kenning Poems Or worse, they will be silent and hold theor criticism
originating from Old Norse verse, feature poetic in.
compounds where two words combine to express a Or worse yet, they'll say exactly what they think and
concept or person. Examples include "ankle biter," I'll be crushed.
"bookworm," and "brown noser. " These compounds, Or worst of all, they'll tell me it's great but not mean it.
akin to compressed metaphors, reflect attributes or And even if they truly loveit, I'll still wonder if it's
metaphorical meanings. They consist of two good enough. "
hyphenated words, typically a noun-noun or noun-verb
combination, describing objects akin to riddles.  Sonnet
Sonnet poems, originating in 13th-century Italy with
These poems employ unconventional language to Francesco Petrarch and popularized by English poets
convey deeper, more vivid meanings, enriching the like Shakespeare, Milton, and Donne, are among the
language and expanding students' vocabulary. To teach oldest and most traditional forms of creative writing.
students how to write kenning poems, educators can The main types include the Petrarchan, Shakespearean,
prompt them to brainstorm various kennings related to and Spencerian sonnets. Sonnets consist of fourteen
a specific word and craft them into a poetic lines, typically comprising an octave or two quatrains
composition."May I for my own self song's truth followed by a sestet. They adhere to iambic
reckon, Journey's jargon, pentameter, with ten syllables per line, intricately
how I in harsh days Hardship endured oft. linked to the rhyme scheme "abab, cdcd, efef, gg. "
The final couplet, rhymed "gg," concludes the sonnet.
Bitter breastcares have I abided, Known on keel many
a care's hold ; And Sonnets are valuable for teaching adolescents due to
dire sea-surge, and there I oft spent . their poetic complexity, which encourages critical
thinking and exploration of profound human
The Seafarer ( Ezra Pound ) experiences. Themes such as faith, love, suffering, and
That he on dry land loveliest liveth, List how I, hope offer rich emotional depth. Engaging with
sonnets cultivates students' poetic sensibilities and leading to their downfall. Angered by their
enhances their writing skills, preparing them for life's immorality, the gods submerged the island, along
complexities. with its people and treasures.Myths
Myths are symbolic narratives featuring gods,
Death Not Be Proud ( John Donne ) goddesses, and extraordinary beings, often of
Death, be not proud, though some have called thee unknown origin and rooted in tradition. Associated
Mighty and dreadful, for thou art not so; with religious beliefs, they explain natural and human
For those whom thou think ' st thou dost overthrow phenomena through the actions of deities.
Die not, poor Death, nor yet canst thou kill me. Myths address universal themes like birth, death, and
From rest and sleep, which but thy pictures be societal norms, offering guidance. Popular
Much pleasures; then from thee much more must flow, examples include Greek myths about Zeus and the
And soonest our best men with thee do go gods of Olympus, as well as the Roman myth of
Rest of their bones, and soul's delivery. Cupid and Psyche.
Thou art slave to fate, chance, kings, and desperate
men The Fox and the Grapes
And dost with poison, war, and sickness dwell, The story of "The Fox and the Grapes" features a
And poppy or charms can make us sleep as well. fox who desires grapes hanging on a tree branch
but fails to reach them despite repeated attempts.
To Conclude... Ultimately, he convinces himself the grapes are
The seven types of poetry, including nursery rhymes, sour and walks away. The tale teaches children the
haiku, sonnet, limerick, kenning, free verse, narrative, importance of persistence and warns against
and calligram, serve as excellent teaching materials for dismissing things out of reach. It also highlights the
children and adolescents to learn about literature, tendency for some to devalue what they cannot
particularly poetry. attain.

Traditional Literature Epic

An epic is a lengthy narrative poem depicting the
What is it?
remarkable endeavors of exceptional individuals.
Traditional literature for children and adolescents
Derived from the Greek word "epos," meaning "story,"
entertains and teaches values through stories passed
"word," or "poem," it is part of the oral tradition,
down orally or in writing. These tales explore themes
recounting the heroic exploits of characters with
of good vs. evil, beauty vs. ugliness, and rich vs. poor,
superhuman qualities. Typically narrated in the third
often featuring protagonists on a quest against villains.
person omniscient, epics feature settings that vary
Characters embody archetypal roles, and settings are
and are often unfamiliar. The plot presents heroes with
typically magical and timeless. Resolutions typically
formidable challenges. Well-known epics for
lead to protagonists living
children and adolescents include Homer's "Iliad" and
happily ever after, with evil vanquished and heroes
"Odyssey," the Old English poem "Beowulf," and
victorious.
Hesiod's tales of "Hercules" or "Heracles.
Classification of Traditional Literature
 Legends Historical and Realistic Literature
Legends, derived from the Latin "legenda" meaning
worth reading, are folktales about people Historical Fiction Historical fiction is a narrative set
or places passed down orally and later in writing. in a specific historical period, featuring characters
They evolve over time to engage readers, though their interacting with historical figures. While aiming for
historical accuracy is unverified. Legends accuracy in depicting the era's details, authors can be
convey human values and morals through themes creative in dialogues and storyline. It captures social
like truth, betrayal, and heroism. Characterized by norms, cultural practices, and traditions. Key
exaggeration, protagonists possess superhuman characteristics include an accurate historical setting,
qualities and embark on moral quests. Supernatural precise portrayal of period behavior, and close
elements often aid their triumphs, narrated in a depiction of past events. Historical fiction enables
third-person perspective. readers to connect with and understand past events,
relating to the characters' experiences
 The Legend of Atlantis
The Legend of Atlantis, recounted by philosophers .Types of Historical Fiction
like Plato and Aristotle, tells of an island existing  Historical Fantasy
approximately 9,000 years ago beyond the Pillars of Historical fantasy is a genre that seamlessly merges
Hercules, deemed the holy city by the Greeks. It was elements of fantasy with historical settings and events
inhabited by an advanced utopian civilization in literature. In works classified as historical fantasy,
initially known for their spirituality and virtue. authors intertwine imaginative elements, often magical
However, they succumbed to greed and moral decay,
or supernatural, with the backdrop of a specific these narratives depict poor but virtuous families with
historical period. Noteworthy examples of this genre dutiful and obedient children finding strength in each
include "The Bear and the Nightingale" by Katherine other. A classic example of this genre in realistic
Arden and "The Golem and the Jinni" by Helene fiction is Louisa May Alcott's "Little Women,"
Wecker. These novels transport readers to historical offering a realistic portrayal of a 19th-century
settings enriched with fantastical elements, creating a American family. Another noteworthy work is Lucy
unique blend that offers both the allure of the Maud Montgomery's "Anne of Green Gables,"
fantastical and the richness of historical context. contributing to the tradition of family stories within
realistic fiction
 The Bear and the Nightingale
a Russian historical fantasy set in ancient Russia,  Little Women
where Vasya Petrovna, a girl who can communicate "Little Women" follows the four sisters—Jo, Beth,
with mystical beings, faces societal disapproval. The Amy, and Meg—in New England during the Civil
story involves a Winter King demon and his brother War, as their father serves as a pastor. The family
Bear who are intrigued by her. With a lack of internal faces financial struggles, and each sister grapples with
conflict, it's suitable for young readers and weaves personal challenges. Jo aspires to be a writer and
together rich cultural, supernatural, and historical navigate societal expectations, Meg must choose love
settings while addressing women's societal position over wealth, Beth confronts shyness, and Amy makes
sacrifices for her family. The family bond weakens as
.Alternate history the sisters pursue individual paths—Amy goes to
A speculative genre that explores historically relevant Europe, Jo pursues a writing career in New York, and
scenarios with different resolutions. It Beth succumbs to illness and passes away.
engages readers by posing "what if" questions or
making assumptions about events. This genre often  Survival Stories
involves time travel between historical periods, Survival stories, similar to social realism, center on
creating intriguing and characters grappling with life's challenges for survival.
undefined settings. Whether facing societal or natural forces, characters in
Examples include "Ink and Bone" by Rachel Caine these narratives demonstrate resilience and
and "Front Lines" by Michael Grant. overcoming adversity.

 Ink and Bone  The Island of Dolphin

is an alternate historical tale centered around the "The Island of the Blue Dolphins" follows 12-year-old
Library of Alexandria. It depicts the Great Library as a Karana, stranded with her brother Ramo. Faced with
powerful entity controlling global information flow. the threat of wild dogs and Aleut hunters, Karana
The protagonist, Jess Brightwell, absorbs knowledge fights for survival, using her surroundings as
despite the Library's prohibition on personal book resources. She befriends the dogs, nursing them back
ownership. Jess, sent to the Library as a spy by his to health instead of killing them. Karana's resilience
family involved in the black market book trade, learns teaches young readers valuable lessons about
that the Library prioritizes knowledge over human overcoming life's challenges, making it an excellent
lives. The narrative unfolds with the tragic fates of educational material for children.
friends attempting to rescue original books, including
Jess's best friend Thomas, who ran a printing press  Stories of Social Realism
opposed by the Library. Social realism stories focus on realistic portrayals of
self-identity, abuse, friendship, sexuality, and various
Realistic Fiction social issues integral to human development. Writers
Realistic fiction is a genre depicting present-day in this genre aim to expose young minds to harsh
scenarios with authentic portrayals of everyday life. realities, believing that confronting these
It mirrors reality through fictional characters, issues helps them learn and prepares them for life.
emphasizing personal and social issues. The themes
aim to connect readers with parallel human  The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
experiences, and the narratives often present believable Huck escapes his abusive father with his friend Jim.
solutions to realistic situations and Along their journey, they encounter various
problems. The settings of realistic fiction are challenges, including con artists posing as aristocrats.
typically in the recent past or the present. Initially concerned with freeing himself from societal
constraints, Huck's perspective shifts as he befriends
Types of Realistic Fiction Jim. The story exposes young readers to societal harsh
 Family Stories realities, teaching valuable lessons and providing a
Family stories revolve around common familial glimpse of adversity through the characters'
experiences like scheming, sibling rivalry, and experiences, fostering a more nuanced understanding
reconciliation. Typically inspired by Victorian ideals, of the world