Examples based on Examplo 59.

Acuimd is piaed in duntform electne fda

Electric Flux and Gauss's Theorem Ewith ts as parallet to the freld. Shor that the
rictricflut through he yinder is zer.
Formuloe Used
Solution. The siluation is shown in Fig 187
1 Electric tlux through aplane surface area Sheld in
auniform electric field ES

where is the angle which the normal to the

outward drawn nomal to surface area S makes
with the feld E
2 Acnding to Gauss's theonem, the total electric tux Fiq. t87
through a closed surface Senclosing charge gis Flur through the entire cylinder,

tal tlux lett plane right plane urved

3 Fux density face surtace
Area
Units Used
Electric flux é is in Nmc and flux deasity in
NC =- Cx +Ex a = 0.
Constant Used
Example 60. Calculate the number of electric lines of force
Permittivity constant of tree space is originating from a charge of 1 C.
-885 191CN'm Solution. The number of lines of force originating
from a charge of 1 C
= Electric flux through a closed
Example 57. IE =6i +3 -4,calulak the cloctric surface enclosing a charge of 1C
fux through a surface of arca 20 units in YZ plane. -1.129 x 10,
Haryana 971 o 8.85 x 10
Solution. Electric feld vector, E 6i +3f +4k Example 61. Apositire charge of 17.7 C is placed at the
centre of a hollow sphere of radius 0.5 n, Calculate the fux
As the area vector S in tlhe Y.Z plane points along ensity through the surface of the sphere.
outward drawn normal ie, along posibve X-dircton, so Solution. From Gauss's theorem,
Flux, & 2_ 177x 10 2 x10 Nm²c!
10-2
o 8.85x
Flux, +-E.5=i6i +3j +4í).20
= 120 units. Flux density =Total flux
Area
Exomple 58. A circular plane sheet of radius 10 cm is
plrd in a uniform lectric field of 5 10 NC, making an 2x 10 =6.4x 105 NC,
angle of63* wrth the field. Celculate electric fluz through the 4n(0.5)
sert.
Exomple 62. Calculate the clectric through ench of the
Solution. Here r=10 cm =0.1 m, E5x 10 NC Su faces of aclosed cube of length L, fux ifa charge gis placed
As the angle between the plane sheet and the at is centre and (b) at one of ts terttces.
electric field is 60, angle made by the normal to the Solution. (a) By symmetry, the flux through each of
plane shet and the electric field 1s 0=90° -60P =30° placed
the six faces of the cube will be same when charge gis
at its centre.
Flux,
=5× 10°x3.14> (0.1)z cos 30°
- L36 x 1o Nm² c
 1.53
lECTRIC CHARGES AND F
tie nitre of an imagiary
oof cletoc tiux throuh 5, and S, is Ahare qis sithated at shown in Fig L. Usig
lemispherical surface, as coideratice, dett
( ' s t e a and symetry charge through ti
30/5, mine the electrictlux due to this
of eletric constant is into hemisplerical surtace Ans
Ha metum
the spa inside S.then tlux throuh

he fluux through does not change with the

intnxtionot dielectric mediun inside the sphere S Fig 1.91
and area of
roblems For Practice 8. A hollow cylindrical box of length I mthree dimen
Cross-setion 25 cm is placed in a
sional coordinate system as shown in Fig 194. The
Hthe ciextric tielkd is given by E50xi,
t i . 4 3 NC, calulate the electric flåx electric field in the region is given by
where Eis in NC and I is in metres
through a surtace of area 10 m lying in the XY
plane
(Ans. 300 NmC)
. he eetric field in a certain region of space is
6i+4-4k)x 10 Nc Calculate electric flux Im

due to this field over an area of (2 i-)x10 m²

(Ans. 6 1o Nm?c' Fig. 1.94
NC! Find
3 Cotsider a uniform electric field º-3x10° () net flux through the cylinder,
Caiculate the flux of this field through a square
surtace of area 10cm when
(i) charge enlosed by the cylnder. CBSE D 13]
) its plane is parallel to the y-z plane, and 1
9. The electric field in s regon is given by E
() the normal to its plane makes a 60 angle with Find the charge contained in the cubical voiume
the r-axis. ICBSE D 13C]
bounded by the surtaces ) 1=, y=Q
(Ans. (0) 30Nmc () 15Nm°c -5>10 NC.
y=a,z0 and zra. Take
NC (Ans. 2.2 10 C
4 Given a unitorm electric field E- 5 10 a= lcm and h 2 cm.

find the flux of this field through a square of 10 cm 10. Theelectric freld components due to a harge instde
the cube of side 0.1 m are a5 shown.
on a side whose plane is parallel to the Y-Z plane.
What would be the flux through the same square if I,= , where a 40 N/C-m
the plane makes a 30 angle with the X-axis ?
ICBSE D 14]

(Ans. (i) 50 Nmc () 25 Nmc'

5. Apoint charge of 17.7 uCis located at the centre of a
cube of side 0.03 m. Find the electric flux through
each face of the cube. IHimachal 931
(Ans. 3.3x 10° Nm²C)
6. Aspherical Gaussian surface encloses a charge of
8.85 x10 C) Calculate the electricflux passing
through the surface, (i) If the radius of the
Gaussian surface is doubled, how would the flux
-D1m
change ? ICBSE D 01, F 07] 01m

|Ans. () 10 Nn²c') No change] Fig. 1.95

 PHYSICS-AI

I.72
Cae positive lvau
Solution () Chargs Aand t n them.
eowoging out
he neof foroe are e
4

magnitude Iv
ib) ChangeChas the largest assiated with
mavimum numberof tield lines an betwn
netral Nint can eist C The Fig. 1.131
) ) Nner A No # and
& or vtwvn in the upward
unike charges 4and charges Aand C Als Force on the charge-
utral pint evsts clwrlke
vtwn
the utral int wilt ve to the change with sInallet
agnitude Hee elevtne teld is zeo
near charge 4
Jirectios
Acceleration,
is brought cee
Irublem 8A les nu rund uth sik other, inducang
Rttvanervd ens in ntaf nth cah field, =
charys on tln Time taken to cross the

Vertical detlection at the far edge of the plate wil b

1
() the spheres are sligtly 2 2 m 2mu
Fig. 1.129
() the glass rt is subsoguentiy rcAVd, and finally Like the motion of a projectile iin gravitational fueld,
the path of a charged particle in electric feld is
an
() the sphers are syurated far apurt ? parabolic.
Solution.
Problem 10. Figure 1.132 shotus tracks of three char
prticles in a uniform electrostatic field. Gie the
5of tie
three chargs Wich particle as the highest charge lo
ratio ? INCERT : CBSE Do1g

Fig. 1.130
() When the spheres are slightly separated with
the glass rod undisturbed, there is little change
in the distribution of charges, as shown in Fig. 1.132
Fig 1.130a). (a) Suypose that a particle is attracted touards the
(2) When the glass rod is removed, there is positie pate : twhat must the charge on it be ?
redistribution of charge on each sphere. Their (b) Suppos, to particdes haze identical cured trajectores
positive and negative charges will face each Which of the following are necessarily true ?
other, as shown in Fig. 1.130(b). (i) They hte same charge ; i1)
They haoe
(ii) The charge on each sphere gets uniformly mass ; (ii) The charges hate the same sign; (iv) same
distributed as shown in Fig. 1.130(c). have the same elm ratio. They
Problem 9. Aparticle of mass mand charge (-q)enters the (c) You are gien the initial
region betueen the tuo charged plates initially moving oelocity vofa
and the length of the capacitor I. beam partice
rs with speed v, (lie particle 1in Fig 1.152). The along What oth
length
plate is L and a uniform electric field Eis maintained betueen of measurenent uould enable one to fnd elm ?
the plates. Shorethat the vertical Solution. Parices 1 and 2 have negative charges
deflection of the particle at the because
far cage of the plate is qE'(2m u). they are being deflected towards the
Compare this motion uith motion of a plate of he
electrostatic field.
positive
graritational field. projectile in Particle 3 has positive charge because it is
Solution. The motion of the charge- qin the delected towards he negative plate. being
of the electric field region
shown in Fig 1.131.Ebetween the two charged plates is Acceleration acting on charge qin y-direction,
 particlein straight line aC2 pait
charged the pair(l For theveslope. slopeofOBis
detctianof (i)For + ve slope.OBhasa the
rhore, has a graph =3Fun
ic, h OA the
deflectionin attractive,
(i) Clearly,atractkn
0 m m)ratio OA.
maximum
mass(of slopeof
sutlers timesthe
ruIticle 3 chargeto three
highest chargesof
as the soithas
Repulsion

smton
( Ngatisecharge. must have
particlesratio,
The displace
and(i). samee/m vertical
Aumesignand measurethe capacitorplates.
o)
we ussesthe
To tind
c/mpurtide capacitorplates,
the
menthas particletocrossthe
takenbya
Tie

Figure 1.133 pattern, a

2
different
shousthreeproton is released
O
patterns Atracion
Problem11.lines. In eachaccelerated touardsthepoint Fig. 1.13 at
wsetrac fld Pandthen
linear
accordingtothe first. and 4, arelocated
point patterns greatest charges, 4, electric
tat Rank the itreaches point the
feld.
ontnic proton uhen Problem13. Two respectively. Find 0, c)
ntum of the 0,0) and (0,b,0) at the point (0,[CBSE SP 13]
points (a, both these charges,
field, due to point(0,0,)dueto
the
electricfield at
Solution, Net
and 4, is
the charges 4,
(a)

(6)
92 (0, b, 0)

(C) (a, 0, 0)
41
Fig. 1.133
Pare closest
The lines of force near point
Solution. in
(c) and farthest apart is 7o, 0, c)
to each other in patternelectric field near point P
patern (a). Consequently, case (a).
strongest in case (c) and weakest in
Momentum of proton at pointQin pattern (c) Fig. 1.135
>Momentum of proton at point Oin pattern (b)
>Momentum of proton at point Q in pattern (a) But ;=-ait ck ’=(a'+2
Problem 12 Plot a graph showing the variation of
culomb force (E) versus where r is the distance =-bË+ ck =(6 +y2
betacen the huo charges of each pair of charges :(1 uC,2 uC)
nd 2uC, -3uC) Interpret the graphs obtained. Enet = 1-airck),4-bË+ ck)
ICBSE OD 11)
 PHYSICS-Xl
2F cos 8
1.76 Solution.
=0, the electricfields due KO
Solution. (0) Atthe point and hence
F=
are in the same r-direction
lo all the charges
get added up. charge q
Net force on
E

2KQ4x
d2
() Electric feld at r=0 is
value of Ft Fig. 1.143
For maximum

Problem 22. Tuv identical yositiie charges Qcach are

other. Another
fivd at a distance of"2e' apart from cachmidyoint betueen
placed at
nt chargr with mass 'm' is displacement
tuo fixed charges. For a small aeuts SHM. along the line
the carge q, Find the Problem 24. Eiglht identical point charges of qcoulomk
01
Aning the fud cares are placed at the corners of a cube of each side
of charge 4 JEE Main July 22) each
tine pTid of uscallation Calculate the electric field at the centre G of the cube
Solution. Calculate the field at the centre when one of the corne
charges is remozed.
Solution. Length of each side, I =0.1 m
Distance of each comer from the centre of the cube is
Fig. 1.142 31 N3 x0.1_55x 10m
2
Net force on the charge q in the displaced position,
When all the eight point charges are placed at the
cormers, electric fields of the diagonally opposite
(a+x) (a-x} charges cancel out in pairs.
Net field at the centre =0.

When a charge is removed from one corner, the

electric fields due to three pairs of charges cancel out.
lrcal However, the charge at the remaining corner creates field.
1
E=
4nE
9x 10' x q
NCI
(543 x 10 2j2=12x 10g
The field points towards the corner having no
charge.
An'Ema Problem 25. If the total charge enclosed by asurfoce is
zero, does it imply that the electric field everywhere on the
surface is zero ? Conversely, if the electric field everyuhere
Problem 23. Tuo point chargesQeach are placed at a on the surface is zero, does it imply that the charge inside is
distance d apart, Athird point charge qis placed at a distance zero [Exemplar Problem)
xfrom the mid-point on the
ralue of x at which charge qperpendicular bisector. Find the haveSolution. As q=0, so from the Gauss's theorem, we
will experience the maximum
Coulomb's force. JEEMain June 22] 4-fE.aa =0
 ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELD
Q
imply that É Problem 27. A small metal sphere carrying charge +
does not cavity in a large
dearly, the abovete
all on the Gaussian surface. is located at the centre of a spherical 1.145, Use Gauss's
s nessarily
zero at
is uncharged melal sphere as shown in Fig.
that E is non-zero but it and P.
Bmuy also be possible theorem to find electric feld at points P[CBSE D 05, OD 14C)
surface, even
mndicular to d S at all points on the
then the integral Metal
(E.IS would be zero,
Free space
at every
However, the converse is true. If E is zerotheorem
Gauss's
oint on Gaussian surface, then from

q=0
Gaussian surface. Fig. 1.145
ie. no net charge is enclosed by the
Problem 26. Figure 1.14 shows acylindrical Gaussian Solution. () To determine the electric field at point
arar fr an infinitely long thin straight wire of uniform P, consider a concentric spherical surface of radius r
linezr charge density. as the Gaussian surface. By symmetry, the field E will
have same magnitude at all points on this surface and
will point radially outward.
:. Flux through the Gaussian surface,
4= Ex 4n
Charge enclosed by Gaussian surface =+Q
By Gauss's theorem,
or Ex 4nr or E- 1 Q
Fig. 1.144
(i) As the electric field inside a conductor is zero, so
Ansuer the following field at point P, =0.
() For which surface is the electric flux zero ?
Problem 28. A spherical conducting shell of inner
(i) Ouer which surface is E zero ? radius r, and outer radius r, has a charge 'Q. A charge 'q is
placed at the centre of the shell.
(in) Oner uhich surface is | É| Constant ?
(a) What is the surface charge density on the (i) inner
(iD) Ooer which surface does | E| change ? surface, (ii) outer surface of the shell ?
(b) Write the expression for the electric field at a
Solution. Electric field of a line charge,
x>, from the centre of the shell.
point
(CBSE OD 10]
E acting radially outward Solution. The charge qat the centre induces charge
2 nE -qon the inner surface of the shell and charge +qon the
() At the two plane end faces, outer surface of the shell.

- .aa -0. Q+q

() For any finite

distance from the line charge,
É cannot be
zero.
() At al points of the
curved surface, | E| is
Constant.
(iD) At the plane end faces, | EI
increase in distance r.
decreases with the
Fig. 1.146
 ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELD

TO NCERT EXERCISES
GyrDELINES
ratio of
too small charged splwres The factor ke/Gm_m, represents thebetween an
beteeen force
1. What is the force
10 Cand 3 x10 Cplaced 30 cm apart electrostatic force to the gravitational value of the ratio
A eg
chirsf2 x electron and a proton. Also, the largenuch stronger than
=3x10-c signifies that the electrostatic force is
-2x10C 4, the gravilational force.
Ans Here 4 statement 'electric
1.4.() Explain the meaning of the
r= 30 cm = 0.30 m

Acording to Coulomb's
law, charge of a body is quantised.
x3x107 quantisation of electric charge
() Why can one ignore macroscopic Le, large scale
F=
1 9 x10° x2x 10 when dealing with
(0.30)
charges ?
-6 x10N(repulsive). means that the
Ans, () Quantisation of clectrlc charge
small sphere of chargeis total charge (o) of a body is always an integral multiple of
12 The electrostatic force on a charge
MuC due to another small sphere of
-0.8uC in air
a basic charge (e) which is the charge on an clectron. Thus
spheres ? (ii) What
a:NOWhat is the distance betueen tuo q= ne, where n= 0, t1,42, ±3,....
due to the first 2 (q m1e)
&the Ane on the second sphere (ii) While dealing with macroscopic charges
10-c charge. This is
Ans () Here 4, =0.4 uC=0.4 x we can ignore quantisation of electric so gbehaves
--0. uC- - 0.8 x 10 C F=0.2 N, r=? because eis very small and nis very large and of charge
as if it were continuous i.e, as if a large amount
As F 9 a is flowing continuously.
15. When a glass rod is rubbed with asilk cloth, charges appear
on both. A similar phenomenon is observed with many other
consistent with
4nE F pairs of bodies. Explain how this observation is
9x10 x0.4x 10 x0.8 x106 =144x 104 the law of conservation of charge.
0.2 Ans. It is observed that the positive charge developed
r= 12 x10 =0.12 m =12 cm. on the glass rod has the same magnitude as the negative
on silk cloth. So total charge after
() The two charges mutually exert equal and opposite charge developed the law of
forces
rubbing is zero as before rubbing. Hence
conservation of charge is being obeyed here.
. Force on the second sphere due to the first
0.2 N (attractive). 1.6. Four poit charges q4 =2 uC qg =-5 C 4c=2 G
13. Check that the ratio keIGm,m, is dimensionless. Look 4p =-5HCare located at the corners of asquare ABCD of side
0cm. What is the force on a charge ofluCplaced at the centre
ip a table of physical constants and determine the value of this of the square ?
atio. What does this ratio signify
0D-y10 +10
Anse [Nmic)x[C? =no unit
Ans. Here OA =OB= oC= 2
Gmyn, [Nm'kg x(kglkgl =5/2 am =5/2 x10-2 m
10 cm
As the ratio ke/Gm_m, has no unit, so it is De
dimensionless.
Now k=9x 10 Nm'c2
G= 6.67 x10" Nm kg-?
e= 1.6 x 10 kg 1-l uC
m, =9.1 x10 kg
and m, = 1.66 x 10° kg
9x10 x(16 x10-19²
*Gm,, 6.67 x10" x9.1x 10 x1.66 x1o7
= 2.287 x109
A
94-2 C 10cm q-5C

Fig. 1.149
 PHYSICS-XI|
midpoint Odue to 4A
the
Electric field at
L.80 localed at the 9x10' x3x 10-6
of 1 uC 1 (0.10)
on the charge E =
Forces exerted 4RE)
centre are
9x 10 x2 x
10- x1 x 10 =27 x10 NC", along OB
(5/2x10 - midpoint O due to a.
Electric field at the 9x10 x3x 106
- 3.6 N, along OC
E.9x10x5x10 x1 x10 4nk)
(0.10)
(5/2x10 - 2.7 x 10° NC",
along OB
=9N,alongOB midpoint Ois
Resultant field at the
=(2.7+ 2.) x106
.9x10'x2x 10 x1x 10 E= E, + Eg
(5/2x10 =5.4 x10 NC", along OB.
negative chargeeof 1.5 x10"Cplaced a
- 3.6 N, along O4 () Force on a
9x10 x5x 10 x1x10 the midpoint O, x5.4 x10
(5V2 x10 F= qE= 1.5 x 10"
OA
=9N, along Ob - 8.1 x10N, along
negative charge acts in a direction
The force on a electric ffeld.
Clearly, - and F - opposite to thatof the
4=25 x10 Cm
Hence total force on luC charge is 1.9. A system has tuo charges
A(0,0, -15 Cm) at
a. =-25x 10 Clocated at potnts
B(0,0, +15 cam) respectively. What is the total charçe cnd
system ?
-,5--5-zero N. clectric dipole moment of the
on either
a continuous curve. Ans. Clearly, the two charges lie on Z-axis
1.7. (a) An electrostatic field line is side of the origin and at 15 m trom
it, as shown in
cannot he sudden breaks. Why not ?
That is, afield line
at any Fig. 1.151.
(b) Explain why tuo field lines neer cross each other 2a =30 cm =0.30m, q=2.5 x 10 C
point ? (CBSE D O5, 03; OD 14]
Ans. (a) Electric lines of force exist throughout the
region of an electric field. The electric field of a charge
decreases gradually with increasing distance from it and 4,=-25x 10 CB(0,0, +15 cm)
becomes zero at infinity i.e., electric field carnot vanish
abruptly. So a line of force cannot have sudden breaks, it
must be a continuous curve.
(b) If two lines of force intersect, then there would be
two tangents and hence two directions of electric field at
the point of intersection, which is not possible.
1.8. Tco point charges q,=+3uC and q, =-3 uC are
located 20 cm apart in vacuum. (i) Find the electric field at the
midpoint 0 of the line AB joining the tuo charges. (ii) If a
negative test charge of magnitude 15 x 10 Cis placed at the /A-25x10c 4(0, 0,-15cm)
centre, find the force experienced by the test charge.
(CBSE OD 031
Ans. The directions of the fields E, and E, due to the Fig. 1.151
charges and q at the midpoint Pare as shown in
Fig. 1.150. Total charge =44 t 9a =2.5 x1072.5 x10-7 =0
Dipole moment,
94 =+3 C 4, =-3 uC
10 cm O 10 cm
p=qx2a =2.5 x 10 x0.30
=0.75 x 10 Cm
The dipole moment acts in the direction
Fig. 1.150 i.e, along negative Z-axis. fromn Bto A
 FIELD
ELECTRIC CHARGES AND
Consider a uniorm electric field: a
4 x10 Cmis
1.14. lux of this field throughthe
dipole moment ) What is the
cletrie* diole with field of =3x 10i N whose plane is
parallel
An direction ofa uniform electric cm on a side
same square if the
30 with the magnitude of the torque square of 10 flux through the
at
dimeal x10 NC.Calculate
the the
Y-Z-plane ? (ii) What is 60° angle with the X-axis ?
mutmde5 makes a [CBSE D 13C]
thediyole. 5 x 10
NC-1 normal to its plane
atingon Cm,0 =30 E- points
Ans. Here
p=4x10
plane parallel to Y-Z plane
Torque, r= pEsin Ans. () Normal to a
in X-direction, so
30°
=4x10 x5x10* xsin m' = 0.01 m?
AS = 0.10 x0.10
- 10 Nm.
hatea Electric flux,
piecerubbed with wool is found to 10 i .0.01i
11.Apolythene 3.2x10 C. (i) Estimate the number of ; = E.AS= 3x
charge of
matiketransferred. (i)Is there a transfer of mmass
from wool to
tnonts =30f. = 30 Nm'c
l.6x101c 0=60 609
= 3.2 x 10 C, e= (i) Here x 10 x 0.01 cos
Ans. () Here q = EAScos 60° =3
therefore Nm'c-.
Asq= ,
electrons transferred, - 30x=15
Number of electric field
9_ 3.2x 10-7 -2x10!2
10-19 1.15. Consider a uniform
l.6x 10i NC. What is the net flux of this fieldthrongiha
=3x parallel to the
are so that its faces are
oriented
negative charge, so electrons cube of side 20 cm
Since polythene has polythene during rubbing. coordinate planes ? plane is
transterred from wool to from wool to Ans. The flux entering one face parallel to Y-Z plane.
other face parallel to Y-Z
a transter mass
() Yes, there is finite mass of equal to the flux leaving through
each electron has a
zero. Hence net lux
polythene because Flux through other faces is
91x 10 kg. the cube is zero.
the surface
of the electric fielid atthnugh
Mass transferred
x2x 10!2 1.16. Careful measurement the net outuard fux the
= m, xn=9.1 x
10 of a black bor indicates that Nnc-.() What is the nct chrge
= 1.82 x 10 kg surface of the box is 80 x 10 outuward flux through the surfuce of
inside the box ? (i) If the net conclude that there uere no chargs
zerp, could vou
Cearly, the amount of mass transferred is negligibly te bor oere
inside the box ? Wy or why not
smal. Nmc-2
L.12 (a) Tuo insulated charged copper
spleres A and B Ans. (1) r = 8.0 x 10
distance of 50 cm. What is the Using Gauss theorem,
he their centres separated by a is
matual force ofelectrostatic repulsion if the charge on each
compared to
65x 10 C?The radii of Aand Bare negligible force of repulsion if
the distance of separation. (b) What is the
above amount, and the q=e= 8.0 x10 xir x9 y10
ach splhere is charged double the Charge,
distance betueen them is halved ?
=0.07 x10C =0.07 uC
Ans. Refer to the solution of Example 9 on page 1.12.
(ii) No, we cannot say that there are no charges at all
1.13. Figure 1.152 shows tracks of three charged particles in
Auniform electrostatic field, Give the signs of the three charges. inside the box. We can only say that the net charge inside
the box is zero.
Which particle has the highest charge to mass ratio
1.17. A point charge +10 uC is a distance 5cm directly
above the centre of a square of side 10 cn as shoun n
Fig. 1.153(a). What is the magnitude of tlhe clectric fluxthrough
the square 2(Hint: Think of the square as one face ofa cube uith
edge 10 cm)
Fig. 1.152 Ans. We can imagine the square as face of a cube with
edge 10 cm and with the charge of + 10uC placed at its
Ans. Refer to the solution of Problem 10 on page 1.72. centre, as shown in Fig. 1.153(b).
 PHYSICS-XII
I.82
1
- x 1.5 x10 x(0.20) c
4ne, Er9x 10
6.67 nC YPEA:
= 6.67x 10C= be Whatis
acts inwards, the charge q must
As the field 2.
1. A glass
negative. charges
g=-6.67 nC
10C
24 1m 3. Whydo
charged conducting sphere of() Fiua
10 cm
10 cm 1.21. A uniformly charge density of 80.0 uC/m', rubbing
(b) diameter has a surface What is the toBal electric
A Consid
(a)
on the sphere. (ii) Q repe
the charge [CBSE D09C)
Fig. 1.153
leaing the surface of the sphere nature

six faces of a cube albout its centre 2.4

5. A posi
Symmetry of face is same Ans. Here R= =1.2m
that the flux through each square 2 Cm2
ensures centre. 80.0Cm = 80 x10 uncha
when the charge q is placed at the G= thepit
is
.: Total flux,
() Charge on the sphere 6. When

4n Rg=4x3.14 x(1.2) x80 x 10c acquir

q=
from
&=x10 x10-6 x4n x9 x 10 =1.45 x 10 C
6
7. Ts thc
(ii) Flux, charg
1.88 x10 Nmc1 4-1.45 x 10 x4n x9 x 10 attrac
centre of a cubic
1.18. A point charge of 2.0 C is at the
Gaussian surface 9.0 cm on edge. What is the
net electric flux =1.6 x 10 Nm² c-,
through the surface ? produces a field of
1.22. An infinite line chargeCalculate
8. Wha
Ans. Here q 2.0u C= 2.0 x 10 "C, 9x 10 NCat a distance of 2cm. the linear charge posiL
-8.85 x10-1Pc'N-'m2 9. Usua
density.
Ans. E=9x 10 NC, r=2cm -0.02 m
Whe
is
By Gauss's theorem, electric flux
10. Nar
2.0 x10 c-! Electric field of a line charge, E=
10-12=2.26 x10 Nm² 2rur
8.85 x 11. Wh
. Linear charge density, eled
1.19. Apoint charge causes an electric flux of-1.0 x 10 1
*9x 10* x0
02 12. Wh
C to pass through a spherical Gaussian surface of A= 2nu, Er = 2n x
N
of the 4n x9x109 13. Wi
100 cm radius centred on the charge. (i) If the radius
Gaussian surface were doubled, how much flux would pass -= 0.01 x 1o Cm- = 0.1 uCm, 14. Bof
through the surface ?(i) What is the value of the point charge ? 1.23. Tuo large, thin metal plates are parallel and close to ad
Ars. () -10° Nmc, because the charge each other. On their inner faces, the plates havesurfacecharge
enclosed is the same in both the cases.
no

densities of opposite signs and of magnitude 17.0 x10"4 C , 15. I8

(i) Charge, What is E(a) to the left of the plates, (b) to the right of the plates, 16. A
and (c) between the plates ?
1 Ans. Here g = 17.0 x 10- Cm
10 (-1.0 x10)
4n x9x (a) On the left, the fields of the two plates are 17. T
=-8.84 x 10 C=- 8.84 nC. equal and opposite, so E= Zero. 1
1.20. Aconducting sphere of radius 10 cm has an unknown (b) On the right, the fields of the two plates are
charge. If the electric field 20 cm from the centre of the sphere is equal and opposite, so E= Zero.
15 x 10° NC- and points radially inward, what is the net (c) Between the plates, the fields due to both
charge on the sphere ? plates are in same direcion. So the resultant
Ans. Electric field at the outside points of a conducting field is
18
sphere is
E2E= 2E- 1 7 x10- x4n x9x 10
E
=19.2 x1o0 NC