Chapter 1. Work..................................................................................................

Chapter 2. Money..............................................................................................19

Chapter 3. Crime...............................................................................................33

Chapter 4. Health..............................................................................................49

Chapter 5. Driving.............................................................................................67

Chapter 6. Binomials and Trinomials................................................................79

Chapter 7. War and Peace...............................................................................85

Chapter 8. News...............................................................................................89

Chapter 9. Quantity...........................................................................................93

Chapter 10. Ideas...............................................................................................97

Chapter 11. Ways Of Walking...........................................................................101

Chapter 12. Ways of Talking.............................................................................107

Chapter 13. Ways of Looking...........................................................................113

Chapter 14. Feelings.........................................................................................119

Chapter 15. Negative Feelings..........................................................................123

Chapter 16. Positive Feelings...........................................................................127

Chapter 17. Cause and Effect..........................................................................131

Chapter 18. Difficulties and Problems.....................................................................135

Chapter 19. Compare and Contrast...................................................................139

Chapter 20. Space and Time.............................................................................143

Chapter 21. Plans and Decisions.....................................................................147

Chapter 22. Appearance...................................................................................151

Chapter 23. Body..............................................................................................155

Chapter 24. Life and Death...............................................................................159

Chapter 25. Clothes and Fashion.....................................................................163

Chapter 26. Food and Cooking.........................................................................167

 Chapter 27. Weather and Climate....................................................................171

Chapter 28. Animals and Plants.......................................................................175

Chapter 29. Adverb Collocations..............................................................................179

Chapter 30. Phrasal Verb Collocations....................................................................189

Chapter 31. Secrets, Lies, and Conspiracies......................................................193

Chapter 32. Regulations and Authority.............................................................197

Chapter 33. The Environment...........................................................................201

Chapter 34. Travel and Tourism.......................................................................205

Chapter 35. Shopping and Customer Service...................................................209

Chapter 36. Books............................................................................................213

Chapter 37. Physics and Chemistry..................................................................217

Answers
Chapter 1. Work..............................................................................................222

Chapter 2. Money............................................................................................227

Chapter 3. Crime.............................................................................................233

Chapter 4. Health............................................................................................240

Chapter 5. Driving...........................................................................................246

Chapter 6. Binomials and Trinomials..............................................................250

Chapter 7. War and Peace..............................................................................255

Chapter 8. News.............................................................................................257

Chapter 9. Quantity.........................................................................................259

Chapter 10. Ideas..............................................................................................261

Chapter 11. Ways Of Walking...........................................................................263

Chapter 12. Ways of Talking.............................................................................265

Chapter 13. Ways of Looking............................................................................266

Chapter 14. Feelings.........................................................................................268

Chapter 15. Negative Feelings..........................................................................271

Chapter 16. Positive Feelings...........................................................................273

Chapter 17. Cause and Effect...........................................................................275

Chapter 18. Difficulties and Problems.....................................................................277

Chapter 19. Compare and Contrast...................................................................279

Chapter 20. Space and Time.............................................................................281

Chapter 21. Plans and Decisions......................................................................283

Chapter 22. Appearance...................................................................................285

Chapter 23. Body..............................................................................................286

Chapter 24. Life and Death...............................................................................287

Chapter 25. Clothes and Fashion.....................................................................288

Chapter 26. Food and Cooking.........................................................................290

Chapter 27. Weather and Climate....................................................................292

Chapter 28. Animals and Plants.......................................................................294

Chapter 29. Adverb Collocations..............................................................................296

Chapter 30. Phrasal Verb Collocations....................................................................302

Chapter 31. Secrets, Lies, and Conspiracies......................................................304

Chapter 32. Regulations and Authority.............................................................306

Chapter 33. The Environment...........................................................................308

Chapter 34. Travel and Tourism.......................................................................310

Chapter 35. Shopping and Customer Service...................................................312

Chapter 36. Books............................................................................................314

Chapter 37. Physics and Chemistry..................................................................316

 01
Chapter

Work
The first job that I landed after graduation was a temporary position in a local
school that had a high staff turnover. I was taken on as a ‘supply teacher’, and this
involved filling in for the teachers that were either off-sick or on maternity leave.
Having grown tired of doing menial tasks in dead-end jobs with very few
prospects, I thought some part-time work in a school would be a good way to get
my foot in the door of the teaching profession, a cushy number for several
reasons: teachers have long summer and winter holidays; they get/knock off work
rather early; they even receive a ‘golden hello’, in which the government agrees to
write off any outstanding student loans that the candidate may have accrued while
at university. Lastly, they have excellent opportunities for promotion and climbing
the career ladder. These perks drew me to the profession, but I soon realised that I
had seriously underestimated the workload; most of the time I was up to my
eyeballs in work. I had my work cut out just to get the class to settle down, open
their books, and focus on the board. Having been rushed off my feet all day, I had
to either attend pointless meetings, which dragged on for hours, or carry out run-of-
the-mill tasks, such as marking homework. Going out with my colleagues was
always fun, but they did have a tendency to talk shop. After a few weeks of
slogging my guts out, the lessons started going more smoothly because I came
up with activities for the kids off the cuff, and a busy child is an obedient child.
Nonetheless, I handed in my resignation just a couple of years after starting,
having found out that I was not cut out for working in schools.

land a job get a job

temporary job (short-
non permanent contract
term contract)

high staff turnover high rate of old staff being replaced by new staff

take sb on employ

fill in for sb cover for sb (do their job while they are absent)

on maternity leave absence from work granted to new mothers

menial tasks tasks that are low status or unskilled

dead-end job job with no prospects

very few prospects few opportunities to develop career

part-time work
opposite of full time work (40 hours per week or
(approximately 20 hours
more)
per week)

6 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 get taken on in a low level position, but with good
get your foot in the door
prospects

a cushy number an easy job with not much work

get/knock off work finish work

payment or welcome package used as an incentive to

golden hello
attract new staff

write off a debt cancel a debt

outstanding remaining

benefits that you receive as part of doing your job. E.g.

perks
company car

to be up to your neck/
to have a lot of work
ears/eyeballs in work

have your work cut out have sth very difficult to do

have a lot of work (be snowed under, be up to your

be rushed off your feet eyeballs/neck/ears in work, have your hands full,
have a lot on your plate, have a lot on the go)

drag on last longer than necessary (compare drag sth out for)

run-of-the-mill tasks menial tasks

talk shop talk about work in your free time (often negative)

slog your guts out work very hard (slave away, beaver away)

go smoothly to take place without any problems

off the cuff sth done without preparation (improvised)

hand in your resignation/ to officially resign (step down, stand down, pack sth
notice in)

not be cut out for sth not be capable of doing sth

Chapter 1 - Work 7
 A. Do these sentences make sense? Explain why or why not.
Answers on p. 222

1) The new job that I landed is a cushy number. I have been slogging my
guts out ever since they took me on.
2) Whenever I bump into one of my colleagues, they drone on about work, even
though that is the last thing I want to discuss. It’s so boring when people talk
shop.
3) We will need to get someone to cover for her while she is on maternity leave.
4) I would love to find a dead-end job that involved menial, run-of-the-mill
tasks and very few perks.
5) I agreed to work as a volunteer for three months, just to get my foot in the
door; these positions are in such high demand.
6) We have plenty of time to meet all of these deadlines, so we’ll have our work
cut out.
7) When they offered me a promotion, I was so delighted that I handed in my
resignation.
8) The company has a very high staff turnover, so they are obliged to constantly
take on new staff to cover the vacant positions.
Here are some short paragraphs with work-related expressions:

Several well-known feminists have spoken out against the firm’s executives,
claiming that the glass ceiling was preventing women from reaching positions at the
top of the career ladder. They also pointed out that a gender pay gap existed
between men and women in identical positions. They are now calling for women in
the company to go on strike in protest.

speak out against publicly criticize sb or sth (come out against sb/sth)

unacknowledged barrier that prevents women from reaching

glass ceiling
top positions in a firm

career ladder metaphor for job promotion

the difference between the average male and female salaries

gender pay gap
(for the same position)

go on strike refuse to come to work until working conditions improve

8 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

Thales of Miletus, also known as the first philosopher, is one of the earliest
examples we have of a businessman cornering a market. Astronomical
observations led Thales to predict that the summer would bring forth a huge crop of
olives. So, to prove to everyone that philosophy had a practical use, he bought up
all the olive presses in Miletus, hoping to let these out at exorbitant rates once
they were in high demand. There was a bumper crop of olives the following summer,
and Thales did a roaring trade.

gain control of entire stock of commodity in order to

corner a market
manipulate the price

buy sth up buy all or large quantities of sth

let sth out rent sth out

exorbitant rates astronomically high prices

do a roaring trade do good business i.e. make profits quickly

B. Complete the following sentences with an

appropriate
word Answers on p. 222

1) I think he’s an incompetent sales-manager. If he were sacked, we’d be doing

a roaring .
2) Our newest employee asked so many questions that the meeting dragged
for almost an hour.
3) We have gone to great lengths to ensure that there is no gender pay
_ and no ceiling.
4) We have an awful lot on the at the moment, so we’ll be
slogging our out for the rest of the month.
5) She got a promotion, and her new position included many perks and a
handsome .
6) The Hunt brothers the market in silver by accumulating
huge amounts of the metal.
7) The tuition fees for university are in comparison to the past.
(very expensive)

Chapter 1 - Work 9
 8) The Minister for Education spoke against those teachers that
had gone strike, claiming that working conditions in schools
had never been better.
If the company hadn’t laid off at least 50 employees, they would have gone belly
up. Managers went to great lengths to ensure that all those that were relieved of
their duties were given generous redundancy packages.

make sb redundant, let sb go i.e. sb loses their job

lay sb off
because company is cutting staff

go belly up go bust, go bankrupt, go to the wall

make great effort (go out of your way to do sth, go the

go to great lengths
extra mile for sb, )

relieve sb of their
sack sb, fire sb, dismiss sb (formal)
duties (formal)

redundancy payment and any other benefits that you receive when
package you are made redundant (laid off)

It is now common for teachers to have to go through a panel interview. Although

some may feel under more pressure with more eyes boring into them, others may
be more at ease knowing that several people are responsible for narrowing down
the list of candidates. Usually, they select the person who has a good track
record, good communication skills, and good team-working skills.

panel interview interview conducted by a group of people

under pressure in a stressful situation (under stress)

bore into stare into

narrow down (a
make a list smaller by eliminating the undesirables
list)

good track record good experience and impressive achievements

10 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

We pencilled in a meeting for the 15th, though this was put off until the 22nd, and
when this date came round, Peter called in sick. He did feel up to coming in to work
the next day, so eventually we got round to discussing the quarterly sales figures;
however, I was as tired of his excuses as I was of his poor results, so he was
sacked/ fired/dismissed at the end of the year.

pencil sb/sth in provisionally add to your timetable

put sth off postpone until a later date

warn your employer that you will be absent due to

call in (sick)
sickness

feel/be up to sth be capable of doing sth

get round to doing sth find the time to do sth important

be sacked/fired/
be relieved of your duties (lose your job)
dismissed

C. Complete the following sentences with an

appropriate
word Answers on p. 223

1) Several of the candidates have a good record, so it will be

no easy task to them down.
2) It took us four weeks to get to patching up all the bugs in the
software because we had been up to our with other tasks.
3) If you don’t up to working tomorrow, you ought to call
sick.
4) There has been gossip about redundancy , so it is looking more
and more likely that some staff members will be off.
5) Let’s pencil the next meeting for Wednesday afternoon at
3 o clock, but if anything crops up at the last minute, we can always put it off
until the following week.
6) We went to great to finish everything off by the 1 st of
March.
7) Panel interviews scare me; I hate the thought of so many eyes
into me.

Chapter 1 - Work 11
8) We lost a lot of staff members in 2018; a quarter of employees handed in
their and several more were of their
duties.

D. Which idioms do these pictures remind you of?

Answers on p. 223

1) When a company goes

up, this means that the company has
‘gone bust’ (or gone to the wall) in
informal speech, but more formally we
would say ‘gone bankrupt’.

2) She has been climbing the career

, but sadly she has
hit a glass ceiling, so she may pack in
her job next year and look for
something with better prospects.

3) Having worked in the school for

almost two years, I realised I was
not
for the
profession.

4) Let’s the
meeting for Saturday the 21st at
08:15 am. If you can’t make it for
any reason, let me know and we’ll

12 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 call it off..

Chapter 1 - Work 13
 Vocabulary analysis - cut

be cut out for a (profession) OR be cut

be capable of doing that job
out to be a (profession)

(compare feel/be up to doing be capable of doing a specific task)

something
have your work cut out (to do sth) have sth which is difficult to do

cut sb out of (the deal) exclude sb from the arrangement

cut sb in on (the deal) in sb in an arrangement

suddenly move in front of another

cut in on sb OR cut sb up
vehicle in a dangerous way

cut in on sb butt in (interrupt)

decrease your consumption of

cut down on sth
something bad

remove sth (from inside of sth) by

cut sth out of sth
cutting (e.g. cut sth out of a
newspaper)

get cut off get disconnected on the phone

remove sth (from edge of sth) by

cut sth off cutting (e.g. His head was cut off by
the executioner)

stop it! when someone is

cut it out
(used
annoying you)

E. Fill in the spaces with the correct Answers on p. 224

vocabulary
1) Not only am I not cut for the police force, but also I’m not cut
to be a fireman. I don’t have what it takes to do either of
these jobs.
2) Every time I try to explain something to him, he cuts on me; I
am sick and tired of being interrupted

14 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

3) Let’s cut the middleman. An intermediary is totally
unnecessary for this kind of deal.
4) We already have our hands full, so we’ll have our work cut to
finish all those tasks before the deadline.
5) The vehicle in the fast lane suddenly cut on me at great speed;
we were terrified.
6) Cut it ! When you tap your fingers it really gets on my nerves.
7) He cut the adverts out the magazine and stuck them in his
school project.
8) You ought to cut on smoking and drinking or else you’ll develop
high cholesterol.
9) I have come down with a nasty cold, so I don’t feel to going
into work.
10) Having been on the phone for more than 30 minutes, I got cut . So, I
immediately called him back.

F. Correct the mistakes with prepositions. Answers on p. 224

1) Teachers often knock out work at half past three.

2) Let’s pencil the meeting down for Thursday at 17:00.
3) The company had to lay up another 50 staff, or else they would have gone belly
up.
4) I didn’t feel up on going into work, so I called in sick.
5) We narrowed up the number of applicants to the three with the most relevant
experience, and we invited all of them for an interview.
6) The school took me in as a supply teacher, but I was given all the menial tasks.
7) It took me three weeks to get over to finishing that project.
8) If he doesn’t show up for work tomorrow, my colleagues and I will have to fill
out for him.
9) We have been so snowed under for the last few days, and it looks as
though we’ll be slogging our guts away for the next two weeks.
10) Our boss went over great lengths to talk us into working at the weekend. He
even offered us twice the going rate.
11) Would you pack out your job if the working conditions got any worse?
12) Do you think you are cut in for a job in the Royal Air Force?

Chapter 1 - Work 15
 G. Look at the images and fill in the gaps Answers on p. 225

1) Having picked up a nasty virus,

she didn’t to spending
a whole day in the office. Her nose
was blocked, and she had a
splitting headache. In the end, she
sick.

2) The company was about to go ,

so managers took the decision to lay
15 staff members. Anyone
without a good track record was
of their duties and given a
package.

3) I am so glad I this job;

it is such a number.
The include a company car, a
mobile phone, and the chance to
work remotely for most of the week.

H. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. Answers on p. 225

1) What was the first job that you after university? How did you get
your in the door? What position did they take you as?
What kind of salary did they offer you?
2) Describe the pros and cons of your current job. Is it a number
or a dead- job? What perks are included? What kind of menial

16 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 are there? Do the meetings drag ? What time do
you knock ? Are you often rushed off your ?
3) Do you know anyone who has been fired? On what grounds were they
? Have you ever handed in your ? Why did you do so?
Do you know anyone who has received a redundancy ?
4) Have you ever had a panel ? What was the most difficult
question? Did you feel under ? Did you land the job?
5) Have you ever on strike? Under what circumstances would you
decide to on strike?
6) Which companies have gone up recently? What were the
causes of the bankruptcy?
7) Which jobs are you not cut for? Which jobs have the most
attractive salaries?

I. Fill in the gaps with the missing Answers on p. 226

prepositions:
1) Our firm have just taken 10 new staff members as a result of the
massive surge in demand for our latest product.
2) The last few weeks have been really hectic; I have been rushed
my feet every single day
3) The vast majority of employees have gone strike, demanding better
working conditions and higher salaries.
4) Do you know when the next train to London arrives?
the top of my head, I think it’s 10:30, but I’m not sure.
5) Have you seen Peter?
He called in sick an hour ago; he doesn’t feel to coming into the
office. He was throwing up all night, so he needs to rest.
6) I’m not cut for life in the classroom. You need such a lot of patience to
deal with such a lot of children on a daily basis.
7) As always, our weekly meeting dragged for an hour more than we
had planned.
8) I was first taken on as a volunteer with a film crew, but the experience helped
me get my foot the door, so a year later I was offered a paid position.

Chapter 1 - Work 17
 J. Fill in the gaps with the missing Answers on p. 226
words:
1) He has been a lot of pressure to reach his sales targets, so that’s
why he looks so stressed out.
2) He’s a tremendously hard-working individual, one who will always bend
backwards to help out a colleague.
3) Jack called sick. He has a high temperature and he is worried he will
infect his colleagues.
4) The firm went belly during the financial crisis of 2008
5) We decided to bring the deadline for the completion of the project,
even though we knew that the early target was somewhat unrealistic.
6) Let’s pencil the next lesson for Wednesday the 2nd of December
7) Sorry, I have so much on my plate at the moment. I won’t get to
dealing with those reports until next week.
8) We need to narrow the list of candidates for the third round of
interviews.

18 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

Chapter 1 - Work 19
02
Chapter

Money
Back in our student days, many of us were living on the breadline, scrimping and
saving as much as we could. We had no choice but to run up huge debts, since
the living costs and tuition fees were so expensive. To make ends meet, we got by
on the cheapest food, only splashing out on restaurants and pubs when it was
someone’s birthday. Only those from well-off families, who could fall back on their
parents, spent the semesters living in the lap of luxury, but there were many of us
whose parents refused (or simply couldn’t afford) to bail us out. We had to
supplement our income with part-time jobs, interest-free overdrafts, and student
loans. Even though the conditions of the loan were attractive (the loan will be
written off if it remains unpaid for 30 years, low interest rate, the right to defer
repayment), many of us are still paying off these debts today, and we will be doing
so for many more years. I urge young people to carefully weigh up the pros and
cons of university. Not only are tuition fees astronomically high nowadays, but
also access to funding is virtually non-existent, and there is no right to defer
repayments. When we were at university, we received student grants, but students
of today must borrow heavily and still accept they will be living on a shoestring
budget for many years. There are plenty of degrees available that aren’t worth the
paper they’re printed on, so don’t just throw your money down the drain. Err on
the side of caution: choose a vocational course which is bound to lead to a
handsome salary further down the road.

live on the breadline have just enough money to get by

be economical with your spending (be frugal, thrifty,

scrimp and save
careful with money)

run up debts accrue many debts

make ends meet manage to survive, manage to pay all bills

get by on sth live on sth

pay large amount willingly (compare ‘fork out on

splash out on sth
sth’ spend large amount unwillingly)

fall back on sth resort to the support of sb or sth

live in the lap of luxury live extravagantly and luxuriously

bail sb out financially rescue

supplement sb’s income to add to sb’s income

20 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 small amount of credit bank will lend you at any time
interest-free overdraft
with 0 percent interest

write off (debts) cancel debts

a small percentage regularly added to the price of

low interest rate
repaying back a loan

defer repayment postpone (put off) repayment

pay sth off completely repay a loan

weigh up (pros and cons) carefully consider

astronomically high incredibly high (expensive, exorbitant)

a sum of money granted to a student which (unlike a

student grant
loan) does not require repayment

borrow heavily borrow a lot of money

live on a shoestring
get by on very little income
budget

not worth the paper

worthless
they’re printed on

throw your money down

waste money i.e. fritter it away
the drain/toilet

err on the side of caution to be on the safe side

a handsome salary a good salary

further down the road in the future

A. Complete the following sentences with an

appropriate
word, and then discuss the Answers on p. 227
questions.
1) Do you think that loans to developing countries should be written

? What effect would this have on the economy?

Chapter 2 - Money 21
22 Master Vocabulary - Workbook
2) If you were living on the line, how could you supplement your
income?
3) Do you know anyone living in the lap of ? What put them in this
position?
4) If you were earning a handsome salary, what would you splash
on?
5) Have you ever up large debts? Were you able to pay them ?
6) Would you be able to get on half your current salary? How would
your lifestyle change? Could you still make ends ?
7) Which professions earn a salary? Do you think they deserve to
be paid so highly?
8) Are university tuition fees astronomically in your country? Does a
university degree lead to a handsome salary, or are you often throwing your
money down the ?

Examine the following conversations about money:

I think you paid over the odds for that new computer. The going
PETER
rate for a model like that is roughly 500 pounds. I saw an identical
model online and it was going for a song.

Yeah, some online models have slashed their prices, but these models
JACK don’t come with a warranty, so I prefer to buy directly from the shop.

pay over the odds pay too much for sth (pay through the nose for sth)

the going rate the current typical cost of sth

go for a song be sold at a very low price

slash prices reduce prices

a guarantee (that if the item stops working, you will

a warranty
receive a replacement)

Chapter 2 - Money 23
 Have you seen the engagement ring that Martin has bought his
fiancée? It must have cost an arm and a leg. I’ve heard that they
SALLY:
are planning a no-expense-spared wedding too. Clearly, he has
money to burn!

Yeah, Martin came into a fortune when his uncle died. He’s fallen
head over heels in love with Lisa, so money is no object when it
CARL: comes to wedding preparations. He’s certainly rolling in it at the
moment, but if he carries on spending money like water, he’ll fritter
the inheritance away in a matter of months.

cost an arm and a leg cost an astronomically high price

expensive (because you splash out on the best

no-expense-spared
services)

have money to burn have lots of money

come into (a fortune) inherit (a lot of money)

head over heels in love madly and deeply in love with sb

money is no object money is not important

rolling in it have lots of money

fritter away waste money

in a matter of days/
in a surprisingly short time
months/years

B. Complete the following sentences with an

appropriate
word, and then discuss the Answers on p. 227
questions.
1) Have you ever paid over the for anything? What did you buy, and why
did you pay more than the rate?
2) At what time of year do shops tend to their prices?
3) If money were no , what would be your ideal holiday?

24 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

4) Have you ever been to a wedding that cost an and a ?
What did the happy couple out on?
5) If you came into a would you fritter the inheritance in
a matter of months, or would you put some for a rainy day?

What is Tony up to these days? I’ve heard on the grapevine that he’s
LISA set up a new business. Is it true?

Yes, and by all accounts, he’s raking it in. His company has very few
overheads: He has to fork out a lot each month to rent the business
IAN premises, but there are virtually no other business expenses. A
close friend of his called Tom chipped in half the starting capital, and
he remains a silent partner in the firm.

hear sth on the

hear a rumour
grapevine

rake it in make lots of money

overheads costs of running a business

fork out sth on sth pay large amount (sth) unwillingly on sth

business expenses costs of running a business

chip in contribute a share of the cost

a person who provides capital to the business but doesn’t

a silent partner
get involved in the running of the business

It’s almost January 31st, so we ought to sort out the tax returns.
Profits have skyrocketed recently, so I know we’ll have to cough up
TONY
much more than last year. Also, the banks will call in some of the
loans that we have taken out.

That’s true. And what’s more, we will need a much bigger office to
cope with the extra workload, so we will be shelling/forking out more
TOM
money on business expenses. Perhaps we should put aside some
savings in a separate account so that we are prepared for the extra
costs.

Chapter 2 - Money 25
 sort out organize or complete a task

to increase rapidly in price (opposite of plummet. Level

to skyrocket
off remain at same level)

cough up pay up (pay reluctantly)

call in loans demand immediate repayment of loans

shell out on sth fork out on sth

put sth aside (for a save sth (money or time) for the future (also put sth by, set
rainy day) sth aside, set sth by)

C. Complete the following sentences with an

appropriate
word, and then discuss the Answers on p. 228
questions.
1) Do you know anyone who is self-employed? Are they raking it
? Do you know how much they
shell on overheads and business
expenses each month?
2) Do you sort your own tax returns, or do you use an accountant?
3) Are you saving for anything at the moment? How much do you put
aside each month?
4) If you decided to up your own business, what kind of business would
it be?
5) Have house prices in your area skyrocketed or recently? Or have they
levelled ?

Vocabulary analysis

skyrocket / soar / surge plummet / plunge / crash

increase / gain / rise / improve drop / fall / decrease /

dwindle

26 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

edge up dip
level off, level out at

bottom at

peak at

to halve = divide by 2

to double = multiply by

2 to triple = multiply by 3

to quadruple = multiply by 4

to increase/rise/decrease/fall (from X) to Y, a rise/increase/fall/drop (from X) to

Y to increase by X, to decrease by X (over a period of time)

an increase of X, a decrease of X, a rise of X, a drop of X, a peak of X, a low point

of X to stand at X, to bottom (out) at X, to peak at X, to level out at X

D. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions: Answers on p. 228

The graph shows that

the last 12 years, average house
prices in the US have plummeted
roughly 120 thousand
dollars just under 40
thousand dollars. This stands in
marked contrast the real
estate market in France, which
skyrocketed 40 thousand
dollars 2009, reaching
a peak 120 thousand dollars
2018, then dropping rapidly approximately 50 thousand dollars
2021. Property prices in the UK have followed a remarkably similar trajectory,
climbing 60 thousand dollars 2009 __ 120 thousand
dollars 2018. 2018___________2021, prices fell 80
thousand dollars, reaching a bottom 45 thousand dollars.

Chapter 2 - Money 27
a/the number of COUNTABLE

a/the amount of UNCOUNTABLE

the number of the precise

number a number of a lot of

the amount of the precise

amount an amount of a lot of

E. Put a/the number or a(n)/the amount into the following

sentences: Answers on p. 228

1) £5000 is large of money.

2) Outside the station, on the other side of the street, of
rioters gathered.
3) There has been a considerable increase in of people who
have given up smoking.
4) There has been a slight drop in of burglaries in the
city centre.
5) of customers have complained about the shoddy
service at that restaurant.
6) 6) Judging by large of work piling up on his desk, he’s
clearly got his hands full.
7) vast of non-recyclable waste builds up at the disposal
centres.
tiny/slight/insignificant/minute/

minuscule small

steady/average/medium/moderate dramatic/significant/considerable/large

vast/huge/massive/tremendous

We can find these adjectives in all sorts of numerical

collocations:

a steady rise (of + number, in the price of

sth) a slight improvement on (last year’s

28 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

results)

Chapter 2 - Money 29
a moderate recovery

a dramatic rise/increase/gain (of + number, in the price of sth)

a slight/tiny/minuscule drop/fall/decrease (of + number, in the price of sth)

substantial/robust/strong OR slow/weak growth

an upward / downward trend

F. Comment on the following sentences using noun

andadjective combinations Answers on p. 229

Example: The company have splashed 500 000 out on new furniture for the office.

But that is a huge amount of money to spend on furniture.

1) The price of 1 Bitcoin has skyrocketed from a few dollars in 2009 to 20 000
dollars per Bitcoin in 2017.
2) Last year, I got 79% in my chemistry test, while this year I got 81%.
3) Walmart’s digital sales have been growing by 39% each year, for the past 10
years.
4) The price of gold plummeted from a peak of $1850 in 2012 to just $1200
5) House prices have dipped only 1% this year.

G. Use an idiom to describe each picture. Explain what the

idiom means.

A B

30 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 C D

E F

G H

H. Correct the collocation and phrasal verb errors in

thefollowing sentences: Answers on p. 230

1) We’ve been rolling in it since we won a fortune on the lottery. My wife came
up with the idea of forking out on a no-expense-spared trip to celebrate our
luck.
2) That new car of yours must have cost a leg and an arm! I see that money is no
object when you are buying a vehicle.
3) If you don’t compare prices in other shops, you will end up paying over the odds;
check out some other websites, or you risk throwing your money up the gutter.

Chapter 2 - Money 31
4) As he has recently come into a lot of money, he ought to put some aside for a
rainy day. It’s so easy to run through a huge sum quickly, and the last thing
he wants is to waste it all away in a matter of weeks.
5) We will have to splash out a great deal of money on taxes at the end of the
month, so we’ll be scrimping and saving for the next few weeks.

I. Do these sentences make sense? Explain why or why not.

Answers on p. 230

1) He’s been having trouble making ends meet; he must be rolling in it!
2) We decided to fork out thousands of pounds on a lovely no-expense-spared
Caribbean cruise, and it was worth every penny.
3) I heard on the grapevine that he came into a fortune when his uncle died, so I’m
sure he has money to burn.
4) The government will write off your student loan if you agree to pay it all off
further down the road.
5) I see that the going rate for an average laptop is about £500, so I think you paid
over the odds when you coughed up £700 for your one.
6) It is the January sales so loads of shops have slashed their prices; I saw
several items of clothing that were going for a song.
7) Preferring to err on the side of caution, I decided to fritter the money away.
8) I was extremely wealthy as a student, so money was no object for me, and I
spent those years living in the lap of luxury scrimping ans saving as much as
I could.

J. Rewrite the words in bold with idioms and phrasal

verbs
from this Answers on p. 231
chapter
1) He earns a lot of money, working as a defence lawyer in the Crown Court.
2) I heard a rumour that interest rates will remain at low levels for the next few
years, so now is a good time to take out a loan or mortgage.
3) He inherited a lot of money when his grandfather died; he ought to err on the
side of caution and put it aside for a year or two. If he doesn’t, he will waste it
all.
4) You splashed out on a new Ferrari?! That must have cost a fortune. I hope
you didn’t pay too much for it.

32 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 5) They fell madly and deeply in love, planning an extravagant wedding with a
honeymoon in the Caribbean.
6) If you keep wasting your money on nothing, your parents will need to
rescue
you financially. Do you really want to resort to their help?

K. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: Answers on p. 231

1) Having been searching for holidays all day, we have decided to

out on a no-expense-spared trip to Cornwall.
2) As a student, I supplemented my by working for the local council.
3) How long do you think it will take you to pay your student
loan? I am sure it will be at least 10 years.
4) He has borrowed heavily from several banks, running huge debts in
the process that he will never be able to pay off.
5) We don’t have many funds for the project, so we are doing everything
a shoestring budget
6) Unfortunately her husband has just been made redundant, so now they only
have one salary. They aren’t sure they’ll be able to
meet.
7) He came into a fortune when his uncle died, so now he is living in the

of luxury.
8) A lot of people think that university degrees in certain subjects, such as the
humanities, are not the paper they are printed on.

L. Fill in the gaps with the missing Answers on p. 232

prepositions:
1) Have you ever taken a loan that you haven’t been able to pay back?
2) Do you think the price of gold will bottom at 1800 dollars, or do you
think it could plummet even further?
3) If you came a fortune, would you fritter the money away in a matter
of minutes, or would you put most of it aside for a rainy day?
4) Do you sort your own tax returns, or do you have an accountant?
5) Have you ever paid the odds for an item? What was it, and what is
the going rate for such an item? How much did they overcharge you?
6) I think you’re paying the nose for those tennis lessons. The going
rate is about half of what you are forking out.

Chapter 2 - Money 33
 7) I heard a rumour on the grapevine that he has set a new
business with negligible overheads.
8) At the end of the night, we all went on a large pizza costing £20. There
were four of us, so we each chipped in £5.

M. Fill in the gaps with the missing Answers on p. 232

prepositions:
1) When I was a teenager, every week I put £5 so that I could afford to
go on the skiing trip with my classmates. I was earning money as a paperboy,
and £5 was about half of my weekly wages.
2) Pundits have suggested that the price of oil will have peaked 180
dollars by the third quarter of this year.
3) There has been a modest rise 1-2% house prices.
4) The cost of a loaf of bread has increased more than 50%
5) Our profits this year are a slight improvement last year’s.
6) The kids flatly refused to share, so I had to shell on 2 hotel rooms in
the end.
Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct?

7)
a) The number of cars on the road have dramatically increased.
b) The number of cars on the road has dramatically increased.
c) A number of cars on the road have dramatically increased.
d) A number of cars on the road has dramatically increased.
8)
a) I have lost count of the amount of times that I have heard this word being
used incorrectly.
b) I have lost count of the number of times that I have heard this word being
used incorrectly.
c) I have lost count of a number of times that I have heard this word being used
incorrectly.
d) I have lost count of an amount of times that I have heard this word being
used incorrectly.

34 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

03
Chapter

Crime
 Vocabulary analysis

CRIME CRIMINAL VERB

arson arsonist to set fire to sth

assault assailant to assault sb, beat sb up

blackmail blackmailer to blackmail

bribery to bribe

to burgle (to break into

burglary burglar
sw)

drug dealing (drug

drug dealer to sell/deal/traffic drugs
trafficking)

fraud to commit fraud

kidnapping kidnapper to kidnap

mugging (theft with

mugger to mug
threat of violence)

rape rapist to rape

robbery robber to rob sb or sw

sexual harassment to harass

smuggling smuggler to smuggle

to hijack planes, set off

terrorism terrorist
bombs

theft thief to steal sth

Note that you rob someone or somewhere, but you steal something. Please also
remember that theft and stealing are general words. For more specific types of
stealing, we can say pickpocket, shoplifter, mugger, and burglar.

34 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 A. Match the crimes above with the following descriptions:
Answers on p. 233

1) In the dead of night, the 3 men rowed quietly onto the beach and unloaded 20
large boxes full of untaxed whiskey.
2) Having broken into their old school, the teenagers set fire to some books and
ran away as soon as the fire got out of control.
3) He leers at her, makes lewd remarks in her presence, and he was even
groping her at the Christmas party.
4) While we were away on holiday, someone managed to climb through an open
window; unfortunately, they stole everything they could get their hands on.
5) We had photos of the Foreign Minister in a compromising position with his
unacknowledged lover, so we threatened to send the photos to the
newspaper if he didn’t hand over 1 million pounds.
6) There was compelling evidence that the suspect had paid the policeman some
money, and this was why the officer had turned a blind eye to his crimes.
7) The youngster was abducted while he was on his way to school, and the
perpetrators are now demanding a ransom of 1 million pounds for his safe
release.
8) The culprit threatened to beat me up if I didn’t give him my wallet and my
phone.
9) The victim was taken to a remote location and then forced to have sex.
10) The accountant was sending some of the profits into his own personal account.
11) Having bought the cocaine and ecstasy, he would sell these on to other dealers.
At the weekend, three masked men held up the post office in broad daylight and
made off with almost £10000. In the wake of this crime, several witnesses came
forward, describing all three perpetrators as tall and well-built. The police also
received an anonymous tip-off that led them to find the getaway vehicle. The car
had been stolen at gunpoint a few days before the robbery took place. The bank-
robbers, armed with a shotgun and two pistols, demanded that the bank staff hand
over all the cash that was kept in the safe. They also threatened to do away with 3
customers, who happened to be in the wrong place at the wrong time, if they
didn’t turn over their wallets and valuables. The crime rate is soaring; this is the
third robbery in the local area in the last month, so the authorities are under
tremendous pressure to step up their efforts and make some arrests.

Chapter 3 - Crime 35
 hold sw up rob sw (post office, bank)

in broad daylight in the middle of the daylight

make off with sth escape with sth, run away with sth

in the wake of in the aftermath of

come forward get in touch with authorities (usually police)

perpetrator person responsible for the crime (culprit is a synonym)

information concerning a crime but where the source

an anonymous tip-off
of the information withholds his true identity

getaway vehicle vehicle in which criminals escape

at gunpoint using a gun to threaten sb

armed with sth carrying the following weapons

hand sth over give

do away with sb kill (informal)

in the wrong place at

to be in an awful predicament by chance
the wrong time

turn over hand over

soaring (crime rate,

rapidly increasing
prices)

step up their efforts try harder

Three teenagers who can’t be named for legal reasons have been arrested and
charged with being in possession of a deadly weapon. The three boys were
stopped and searched on their way home from school. Rifling through their
backpacks, police officers were shocked to discover a large knife in each pupil’s
bag. The boys claimed to have been carrying the offensive weapons in self-
defence. Nonetheless, the authorities have been promising to clamp down on knife
crime, so they don’t want to appear too lenient to the public. Therefore, it is highly
likely that all three boys

36 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

will receive a custodial sentence, which may mean they will be put away in a young
offenders’ institute, for a short period of time.

be charged with be formally accused of a crime and taken into custody

be in possession of have (formal)

stop sb and search their person for sth (e.g. drugs or

stop and search
weapons)

go through a number of items that are in a bag, box,

rifle through
drawer etc.. (compare sift through and go through)

offensive weapons objects capable of harm

restrict the law in regards to sth (synonyms include come

clamp down on sth
down on sth / crack down on sth)

lenient opposite of harsh or severe. E.g. a lenient prison sentence

a sentence which involves being taken into custody

a custodial sentence
(usually means a prison sentence)

to put sb away for to imprison sb for a crime (send sb down for sth is a
sth synonym)

a young offenders’
a prison for offenders younger than 18
institute

B. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases

andidioms about Answers on p. 234
crime.
1) The authorities are asking for bystanders to get in touch, hoping to get a
good description of the man who is responsible for this crime.
2) In the aftermath of three stabbings in the city centre, politicians have
promised to restrict the law for anyone caught carrying a deadly weapon.
Some have even suggested that prison sentences of less than 1 year are not
severe enough.
3) In the middle of the day, three armed robbers escaped with more than
30000 pounds in cash, having robbed the local post office with pistols.

Chapter 3 - Crime 37
 4) Police received information from an unknown source concerning an attack
on a politician. As a result, a man carrying a knife as a weapon has been
arrested, but he claims to have been coincidentally there, at that moment.
5) The crime rate has been high for several months, so the public would like to
see the police make more of an effort to bring the perpetrators to justice,
and to see the courts hand out less tolerant sentences.
6) The boys were taken aside and checked; as the police were going through
their pockets, they discovered two deadly objects.
Police are on the lookout for a con-artist who specializes in taking in the elderly
and the vulnerable. The culprit has been described as bald, lanky, in his mid-30s
and speaking with a thick south-west accent. So far, he has cheated 4 pensioners
out of their life savings by making out that he is an employee of their bank. Firstly,
he calls the pensioner at home to gain their confidence and prepare them for his
upcoming visit. Secondly, he swings by and asks them to fill in a form; the form is full
of questions that ask for all sorts of personal details, including bank account details.
As soon as the victim hands over all his personal information, the account is
emptied.

be on the be actively looking for sb (keep your eyes peeled for sb,
lookout for sb keep an eye out for sb informal)

take sb in deceive

culprit perpetrator

take sth (money) from sb in an unfair way (synonyms

cheat sb out of sth
include diddle sb out of sth / do sb out of sth)

make out that pretend that (sometimes we say ‘put on that..’)

gain sb’s
gain sb’s trust
confidence

swing by pop by, pop round, drop by, drop round (visit briefly)

So far, 3 men have been taken into custody in connection with the murder. The
first man was able to provide a watertight alibi for the night in question. The second
man is still waiting for police to corroborate his alibi. But the third man is still being
interrogated by police, and he remains the prime suspect. Fingerprints found at
the scene of the crime provide compelling evidence that the assassin had an
accomplice.

38 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 be taken
be put into a police cell or into prison
into custody

compelling evidence you were not at the crime scene

watertight alibi when the crime happened (bulletproof alibi, cast-iron alibi
are synonyms)

corroborate verify, confirm

interrogate question sb (usually a suspect)

prime suspect suspect most likely to have committed the crime

compelling persuasive evidence (similar collocations are overwhelming

evidence / irrefutable evidence)

accomplice sb who helps a criminal

C. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases

andidioms about
Answers on p. 234
crime.
1) The man was arrested and put into a police cell. Later, he will be
questioned by detectives, and if he doesn’t have convincing proof that he
was somewhere else, he will probably be charged.
2) The authorities have asked the public to keep an eye out for a pickpocket
and his assistant. The assistant asks the victim for directions, pretending
that he is a tourist from out of town, while his associate rifles through the
victim’s pockets.
3) Many people have been deceived by online fishing scams. The criminals
gain your trust by sending an email which contains your bank’s logo. If you
hand over your account details, they can unfairly take away all your savings.
4) The man who is most likely guilty has been described as 6 feet tall and
rather thin. The authorities would like to verify his whereabouts on the night
in question.

Chapter 3 - Crime 39
 Firstly, the crime is committed. Here
we see a thief committing burglary. He
must have broken into someone’s home
and stolen two laptops. He is wearing a
balaclava so that witnesses won’t be
able to identify him.

commit a crime, commit burglary

(NOT do a crime)

break into sw illegally enter a

locked place

witness person who sees

crime

Here, we see that a suspect has been

arrested (he is wearing handcuffs), and
he is now being interrogated. If the police
find sufficient evidence, they may
charge him with burglary, and he will
have a trial in court.

handcuffs metal chain used to

restrain criminals

evidence proof of suspect’s

participation in crime

charge sb formally accuse sb of

committing a crime

a trial a formal investigation

into the guilt of the
suspect (takes place in
a courtroom)

40 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 In court, the defence lawyer will try to
provide evidence that his client is innocent.
The prosecution lawyer will try to
persuade the jury members that the
defendant is guilty. Once the jury members
have given their verdict (guilty or not guilty),
the judge decides on the punishment, or the
defendant is acquitted.

court the room in which the trial takes place

defence lawyer,
lawyers who defend and prosecute the suspect in court
prosecution lawyer

12 people who decide whether suspect is guilty or not

jury members
guilty (the verdict)

the accused (the suspect who has been charged with

defendant
committing a crime)

verdict decision of jury (guilty or not guilty)

acquitted released from custody

UK courts

In the UK, there are two types of court: a magistrates’ court, which deals with petty
crimes, such as drink driving, petty theft and disorderly conduct; and a Crown Court,
which deals with major offences, such as rape, murder and robbery. The
magistrates’ court can only impose prison sentences of up to 6 months for a single
offence and 12 months for multiple offences. In most cases the accused will receive
a non-custodial punishment, such as a fine, a driving ban, or community service.
For more serious offences, the defendant must be tried in a Crown Court, which will
usually include a judge and a jury. The jury members must decide whether the
accused is guilty or not guilty, and they base their verdict on the evidence
presented during the trial. If the witnesses are unreliable, or if the evidence has
been tampered with, the accused will

Chapter 3 - Crime 41
perhaps be acquitted. If the accused is found guilty, then the judge will have to
decide on the type of punishment. Sometimes the defence lawyers will convince
the judge that mitigating factors played a role in the crime, and these may lessen
the severity of the punishment. Occasionally a man is arrested on trumped-up
charges, and the prosecution lawyers are able to convince the judge and jury of the
innocent man’s guilt. When an innocent man is sent down for a crime which they
did not commit, we call this a miscarriage of justice. The defendant has the right
to appeal against the sentence or the conviction.

petty crimes minor offences

major offences major crimes

prison sentence (of 5 a punishment in which you are put in prison

years)

the accused the man who is accused of committing the crime

(defendant is a synonym)

a fine a financial penalty

a driving ban not allowed to drive for a period of time (a form of

punishment)

community service a form of punishment in which the criminal must

work in the local community.

a judge man who decides the form of punishment in a court

of law

a jury 12 people who decide whether the accused is

innocent or guilty

guilty / not guilty two possible verdicts that the jury can choose for
the defendant

verdict the ‘guilty’ or ‘not guilty’ decision that the jury

members must give

unreliable witnesses people who claim to have seen the crime but who
are not trustworthy

42 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 tamper with sth manipulate sth (often evidence)

to be acquitted to be set free by a court of law (to be found not

guilty)

defence lawyers lawyers representing the accused

mitigating factors reasons for the criminals behaviour that lessen

the severity of the crime (extenuating
circumstances is a synonym)

be arrested on trumped- be arrested due to untrue or unjust accusations that

up charges were groundless

innocent not guilty

to send sb down for sth to put sb away for sth

commit crimes carry out an illegal act (never say ‘make crimes’ or
‘do crimes’. Always say ‘commit crimes’, ‘commit
burglary’, ‘commit suicide’)

miscarriage of justice a mistake in the legal process where an innocent

man is mistaken for a guilty one.

to appeal formally contest a court decision

D. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases

andidioms about Answers on p. 235
crime.
1) One of the most famous mistakes of the legal process involved a whole
family accused of making bombs for a terrorist organization. In spite of the fact
that the police had clearly manipulated the evidence, the family members
were put on trial for terrorism and found guilty. Even the two youngest
members were put in prison for 8 and 9 years.
2) The culprit is unlikely to receive a prison sentence for such a minor offence.
It seems more likely that he will either be given a financial penalty or do
unpaid work in his local area.

Chapter 3 - Crime 43
3) Twelve ordinary people decide if you are guilty or not guilty, and the
leader of the court decides what your punishment will be.
4) He was arrested on the basis of groundless accusations, and then taken
to court. However, his attorneys showed compelling evidence that he had
nothing to do with the crime, so the defendant was set free.
5) The judge decided to be lenient, as he could see that several extenuating
circumstances had played a role in the crime.

E. Choose the correct collocation. Answers on p. 235

1) The prosecution lawyer demonstrated that the defendant must have

tampered/ manipulated with the evidence.
2) If the jury find him guilty, he will probably receive a fairly lenient punishment,
such as community/social service.
3) He was hoping to be acquitted, but the jury found him guilty, and he was
sent/ put away for 5 years.
4) If a young person commits a serious offence, he might be given a custodial
sentence, which usually means spending time in a young
offenders’/criminals’ institute.
5) If you are caught in possession of drugs or firearms at the border, you will
probably be sent/put down for smuggling.
6) He was arrested on trumped/made-up charges, but the jury quickly found
him not guilty as the evidence was blatantly unreliable.

F. Correct the mistakes with prepositions Answers on p. 235

1) He was arrested for murder, but really he was in the wrong place in the wrong
time. I think the jury will see this and he will be acquitted.
2) He finds it very easy to take in the elderly; he cheated his latest victim off of
his life savings in a couple of days.
3) The robbers threatened the bank teller in gunpoint, and the bank teller handed
over more than £20000.
4) As rates of mugging in the city-centre are soaring, the government has
promised to clamp down in theft and violent crime.
5) The accused made up that he was an employee of the bank in order to gain
entry to the property.

44 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 6) The murderer’s accomplice has also been identified, and he was taken in
custody last week.

G. Complete each sentence using one word. Answers on p. 236

1) The prosecution failed to prove beyond all reasonable doubt that the witness
was unreliable, and this is why the defendant was .
2) The suspect had a watertight alibi, so the police had to release him.
3) The three assailants wearing balaclavas were with knives.
4) He was taken into on trumped-up charges; a week later, he was
released.
5) When the police his wife, she corroborated his alibi.

H. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences

Answers on p. 236

1) She through her bag,

looking for her purse. In the end,
she fished it out.

2) The attacker mugged the young lady

at . He made off with
expensive jewellery and 500 pounds
in cash.

Chapter 3 - Crime 45
 3) The prime suspect was for
2 hours, but the police were unable to
drag a confession out of him.

4) The 12 members of the jury

reached a unanimous verdict of .
The judge the accused
to five years in prison. The defence
lawyers plan to on behalf of
their client.

Answers on p. 236

I. Fill in the gaps and discuss the following questions

1) What do you think of the police and ( judicial) system in your country?
2) Have you ever been the victim of a crime or (seen) a crime?
What happened?
3) At what age should a person be (accountable) for his actions?
What forms of punishment are suitable for young offenders who (carry
out) petty crimes?
4) Have you ever been to court? Do you know anyone who has been to court?
5) Should the penalty (capital punishment) exist for serious crimes?
6) Do you think everyone should have the (legal permission) to
possess a gun?
7) Should the (injured party) of crime be allowed to defend themselves?
8) Which crimes are common in your area? How do you think the authorities
should (deal with) these crimes?
9) Do you think prison should punish or (improve person)?

46 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 J. Fill in the gaps with the missing Answers on p. 237
words:
1) Which crime involves fire to something? (arson!)
2) The detectives have found compelling evidence that the prime suspect was
responsible for setting a bomb in the city centre, which resulted in the
death of an innocent bystander.
3) There were no signs of entry, so the police have concluded that the
victim might have known the assailant and let him in through the front door.
4) In the wake of the robbery, 2 witnesses have forward and given
their statements to the police.
5) 3 men have been arrested under suspicion of holding the post office
in broad daylight.
6) Which crime involves the use of photos and videos to extract
money from someone? (blackmail!)
7) The defendant got a 3-year prison sentence for trafficking
substances.
8) The two culprits broke into the property in the dead of night, knowing that
no one was inside, and made with more than 50 000 pounds worth’
of stolen goods.

K. Fill in the gaps with the missing Answers on p. 237

words:
1) The burglar was caught red-handed, rifling the victim’s
belongings when she opened the front door.
2) The local courts are clamping pickpockets, imposing
custodial sentences on persistent and prolific offenders.
3) The con-man targeted elderly, vulnerable victims, their
confidence by claiming to be a local councillor.
4) All 3 juveniles were charged being possession of a
deadly weapon.
5) The accused was found guilty of a brutal assault on an elderly man, but the
courts decided that a (not harsh) punishment would be best, so he
got a suspended sentence rather than a custodial sentence.
6) The mugger forced the victim gunpoint to hand over both his wallet
and his watch. He is described as being more than 6 feet tall, with gangly
arms, a double chin, and a scar on his right cheek.

Chapter 3 - Crime 47
 7) The local authorities have stepped their efforts to crack down on the
soaring crime rate by putting more bobbies on the beat.
‘Bobbies on the beat’ policemen on the street (a bobby is an old informal word
for a policeman)

8) You should always be the lookout for ‘phishing scams’ when you check
your emails. These are emails, sent by fraudsters, which make that they
are from your bank or your PayPal account.

L. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: Answers on p. 238

1) There is compelling evidence that the murderer must have had an

who drove him away from the scene of the crime.
2) The police have been unable to corroborate the prime suspect’s alibi
the night in question.
3) Perhaps as a result of the unreliable witness testimony, the jury
the defendant not guilty, and his acquittal has come as a massive relief to his
family and friends.
4) The accused claims that the police the illicit substances in his car as
this would give them an excuse for a more thorough search of his property.
5) Even though the police certainly have their suspicions about the identity of
the perpetrator, they don’t have enough evidence to bring the case to .
6) He was convicted of drink driving, and he received a 2-year driving .
7) He was convicted of fraud, though the judge did acknowledge there were
several circumstances that demanded a more lenient sentence.
8) There were allegations that the accused had with the evidence,
but under cross-examination by the prosecution, the allegations were shown
to be groundless.

48 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

04
Chapter

Health
 treat sb give them medicine in an attempt to help sb

a wound or injury
dry up, seal up and get better
can heal

when a spiritual or religious person uses the supernatural

heal sb
to make you get better

cure sb (a cure) treat sb successfully (so that the person completely

recovers)

A. Insert the words into the following Answers on p. 240

sentences
1) Unfortunately, the surgeon made a mistake during the operation, and cut
open her shin with the scalpel. The cut is deep, and will take weeks to .
2) The patient was diagnosed with a rare form of cancer. Doctors his
disease with chemotherapy, but sadly the patient didn’t pull through.
3) The preacher walked among the congregation, asking for the sick to come
forward. Two men were brought on stretchers, and he passed his hands over
both men with his eyes closed in concentration, in an effort to them.
4) The experts thought that the patient would be blind for the rest of his life, but
after a 3-week course of injections, his power of sight returned. He had been
completely of his terrible affliction.

break a bone the bone breaks

fracture a bone the bone cracks (fractures)

dislocate a bone the bone moves out of position

If you break a bone, you arm or leg might be put in plaster (a hard case that protects
the limb). plaster = uncountable

If you cut yourself, you may use a plaster (a small sticky patch to protect the cut)

plaster = countable

If you cut or burn yourself badly, you may need a bandage (a small roll of cloth that is
wrapped around the injury)

50 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 After the assault, the victim was bruised
and battered; there was a dull ache in her
arms and a sharp pain in her ribs.

beaten up (a
bruised and bruise is a
battered purple/blue/ brown
mark on the skin)

a chronic and
a dull ache persistent pain
(and not very
local)

localized intense
a sharp pain
pain. Possibly brief

A painful lump appeared on his neck, so he

made an appointment to see his GP.

a painful lump a large swelling

that hurts. Often
a sign of a serious
illness

make an arrange a meeting

appointment with your doctor

GP a local doctor

There was a gaping wound to the left

temple, so the doctor decided that the
injury needed stitching up.

a gaping wound a cut or injury that

leaves the skin
wide open

to stitch an injury to close a wound

up using stitches

Chapter 4 - Health 51
 The adverse effects of this medicine
include an itchy rash, profuse
sweating, and drowsiness.

side effects
adverse
(unwanted effects
effects
from a medicine)

an area of red
an spots on the skin,
itchy which is
rash uncomfortable, so it
needs scratching

profuse
lots of perspiration
sweating

sleepiness
drowsiness
(adjective drowsy)

His trainers were excruciatingly

painful; they rubbed against the back
of his heels, and his right foot became
badly blistered. In future, he ought to
put a plaster on his heel.

excruciatingly extremely painful,

painful agonizing

many blisters.
Blisters are skin
badly
injuries that result
blistered
from burns and
friction.

a small sticky
patch used to
a plaster
cover and
protect small
cuts

52 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 B. Do the following sentences make sense? Why or why not?

Answers on p. 240

1) The victim had been stabbed in the chest, so the doctors put a plaster on the
gaping wound.
2) The surgeons cured him for 3 hours, but sadly the patient died from his wounds.
3) One of the symptoms of appendicitis is a sharp pain below the ribs.
4) Arms covered in an itchy rash, the young boy was sent to the school nurse.
She wrapped one arm in bandages, but put the other arm in plaster.
5) His arms and face had been badly burned by the firework; blisters covered most
of the skin, and it took months for them to heal.
6) It was freezing that day, so must of us were sweating profusely.
7) His broken leg was put in plaster so that the bone would be protected as it
healed.
8) I’ve been feeling drowsy all day, so I am ready to party all night.
On the penultimate day of my holiday in Turkey, a small black creature latched onto
my skin and began to doggedly burrow underneath. The creature was a black tick, a
parasite and arachnid that feeds off the blood of large mammals, including humans.
Unfortunately, the small and nimble arachnid often carries the bacterium that
spreads Lyme’s disease, or the virus that causes encephalitis. The symptoms of
Lyme’s disease include fatigue; achy, swollen, and stiff joints; a large red rash,
located near the bite, that doesn’t itch; splitting headaches, dizziness and fever;
and lastly, insomnia and profuse sweating at night. On finding the little rascal
digging into my skin, I squeezed the parasite between the tips of my nails and
ripped it out. That very night, my wife and my son came down with flu; they were
sneezing, coughing and wiping their runny noses all night. The flight back was the
hardest part of the trip as all of us were still feeling nauseous. On the first day back
in the UK, I couldn’t go back to work as I was still throwing up and I had diarrhea. I
couldn’t get an appointment to see my GP, so the nurse at the local clinic advised
me to go to the Accident and Emergency Unit at the local hospital, Here, I was
able to discuss my symptoms with a doctor, and he told me it was unlikely that I had
contracted encephalitis or picked up any other kind of tick-borne disease. He
thought it more likely that flu had simply gone round the family members.
Nonetheless, I was prescribed powerful antibiotics simply to be on the safe side.
The course lasts 21 days, and side effects include vomiting and skin problems.
Unfortunately, I did break out in a rash, and the glands in my neck swelled up. I
have no doubt that these were adverse reactions to the antibiotic. While my
symptoms dragged on for the entire 3 weeks that I was taking the tablets, my wife
and son’s symptoms cleared up after just a few days.
Chapter 4 - Health 53
 become firmly attached to sth (cling onto sth is very
latch onto sth
similar)

gain strength, energy or nutrition from sth (synoyms

feed off sth
include feed on sth / live on sth)

bacterium singular form of bacteria

spread widely distribute

fatigue exhaustion

achy joints pain where the bones meet (e.g. knees, elbows)

swollen joints the joints are larger than usual, often because of bruising

stiff joints the joints have very little mobility

a rash small red spots on the surface of the skin

a feeling of discomfort that makes you want to scratch the

itch
surface of the skin

splitting headache migraine (an excruciating headache)

dizziness a feeling that your head is spinning

insomnia the inability to fall asleep

profuse sweating lots of perspiration (for example, when we are hot)

dig into to press hard into an object

rip sth out take sth out violently (tear sth out is a synonym)

come down with sth fall ill with sth, catch sth, pick sth up

a nose that is constantly dripping with mucus (also ‘my

runny nose
nose is running’) compare with ‘a blocked nose’

nauseous feeling sick (nausea noun)

throw up vomit

54 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 an illness where our solid waste becomes more liquid
have diarrhea
and we need the toilet more often

make an
appointment with arrange a meeting with your local doctor
the GP

Accident and
a department of the hospital that deals with emergencies
Emergency Unit

contract sth, pick

come down with sth (fall ill with sth)
sth up

go round spread (diseases go round / spread)

be
prescribed be advised to take a certain medicine
medicine /
antibiotics

to be on the safe
to avoid any risk
side

side effects adverse reactions to a medicine or drug

vomit throw up

when a rash suddenly appears on the skin (break out in a

break out in a rash
sweat is also possible)

your glands get bigger (often refers to the lymph glands

glands swell up
in the neck)

last for (used when something lasts for longer than we

drag on for
want)

symptoms clear up symptoms disappear

Chapter 4 - Health 55
 C. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases
andidioms about health.
Answers on p. 241

1) When you take this antibiotic, there are a number of side effects you may
experience, including a spinning head, lots of perspiration, and
excruciating migraines. Exhaustion could be a problem, and your legs
and arms may be less mobile.
2) When I twisted my ankle, the joint was much larger than usual, so I put some
ice on the bruise and made an appointment to see the local doctor.
3) The parasite firmly attaches itself to the skin of the animal, and then gains
nutrition from the blood of its host.
4) If you keep taking the medicine that the doctor advised for a few more days,
the symptoms will disappear by the end of the week.
5) Some experts claim that the bubonic plague, also known as the black death,
was widely distributed by fleas or rats, but others dispute these
controversial theories.
6) I caught a nasty virus last week. The symptoms included throwing up, a
sick feeling in the stomach, and frequent trips to the toilet.

Sporting injuries
Football is far more dangerous than people suppose. I love the game, but when I
think of all the broken ribs, fractured bones, dislocated shoulders, and torn
muscles, I do question how beneficial it is for the health. If players don’t warm up
before the match, they are likely to pull a muscle, and if they get too tired, it’s easy
to twist your ankle. When challenging other players in the air, players’ heads often
collide with great force, so concussions are also common. The most common
injuries are broken bones, and the more severe injuries could require a leg or arm
to be put in plaster, in which case crutches, or even a wheelchair, may be
necessary.

broken ribs the breaking of the bones in the chest

fractured bones the cracking of the bones

dislocated
the forcing of a bone into the wrong position
shoulder

56 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 the tearing of a muscle so that it is excruciatingly painful to
torn muscles
move

do some light exercise (usually before strenuous exercise) in

warm up
order to make the body more flexible

the straining of a muscle (or ligament) so that it is

pull a muscle excruciatingly
painful to move
twist your ankle damage to the muscle or ligament around the ankle

concussion an injury to the brain caused by a head trauma

severe injuries serious injuries

put (an arm / leg) to place injured arm or leg into a hard covering so that the
in plaster (cast) bones heal in the correct position

underarm supports that aid walking (used when your leg is

crutches
broken)

wheelchair a chair on wheels

Heart Attack
Doubling over in excruciating agony, the poor man felt a sharp pain in his chest.
This was accompanied by a shortness of breath and a persistent rasping cough.
The more out of breath that he felt, the lighter he felt in the head, and an
overwhelming sense of anxiety came over him. He reached out to the phone to
call for an ambulance, but passed out before he was able to dial the number.

bend over in pain or in laughter (synonyms include keel over,

double over
double up)

excruciating
unbearable pain
agony

Chapter 4 - Health 57
 a pain localized in one area, and possibly brief. Opposite of ‘a
a sharp pain
dull pain/ache’ which is less localised and longer lasting

a shortness
difficulty breathing, a feeling of being out of breath
of breath

a persistent
a constant, harsh-sounding cough
rasping
cough

out of breath short of breath

light in the head a dizzy sensation

overwhelming
a powerful feeling or nervousness and apprehension
sense of
anxiety

when a feeling coves over you, it becomes so powerful that it

come over
takes control of all your thoughts

call for an
call the emergency services
ambulance

pass out lose consciousness (faint and black out are also synonyms)

D. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases

andidioms about health.
Answers on p. 241

1) If you turn very quickly while doing an intense sport, there is a danger you will
damage the joint between the foot and the leg.
2) When they jumped up to head the ball, their heads collided, and they both
suffered from head trauma. The referee had to call the emergency services,
as one of them lost consciousness.
3) His leg was put in a hard covering, and he had to use underarm supports
for a couple of months.
4) Bending over in unbearable pain, he clutched at his chest, feeling dizzy and
unable to breathe.
5) It’s always a good idea to stretch all the muscles and ligaments before doing
any sport.

58 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

Chapter 4 - Health 59
 6) Sweating profusely, his heart beating faster and faster, he walked further into
the dark forest. A strong feeling of apprehension slowly started to
overpower him.

A Stroke
The are several tell-tale signs of a stroke. A stroke is caused by a restriction of the
brain’s blood supply, which can be caused by a blood vessel bursting or a blood
clot. Having high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes increases the risk
of a stroke. The tell-tale symptoms include a drooping smile, a weakness in one
arm, and slurred speech. Only one in six strokes are fatal, so most people who
suffer a stroke will pull through in the following few months.

a serious condition where one side of the brain malfunctions

have a stroke
due to a reduced blood supply

burst blood
damage t o a vein or artery
vessel

the clumping together of blood that blocks the blood vessel

blood clot
causing problems for blood circulation

high high pressure in the blood vessels making it hard for the
blood heart to pump the blood around the body (hypertension)
pressure

high cholesterol high levels of a specific type of fat found in the blood

a condition in which the body’s ability to produce insulin is

diabetes
impaired

a drooping smile a smile that falls on one side of the face

speech which is indistinct (the words run into each other)

slurred speech
For example, when someone is drunk. Verb to slur

pull through completely recover

60 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

A Lump
It was after New Year that I discovered, upon glancing in the mirror, that a large
lump had sprouted up under my jaw, on the left-hand side. I noticed that the lump
swelled up whenever I was wolfing down my food, and I noticed that the swelling
went down again after I had gobbled everything up. Taking one look at me, a
friend of mine who worked in medicine told me exactly what was wrong, and exactly
what I had to do. Firstly, the problem stemmed from a small stone that had formed
inside my saliva gland. The stone had blocked up this gland, so when I got hungry
and produced more saliva, the lump would swell up with blocked saliva. The swelling
went down after eating because then I was not producing saliva. In order to treat
the lump, she recommended that I suck on a sweet. She explained that sometimes
patients could suck the stone out of the saliva gland. I am glad to say that her advice
was sound, and I had made a full recovery within 24 hours.

a large lump a big growth (often a tumor)

sprout up suddenly appear (for buildings, plants, trees, and lumps)

wolf sth down eat quickly and with appetite

the swelling
the swelling got smaller
went down

eat quickly and with enthusiasm (wolf down and eat up are
gobble up
very similar).

stem from result from

create a blockage so that the liquid can’t flow. e.g. a blocked

block up
nose (compare runny nose). Also ‘congestion’

to treat sth to take medicine for sth

suck sth out suck sth until it comes out

sound advice good advice

make a full
totally recover (pull through)
recovery

Chapter 4 - Health 61
 E. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases
andidioms about health. Answers on p. 242

1) He has always suffered from high levels of fat in his blood and
hypertension, so it came as no surprise when one side of his brain
malfunctioned. Fortunately, he made a full recovery a few weeks later.
2) He always gives me great advice.
3) Gulping down huge mouthfuls of cider, his speech was unclear and indistinct.
Later on in the evening, he was throwing up in the toilet.
4) A large growth suddenly appeared on his right shoulder. Having had a
biopsy, his cancer was confirmed.
5) I twisted my ankle while playing football. The ankle immediately swelled up,
and it only got smaller a few weeks later.

F. Choose the option that makes the most Answers on p. 242

sense
1) His mother could see that his nose was running/blocked, so she bent over to
wipe his face with a tissue.
2) Out of breath and sweating profusely, the patient clutched his chest, keeling/
leaning over in agony.
3) His blood pressure was higher/larger than any other patient in the ward.
4) At first, the doctors were convinced that he would never recover from the
stroke, but in the end, he pulled out/through.
5) When a person feels as though their head is going round in circles, we say
that the person is dizzy/itching.
6) When red spots appear suddenly on the skin, we call this a rash/lump, and
they can often itch.
Answers on p. 242

G. Which medical problems are the following symptoms

referring to? Choose from heart attack, flu, stroke, food
poisoning, broken leg, allergic reaction, concussion
1) People suffering from this have a high temperature (above 38 degrees),
fatigue and profuse sweating in spite of feeling cold. They may also have a
rasping cough, blocked nose and sore throat.
2) People suffering from this throw up violently and also have diarrhea. However,
these uncomfortable symptoms don’t usually last very long.

62 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

3) People suffering from this will often have slurred speech, a drooping smile, and
a weakness on one side of the body.
4) People suffering from this will often break out in a rash.
5) People suffering from this will need to use crutches if the injury is particularly
serious, and their limb may be put in plaster for several weeks.
6) People suffering from this often double over with a sharp pain in the chest,
and they may sweat profusely and be short of breath.
7) People suffering from this have a headache, and they may temporarily pass out.
They may also have amnesia (forgetfulness), confusion and dizziness.

H. Fill in the missing words and then discuss the questions

Answers on p. 243

1) When was the last time you came with a nasty illness? What
symptoms did you have?
2) Have you ever suffered reactions to a form of treatment? What kind of
side were they?
3) Are you allergic to anything? Do you out in a rash when exposed to this?
4) Have you ever had an arm or leg put in ? How did you get injured?
Did you have to use (sticks to help you walk)?
5) How should you treat someone who has a twisted ? What is the
best way to make the swelling go ?
6) Do you ever experience (difficulty getting to sleep)? What is the best
way to cope with this problem?

I. Fill in the missing Answers on p. 243

prepositions
1) The parasite latches the fur of its victim, digs the skin, then
feeds the blood of its host.
2) He reached to call an ambulance, but passed
, clutching his chest in excruciating agony.
3) If the swelling doesn’t go in a few days, I will go to Accident and
Emergency and have an X-ray; they might need to put my leg plaster.
4) An overwhelming sense of fear and trepidation came him when he
learned that he would need to go through another surgical procedure.
5) Even though my symptoms had already cleared , I carried on taking the
antibiotics just to be the safe side.

Chapter 4 - Health 63
 6) There must be a nasty virus going the class, because several of his
classmates have been throwing .

J. Look at the pictures and describe the symptoms

Answers on p. 244

1) My doctor thinks I ought to stop

using the new washing powder,
and I reckon this is sound
; every time I use it,
my nose won’t stop and I
out in a rash. I’m
probably allergic
it.

2) That morning, he felt

headed and of breath,
but by the afternoon he was
gasping for air and clutching his
chest in agony. Finally, he
over
in the middle of the office, so we
called for an ambulance.

3) At first, we thought he had simply

his ankle or a
muscle; however, when we looked
at the X-ray, we found out that the
bone was broken, so the doctors
put his foot in . He
was also given .

64 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Can you find the following?

a) WARD
b) A DRIP
c) X RAY
d) CRUTCHES
e) WHEELCHAIR

K. Fill in the gaps with the missing Answers on p. 244

words:
1) A is a mark on the skin where a cut has healed up.
2) If the cut is very deep, you will probably need to close the wound.
3) Unfortunately, there is no for cancer; doctors must rely on
potentially dangerous forms of , such as radiotherapy and
chemotherapy.
4) A is a mark on the skin that appears after being hit with something
hard. It appears soon after the trauma, and it changes colour (from blue to
black to yellow) over the course of a few days.
5) First I felt dizzy; then my legs went weak, and I was short of breath. A few
minutes later, I passed .
6) When he fainted, he collapsed to the ground, striking his head on the pavement.
His doctors say that the X ray shows a skull.
7) While I was playing football, I made a late tackle that resulted in excruciating
pain in my leg. My knee was bruised and swollen the next day, and it took the
rest of the week for the swelling to .
8) Tossing, turning, and sweating profusely, I couldn’t sleep all night. And by the
morning, I had out in an itchy rash. Now I can’t stop scratching.

Chapter 4 - Health 65
 L. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: Answers on p. 245

1) He called in sick this morning. He says he has come with a nasty

stomach bug.
2) My nose has been all day, and it just won’t stop.
3) As soon as he arrived at the hospital, he threw in the Accident and
Emergency Unit.
4) The parasite had dug deeply into my skin, so I had to use tweezers to
it out.
5) I was so dizzy that I thought I was going to pass out, but the symptoms
in a matter of hours.
6) This parasite feeds on the blood of mammals, spreading diseases
from one species to another.
7) on the side of caution, the doctor decided to prescribe me some
powerful antibiotics.
8) My joints have been so for the last few days that I haven’t been able
to do any exercise or even just go for a stroll.

M. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: Answers on p. 245

1) I’m afraid that the X ray shows the leg is broken in three places. We will need
to put it while the injury heals.
2) Unfortunately, he to death when a tomato got stuck in his throat, and he
was unable to spit it out.
3) The ambulance crew gave the injured man first aid, but his heart soon
stopped beating, and they were unable to him with CPR.
4) Having had a stroke, my uncle developed a smile and slurred
speech.
5) Having finished the marathon, the runner was completely of breath,
his heart pounding fast.
6) My sister-in-law is an epileptic, and she is taking medicine to reduce the
chance that she will have a .
7) He hasn’t been able to go to toilet regularly, so he is taking some medicine for
his .
8) When he keeled , clutching his chest in excruciating agony, I knew he
was having a heart attack.

66 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

Chapter 4 - Health 67
05
Chapter

Driving
Driving is a topic that is teeming with phrasal verbs. Examine the following pictures
and memorize the vocabulary.

Once you have got into the vehicle, it’s

important to put your seatbelt on (also
buckle up) before the driver pulls out
into traffic.

enter or exit a car

get into /
(compare get on and
get out of
get off for other
transport)

put your
fasten the safety belt
seatbelt on

move from the side

pull out of the road towards
the middle

Being worried that she might run out of

petrol, she pulled into the garage, got
out of the car, and filled up the tank.

run out
have nothing left of sth
of sth

slow down and stop

pull into
sw (compare ‘pull up’
sw
which has no object)

get out of opposite of get into sth

sth (see above)

fill up (with put petrol into the

petrol) petrol tank

68 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 When the police cars pulled up (drew
up, rolled up) outside our neighbour’s
house, I feared for the worst.

gradually slow down

and come to a halt
pull up
(draw up and roll up
are synonyms)

The driver was pulled over (flagged

down) as she had driven through a red
light.

demand that sb
pull sb over stop their vehicle
(also flag sb
down)
drive through not stop at a red
a red light light

If you are feeling sleepy, I recommend

that you pull over immediately (pull off
the road); otherwise, you may end up
nodding off behind the wheel, and
veering off the road.

pull up (slow down and

pull
then stop at the side of the
over
road)

pull off
leave sth (usually a road)
sth

nod off fall asleep (doze off and drop off are synonyms)

change direction (usually so that you accidentally leave the road

veer off sth
and crash)

Chapter 5 - Driving 69
 Slow down! You will need to turn off
at the next junction, so pull into the
left hand lane.

turn off at sw leave a road

(at a junction,
usually) to join
another road

pull into sw move into that

place. (often a
different lane)

A. Fill in the missing Answers on p. 246

prepositions
1) The driver got his vehicle, buckled , put his keys in the
ignition, revved up the engine, checked his mirrors for approaching vehicles,
and then carefully pulled of his parking space.
2) The police decided to pull the vehicle because it was being driven
recklessly.
3) If you fall asleep at the wheel, you may end up veering the road.
4) Unfortunately, we turned at the wrong junction, got lost in the town
centre, and then ran of petrol.
5) I had been waiting for 30 minutes for my mate to pick me up, so I was
relieved when his car finally drew outside.
6) Unfortunately, we broke down on the return journey; one of the tyres got a
puncture, so we had to pull and fix it. Fortunately, we had a spare
wheel in the boot.
7) As I was pulling the parking space, I got distracted by some
pedestrians and scratched the side of the car.
8) You’ll need to fill up petrol before you head off on such a long
journey.

70 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Parts of the car – Use a dictionary to find the nouns in the
pictures.
► rear-view mirror
► wing mirror
► steering wheel
► gearstick (change gears,
move up/down a gear)
► handbrake
► brake (slow down)
► accelerator (put you foot
down, step on it, speed
up)
► clutch
► electric windows
► glove compartment
► windscreen (windscreen
wipers)

► boot (trunk US)

► bonnet (hood US)
► engine
► wheels (a spare wheel)
► tyres (a flat tyre or puncture)
► passenger seat, driver
seat, back seat

B. Fill in the sentences with the correct Answers on p. 246

word
1) If you want to leave your car parked on a hill, please don’t forget to use the
, or it may roll away while you are gone.
2) To start the , you will need to put your keys in the ignition.
3) If you want to bear left or bear right, you will need to use the .

Chapter 5 - Driving 71
 4) Don’t step on the too sharply during icy weather, or else the car may
skid.
5) If you get a flat , you will have to pull over, and change the wheel.
Hopefully, you keep a in the boot.
6) If you want to speed up, you will need to a gear.
7) I always keep a map in the , as sometimes my phone
runs out of energy.
8) You need to use the in order to put the car in reverse.
9) Always check your and - mirror before pulling
out into traffic.
10) There is a crack in the , so I have to go to the service centre and get it
fixed.

Dangerous Driving
Don’t overtake when you are on a hill or a bend. You won’t be able to see the oncoming
traffic, so you could end up having a head-on collision.

Don’t get put off by distractions either inside or outside the vehicle. If you don’t look
out for potential hazards, you will not be able to react quickly enough.

Don’t drive while under the influence of alcohol or illicit substances. If you are
pulled over by the police, you may be breathalysed. Should the result be positive,
you will be charged with drink driving, and you may face a driving ban, a fine or
even a custodial sentence.

Don’t drive too closely to the vehicle in front of you. If the other car suddenly comes to
a halt, you won’t have time to step on the brakes, so you’ll crash into the other
vehicle.

Don’t exceed the speed limit, especially in residential areas. If you put your foot
down in an area with lots of zebra crossings and traffic lights, you could end up
running somebody over.

Don’t cut other drivers up. If you pull out in front of somebody else and they don’t
have time to slow down, they may collide with your vehicle.

Don’t step on the brakes too quickly or turn the steering wheel too sharply during
icy weather conditions. If the wheels start to skid, you may lose control of the
vehicle and veer off the road.

72 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 overtake sb go faster than sb

a (sharp/gentle) bend a part of the road which curves

oncoming traffic traffic coming towards you

a head-on collision a crash in which the front of both vehicles collide

put sb off distract sb

be vigilant for (keep an eye out for and watch out for
look out for
are synonyms)

potential hazards possible dangers

under the influence of drunk or high on sth

illicit substances illegal substances (usually narcotics)

to be given a test for alcohol that measures the amount

breathalysed
of alcohol on your breath.

drink driving crime of driving under the influence of alcohol

a punishment in which the driver is not allowed to use

a driving ban
his car for a period of time

come to a halt stop

step on the brakes step on the pedal that slows the car down

crash into collide with

exceed the speed limit break the law by driving too fast

put your foot down go faster (step on the accelerator)

black and white part of road which allows pedestrians

zebra crossing
to cross (also called ‘pedestrian crossing’)

run sb over collide with a person while driving (also, knock sb

down)
wheels lose their grip on the road, so the driver loses
to skid
control of the vehicle

Chapter 5 - Driving 73
 C. Replace the word in bold with an antonym so that
thesentence makes sense.
Answers on p. 247

1) We were running low on petrol, so I had to pull out of a garage and fill up the
tank.
2) You’ll have to step on the brakes to get there on time; it’s at least a 2-hour drive
from here, but the party starts in 90 minutes.
3) If the weather is too icy, the tyres may grip and the driver may lose control of
the vehicle.
4) The kids were bickering again, and their noise focussed me on my driving; I
turned round to tell them both off, and it was at that moment that we crashed
into the side of the van.
5) He had already received so many fines for going under the speed limit, but
this time he was banned from driving for 3 months.
6) They gave me a breathalyser to see whether I was under the influence of
permitted substances, but the result was negative.
7) The driver in the car behind me put his foot down, fell behind me on the inside
lane, and then cut me up, giving me very little time to step on the brake.
8) I was particularly lucky when I was returning home; I walked out of the train
station, needing a ride home, and a taxi immediately drove away at the taxi
rank.

Traffic Reports
Drivers are advised to avoid the A127 today, as traffic is tailing back 5 km on the
eastbound lane from Junction 29, and there is no reason to suppose it won’t
continue to build up throughout the rest of the day. Only after the rush hour has
finished will the congestion start to ease off.

There has been heavy traffic all day in the city centre, with traffic jams reported on
the majority of main roads and motorways. So, please avoid driving if you don’t
want to get stuck in traffic. The congestion won’t die down until after 8 pm.

There has been a pile-up on the M6 involving more than 17 vehicles. A large
articulated lorry jackknifed on the icy motorway, and the drivers behind piled into
the lorry, unable to brake in time. More than ten people have been seriously injured
in

74 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

the accident, and one victim remains in critical condition. Northbound traffic has been
diverted onto the A5 and A38.

traffic is tailing back = there is a long line of traffic that stretches a long way (a traffic
jam)

eastbound heading in the eastern direction

build up get bigger or more intense

rush hour busiest time of day to use the roads

congestion heavy traffic

ease off gradually get smaller or diminish. similar to ‘die down’

traffic jams a large number of cars that are not moving

motorways the biggest type of road in the UK

get stuck in traffic to sit in a traffic jam

die down get smaller or less intense (ease off)

a pile-up a crash involving a number of different vehicles

articulated lorry a very large vehicle, usually carrying goods

when an articulated lorry skids, the heavy trailer keeps

jackknife moving forward, pushing the front of the lorry until it faces
the wrong direction

pile into sth crash into sth at great speed

seriously injured badly hurt

in critical condition in a life-threatening condition

diverted sent in a different direction

Chapter 5 - Driving 75
 D. Replace the word in bold with a synonym so that
thesentence makes sense. Answers on p. 247

1) The busiest time of day to be on the roads is between 8 and 9 am. If you hate
getting stuck in traffic jams, wait until the congestion eases off.
2) The traffic is crawling slowly on the M6 due to a massive collision involving
10 cars. 7 people have been seriously injured, and two have life-threatening
injuries.
3) You can expect lengthy delays if you are heading out on the M6 today, as the
heavy traffic extends 15km.
4) A very large vehicle was involved in a head-on collision with multiple
vehicles yesterday. The driver is believed to have nodded off while at the
wheel, veered into the other lane, and then crashed into the cars coming
towards him.
5) The police charged the driver with going too fast, and this time the courts
have decided he will face a prohibition of driving for 18 months.
6) I wasn’t able to step on the brakes in time because the driver beside me
suddenly and recklessly pulled in front of me.

Driving Idioms
Not only is the topic of driving crawling with phrasal verbs, it is also bursting with
idioms, and many of these idioms are clear metaphors. For example, we say that
someone is in the driver’s seat when they are in control or in charge of a situation. If
a person likes to live life in the fast lane, this means they enjoy a risky and exciting
life, but if they enjoy life in the slow lane, then they prefer the opposite. If a person
moves/steps up a gear, then they start working on something faster or more
effectively than earlier. When a driver turns 180 degrees in order to go in the reverse
direction, we say that he does a U turn, and we use the same expression to say
that someone has reversed their initial opinion or position. To give somebody
permission to do something, we often say that we give them the green light (or go-
ahead). If we say that it is the end of the road for someone or something, then this
means that they have no future. When we use dead-end as an adjective, it
describes something with very few opportunities (such as a dead-end job), but a
dead end is literally a road with no exit. We have many phrases that mean make
somebody very angry or very mad. We say you are driving me round the bend,
which means that you are really annoying me. But you can also drive someone
mad, drive someone up the wall, and drive someone crazy, and

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they all have the same meaning as drive someone round the bend. If a man drives
a hard bargain, then he is a ruthless negotiator, so he will always get a good price
for something. Lastly, if something drives a wedge between you and your partner,
this means that something has caused you to argue or split up.

E. Fill in the gaps with the missing Answers on p. 248

words:
1) The wedding ceremony starts in 20 minutes. We will be late if you don’t
your foot down.
2) On the way to the hotel, one of our rear wheels got a , so we had to
stop to change the tyre.
3) Having gone a red light, the driver was pulled over by the police
and given a fine.
4) We have almost out of petrol. We need to into the next
petrol station and fill up.
5) It’s important to take regular breaks on any long drive; if the driver off
at the wheel, the car is likely to off the road.
6) I was down by a traffic policeman, and when I wound down the
window, he asked to see my documents.
7) I my van, fastened my seatbelt, checked my mirrors,
then pulled out into traffic.
8) As I was out of the parking space, I crashed into another vehicle. I
should have checked my rear-view mirror.

F. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: Answers on p. 248

1) The police pulled him over as they thought he was driving recklessly. The
driver was found to have more than three times the legal limit of alcohol in his
blood, so he was charged with driving the influence.
2) An articulated lorry jackknifed on the motorway, and several more cars
into the vehicle when it finally came to a stop. Miraculously, no
one was seriously injured.
3) Please avoid the M6 motorway if you can: traffic is back more
than 6 km from junction 13 in the northbound direction.
4) A pedestrian was run yesterday in broad daylight in the centre of
town, and the driver failed to stop or give first aid to the victim.
5) We got in a huge traffic jam while we were on our way home.

Chapter 5 - Driving 77
6) He was charged with drink driving and given a 2-year driving .
7) A brand new sports car cut me, so I had slam the brakes
to avoid a collision.
8) When the driver slammed the brakes, the wheels locked, and the road being so
icy that morning, the car more than 50 metres down the road.

G. Fill in the gaps with the missing words:

Answers on p. 249

1) If we don’t step up a , we are unlikely to meet our deadline.

2) All of these arguments about money have driven a between us.
3) The pedestrian suddenly walked into the main road, and I had to to
narrowly avoid knocking him over. (Turn slightly to avoid hitting something)
4) When you approach the roundabout, you should always way to
the traffic coming from the right.
5) It is forbidden to park anywhere in the city centre. All cars that violate the
parking rules will be away within 24 hours of being discovered.
6) When we got back to the car, we saw a large yellow on one of the
wheels.
7) While the PM last week insisted that an enquiry into his own misconduct
was unnecessary, he has now been forced to do a ,
admitting that such an investigation would be in the public interest.
8) When we got a puncture, we pulled over at the earliest and safest opportunity
and put the lights on.

78 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

06
Chapter

Binomials and
Trinomials
A. Please fill in the gaps: Answers on p. 250

1) Learning thousands of collocations is part and of learning any

language.
2) You should only marry that person who is ready, willing, and able to go with
you through and thin. There are bound to be plenty of
and downs in any relationship.
3) I want every nook and of this house looking totally immaculate for
when my sister pays us a flying visit.
4) The world economy has gone to and ruin thanks to the loose
monetary policies of the last few decades.
5) He’s been driving me mad the whole day, and raving about how much
he loathes his neighbour.
6) The new legislation renders all previous laws and void, in the sense
that they are no longer legally binding.
7) I would guess that it’ll take us an hour to get to London, or
a few
minutes, and assuming that the roads aren’t heavily congested.
8) He’s a Mancunian, born and . His accent gives him away.
9) The information was leaked slowly to the press, in and ,
dragging the scandal out for a lot longer, and smearing the minister’s
reputation for a lot longer.
10) I was so surprised when I heard that he parties at illegal raves in the forest. He
just seemed far too and proper to be doing something like that.

B. Please fill in the gaps: Answers on p. 250

1) Personal greetings, smiles, and helpful hints gave every passenger the best
possible service, while many crew members went and beyond
with their charisma and enthusiasm, turning this cruise into the most
memorable voyage of our lives.
2) How can we live a happy life? First, we must appreciate all that we have,
rather than thirst for all that we don’t have; second, we must learn to control
ourselves in the face of the most terrible hardship. And last but by no
means ,
we must learn to forgive ourselves when we fail the first and the second.
3) I had insomnia for hours last night; I just lay there, and turning
and sweating profusely.

80 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 4) Pub landlords have been and groaning about the new restrictions
that have been imposed on pubs and night clubs, but the Prime Minister has
told them to or shut up.
5) I have decided to invite all my and dearest to the party, so I will send
out the invitations in the not-too-distant future.
6) He fought and nail against his opponent, beating him and blue.
7) The rescue party risked life and to make their ascent up the
mountain, and it was not in vain; in the end, the little boy was located, safe
and , and returned to his mother.
8) Her kitchen was absolutely spotless, always and span, never a
spoon nor a spatula in the wrong space.

C. Please fill in the gaps: Answers on p. 251

1) Don’t just marry any , Dick, or Harry! You should only marry that
person who is ready, , and able to go with you through thick and
thin.
2) I want you to tidy up your room, empty the dishwasher, and finish your
homework,
and I don’t want to hear any ifs, ands, or .
3) We decided to play a practical joke on him, and he fell for it hook, line and
.
4) Truly, madly, , they gazed into each others’ eyes, and promised to
love, honour, and until death do them part.
5) He was not, in any way, , or form, tall, dark, and ; in fact, short,
swarthy, and scruffy would be a far more apt description.
6) You need to learn this phrase because you will come across it in books and
articles left, right, and , and you will hear it on TV morning, ,
and night.
7) We have a legal system which consists of a number of different people
because it wouldn’t be fair to have one person that served as judge,

, and executioner.
8) I keep bumping into the same neighbour. Whenever I am out and about, he
shows up here, , and everywhere.

Chapter 6 - Binomials and Trinomials 81

D. Please examine the images and guess the
missing binomials and trinomials: Answers on p. 252

1) I was born and in a

rough part of town, full of run-
down buildings and boarded-up
windows.

2) When the owners of the old

restaurant moved out, the
place went to and ruin.

3) There is a lot of and

tear both inside and outside
the property, so prospective
buyers must be , willing,
and able to splash out on
refurbishments.

4) The fireman risked life and

when he entered the raging

inferno, knowing that a little girl
was still trapped inside.

5) Having bravely gone above and

the call of duty,
the child was returned safe and
to her
nearest and

6) Thanks to her husband’s

snoring, she was and turning
all night, not able to get a wink of
sleep.

7) In the morning, when it was time

to and shine, she had
a splitting headache and didn’t
feel up to going to the office.

82 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 8) Uncle Felix has always been
all fingers and - last week
his hand was and blue
after a painful miscalculation with a
hammer.

9) Blood, , and tears are

part and of most
home improvements.

E. Please fill in the gaps: Answers on p. 252

1) If you are going to get married, you have to be prepared to stick together
through and thin.
2) Students often and rave about how astronomically expensive their
tuition fees are.
3) Memorizing hundreds of thousands of collocations is and parcel of
becoming fluent in a second language.
4) Jack spilt a glass of wine all over my new trousers, but I was not surprised:
he has always been all and thumbs.
5) His flat looked as though a bomb had hit it. The place had been going to rack
and ever since he moved in.
6) You can tell that he is a Londoner and bred. He has such a thick
London accent, so he must have grown up there.
7) When compelling evidence was presented that ballot boxes had been
tampered with and voting forms had been faked, the election was declared
null and
.
8) I can’t find my keys anywhere! I have looked in every and cranny of
this flat, but they seem to have vanished into thin air.

F. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: Answers on p. 253

1) I can understand why he has climbed the career ladder so quickly: he has
always been willing to go above and what’s required of him,
often working overtime to ensure that deadlines are met.

Chapter 6 - Binomials and Trinomials 83

2) When I got home from work, the kitchen was looking spick and , so
I knew that the cleaner had been there before me.
3) Allow me to introduce my cousin, Peter; my uncle, Jack; and last but not
, my sister-in-law, Maria.
4) If you want to work as a fireman, you have to be prepared to risk
and limb.
5) I don’t like the way she is always running around after her husband. She
seems to be at his and call, more a servant than a wife.
6) The newspapers have threatened to name and all the perpetrators
that were involved in this crime.
7) The victim had been beaten black and , and the police were
eagerly looking for witnesses.
8) I spent all night and turning, dwelling on the dilemma in front of me,
unable to get even a wink of sleep.

G. Fill in the gaps with the missing Answers on p. 253

words:
1) I want you to carry out all my instructions to the letter: no , no
, no .
2) I can promise you that I am not, in any , , or
, angry with you.
3) Are you ready, , and to help me out at the weekend?
4) During the wedding ceremony, the couple exchanged their vows to ,
and obey each other morning, noon, and night, come hell or high water.
5) I’ve heard that they have 500 guests coming to their wedding. They must
have invited every Tom, , and that they know.
6)
a) If I had spent more time revising for my exams, I would have got top marks.
b) Could’ve, ,
7) I really like the detective in this TV show; he’s so cool, calm, and collected. In
every episode, he acts as though he knows nothing about the crime, but in
reality he is luring the suspect into a trap, and the criminal falls for it hook,
, and .
8) In winter, people left, , and are turning down their thermostats,
trying to save money on their skyrocketing energy bills.

84 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

07
Chapter

War and Peace

A. Please use the images and the words in italics to fill in
thegaps:
Answers on p. 255

1) The Greeks laid to Troy

for 10 years, but they were unable to
overcome the impenetrable city
walls.

2) Although the Greeks heavy

casualties in the intense battles,
many Trojans were (caught), then
sold as slaves. Those less fortunate
were simply (butchered,
killed)

3) Having used a clever trick to

infiltrate the city gates, the Greeks
jumped
out of the horse,
(surprise attack) the guards, then
proceeded to
(pillage) the whole city.

4) The First World War (broke

out) when Archduke Ferdinand, the
heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary,
was assassinated by a Serbian
rebel.

5) Austria-Hungary immediately
(announced) war on
Serbia. Serbia had made an (pact)
with Russia, while Austri-Hungary had
made an (pact) with Germany.

6) Heavy (guns) was used

extensively, with men in front-line
positions being constantly
(bombarded).

86 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 7) For many years, the two countries
had been (arch)
enemies, but the tanks started to
(roll) over the
border, into the
(contested) territory, after an
(uncalled-for)
attack on a border post.

8) As soon as the invasion started,

local troops launched a
(opposing strike)
and several civilians were caught
in the
(shoot-out). Any hope of a
peace (armistice) has
faded.

9) Having been completely encircled

by rebel forces, thousands of
soldiers were cut off from their
supply routes, and totally unable to
(obtain ammunition).

10) With no ammunition and very little

food, many of them had no choice
but to (give up).

11) Since most of their units had been

defeated, remaining forces had to
(withdraw) from the area.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. Answers on p. 256

1) Has there ever been a war (internal conflict) in your country? Why
exactly did the violence (get worse)?
2) Which countries do you consider your (friends)? Do you have any
bitter (foes)?
3) Can you think of a time when your country (announced) war?
4) Which (contested) territories can you think of? What are the
details of the disagreement?
5) Are there any groups which you think need to be (given weapons) or
(forced to hand over weapons)? How should this be done?
87
Chapter 7 - War and Peace

88 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 6) Do you think that damage (killing of civilians) is part and parcel of any
conflict?
7) Would you agree that your state, or any other state, has a right to launch a
- strike (an early attack to prevent an anticipated attack)?
8) Are there any countries which ought to sign a (ratify a
truce)? When do you think a (cessation of hostilities) will occur?

C. Fill in the gaps with the missing Answers on p. 256

words:
1) In our local area we have had a of arson attacks on vehicles, and
police are asking anyone with information to come forward.
2) The rebels in the east have a counter attack, shelling front-line
positions with heavy artillery morning, noon, and night.
3) Our troops have heavy casualties in the fierce battles that are raging
just a few kilometres from the city.
4) Sadly, three civilians were in the crossfire while trying to flee from
the brutal battle between rebel forces and government troops.
5) Our city has now been under for 31 days, and our supplies are
dwindling. We won’t be able to hold out for much longer.
6) damage is a euphemism for the inevitable slaughter of civilians.
7) The conflict has now spilled over into neighbouring territories, causing a huge
number of to leave the area, hoping to find sanctuary elsewhere.
8) The death of a political dissident in prison has sparked off huge in
the city centre, with shops looted, police cars torched, and officials attacked
by an angry, baying mob.

88 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

08
Chapter

News
A. Please use the images and the words in italics to fill in the
gaps:
Answers on p. 257

1) When the ruling powers in

France were
(overthrown), the monarchy
was
(destroyed), and
many aristocrats were beheaded.

2) New legislation was

(introduced) that
recognised new rights,
including the expansion of the
right to vote.

3) Other European powers wanted

to destabilize the rebellion and
(bring back) the
monarchy, so they
(distributed) rumours and
misinformation about the
intentions of the
revolutionaries.

4) The opposition has

(demanded) a
general election in response
to the scandal.

5) Who do you think you will

(choose) in the next
election?

6) My town had a by-election when

the MP for my (voting
region) was stabbed to death,
within spitting distance of my
house.

7) The media are often

(unfair) in the way they report
matters of political significance

90 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 8) At the press conference, the Minister
(gave) an important
statement in order to
(make clear) her position.

9) She (refused) to
comment on the (uncorroborated)
allegations of tax evasion her fellow
MPs

10) And she (completely)

denied her own involvement in the
matter, dismissing such assertions
as ‘wild conspiracy theories’.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. Answers on p. 257

1) At what age are you able to (choose politician)? Would you change
this for any reason?
2) Do you know when the (legal permission) to vote was first extended to
women in your country?
3) When is the next (democratic contest) in your country? Do you know
who you will vote for?
4) If you (competed in election) for president and won the election,
what policies would you (introduce)?
5) Do you subscribe to any wild (theories that are not
mainstream)? What kind of compelling evidence makes you doubt the
mainstream media’s version of events?
6) If you were in charge of the economy, would you or
monetary policy? (restrict or increase money supply)
7) When was the last time your government (deceived) the electorate?
8) Would you be in favour of reducing or increasing foreign (help)?
And what about the defence (military) budget?

C. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: Answers on p. 258

1) The dictator was in a bloody uprising that saw thousands killed and
millions displaced.

Chapter 8 - News 91
2) The PM has issued a statement to the press in which he denied
all of the allegations.
3) It is hoped that the two sides will negotiations and broker a
ceasefire; a humanitarian corridor must be created that allows civilians to be
evacuated.
4) The Labour party suffered a defeat in last year’s local election, only
managing to pick up about 2% of the votes.
5) The minister has to comment on the allegations of tax evasion, but a
fellow member of his party claimed that they were entirely groundless.
6) Parliament would have a lot more money if it drastically the
amount it spent on defence and foreign aid.
7) Turkey has promised to act as a in the negotiations between the
two opposing sides. They hope to broker a truce before the weekend.
8) The government has to public pressure and scrapped
reforms that would have allowed teenagers to change their sex without
informing their parents.

92 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

09
Chapter

Quantity
A. Please use the images and the words in italics to fill in the
gaps:
Answers on p. 259

1) The price of gold has

(increased rapidly) in the last few
months.

2) The graph demonstrates that the gold

price has approximately
(multiplied by two).

3) There has been a (huge)

increase in the price of gold.

4) Such rapid growth in the price is

(never-before-seen),
and has exceeded all expectations.

5) House prices have

(decreased rapidly) in the last five
years.

6) From 2021 to 2022, there was only a

(small) drop in the
average house price.

7) The average price of a house has

dropped £600,000
less than £100,000, which is
a decrease more than
(use correct prepositions) 80%

8) By the end of 2020, house prices had

reached only £300,000, so over this
three-year period, they had

(divided by two)

94 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 9) Charles’ law states that, at a
constant pressure, the volume of a
mixed amount of gas is directly
(correlated with) its
absolute temperature.

10) At five (0.5 in

words) degrees, the volume of a gas
is roughly 560ml

11) At minus 225 degrees, the volume

of a gas is a mere 100ml, but at
75 degrees, it has increased by a
seven
(a seven-fold increase)

B. Fill in the gaps with the following words: Answers on p. 259

Unprecedented, Estimated, Discrepancy, Decimal, Vast, Substantial, Minuscule,

Negligible, Paltry, Precise

1) The amount of money he donated was and did not make much of
a difference.
2) The company’s profits for the quarter were and well belowexpectations.
3) The virus is so that it can only be seen under a microscope.
4) The storm was in its intensity and caused widespread damage.
5) The architect provided measurements for the construction of the
building.
6) The time of arrival for the package is next Tuesday.
7) The company’s investment in new technology was and is
expected to yield high returns.
8) The Sahara Desert is a expanse of sand and barren land.
9) In mathematics, a is another way of expressing a fraction or
percentage.
10) There was a between the estimated cost of the project and the
actual cost.

Chapter 9 - Quantity 95
 C. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: Answers on p. 260

skyrocket, a great deal, dwindled, inversely, anomalies, limited number,

significant number

1) Some have suggested that physical strength and intellectual ability are
proportional to each other, though this is not the case, in any way, shape, or
form, when we examine the data. In reality, we see that strength and
intelligence often increase at the same rate.
2) The number of new teachers joining the profession has because new
educational reforms have increased the workload, yet decreased the salary.
3) We spent a of money on the trip to Mexico.
4) A of people have never studied the rules of subject-
verb agreement, nor those of countability.
5) The results of our experiment showed a strong correlation between
temperature and the rate of reaction, although there were several data
recordings that were not in agreement with this trend. These were
likely caused by human error.
6) What is 8 divided by 64? Give your answer as a decimal and a fraction.
7) There are a of places available on this school trip,
and we will be selling seats on the coach on a first-come-first-served basis.
8) The Bank of England have been keeping interest rates as low as possible for
the last decade, and many young people have taken out a mortgage to buy
a house with cheap credit. So much demand for property has caused house
prices to .

96 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 10
Chapter

Ideas
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 261

1) The graph demonstrates that running

costs have...how I
it? (you have forgotten
the word!)….significantly increased,
even skyrocketed, over the last few
years.

2) We can assume that this trend will

continue, so we need to come
(create) a plan
that will boost our profits.

3) Several of you have put

(propose) the suggestion that we
raise our prices by 10%, but we need
to carefully
(estimate) the benefits and
drawbacks of such a drastic move.

4) The ideas of absolute space and

absolute time are two of the central
(claims) of
Newton’s philosophy.

5) Newton devoted a great deal of time

to Bible study, and he

(adhered) to the theory that he had

been chosen by God to reveal the
secrets of the universe to mankind.

6) Newton pondered the forces of

nature, giving them so much of his
(complete) attention that he often
forgot to eat and sleep.

7) When Newton’s body was exhumed

in the twentieth century, dangerous
levels of mercury and lead were
found in his hair,
(providing support) to the idea that

98 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

he poisoned himself during chemical
experiments
 8) Opinion is
(strongly polarized) on the
(hotly debated) topic of euthanasia.

9) Proponents of euthanasia
(remind us) that many terminal
patients would rather die than endure
excruciating pain.

10) Opponents of euthanasia argue that

greedy relatives, with an inheritance
on their mind, might try to
the sick (persuade)
assisted suicide.

11) Those with deep religious

(beliefs) consider suicide a sin.

B. Fill in the gaps with the following words: Answers on p. 262

better judgement, undivided, caved in to, foregone, tenets, defer, grasped, tackle

1) The results of next week’s election are a conclusion: the Tories are
bound to win by a huge majority.
2) One of the core of Galileo’s theory was that the Earth orbited the Sun.
3) Whenever I am in doubt, I prefer to to the experts.
4) The Prime Minister has public opinion, promising that their will be
no rises in interest rates for the foreseeable future.
5) As a young learner of languages, I never the importance of learning
vocabulary in groups of words (collocations). Language is a web, and every
word has a place in that web.
6) Just promise me that you will give the topic of Parallel Structure your
attention, and I guarantee that your sentences will become more complex, yet
more concise.
7) Against my , I offered to put him up in the spare room in my house
until he found a new flat to rent.
8) If we fail to these deep-rooted prejudices in the young, the problems
will grow worse as they age, so we should nip this in the bud while we still
can.
(Nip sth in the bud = prevent a problem from growing worse by dealing with it early)

10 Master Vocabulary - Workbook 99

0Chapter 10 - Ideas
 11
Chapter

Ways Of
Walking
 Describe how each person/animal is walking; use the most
appropriate verb from the lesson:
Answers on p. 263

1) She down the corridor

because she didn’t want anyone
to hear her.

2) It was time to go shopping again,

which was something he always did
reluctantly. He hated around
the supermarkets, pushing his
trolley back and forth.

3) After heavy flooding struck the east

coast, local residents had to
into town to stock up on supplies.

4) It is easier to understand the meaning

of the word if we look at
the animal which walks exactly like
this. When a turkey , it
raises its feathers in a macho display
in order to attract hens. We also use
this word for people when they walk
confidently, with swinging arms and
shoulders, out of excessive pride or
vanity.

102 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 5) There are other animals which walk
in an odd way. When a horse raises
its front two legs, walking on its hind
legs, we say that it . We
use this word for when people walk
in an exaggerated way, and again, it
is usually because they want to be
admired, so this word is very similar to
the previous word.

6) I’m glad I remembered to bring

my wellington boots; we have to
through thick mud
the whole way home.

7) My brother-in-law has always enjoyed

through the mountains.

8) I wish the children wouldn’t all

over my beautiful flowers.

Chapter 11 - Ways Of Walking 103

 9) Having argued bitterly over who was
to blame, he out of the
office in a foul mood.

10) Wearing high heeled shoes, the

huge giant on the lilliputian,
killing him instantly.

11) Having drunk 2 bottles of wine, she

home, her speech slurred,
her memory hazy, her pockets empty.

12) On seeing the small chunk of

cheese, the cheeky mice over to
have a bite.

104 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 13) In summer, I love to round
the countryside on my own, as I
find walking helps me think.

14) The snow leopard was

the mountain, looking for vulnerable
prey.

15) The prison guards would up

and down, jangling their keys, gloating
at our misfortune, as we shuffled
around in our cells.

16) The soldiers in full

uniform at the military parade.

Chapter 11 - Ways Of Walking 105

 17) He has been ever since he
fell off his bike and broke his leg, so
he uses a walking stick for support.

18) He is always staring vacantly at his

phone, so it came as no surprise
when he into another commuter,
almost knocking her off her feet.

106 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 12
Chapter

Ways of
Talking
 Describe how each person/animal is talking; use the most
appropriate verb from the lesson:

Answers on p. 265

1) Whenever we go for a long drive, the

kids always fight and on the
back seats, and it really winds me
up!

2) We had a lovely afternoon,

away about this, that and the other.

3) Our physics lessons are rather

tedious, as we spend far too much
time listening to our teacher
on about the theory, and far too little
time putting the theory into practice.

4) The infantryman was deeply

traumatized by the incessant artillery
fire; the fierce fighting had turned
him into a wreck.

108 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 5) As soon as my back is turned, my
colleagues start about
me.

6) While dogs bark, cats miaow, cows

moo, and sheep bleat, the lion

7) The little girl with laughter

when she heard yet another of her
dad’s hilarious jokes.

8) By the time that he had downed his

8th glass, he was his
words and staggering around the
room.

Chapter 12 - Ways Of Talking 109

 9) Young children who have a speech
impediment, such as a
(confusion between ‘th’ and ‘s’
sound) or a (a disruption or
blocking of speech, usually due to
repeating the same word) can see a
speech therapist for help.

10) He’s always standing there with a

smug grin from ear to ear, while all
his colleagues
him with smarmy
compliments. (Excessively flatter/
praise)

11) She had been a really naughty girl, so

her mum her , and
she burst into tears.

12) I don’t like speaking in front of big

groups of people. I always clam up
at the last moment and get .

110 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 13) Whenever she doesn’t get what she
wants, she at her
parents.

14) He the secret in my

ear, worried that someone might
overhear our conversation.

Chapter 12 - Ways Of Talking 111

 13
Chapter

Ways of
Looking
 Please choose the most appropriate verb of looking:

Answers on p. 266

1) They stared intently at each

other, waiting to see who would
first (close both eyes).

2) At first, I thought she was being

serious, but then she at
me, and I realised she was just
joking.

3) your gaze, you filthy

pervert! Stop gawping at her while
she undresses.

4) It was such a sunny day, that the

little boy couldn’t help as he
ambled through the fields.

114 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 5) As the young lady strolled by, two
young men sitting at a small table
at her

6) In order to prepare for the essay, Sarah

her old history
books.

7) On the patient’s teeth, the

dentist decided that she would need
another filling.

8) down the telescope, he

could make out some buildings
that are located in a neighbouring
town.

Chapter 13 - Ways Of Looking 115

 9) He cautiously through the
peephole to see who was at the
door.

10) She glanced at her neighbour’s exam

paper, hoping to get a quick at
his answers.

11) I enjoy rambling through the local

fields. When I do, I occasionally
catch a fleeting of a pheasant.

12) He anxiously over his

shoulder, worried that someone might
be following him.

116 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 13) When I told them the incredible news,
they just stood there in total shock,
at me.

14) She lovingly into his

eyes, completely unaware of the knife
that was cutting closer and closer to
her fingers…

15) The girls defiantly at each

other with their hands curled into fists,
ready to lash out.

16) She at the screen

because she was annoyed at what I
had written in the email.

Chapter 13 - Ways Of Looking 117

 17) I couldn’t help squinting because
of the dazzling/blinding of the
headlights.

118 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 14
Chapter

Feelings
A. Please match the pictures with adjectives that describe
feelings and personality. Try to remember as many as
possible:

Answers on p. 268

A B

C D

E F

120 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 G H

I J

K L

M N

Chapter 14 - Feelings 121

 O P

Q R

S T

U V

122 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 15
Chapter

Negative
Feelings
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 271

1) He got carried away in a

of (anger), hurling
(disparaging remarks) at the other
drivers.

2) In a momentary (error) of
judgement, he (released)
his frustration on the other drivers.

3) The dramatic rise in incidents of

road- rage (creates) a serious
threat to all road users.

4) He was a downright nasty piece of

(unpleasant
person) who often flew into a rage
when he got behind the wheel.

5) They all burst into fits of

(hysterical laughter) when they
heard the latest gossip.

6) As they whispered the secret, all

three of them (bent) over
in stitches.

7) Unfortunately, her friends were rather

(malicious); they would
often make fun of other class
members with (nasty) remarks.

8) Having lost his mother at an early

age, he experienced a (deep)
sense of loss.

9) At the funeral there had been an

outpouring of (remorse),
and all the guests could see that he
was absolutely (devastated)

124 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 10) His friends have been sick with
(anxiety), as
he has isolated himself, preferring to

(hold back) his feelings than to share

his grief.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. Answers on p. 271

1) When was the last time that you burst into a of rage? What made
you throw a ?
2) What was the last time that you over in stitches?
3) Do you often get away and vent your on others?
4) When was the last time you came down with a (unpleasant) bug?
5) When someone makes comments at your expense, do you hurl
back at them?
6) How would you console a devastated friend who had experienced a profound
?
7) Can you think of anything that a serious risk to you or your health in your
daily life?
8) Would it your confidence if you failed your next exam?

125
Chapter 15 - Negative Feelings
 16
Chapter

Positive
Feelings
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 273

1) She let out a

(exhalation) of relief when she
found out she wouldn’t be made
redundant.

2) She remained (happily)

unaware that her firm would be laying
off members of staff until last week.

3) She takes great pleasure in her work,

so losing her job would have
(hurt) her pride.

4) She has always (taken)

inspiration from the time that she
spends trekking in the
mountains.

5) While sitting at the summit, she was

lost in (limitless) admiration
for the forces of nature.

6) The (magnificent)
beauty of the spectacular scenery put
her in a state of (bliss).

7) The burglar felt a (rush)

of adrenalin as he sprinted away
from the police.

8) The tremendous satisfaction of

protecting society from dangerous
criminals is what provides the
police with a sense of (meaningful
aim).

9) The sheer (inadequacy)

of the police has resulted in a surge
in crime.

128 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions.

Answers on p. 273

1) Do you feel a sense of or a sense of loss in your current place of

residence?
2) Are you the kind of person who prefers to face the truth or to live
in ignorance?
3) Which of your overwhelming achievements do you immense pride
in?
4) Which writers, artists, and musicians do you inspiration from?
5) Which writers, artists, and musicians have recently seen a in
popularity?
6) Would you agree that determination is enough to guarantee success?
7) When was the last time you found yourself in a of intoxication?
8) To whom do you have a deep feeling of (thankfulness)?

Chapter 16 - Positive Feelings 129

 17
Chapter

Cause and
Effect
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 275

1) Violence
(erupted) in the city centre in the wake
of the collapse of the currency

2) The economic crisis has

(sparked off) a full-scale riot.

3) The surge in violence has

(created) havoc on businesses in
the city.

4) The events have bred

(dissatisfaction) among the
local residents.

5) The collapse of the building has

(resulted in) thousands of pounds of
damage.

6) Investigators are trying to

(work out) the (main) cause
of the disaster.

7) Many residents of the building are still

missing, (causing)
speculation that there may be more
survivors.

8) Some have tentatively suggested that

the structural problems
(were rooted in)
the low-quality materials used in the
construction of the building.

9) Most of the electrical items that I grew

up with have now been rendered
. (no longer used/needed)

10) Technological advances in recording

information gave

(produced) new, sophisticated devices.

132 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 11) Every time a new device is launched,
a lot of excitement is
(created) by the marketing campaign,
and a lot of profit as well.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions.

Answers on p. 275

1) Which topics have a lot of controversy in recent times?

2) Does the speed of my voice sometimes you trouble when you
watch the lessons?
3) Do you have to reports at work?
4) What’s the first thing you should do if a fire (starts)
while you are at work?
5) What do you think our current economic problems from?
6) If the government decided to raise interest rates, would that lead to
(terrible) consequences?
7) If the government decided to cash obsolete, would that an
outcry?
8) What are the effects of this new medicine? Is there any
reason to make any form of medicine mandatory?

Chapter 17 - Cause and Effect 133

 18
Chapter

Difficulties
and Problems
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps:
Answers on p. 277

1) Disaster (happened) at
roughly 2 o clock when the
hurricane reached the coast,
causing (pervasive)
flooding.

2) Emergency services quickly

responded to the crisis, but the rising
waters and
(severe) weather
conditions hindered progress.

3) Rescuers had to (address)

the problem of reaching the survivors
safely, as the journey was often
with (full
of) danger.

4) The boy had a traumatic

(instruction in childhood), and he
didn’t know who he could turn to in his
moment of need.

5) He had great difficulty making

friends at school, and these
(difficulties) held him back from
achieving his true potential.

6) Fortunately, in his teenage years,

he managed to overcome these
(problems).

7) The numbers in this report

(totally) contradict the predicted
figures.

8) This analysis
(reveals) major (failings) in
our business projections.

9) If we examine the data, we find

(discrepancies) among

136 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

the various documents.
 B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions.
Answers on p. 277

1) Would you agree the evidence contradicts the widespread

assumption that climate is linked to emissions of carbon dioxide?
2) Which environmental problem the greatest threat to human
civilization in your opinion?
3) How should we (deal with) this issue?
4) When was the last time that you faced a really decision (dilemma)?
5) Would you be willing to migrate to another country if the journey were
with danger?
6) What kinds of weather conditions cause problems in your area?
7) What kinds of obstacles and setbacks have your progress with
learning English?
8) ‘War is peace, freedom is slavery, and ignorance is strength’ are three

contradictions that George Orwell uses in his famous novel, 1984. Is there
any truth in these seemingly impossible statements?

136 Master Vocabulary - Workbook137

Chapter 18 - Difficulties and Problems
 19
Chapter

Compare and
Contrast
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps:
Answers on p. 279

1) Even when the twins had grown into

adults, they still bore a
(close) resemblance to one another.

2) In fact, I still can’t

(distinguish) the difference
between Sally and Sarah, so I
often mix them up at a glance.

3) However, as soon as you start talking

to them, it’s easy to know who is who,
because Sally’s gloomy nature stands
in (marked) contrast to
Sarah’s boundless enthusiasm.

4) The line graph highlights

(substantial) differences over a
period of twelve years between
property prices in the US and UK.

5) There are only (slight)

differences between average house
prices in France and the UK in the
last decade.

6) Prices in the US housing market differ

(sharply) from those in
the UK and France.

7) Real Estate prices in the UK are not

to (unlike) those in France

8) Let’s (make) a useful and

(fair) comparison between
the pear and the apple

9) Firstly, the apple is an

(altogether) different fruit from the
pair.
 10) The boring flavour of the pear

in comparison (bears no comparison)

with the delicious flavour of the apple.

11) If you want to be healthy, an apple

every day makes a world of
(improves your chances)

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the Answers on p. 279

questions.
1) Can you think of any celebrities who look (strikingly) similar?
2) How can we for the substantial differences between men and
women’s salaries?
3) Is there a growing between the rich and the poor in your country?
4) Some say that I a faint resemblance to the famous chef, Gordon
Ramsay. Do you look (remotely) similar to anyone famous?
5) Would you say that the differences between the sexes are
(almost
imperceptible) or considerable?
6) Do you know any twins? Do you find it hard to the difference, and
mix up their names?
7) Would you say that you and your best friend hold widely opinions
on controversial topics?
8) Do any of your beliefs and opinions stand in (stark) contrast to the
prevailing opinions of society?

140 Master Vocabulary - Workbook141

Chapter 19 - Compare and Contrast
20
Chapter

Space and Time

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps:
Answers on p. 281

1) To do my job, you have to feel

comfortable working in
(enclosed) spaces.

2) The heavy equipment

(occupies) a lot of space, and it can

be very cumbersome.

3) As I work in such
(restricted) conditions, I enjoy
spending my free time in
(not narrow) open spaces, like the
forest.

4) In her youth she was a

(constant) offender, which resulted
in several brief (periods) in
prison.

5) After a (lengthy) trial,

she was given a two-year prison
sentence, though there are still
(remaining) doubts as to her guilt.

6) She will be released in the

(near) future, and her time behind
bars will become a and
(vague) memory.

7) Even though the hotel is empty at

the moment, in a few weeks the
pool will be (rammed/packed)
with tourists.

8) There were extensive

(renovations) during the winter
period, so new entertainment facilities
are now available.

144 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 9) For the last decade, the resort has
experienced (unstoppable)
growth in tourist numbers, and this
seems likely to continue for the
(predictable)
future.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the Answers on p. 281

questions.
1) Please describe your residence. Is it a tiny home with rooms, or is it a
spacious mansion?
2) Do you have (enough) storage space? If you needed extra space,
how would you room for it?
3) Do you find it easy to park in a (small) parking space?
4) Describe your town. Are the roads often (busy)?
5) Are the buildings packed into a (limited) space, or are they
spread out across a (large) area?
6) Is the city centre (rammed) with tourists in the summer?
7) When was the last time that you had a brief in hospital?
8) Do you know anything about your direct (forebears)?
9) Who was your at work? Who do you think will be your successor?
10) What is the best way to deal with a (constant) headache?

145
Chapter 20 - Space and Time
 21
Chapter

Plans and
Decisions
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 283

1) After careful (consideration),

the jury reached a (all
in agreement) decision that the
defendant was guilty of premeditated
murder.

2) The verdict was met with

(utter) hostility by supporters of the
accused, who planned to
(challenge the verdict).

3) A few years later, the verdict was

(reversed), and the
accused exonerated and released.

4) (responding
to) suggestions from local
environmental groups, councillors
have made (provisional)
plans to build a number of offshore
wind turbines.

5) Supporters claim that the wind farm

will be both (durable/
viable) and affordable.

6) Critics argue that the plans to

(lessen) the risks, such
as the destruction of marine wildlife.

7) Opposition from local campaigners

has (scuppered) plans
to build three new railways stations.

8) The plan was rejected out of

(completely) by local residents, who
put pressure on politicians to
(scrap) the project.

9) The council has claimed that it is still

possible to reach a (mutually

148 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 beneficial agreement) providing
that they make (significant)
concessions to the local residents.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions.

Answers on p. 283

1) When was the last time you on a recommendation from someone?

2) Do you find it easy to keep to your schedule, or does fate have a habit of
(foiling) your plans?
3) When was the last time you made a hasty (too fast) decision, and later
regretted
it?
4) Do you find it easy to make minor in order to reach a compromise?
5) How do people react when you offer them (positive) criticism?
6) Are solar panels and wind generators a (permanent) and satisfactory
solution to the energy crisis?
7) Have you ever with the idea of setting up your own business?
8) What could be done to mitigate (lessen) the inherent risks of doing so?

149
Chapter 21 - Plans and Decisions
22
Chapter

Appearance
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in the
gaps:

Answers on p. 285

1) He has very (light) skin,

shoulder-length hair, and
(hair on the side of face)

2) He is (no hair), and he

has a large (mark) from
an accident he suffered many years
ago. He also has (hair on face)
as he hasn’t shaved for a long time.

3) Whenever I go on holiday, my skin

starts (coming off), and
I often get sunburnt.

4) She has an (fit) body and

a (hair
tied-back). She is also sweating
(a lot)

152 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 5) She sat there with a
(vacant gaze) on her face, bewildered
and overwhelmed by insurmountable
obstacles.

6) The guy with the beard and

(hair on upper lip)
(move up and down) his shoulders,
not knowing how to respond.

7) As he got older, his hair started

(disappearing) and he put on a lot of
weight. Nowadays, he is quite
(overweight) and quite
(not dressed carefully) too.

8) She has a (radiant)

complexion, a (gorgeous)
smile, and charming
(marks on the skin that appear in
spring).

Chapter 22 - Appearance 153

 9) The fighter on the left is
(very skinny) and bony. He has
(very thin) arms and legs. The fighter
on the right is (large) and he
has (large) arms and
legs. They are both
(tightening) their muscles.

10) The stocky guy with (wide)

shoulders (glared) at
me and crossed his arms.

11) Lenin’s most distinguishing

(mark) is perhaps his
(pointy) beard.

12) In the last few months he has put

on some weight, and he is
beginning to develop a
(part of face
under mouth)

154 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 23
Chapter

Body
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in the
gaps:
Answers on p. 286

1) The guy in the checked shirt

(grinned smugly) at me as I sat
opposite him; this made me
somewhat nervous, and I
(moved) awkwardly in my chair.

2) So extreme was the cold that he

started to violently (shake);
you could even hear his teeth
(knocking together)

3) Having gobbled up a delicious

chocolate cake, the little girl with curly,
fair hair started to (use
tongue to eat) her fingers.

4) With one hand on her (bone at

the side), she (shook) her
finger at me. My cheeks started to
(go red) with
embarrassment.

156 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 5) With his hand on his (top
part of head), he racked his
(organ of body) for the word that he
had forgotten.

6) Feeling an excruciating pain, he

started (grabbing) his
chest, and
(keeled over) in agony.

7) She (pained expression)

in disgust at the smell of his socks.

8) He (smirked) smugly from

ear to ear, (smiling) at his
brother with self-satisfaction.

Chapter 23 - Body 157

 9) Her husband had a habit of
(breathing loudly through nose)
(unceasingly), so she
came up with a new strategy to get a
good night’s sleep.

10) We often don’t have the

(intestines) to face the ugly truth;
instead, we prefer to (plant)
our heads in the sand.

11) The meeting dragged on for a

whole hour, and I had to
(suppress) a yawn on more than a
few occasions.

12) She clenched her

(closed hands) and (shook) with
excitement when she found out she
had passed all her exams with flying
colours.

158 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 24
Chapter

Life and
Death
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 287

1) There were a few complications

during the birth; the baby had not
turned in the
(uterus), so the
(birth assistant) delivered the baby by
Caesarian section.

2) A few months after

(having) a
beautiful and healthy baby boy,
she took him to the local church for
a (christening)
ceremony.

3) He had gone down on one

(part of leg) and (offer
marriage) when they were still at
university.

4) Their abusive and

(stormy)
marriage lasted only 6 months, with
both partners (applying) for
divorce.

5) Only after
(experiencing) the
(messy) divorce were they able to put
the past behind them and get on with
their lives.

6) Sadly, only a year after his

(end of working life), he passed

(died).

7) There was an (flood) of

grief at his funeral; many mourners
sent their sincere
(consolations) to his next of kin.

8) He was (put in the

160 Master Vocabulary - Workbook
ground) in the same cemetery as
his closest relatives, right next to
their . (resting place for
the dead)
 B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions.
Answers on p. 287

1) What would you say is the best age, if any, to have children at?
2) Do you know anyone who has gone through a (messy) divorce?
3) Are more and more people for divorce in your country? What is
driving this trend?
4) What is the most romantic way to the question (propose)?
5) Are there any circumstances under which you would consider
(caring
for) a child?
6) Would you prefer to be or cremated?
7) Have you been ? Will you christen your own children?
8) Have you already written a ? Who will (get) your massive
fortune?

162 Master Vocabulary - Workbook161

Chapter 24 - Life and Death
 25
Chapter

Clothes and
Fashion
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 288

1) He’s wearing a purple

(material) suit with a bow tie. He’s

touching the brim of his hat, and he is

(smiling) at the audience with a

cheeky grin.

2) When he goes on stage, he is

always dressed to . (impress)

3) Those glasses
(matches) his jacket and hat.

4) That suit (right size)

him perfectly

5) It was rather warm that day, so he

didn’t (do
up) his (material) jacket.

6) He wore very t (opposite

of loose), (torn) jeans.

7) He’s also wearing (US =

sneakers), but it looks as though
he has no socks.

8) She has always kept

(follow) the latest trends, and
here, she is wearing an
(stunning) (material)
coat.

9) When she goes on holiday in the

summer, I imagine that she wears
(revealing) clothes

10) She likes to

(wear nice clothes) for all
occasions, and she enjoys being
the centre of attention.
 11) They are all wearing
(smooth material) pyjamas and furry
(home
shoes).

12) When I am at home, and it’s very

early, I usually wear a
(US = bathrobe) and some
(pants) too!

13) Sometimes when I it

(put on),
I put it on i
(the
wrong way round) as I am still so
sleepy.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. Answers on p. 288

1) Are you a fashion , or do you not bother to keep up with current

(fashions)?
2) Do you prefer to wear (loose) or tight clothes?
3) Are most of your clothes (no pattern), or do you prefer patterns?
4) Do you think it is unethical to wear (animal hair) or (animal skin)?
5) On which occasions do you like to (put on best
clothes)? What do you usually wear?
6) What are the most (stunning) clothes that you possess?
7) Do you like wearing ripped and (untidy) clothes, or are you usually
well-dressed?
8) Do you find it easy or stressful to change your plans at the of a hat?

164 Master Vocabulary - Workbook165

Chapter 25 - Clothes and Fashion
 26
Chapter

Food and
Cooking
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps:
Answers on p. 290

1) Put the noodles in a (pan for

boiling), add some water, bring the
mixture to the boil, then allow to
(softly boil) for 10 minutes.

2) Be careful, or else the mixture may

(flow over the brim)

3) Turn off the (gas), drain

the noodles in a (filter),
and then (add with fingers)
some fresh parsley on top.

4) Start boiling the spaghetti;

(cut) an onion and 1 or 2
peppers and add them to a big frying
pan. Keep (mixing) the
mixture.

5) Take half a kilo of beef

(ground meat) and add that to the pan.
Cut up a small clove of garlic and add
this too.

6) After 10 minutes,
(purposefully spill) some pasta
sauce into the pan, and heat for
another 5 minutes

7) Even though I asked for a medium-

rare steak, the waiter brought me
one that was to a
(overcooked/overdone).

8) Do you prefer a (rare) or a

(well cooked) steak?

9) Sometimes, I find steak too

(heavy on stomach) and
(without flavour)

168 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 10) It was Peter’s job to
(keep
filling) their glasses whenever they
got thirsty.

11) Having poured all the drinks, he

(handed round)
some olives and pistachios.

12) Unfortunately, being a very

clumsy barman, Peter knocked
over
one of their glasses and
(accidentally poured) wine over all
three of them

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. Answers on p. 290

1) Which types of food do you find rather (addictive)?

2) Do you prefer your eggs fried, , or scrambled? Or perhaps you prefer
omelette?
3) What do you do with the (remaining uneaten food) after the meal?
4) Describe to me with precise instructions how to prepare your favourite meal
5) Do you like to (add) grated cheese to your pasta?
6) How do you like your steak? Medium, (bloody) or well-done?
7) Do you ever (heat up) yesterday’s meal in the
microwave?
8) Do you often still have ample space in your stomach for a -
(additional plate or portion)?

169
Chapter 26 - Food and Cooking

168 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 27
Chapter

Weather and
Climate
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 292

1) The sun had just

(descended) and
thick ominous clouds were
(gathering) on the horizon.

2) (heavy) rain
(beat down) for the next
few hours, and we all got absolutely
(soaked)

3) The incessant rain led to severe

(destruction of
property by water) in several
regions, with the waters only
(receding) by the next morning.

4) At midnight, a howling
(snowstorm) struck, with hailstones
(balls of ice) pelting down for 15
minutes.

5) After the hail came thick,

(crumbly) snow, which covered
everything in a blanket of
(sparkling) white

6) Ice had (appeared) on all

the ponds; pipes had frozen up; a
biting wind was (blowing) all
morning. His teeth were
(knocking), as he trudged through the
snow.

7) There was a (hot

period) last week, with
(scorching) temperatures recorded
all over the country.
 8) The heat was (hot and
uncomfortable), and I was
(perspiring) profusely.

9) If you also work in a

(airless) room, I recommend buying
an air conditioning unit rather than a
fan.

10) As the sun

(ascended), a (thick)
impenetrable fog rolled in, and
(remained) for
the whole morning.

11) The low, (soft) clouds

(covered) the tree tops, hiding them
from our view.

12) Later in the day, the sky grew

overcast and the sun
(disappeared behind cloud), and as
the clouds
(covered) the sun, the
temperature plummeted.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the Answers on p. 293

questions.
1) Describe the climate in your country. Are the summers (boiling) hot?
2) Is it (bitterly) cold in the winter? Does snowoften (accumulate)?
3) How comfortable is your office? Is it cramped and (no air)?
4) How can (dry) climates mitigate the risk of a (period of no
rain) occurring?
5) What time, approximately, does the sun (descend) at
the moment?
6) How does the body react when you are caught in a fierce
(snowstorm) without the appropriate clothing?
7) Do you often get (heavy) rain in your country? Has this ever caused
severe ?
8) At night, do you prefer to leave the window open so that a
(faint breeze) blows through the room?

172 Master Vocabulary - Workbook173

Chapter 27 - Weather and Climate
 28
Chapter

Animals and
Plants
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 294

1) The vultures are feeding on the

(dead animal) of a large
(animal which feeds its young milk).

2) This (type) of vulture

is found in Kenya. Its
(nails) and (mouth)
are extremely sharp, enabling it to
tear into dead flesh.

3) After the mating season, this

species usually (produces) two
eggs, which (open) roughly 38
days later.

4) This bush viper (loses) its

skin roughly 6 times a year.

5) Its natural (home) is in

the rainforests, and it spends most of
its time perched on trees, waiting for
(natural victim).

6) Deforestation has threatened this

reptile, so special efforts have been
made to (protect) and
restore its territory.

7) The tiger is an (at risk)

species that will (die out)
in the foreseeable future if we don’t
nip this problem in the
(before it takes root)

8) Hopes of saving this fierce

(meat eater) from extinction are
(disappearing) fast.

9) Hunting is the (main) cause

of its dwindling population;

176 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 (illegal hunters) sell parts of the tiger
on the black market.

10) Having (pricked) me, the bee

flew away and landed on a flower that
had (dried up and died)

11) I couldn’t stomach working as a

pest controller; the thought of
insects
(creeping) all over my skin fills me
with horror.

12) The idea has firmly taken

(established itself) that a bee is a nice
insect, whereas a
(stinging insect) is a nasty piece of
work.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. Answers on p. 294

1) Are there many (homeless) animals in your area?

2) Do you have any pets? Is it a domesticated and (passive) creature or
a wild and (fierce) beast?
3) Which animals in your country are in danger of
(going extinct)? What
poses a risk to their dwindling populations?
4) Which (types) of dog are popular in your country?
5) Are your house and garden plants flourishing or (shrivelling)?
6) What types of business are up (appearing) in your city centre?
7) Which controversial topics have (caused) a lot of anger and
resentment in your country?
8) What do you think is the cause of inflation, and how exactly
should this problem be (tackled)?

177
Chapter 28 - Animals and Plants

176 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 29
Chapter

Adverb
Collocations
 Part 1

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: Answers on p. 296

1) It wasn’t (completely) his

fault, even though he looks guilty.

2) It was shameful and dishonest of

him to tell a (blatant/barefaced)
lie like that.

3) The pupil’s (uncontrollably)

inappropriate behaviour was
(somewhat) offensive, so he had to be
removed from the class.

4) I (partially) remember being

told off at school, but that is an
(completely) separate
matter.

5) At first, my wife wasn’t

(completely) convinced that
camping would be a fun holiday.

6) While sleeping in the tent was

(somewhat) uncomfortable,
the holiday was (ridiculously)
cheap.

7) We arrived at the campsite

(well) equipped to spend a few nights
under the stars, and putting up the
tent was (ludicrously) easy.

8) The tone of the email was

(extremely) rude, full of barbed
comments and scathing remarks.

9) Although I am (somewhat)
familiar with this topic, you might be

180 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 (massively) overestimating
my skills.

10) We are (completely) aware

that the company has a
(vaguely) defined mission
statement, which has led to
confusion among employees.

Choose the correct option: Answers on p. 296

11) If you aren’t fairly/entirely satisfied with this product, you can return it within 14
days and receive a refund.
12) I found your comments not only wildly/loosely inaccurate, but also mildly/
entirely offensive.
13) I wasn’t entirely/downright honest with you.
14) He isn’t even loosely/vaguely aware of who we are or what we do.
15) His habits, his table manners, and his clothes, were downright/entirely
disgusting.
16) The current system of government can be loosely/vaguely defined as a form of
digital and medical fascism.
17) It was downright/wildly rude of him not to invite us to the party.
18) The sounds that the biologists have recorded are mildly/vaguely suggestive
of dolphins communicating with each other.
19) I received several vaguely/loosely worded emails, but I couldn’t make head nor
tail of them.
20) I think you wildly/entirely underestimate the amount of start-up capital that
we’ll need.

Chapter 29 - Adverb Collocations 181

Part 2

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: Answers on p. 297

1) Snoring (loudly) throughout

the night, I had hampered my
wife’s chances of a good night’s
sleep.

2) There are a number of

ineffective treatments which are

(extensively) available online.

3) I slept like a baby and woke up feeling

utterly refreshed and
(entirely) satisfied.

4) (massively)
outnumbered by the enemy, our
hero (carefully) considered
surrendering.

5) He is (well) admired for his

bravery in the face of a
(well) armed foe.

6) It is not (exactly) true that

he was (badly) wounded in
the battle. Rather, his injuries were
superficial.

7) It is (clearly) obvious
that fishing is
(rigorously) prohibited in this area.

8) I (totally) agree that these

measures are not
(exactly) necessary.

9) This area is (well)

acclaimed for its spectacular

182 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 natural beauty.

Chapter 29 - Adverb Collocations 183

 10) We had a (really)
enjoyable day down at the harbour.

Add an appropriate adverb (from this lesson) to

each
sentence in an appropriate Answers on p. 298
position:
11) Our soldiers were outnumbered, so they were ordered to pull back.
12) I don’t think it’s necessary to complete all parts of the homework.
13) Several civilians were wounded during the bombardment.
14) I don’t think it’s true that CO2 is a dangerous gas.
15) The ongoing corona restrictions have hampered our firm’s chances of survival.
16) Having been seriously wounded in battle, he was bleeding.
17) Alexander Flemming is renowned as the man who discovered penicillin.
18) It was absurd that we were supposed to believe such utter twaddle.
19) The detective examined the scene of the crime.
20) He has been smoking since his wife passed away.
21) Once again, members of parliament were seen flouting the very same rules
which they themselves have introduced.
22) During the interview, the candidate lied about his work experience

184 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

Part 3

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: Answers on p. 298

1) To be (agonizingly) honest,
your wildly inappropriate comments
were offensive. You should feel
(absolutely) ashamed of yourself.

2) I (bitterly) regret my
remarks, and I accept that they were
(entirely) uncalled for.

3) I am (terribly) sorry
to have caused offence with
my
(extremely) controversial
observations.

4) Every day, I work with

(possibly) hazardous biological agents,
many of which are (very)
contagious and strictly regulated.

5) It is (highly)
recommended that anyone
working with such viruses be
(very) skilled and fully equipped.

6) To be (completely) frank,
any mistakes could potentially lead to
an outbreak in which the human race
may be (totally) obliterated.

7) I (deeply) resent the

(incredibly) high prices at my local
supermarket.

8) It is (agonizingly)
apparent that inflation is
(highly) correlated with loose

Chapter 29 - Adverb Collocations 185

 monetary policy.

186 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 9) It is (patently) clear that
our politicians are
(entirely) to blame for the economy’s
awful predicament.

Add an appropriate adverb (from this lesson) to

each
sentence in an appropriate Answers on p. 299
position:
10) The rapid expansion of the money supply could result in inflation.
11) My niece attends a private schools, but the tuition fees are high.
12) While the virus is contagious, the vast majority of the infected will have the
same symptoms as a mild cold.
13) You seem to be unaware of the consequences of your actions.
14) This man is a renowned physician with superb analytical skills.
15) It was cold that night, so I wore my hat and gloves.
16) Opinions on this controversial matter are divided.
17) I’d argue that I’m not responsible for what took place that fateful night.
18) They have objected to all our demands.
19) May we offer our sincere condolences. We are saddened by your loss.
20) The convict wept as he slowly climbed onto the scaffold.
21) This project is funded by the Department for Education.

Chapter 29 - Adverb Collocations 187

Part 4

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: Answers on p. 300

1) I (vividly) remember putting

my mobile in my pocket, but now I
can’t find it anywhere.

2) I (truly) doubt that I left it at

work.

3) Whenever you are

(terribly) in need of your mobile, you

(totally) forget where you put it.

4) Even though the twins

(strikingly) resemble one another,
when you (closely)
examine them, you will notice subtle
differences.

5) The twin on the left

(openly) acknowledges that she is

(terribly) saddened, having split up

with her boyfriend.

6) She looks as though she is

(badly) in need of a shoulder to cry on.

7) She (fiercely) rejected

my request when I asked for a
favour.

8) She (totally) refused to

help, even though I (truly)
believe that it would have been in her
interest.

9) I (openly) admit that I am

(entirely) responsible for

188 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 this work, but I would be (very)
grateful if someone could do it for me.

Chapter 29 - Adverb Collocations 189

 Add an appropriate adverb (from any of the adverb
collocation exercises) to each sentence in an
appropriate
position: Answers on p. 300

10) It was shameful of the authorities to force masks onto children for
8 hours a day, and such policies are likely to have impeded their social
skills.
11) Most of the newspaper articles at that time were full of inaccurate
figures, designed to frighten the population into submission.
12) Outlandish claims that children were at great risk from the virus have proven to
be untrue.
13) A certain medicine was made available to the population, but any
discussion of the detrimental side effects, such as blood clots, was
regulated.
14) As such, many young people were unaware that the risks of taking
the medicine far outweighed the benefits.
15) It is now apparent that the dire consequences of lockdown will be
felt by the economy for years.
16) A vast amount of money was created during this period, and this has caused
prices to skyrocket .
17) To be frank, all those who implemented these disastrous policies
ought to be ashamed of themselves.

190 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

Chapter 29 - Adverb Collocations 191
30
Chapter

Phrasal Verb
Collocations
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 302

1) Many small businesses had to

(apply) for bankruptcy due to
the devastating economic effects of
the lock-down.

2) We (closely
examined) the accounts to try to
come up with (find) a solution.

3) We may have to
(use) personal savings to keep the
business going.

4) Our accommodation was absolutely

atrocious; it did not
(meet) our
expectations whatsoever.

5) We are not very fussy when it comes

to hotels, but this one simple did not

(reach) the required standard.

6) The walls were

(covered with) cracks and holes,
and there was no wallpaper at all.

7) I find that doing experiments with the

kids always
(builds up) a lot of enthusiasm.

8) He spilt some flammable liquid all

over the desk, but rather than
it (cleaning
up) with a sponge, he completely
forgot about it.

9) It is painfully clear that this was a

catastrophic blunder, as the desk
(caught fire)
a few minutes later.
 B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions.
Answers on p. 302

1) Did the last hotel that you stayed in (meet)

your expectations?
2) Which crimes should the authorities (restrict)
more heavily?
3) Which famous companies or banks have
(declared themselves) bankruptcy recently?
4) In which bars and restaurants do you enjoy the
atmosphere?
5) What is the best way to an appetite?
6) When was the last time you tears?
7) How do you like to your anger?
8) Have you ever had to your savings?

Chapter 30 - Phrasal Verb Collocations

190 Master Vocabulary - Workbook191
 31
Chapter

Secrets, Lies, and

Conspiracies
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps:
Answers on p. 304

1) The flat Earth is an

(uncorroborated) theory which was
originally (refuted) by Aristotle,
who noticed the shape of the earth’s
shadow during a lunar eclipse.

2) Many of these -
(unbelievable) theories are spread
online, and the (nude) truth is
that a lot of people are highly
(vulnerable) to
these crazy ideas.

3) Lots of (naive) fanatics

- (got deceived by) the trick

4) Disinformation and (blatant)

lies proliferate on digital media.

5) Many stories are

(concocted), and many events are
(simulated).

6) The (unpalatable) truth

is often easy to cover up, as no
one wants to face it.

7) The suspect
(pretended) that he had been with
his wife at the time of the murder.

8) However, his alibi wasn’t

(corroborated) by the
evidence.

9) At first, the detective (went)

along with his (web) of lies.

10) In the end, the detective confronted

him with several (blatant)
inconsistencies in his story, and the
suspect (owned
 up to his crime), (divulging)
his dirty secret.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the Answers on p. 304

questions.
1) Who do you for advice when you need it?
2) Which notorious scandals and crimes were
(concealed) by the powers that be?
3) Which widespread beliefs and theories do you think are wholly
(unverified)?
4) Are you (easily influenced by) conspiracy theories?
Do you know anyone who is?
5) Do you think there might just be a (element) of truth in one or two
conspiracy theories?
6) Many so-called conspiracy theorists the belief that the
government will impose a central-bank digital currency (CBDC) in order to
control the wallet and the behaviour of their citizens. 7) Do you find such
ideas
- (unbelievable)?
7) Can you think of any real conspiracies that were exposed (uncovered)? Who
was (involved in) the plot?

194 Master Vocabulary - Workbook195

Chapter 31 - Secrets, Lies, and Conspiracies
 32
Chapter

Regulations and
Authority
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 306

1) The government has

(passed) new legislation requiring all
construction projects to
(adhere to) certain safety
requirements.

2) To (minimize) the potential

hazards, firms are legally obliged
to (do) a risk
assessment at the construction
site.

3) Some firms don’t bother to

(get) planning permission or satisfy
the safety regulations,
(blatantly) flouting the law.

4) It is the job of (faceless)

bureaucrats to make sure all
projects are in (meet/
satisfy) government policy.

5) In some cases, it may be possible to

bribe officials in order to cut through
the (work
around regulations/requirements)

6) The government have

(adopted) new
regulations; all new projects must now
receive approval from someone in a
position of (power).

7) If you have downloaded this

course for free, then you have
(violated) copyright law.

8) The new legislation regarding

intellectual property rights
(sets out) new guidelines
for internet service providers.
 9) The new law (gives)
authority to ISPs to block
websites that (violate) the
proposed regulations.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. Answers on p. 306

1) Has your government (introduced) any new law or

legislation that is detrimental to society?
2) Which bizarre domestic (educational, economic, environmental) or foreign
policies has your government (adopted) that actually on the
rights of their citizens?
3) Is it easy to (get) planning permission if you want to build an
extension on your home?
4) How do you react when someone (subverts) your authority at work?
5) Have you or your company ever a risk assessment?
6) On which occasions do you flout the law?
7) Do you have a lot of soulless bureaucracy in your country? How can you
the red tape?
8) How does your company (lessen) the risk of cyber attack?

198
Chapter 32 - Regulations and Authority Master Vocabulary - Workbook199
 33
Chapter

The
Environment
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 308

1) I was taught that the (gap) in

the ozone layer would lead to
(catastrophic)
consequences for mankind.

2) The prophets of doom and

(misery) explained that mankind had
(disturbed) the delicate
balance of nature.

3) Nowadays, the ozone layer has

been replaced by
(unstoppable) climate change.

4) I certainly agree that mankind should

develop (permanent)
sources of energy, such as (sun)
and wind power.

5) If we try to
(gradually stop using)
(coal, gas, oil) too
quickly, this will likely lead to dire
(ramifications).

6) Nuclear power has almost no

(carbon dioxide emissions),
but there are many concerns about
the potential risks.

7) When I was very young, I was taught

that (carbon ore)
supplies would
(disappear) in 15 years.

8) Burning coal
(emits) carbon dioxide, as do many
natural processes, such as
volcanic eruptions.
 9) I find the rank (duplicity) of
the environmental groups downright
disgusting: many of them fly around in
private jets while telling the rest of us
to reduce our carbon emissions.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the Answers on p. 308

questions.
1) Do you agree that everyone ought to reduce their
? What can
be done to reduce it?
2) What do you think it means to say that is irreversible?
Is climate really irreversible?
3) Do you have any alternative that have been developed
in your region?
4) Do you know anyone who has decided to have fewer (children) in
order to tackle (too many people)?
5) What are the benefits and the drawbacks of (sun), wind, and
(water movement) power?
6) Weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of phasing out
(coal, gas, oil)
7) Why does no one talk about the in the ozone layer any more?
8) When do you suppose that oil and gas supplies will
(finish)?

202 Master Vocabulary - Workbook203

Chapter 33 - The Environment
 34
Chapter

Travel and
Tourism
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 310

1) We had already
(registered) online, so we only had
to (leave) our
heavy suitcases when we arrived
at the airport.

2) We headed directly to (door/

exit) 17, as we were running late, but
when we got there, we had a 2-hour
(setback)

3) Finally we (got on) the

plane; I had booked an
(corridor) seat, as it is easier to get to
the toilet during the flight.

4) Last summer, we stayed in a

beautiful cottage in the countryside.
The village was (full of)
history and
(covered with) churches and bridges.

5) We (wandered) around
the local forest for a few hours, as
we wanted to
(return) to nature.

6) The scenery was

(magnificent), with more than a few
(gorgeous) locations
for photos.

7) We decided to take the kids on

another (all
costs paid) holiday in Majorca. The
tickets were - (not
possible to get money back if you
cancel)
 8) The hotel had extensive
(amenities) including a swimming
pool, a gym, and an aqua park.

9) Even though the hotel room was

somewhat cramped, the whole area
was
(teeming with) tourists, so we made
lots of friends.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the Answers on p. 310

questions.
1) What kind of (residence) did you stay in during your last holiday?
2) Did you book a holiday that was - (you organize all
food), half board, full board, or (all expenses paid)?
3) Describe the area. Was it churches and pubs? Was
it tourists? Was it history
and culture?
4) Do you like to wander off the and try something out of
the ?
5) Have you ever been stopped when you were going through ? Did the
officer rifle through your luggage?
6) Do you prefer a window seat or an seat? Why?
7) Do you usually organize travel (guarantee) before you go?
8) Have you ever had a long (hold up) at the airport? Do you know
why it happened?

206
Chapter 34 - Travel and Tourism Master Vocabulary - Workbook207
 35
Chapter

Shopping and
Customer Service
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 312

1) Feeling hungry, he dashed to the

supermarket to
(accumulate) fruit,
vegetables and bread.

2) He usually shops at the local

Tesco, which has
(accommodating) staff and
(generous) discounts.

3) Looking at the (proof of

purchase), he noticed that the
baguette cost £3.50! He felt as though
the shop had him
(tricked him)

4) She decided to
(willingly buy) a new shirt
from an online store that promised
- (express)
delivery.

5) However, when the shirt arrived,

she saw there was an ugly
(dirty mark) on it, so she decided to
kick up a (complain)

6)
(responding to) her complaint, the
online store offered immediate
dispatch of an identical shirt, or a full
(money back), no questions
asked.

7) There used to be (perfect)

service in this restaurant, but over the
last few months, it has been a bit
(substandard)
 8) The (unskilled) waiter
brought me my food, but several
items were (not there).

9) The service had not

(met) the required standard,
so I decided to this
(complain to) the manager.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the Answers on p. 312

questions.
1) When was the last time you claimed a (generous) discount?
2) If a product is not up to (the required standard), do you tend to take it
back and demand a full (money back)?
3) Which shop or business has the most (obliging) staff?
4) Do you enjoy (negotiating a price)? Would you say that you drive a
hard ?
5) Which shop or restaurant has (substandard) service?
6) Which products do you need to
(accumulate) at the moment?
7) Can you think of a restaurant or bar with a (dull) atmosphere?
8) When was the last time that you felt
(overcharged for
something)?

210 Master Vocabulary - Workbook211

Chapter 35 - Shopping and Customer Service
 36
Chapter

Books
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 314

1) I have read the comprehensive

(entire collection) of Sherlock Holmes
stories, and while one or two of the
later stories are somewhat
(unrealistic), most of them are
(engrossing) and
(gripping)

2) Perhaps even more

(enigmatic) than Sherlock, Conan
Doyle was a (interesting)
character who claimed to be able to
contact the dead and who seemed to
take great pleasure in tricking
people.

3) Frankenstein is a (sad
and moving) tale in which a
scientist creates a living monster
from dead
body parts, (sparking off)
a catastrophic chain of events.

4) Throughout the story, the

(baddie) and (main
character) swap places, as the
author
(promotes)
sympathy for both of them. Victor
Frankenstein is an
(symbol) for Prometheus from the
Greek myths.

5) While Orwell’s 1984 is a

- (makes you think)
novel, some complain that the plot
is somewhat
(difficult to read)

6) When Orwell read Huxley’s Brave

New World, he noted that the plot
 was eerily
(similar to) Zamyatin’s We.

214 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 7) In both 1984 and We, the
(main character) keeps a
(diary), hides from the state police,
and falls in love with a rebellious
woman. Moreover, both novels have a

(bleak) ending.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. Answers on p. 314

1) Can you think of any (baddies) from literature that you admire?
2) Who is the (main character) from your favourite novel?
3) Do you enjoy detective stories, or do you find them rather
(depressing)?
4) Can you think of any stories with an unreliable (story-teller)?
5) What was the last story that you read with an unexpected
(surprising ending)?
6) Can you tell me about some of your favourite plot (literary tricks)?
7) In which novels does the writer (increase) suspense
most effectively?
8) Can you think of any stories that you found utterly (unrealistic)?

215
Chapter 36 - Books

214 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 37
Chapter

Physics and
Chemistry
A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in
thegaps: Answers on p. 316

1) Einstein’s theory of (his

most famous theory) claims that the
speed of light is always constant
regardless of the (speed)
of the light source.

2) The photoelectric effect describes how

(elementary particles) are
(given off) from a metal
plate when electromagnetic radiation
hits the plate.

3) Einstein demonstrated that the energy

of the electrons is directly
(in correlation) to the (Hertz)
of the electromagnetic radiation.

4) Ammonia is composed of 1 atom of

(N) and 3 atoms of
(H). Like many other gases, the atoms
bond covalently.

5) Salt comprises 1 atom of

(Na) and 1 atom of (Cl). An
electron is transferred from Na to Cl,
producing an Na+ ion and a Cl- ion.
This is an example of an
(+
-) bond.

6) The water (compound)

consists of 2 atoms of (H) and
1 atom of (O). O is more

(pulls electrons) than H, so the

electrons in the covalent bond move
closer to the O atom, creating a
small
(+ - charge) between the
slightly positive H atom and slightly
negative O atom. This is called the
Chapter 37 - Physics and Chemistry 219
 hydrogen bond.

218 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 7) Ethanol has a lower

(evaporation temperature) than water;

therefore, we can separate the liquids
via distillation.

8) Organic compounds tend to

(dissipate) in non-polar solvents
like (C6H6), while
inorganic compounds, like metal salts,
require polar solvents, such as water.

9) The
(temperature when solid
becomes liquid) of the
descending group 1 metals
decreases.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the Answers on p. 316

questions.
1) Do you understand Einstein’s theory of (his famous theory)? Does
anyone understand it?
2) Can you remember doing any experiments with magnetic and electric
(spaces)?
3) Do you think that it might be possible, in the future, to exceed the speed of
?
4) Do you know why classical mechanics was replaced by (wave/particle)
mechanics?
5) Can you remember doing any experiments with (H+) and
(OH-) at school?
6) Would you be able to give me some examples of (compounds) that
contain (+-) and (shared electrons) bonding?
7) Would you be able to explain why ice floats on water?
8) What is the (solid to liquid) point and (evaporation)
point of water?

Chapter 37 - Physics and Chemistry 219

Answers
 Chapter 01 Work

From p. 8

A. Do these sentences make sense? Explain why or why not.

1) The new job that I landed is a cushy number. I have been slogging my
guts out ever since they took me on. (No, a cushy number is an easy job
with few hours and good pay)
2) Whenever I bump into one of my colleagues, they drone on about work, even
though that is the last thing I want to discuss. It’s so boring when people talk
shop. (Yes, talk shop means talk about work)
3) We will need to get someone to cover for her while she is on maternity leave.
(Yes, cover for sb = fill in for sb while they are absent)
4) I would love to find a dead-end job that involved menial, run-of-the-mill
tasks and very few perks. (No, nobody wants to find a dead-end job)
5) I agreed to work as a volunteer for three months, just to get my foot in the
door; these positions are in such high demand. (Yes, get your foot in the
door means do something to start work in a firm)
6) We have plenty of time to meet all of these deadlines, so we’ll have our work
cut out. (No, if you have your work cut out, then you probably won’t succeed
as it’s too hard)
7) When they offered me a promotion, I was so delighted that I handed in my
resignation. (No, why would you resign if you were delighted?)
8) The company has a very high staff turnover, so they are obliged to
constantly take on new staff to cover the vacant positions. (Yes, high staff
turnover means they constantly hire new staff and lose old staff)

B. Complete the following sentences with an

appropriate
word
From p.
9
1) I think he’s an incompetent sales-manager. If he were sacked, we’d be doing
a roaring trade.
2) Our newest employee asked so many questions that the meeting dragged on
for almost an hour.
3) We have gone to great lengths to ensure that there is no gender pay gap
and no glass ceiling.

222 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 4) We have an awful lot on the go at the moment, so we’ll be slogging our
guts out for the rest of the month.
5) She got a promotion, and her new position included many perks and a
handsome salary.
6) The Hunt brothers cornered the market in silver by accumulating huge
amounts
of the metal.
7) The tuition fees for university are exorbitant in comparison to the past.
8) The Minister for Education spoke out against those teachers that had gone
on strike, claiming that working conditions in schools had never been better.

C. Complete the following sentences with an

appropriate
word From p. 11

1) Several of the candidates have a good track record, so it will be no easy task
to narrow them down.
2) It took us four weeks to get round to patching up all the bugs in the software
because we had been up to our eyeballs with other tasks.
3) If you don’t feel up to working tomorrow, you ought to call in sick.
4) There has been gossip about redundancy packages, so it is looking more and
more likely that some staff members will be laid off.
5) Let’s pencil in the next meeting for Wednesday afternoon at 3 o clock, but if
anything crops up at the last minute, we can always put it off until the
following week.
6) We went to great lengths to finish everything off by the 1st of March.
7) Panel interviews scare me; I hate the thought of so many eyes boring into me.
8) We lost a lot of staff members in 2018; a quarter of employees handed in
their resignation and several more were relieved of their duties.

D. Which idioms do these pictures remind you of? From p. 12

1) When a company goes belly up, this means that the company has ‘gone
bust’ (or gone to the wall) in informal speech, but more formally we would say
‘gone bankrupt’.
2) She has been climbing the career ladder, but sadly she has hit a glass ceiling,
so she may pack in her job next year and look for something with better
prospects.
3) Having worked in the school for almost two years, I realised I was not cut out

Chapter 1 - Work 223

 for the profession.

224 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

4) Let’s pencil in the meeting for Saturday the 21st at 08:15 am. If you can’t make
it for any reason, let me know and we’ll call it off.

E. Fill in the spaces with the correct From p. 13

vocabulary
1) Not only am I not cut out for the police force, but also I’m not cut out to be a
fireman. I don’t have what it takes to do either of these jobs.
2) Every time I try to explain something to him, he cuts in on me; I am sick and tired
of being interrupted
3) Let’s cut out the middleman. An intermediary is totally unnecessary for this
kind of deal.
4) We already have our hands full, so we’ll have our work cut out to finish all
those tasks before the deadline.
5) The vehicle in the fast lane suddenly cut in on me at great speed; we were
terrified.
6) Cut it out! When you tap your fingers it really gets on my nerves.
7) He cut the adverts out of the magazine and stuck them in his school project.
8) You ought to cut down on smoking and drinking or else you’ll develop high
cholesterol.
9) I have come down with a nasty cold, so I don’t feel up to going into work.
10) Having been on the phone for more than 30 minutes, I got cut off. So, I
immediately called him back.

F. Correct the mistakes with From p. 14

prepositions.
1) Teachers often knock off work at half past three.
2) Let’s pencil the meeting in for Thursday at 17:00.
3) The company had to lay off another 50 staff, or else they would have gone
belly up.
4) I didn’t feel up to going into work, so I called in sick.
5) We narrowed down the number of applicants to the three with the most
relevant experience, and we invited all of them for an interview.
6) The school took me on as a supply teacher, but I was given all the menial tasks.
7) It took me three weeks to get round to finishing that project.
8) If he doesn’t show up for work tomorrow, my colleagues and I will have to fill
in for him.

Chapter 1 - Work 225

 9) We have been so snowed under for the last few days, and it looks as
though we’ll be slogging our guts out for the next two weeks.
10) Our boss went to great lengths to talk us into working at the weekend. He
even offered us twice the going rate.
11) Would you pack in your job if the working conditions got any worse?
12) Do you think you are cut out for a job in the Royal Air Force?

G. Look at the images and fill in the gaps From p. 15

1) Having picked up a nasty virus, she didn’t feel up to spending a whole day in
the office. Her nose was blocked, and she had a splitting headache. In the
end, she called in sick.
2) The company was about to go bankrupt/bust/belly up, so managers took
the decision to lay off 15 staff members. Anyone without a good track record
was relieved of their duties and given a redundancy package.
3) I am so glad I landed this job; it is such a cushy number. The perks include
a company car, a mobile phone, and the chance to work remotely for most of
the week.

H. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 15

questions.
1) What was the first job that you landed after university? How did you get your
foot in the door? What position did they take you on as? What kind of salary
did they offer you?
2) Describe the pros and cons of your current job. Is it a cushy number or a
dead- end job? What perks are included? What kind of menial tasks are
there? Do the meetings drag on? What time do you knock off? Are you often
rushed off your feet?
3) Do you know anyone who was fired? On what grounds were they sacked?
Have you ever handed in your resignation? Why did you do so? Do you
know anyone who has received a redundancy package?
4) Have you ever had a panel interview? What was the most difficult question?
Did you feel under pressure? Did you land the job?
5) Have you ever gone on strike? Under what circumstances would you decide
to go on strike?
6) Which companies have gone belly up recently? What were the causes of the
bankruptcy?
7) Which jobs are you not cut out for? Which jobs have the most attractive

226 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 salaries?

Chapter 1 - Work 227

I. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 16
prepositions:
1) Our firm have just taken on 10 new staff members as a result of the massive
surge in demand for our latest product.
2) The last few weeks have been really hectic; I have been rushed off my feet
every single day
3) The vast majority of employees have gone on strike, demanding better working
conditions and higher salaries.
4) Do you know when the next train to London arrives?
Off the top of my head, I think it’s 10:30, but I’m not sure.
5) Have you seen Peter?
He called in sick an hour ago; he doesn’t feel up to coming into the office. He
was throwing up all night, so he needs to rest.
6) I’m not cut out for life in the classroom. You need such a lot of patience to deal
with such a lot of children on a daily basis.
7) As always, our weekly meeting dragged on for an hour more than we had
planned.
8) I was first taken on as a volunteer with a film crew, but the experience helped
me get my foot in the door, so a year later I was offered a paid position.

J. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 17

prepositions:
1) He has been under a lot of pressure to reach his sales targets, so that’s why
he looks so stressed out.
2) He’s a tremendously hard-working individual, one who will always bend over
backwards to help out a colleague.
3) Jack called in sick. He has a high temperature and he is worried he will infect
his colleagues.
4) The firm went belly up during the financial crisis of 2008
5) We decided to bring forward the deadline for the completion of the project,
even though we knew that the early target was somewhat unrealistic.
6) Let’s pencil in the next lesson for Wednesday the 2nd of December
7) Sorry, I have so much on my plate at the moment. I won’t get round to
dealing with those reports until next week.
8) We need to narrow down the list of candidates for the third round of interviews.

228 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 02 Money

A. Complete the following sentences with an appropriate

word, and then discuss the questions. From p. 21

1) Do you think that loans to developing countries should be written off? What
effect would this have on the economy?
2) If you were living on the breadline, how could you supplement your income?
3) Do you know anyone living in the lap of luxury? What put them in this
position?
4) If you were earning a handsome salary, what would you splash out on?
5) Have you ever run up large debts? Were you able to pay them off?
6) Would you be able to get by on half your current salary? How would your
lifestyle change? Could you still make ends meet?
7) Which professions earn a handsome salary? Do you think they deserve to
be paid so highly?
8) Are university tuition fees astronomically high in your country? Does a
university degree lead to a handsome salary, or are you often throwing your
money down the drain?

B. Complete the following sentences with an

appropriate
word, and then discuss the From p. 21
questions.
1) Have you ever paid over the odds for anything? What did you buy, and why did
you pay more than the going rate?
2) At what time of year do shops tend to slash their prices?
3) If money were no object, what would be your ideal holiday?
4) Have you ever been to a wedding that cost an arm and a leg? What did the
happy couple splash out on?
5) If you came into a fortune, would you fritter the inheritance away in a matter
of months, or would you put some aside for a rainy day?

Chapter 2 - Money 227

 C. Complete the following sentences with an
appropriate
word, and then discuss the From p. 25
questions.
1) Do you know anyone who is self-employed? Are they raking it in? Do you
know how much they shell out on overheads and business expenses each
month?
2) Do you sort out your own tax returns, or do you use an accountant?
3) Are you saving up for anything at the moment? How much do you put aside
each month?
4) If you decided to set up your own business, what kind of business would it be?
5) Have house prices in your area skyrocketed or plummeted recently? Or have
they levelled off?

D. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions From p. 25

The graph shows that over the last 12 years, average house prices in the US have
plummeted from roughly 120 thousand dollars to just under 40 thousand dollars.
This stands in marked contrast to the real estate market in France, which
skyrocketed from 40 thousand dollars in 2009, reaching a peak of 120 thousand
dollars in 2018, then dropping rapidly to approximately 50 thousand dollars in 2021.
Property prices in the UK have followed a remarkably similar trajectory, climbing
from 60 thousand dollars in 2009 to 120 thousand dollars in 2018. From 2018 to
2021, prices fell by 80 thousand dollars, reaching a bottom of 45 thousand dollars.

E. Put a/the number or a(n)/the amount into the following

sentences: From p. 26

1) £5000 is a large amount of money.

2) Outside the station, on the other side of the street, a number of rioters gathered.
3) There has been a considerable increase in the number of people who have
given up smoking.
4) There has been a slight drop in the number of burglaries in the city centre.
5) A number of customers have complained about the shoddy service at that
restaurant.
6) Judging by the large amount of work piling up on his desk, he’s clearly got
his hands full.
7) A vast amount of non-recyclable waste builds up at the disposal centres.

228 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 F. Comment on the following sentences using noun
andadjective combinations From p. 27

Example: The company have splashed 500 000 out on new furniture for the office.

But that is a huge amount of money to spend on furniture.

1) The price of 1 Bitcoin has skyrocketed from a few dollars in 2009 to 20 000
dollars per Bitcoin in 2017. (What a dramatic rise in the price of Bitcoin!)
2) Last year, I got 79% in my chemistry test, while this year I got 81%. (That’s a
slight improvement on last year’s results)
3) Walmart’s digital sales have been growing by 39% each year, for the past 10
years. (This is a good example of robust growth)
4) The price of gold plummeted from a peak of $1850 in 2012 to just $1200
(That’s a considerable drop of $650 in the price of gold)
5) House prices have dipped only 1% this year. (This is a minuscule fall in the
price of housing)

G. Use an idiom to describe each picture. Explain what

theidiom
From p. 28
means.
A. Living in the lap of luxury

B. Rolling in it
C. Head over heels in love

D. to fork out on sth

E. Raking it in

F. Money to burn
G. Weigh up the pros and the cons

H. Living on a shoestring (budget)

Chapter 2 - Money 229

H. Correct the collocation and phrasal verb errors in
thefollowing sentences: From p. 28

1) We’ve been rolling in it since we won a fortune on the lottery. My wife came
up with the idea of splashing out on a no-expense-spared trip to celebrate
our luck.
2) That new car of yours must have cost an arm and a leg! I see that money is no
object when you are buying a vehicle.
3) If you don’t compare prices in other shops, you will end up paying over the
odds; check out some other websites, or you risk throwing your money
down the drain.
4) As he has recently come into a lot of money, he ought to put some aside for a
rainy day. It’s so easy to run through a huge sum quickly, and the last thing
he wants is to fritter it all away in a matter of weeks.
5) We will have to fork/shell out a great deal of money on taxes at the end of the
month, so we’ll be scrimping and saving for the next few weeks.

I. Do these sentences make sense? Explain why or why not.

From p. 29

1) He’s been having trouble making ends meet; he must be rolling in it! (No – a
man rolling in it has lots of money)
2) We decided to fork out thousands of pounds on a lovely no-expense-spared
Caribbean cruise, and it was worth every penny. (No – fork out is
reluctantly pay)
3) I heard on the grapevine that he came into a fortune when his uncle died, so I’m
sure he has money to burn. (Yes)
4) The government will write off your student loan if you agree to pay it all off
further down the road. (No – how can they write it off if you agree to pay it
off?)
5) I see that the going rate for an average laptop is about £500, so I think you paid
over the odds when you coughed up £700 for your one. (Yes)
6) It is the January sales so loads of shops have slashed their prices; I saw
several items of clothing that were going for a song. (Yes)
7) Preferring to err on the side of caution, I decided to fritter the money away. (No.
Fritter money away is not careful)

230 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 8) I was extremely wealthy as a student, so money was no object for me, and I
spent those years living in the lap of luxury, scrimping and saving as much as
I could. (No – we don’t need to scrimp and save if we’re living in the lap
of luxury)

J. Rewrite the words in bold with idioms and phrasal

verbs
from this From p. 30
chapter
1) He earns a handsome salary/a fortune, working as a defence lawyer in the
Crown Court.
2) I heard on the grapevine that interest rates will remain at low levels for the
next few years, so now is a good time to take out a loan or mortgage.
3) He came into a lot of money when his grandfather died; he ought to err on
the side of caution and put it aside for a year or two. If he doesn’t, he will
fritter it all away.
4) You splashed out on a new Ferrari?! That must have cost an arm and a leg.
I hope you didn’t pay over the odds (pay through the nose) for it.
5) They fell head over heels in love, planning a no-expense-spared wedding
with a honeymoon in the Caribbean.
6) If you keep throwing your money down the drain, your parents will need
bail you out. Do you really want to fall back on their help?

K. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 30

words:
1) Having been searching for holidays all day, we have decided to splash out
on a no-expense-spared trip to Cornwall.
2) As a student, I supplemented my income by working for the local council.
3) How long do you think it will take you to pay off/back your student loan?
- I am sure it will be at least 10 years.
4) He has borrowed heavily from several banks, running up huge debts in the
process that he will never be able to pay off.
5) We don’t have many funds for the project, so we are doing everything on a
shoestring budget
6) Unfortunately her husband has just been made redundant, so now they only
have one salary. They aren’t sure they’ll be able to make ends meet.
7) He came into a fortune when his uncle died, so now he is living in the lap of
luxury.

Chapter 2 - Money 231

8) A lot of people think that university degrees in certain subjects, such as the
humanities, are not worth the paper they are printed on.

L. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 31

prepositions:
1) Have you ever taken out a loan that you haven’t been able to pay back?
2) Do you think the price of gold will bottom out at 1800 dollars, or do you think
it could plummet even further?
3) If you came into a fortune, would you fritter the money away in a matter of
minutes, or would you put most of it aside for a rainy day?
4) Do you sort out your own tax returns, or do you have an accountant?
5) Have you ever paid over the odds for an item? What was it, and what is the
going rate for such an item? How much did they overcharge you?
6) I think you’re paying through the nose for those tennis lessons. The going rate
is about half of what you are forking out.
7) I heard a rumour on the grapevine that he has set up a new business with
negligible overheads.
8) At the end of the night, we all went in on a large pizza costing £20. There were
four of us, so we each chipped in £5.

M. Fill in the gaps with the missing prepositions: From p. 31

1) When I was a teenager, every week I put by/aside £5 so that I could afford to
go on the skiing trip with my classmates. I was earning money as a paperboy,
and £5 was about half of my weekly wages.
2) Pundits have suggested that the price of oil will have peaked at 180 dollars
by the third quarter of this year.
3) There has been a modest rise of 1-2% in house prices.
4) The cost of a loaf of bread has increased by more than 50%
5) Our profits this year are a slight improvement on last year’s.
6) The kids flatly refused to share, so I had to shell out on 2 hotel rooms in the
end.
7) b) The number of cars on the road has dramatically increased
8) b) I have lost count of the number of times that I have heard this word being
used incorrectly.

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 Chapter 03 Crime

A. Match the crimes above with the following descriptions:

From p. 35

1) In the dead of night, the 3 men rowed quietly onto the beach and unloaded 20
large boxes full of untaxed whiskey. (smuggling)
2) Having broken into their old school, the teenagers set fire to some books and
ran away as soon as the fire got out of control. (arson)
3) He leers at her, makes lewd remarks in her presence, and he was even
groping her at the Christmas party. (sexual harassment)
4) While we were away on holiday, someone managed to climb through an open
window; unfortunately, they stole everything they could get their hands on.
(burglary)
5) We had photos of the Foreign Minister in a compromising position with his
unacknowledged lover, so we threatened to send the photos to the
newspaper if he didn’t hand over 1 million pounds. (blackmail)
6) There was compelling evidence that the suspect had paid the policeman
some money, and this was why the officer had turned a blind eye to his
crimes. (bribery)
7) The youngster was abducted while he was on his way to school, and the
perpetrators are now demanding a ransom of 1 million pounds for his safe
release. (kidnapping)
8) The culprit threatened to beat me up if I didn’t give him my wallet and my
phone. (mugging)
9) The victim was taken to a remote location and then forced to have sex. (rape)
10) The accountant was sending some of the profits into his own personal account.
(fraud)
11) Having bought the cocaine and ecstasy, he would sell these on to other dealers.
(drug dealing)

Chapter 3 - Crime 233

B. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases
andidioms about
From p. 37
crime.
1) The authorities are asking for witnesses to come forward, hoping to get a
good description of the perpetrator/culprit.
2) In the wake of three stabbings in the city centre, politicians have promised to
clamp/come/crack down on anyone caught in possession of a deadly
weapon. Some have even suggested that custodial sentences of less than 1
year are not severe enough.
3) In broad daylight, three armed robbers made away with more than 30000
pounds in cash, having held up the local post office at gunpoint.
4) Police received an anonymous tip off concerning an attack on a politician.
As a result, a man armed with a knife has been arrested, but he claims to
have been in the wrong place at the wrong time.
5) The crime rate has been soaring for several months, so the public would like
to see the police step up their efforts to bring the perpetrators to justice, and
to see the courts hand out less lenient sentences.
6) The boys were stopped and searched; as the police were rifling through
their pockets, they discovered two offensive weapons.

C. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases

andidioms about From p. 39
crime.
1) The man was arrested and taken into custody. Later, he will be
interrogated by detectives, and if he doesn’t have a watertight alibi, he will
probably be charged.
2) The authorities have asked the public to be on the lookout for a pickpocket
and his accomplice. The accomplice asks the victim for directions, making
out that he is a tourist from out of town, while his associate rifles through the
victim’s pockets.
3) Many people have been taken in by online fishing scams. The criminals gain
your confidence by sending an email which contains your bank’s logo. If you
hand over your account details, they can cheat you out of all your savings.
4) The prime suspect has been described as 6 feet tall and rather thin. The
authorities would like to corroborate his whereabouts on the night in question.

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 D. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases
andidioms about
From p. 43
crime.
1) One of the most famous miscarriages of justice involved a whole family
accused of making bombs for a terrorist organization. In spite of the fact that
the police had clearly tampered with the evidence, the family members
were put on trial for terrorism and found guilty. Even the two youngest
members were sent down/put away for 8 and 9 years.
2) The culprit is unlikely to receive a custodial sentence for such a petty crime.
It seems more likely that he will either be given a fine or community service.
3) The jury decide if you are guilty or innocent, and the judge decides what your
punishment will be.
4) He was arrested on trumped-up charges, and then taken to court. However,
his defence lawyer showed compelling evidence that he had nothing to do
with the crime, so the accused was acquitted.
5) The judge decided to be lenient, as he could see that several mitigating factors
had played a role in the crime.

E. Choose the correct From p. 44

collocation.
1) The prosecution lawyer demonstrated that the defendant must have tampered
with the evidence.
2) If the jury find him guilty, he will probably receive a fairly lenient punishment,
such as community service.
3) He was hoping to be acquitted, but the jury found him guilty, and he was put
away for 5 years.
4) If a young person commits a serious offence, he might be given a custodial
sentence, which usually means spending time in a young offenders’ institute.
5) If you are caught in possession of drugs or firearms at the border, you will
probably be sent down for smuggling.
6) He was arrested on trumped charges, but the jury quickly found him not
guilty as the evidence was blatantly unreliable.

F. Correct the mistakes with From p. 44

prepositions.
1) He was arrested for murder, but really he was in the wrong place at the wrong
time. I think the jury will see this and he will be acquitted.

Chapter 3 - Crime 235

2) He finds it very easy to take in the elderly; he cheated his latest victim out of
his life savings in a couple of days.
3) The robbers threatened the bank teller at gunpoint, and the bank teller handed
over more than £20000.
4) As rates of mugging in the city-centre are soaring, the government has
promised to clamp down on theft and violent crime.
5) The accused made out that he was an employee of the bank in order to gain
entry to the property.
6) The murderer’s accomplice has also been identified, and he was taken into
custody last week.

G. Complete each sentence using one word. From p. 45

1) The prosecution failed to prove beyond all reasonable doubt that the witness
was unreliable, and this is why the defendant was acquitted.
2) The prime suspect had a watertight alibi, so the police had to release him.
3) The three assailants wearing balaclavas were armed with knives.
4) He was taken into custody on trumped-up charges; a week later, he was
released.
5) When the police interrogated his wife, she corroborated his alibi.

H. Look at the pictures and complete the From p. 45

sentences
1) She rifled through her bag, looking for her purse. In the end, she fished it out.
2) The attacker mugged the young lady at gunpoint. He made off with expensive
jewellery and 500 pounds in cash.
3) The prime suspect was interogated for 2 hours, but the police were unable to
drag a confession out of him.
4) The 12 members of the jury reached a unanimous verdict of guilty. The
judge sentenced the accused to five years in prison. The defence lawyers
plan to appeal on behalf of their client.

I. Fill in the gaps and discuss the following From p. 46

questions
1) What do you think of the police and legal ( judicial) system in your country?
2) Have you ever been the victim of a crime or witnessed (seen) a crime? What
happened?

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 3) At what age should a person be responsible (accountable) for his actions?
What forms of punishment are suitable for young offenders who commit
(carry out) petty crimes?
4) Have you ever been to court? Do you know anyone who has been to court?
5) Should the death penalty (capital punishment) exist for serious crimes?
6) Do you think everyone should have the right (legal permission) to possess a
gun?
7) Should the victims (injured party) of crime be allowed to defend themselves?
8) Which crimes are common in your area? How do you think the authorities
should tackle (deal with) these crimes?
9) Do you think prison should punish or rehabilitate (improve person)?

J. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: From p. 47

1) Which crime involves setting fire to something? (arson!)

2) The detectives have found compelling evidence that the prime suspect was
responsible for setting off a bomb in the city centre, which resulted in the
death of an innocent bystander.
3) There were no signs of forced entry, so the police have concluded that the
victim might have known the assailant and let him in through the front door.
4) In the wake of the robbery, 2 witnesses have come forward and given their
statements to the police.
5) 3 men have been arrested under suspicion of holding up the post office in broad
daylight.
6) Which crime involves the use of compromising photos and videos to extract
money from someone? (blackmail!)
7) The defendant got a 3-year prison sentence for trafficking illicit substances.
8) The two culprits broke into the property in the dead of night, knowing that
no one was inside, and made off with more than 50 000 pounds worth’ of
stolen goods.

K. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: From p. 47

1) The burglar was caught red-handed, rifling through the victim’s belongings
when she opened the front door.

Chapter 3 - Crime 237

 2) The local courts are clamping down on pickpockets, imposing custodial
sentences on persistent and prolific offenders.
3) The con-man targeted elderly, vulnerable victims, gaining their confidence by
claiming to be a local councillor.
4) All 3 juveniles were charged with being in possession of a deadly weapon.
5) The accused was found guilty of a brutal assault on an elderly man, but the
courts decided that a lenient (not harsh) punishment would be best, so he
got a suspended sentence rather than a custodial sentence.
6) The mugger forced the victim at gunpoint to hand over both his wallet and
his watch. He is described as being more than 6 feet tall, with gangly arms, a
double chin, and a scar on his right cheek.
7) The local authorities have stepped up their efforts to crack down on the soaring
crime rate by putting more bobbies on the beat.
‘Bobbies on the beat’ = policemen on the street (a bobby is an old informal word
for a policeman)

8) You should always be on the lookout for ‘phishing scams’ when you check
your emails. These are emails, sent by fraudsters, which make out that they
are from your bank or your PayPal account.

L. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 48

words:
1) There is compelling evidence that the murderer must have had an accomplice
who drove him away from the scene of the crime.
2) The police have been unable to corroborate the prime suspect’s alibi on the
night in question.
3) Perhaps as a result of the unreliable witness testimony, the jury found the
defendant not guilty, and his acquittal has come as a massive relief to his
family and friends.
4) The accused claims that the police planted the illicit substances in his car as
this would give them an excuse for a more thorough search of his property.
5) Even though the police certainly have their suspicions about the identity of
the perpetrator, they don’t have enough evidence to bring the case to
court/trial.
6) He was convicted of drink driving, and he received a 2-year driving ban.
7) He was convicted of fraud, though the judge did acknowledge there were
several extenuating/mitigating circumstances that demanded a more
lenient sentence.

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 8) There were allegations that the accused had tampered with the evidence,
but under cross-examination by the prosecution, the allegations were shown
to be groundless.

Chapter 3 - Crime 239

 Chapter 04 Health

A. Insert the words into the following From p. 50

sentences
1) Unfortunately, the surgeon made a mistake during the operation, and cut
open her shin with the scalpel. The cut is deep, and will take weeks to heal.
2) The patient was diagnosed with a rare form of cancer. Doctors treated his
disease with chemotherapy, but sadly the patient didn’t pull through.
3) The preacher walked among the congregation, asking for the sick to come
forward. Two men were brought on stretchers, and he passed his hands over
both men with his eyes closed in concentration, in an effort to heal them.
4) The experts thought that the patient would be blind for the rest of his life, but
after a 3-week course of injections, his power of sight returned. He had been
completely cured of his terrible affliction.

B. Do the following sentences make sense? Why or why not?

From p. 53

1) The victim had been stabbed in the chest, so the doctors put a plaster on the
gaping wound. (NO – a plaster is for small cuts. This man will need stitches)
2) The surgeons cured him for 3 hours, but sadly the patient died from his wounds.
(NO – the surgeons treated him, rather than cured him)
3) One of the symptoms of appendicitis is a sharp pain below the ribs. (YES –
this is true)
4) Arms covered in an itchy rash, the young boy was sent to the school nurse.
She wrapped one arm in bandages, but put the other arm in plaster. (NO –
bandages and plaster are for cuts and broken bones)
5) His arms and face had been badly burned by the firework; blisters covered
most of the skin, and it took months for them to heal. (YES – this is what
would happen)
6) It was freezing that day, so must of us were sweating profusely. (NO – we
shiver when we are cold)
7) His broken leg was put in plaster so that the bone would be protected as
(YES – this is logical)

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 8) I’ve been feeling drowsy all day, so I am ready to party all night. (NO – a
drowsy person is sleepy)

C. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases

and idioms about health. From p. 56

1) When you take this antibiotic, there are a number of adverse reactions you
may experience, including dizziness, profuse sweating, and splitting
headaches. Fatigue could be a problem, and your joints may be stiff.
2) When I twisted my ankle, the joint was swollen, so I put some ice on the bruise
and made an appointment to see the GP.
3) The parasite latches onto to the skin of the animal, and then feeds off/on the
blood of its host.
4) If you keep taking the medicine that the doctor prescribed for a few more
days, the symptoms will clear up by the end of the week.
5) Some experts claim that the bubonic plague, also known as the black death,
was spread by fleas or rats, but others dispute these controversial theories.
6) I came down with a nasty virus last week. The symptoms included vomiting,
a nausea, and diarrhea.

D. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases

and idioms about health. From p. 58

1) If you turn very quickly while doing an intense sport, there is a danger you will
sprain your wrist/twist your ankle.
2) When they jumped up to head the ball, their heads collided, and they both
suffered from concussion. The referee had to call an ambulance, as one of
them passed out/blacked out/fainted.
3) His leg was put in plaster, and he had to use crutches for a couple of months.
4) Doubling/Keeling over in excruciating agony, he clutched at his chest, feeling
light in the head and short/out of breath.
5) It’s always a good idea to warm up before doing any sport.
6) Sweating profusely, his heart beating faster and faster, he walked further into
the dark forest. An overwhelming sense of anxiety slowly came over him.

Chapter 4 - Health 241

E. Rewrite the words in bold with common phrases
and idioms about health. From p. 61

1) He has always suffered from high levels of cholesterol in his blood and
high blood pressure, so it came as no surprise when he had a stroke.
Fortunately, he pulled through a few weeks later.
2) He always gives me sound advice.
3) Gulping down huge mouthfuls of cider, his speech was slurred. Later on in
the evening, he was throwing up in the toilet.
4) A lump suddenly sprouted up on his right shoulder. Having had a biopsy,
his cancer was confirmed.
5) I twisted my ankle while playing football. The ankle immediately swelled up,
and it only went down a few weeks later.

F. Choose the option that makes the most From p. 61

sense
1) His mother could see that his nose was running, so she bent over to wipe his
face with a tissue.
2) Out of breath and sweating profusely, the patient clutched his chest, keeling
over in agony.
3) His blood pressure was higher than any other patient in the ward.
4) At first, the doctors were convinced that he would never recover from the
stroke, but in the end, he pulled through.
5) When a person feels as though their head is going round in circles, we say
that the person is dizzy.
6) When red spots appear suddenly on the skin, we call this a rash, and they
can often itch.

G. Which medical problems are the following symptoms

referring to? Choose from heart attack, flu, stroke, food
poisoning, broken leg, allergic reaction, concussion From p. 61

1) People suffering from this have a high temperature (above 38 degrees),

fatigue and profuse sweating in spite of feeling cold. They may also have a
rasping cough, blocked nose and sore throat. (Flu)
2) People suffering from this throw up violently and also have diarrhea. However,
these uncomfortable symptoms don’t usually last very long. (Food poisoning)

242 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 3) People suffering from this will often have slurred speech, a drooping smile, and
a weakness on one side of the body. (A stroke)
4) People suffering from this will often break out in a rash. (An allergic reaction)
5) People suffering from this will need to use crutches if the injury is particularly
serious, and their limb may be put in plaster for several weeks. (A broken
leg)
6) People suffering from this often double over with a sharp pain in the chest,
and they may sweat profusely and be short of breath. (A heart attack)
7) People suffering from this have a headache, and they may temporarily pass
out. They may also have amnesia (forgetfulness), confusion and dizziness.
(Concussion)
From p. 62

H. Fill in the missing words and then discuss the

questions
1) When was the last time you came down with a nasty illness? What
symptoms did you have?
2) Have you ever suffered adverse reactions to a form of treatment? What kind
of side effects were they?
3) Are you allergic to anything? Do you break out in a rash when exposed to this?
4) Have you ever had an arm or leg put in plaster? How did you get injured? Did
you have to use crutches (sticks to help you walk)?
5) How should you treat someone who has a twisted ankle? What is the best way
to make the swelling go down?
6) Do you ever experience insomnia (difficulty getting to sleep)? What is the
best way to cope with this problem?

I. Fill in the missing prepositions From p. 62

1) The parasite latches onto the fur of its victim, digs into the skin, then feeds off
the blood of its host.
2) He reached out to call for an ambulance, but passed out, clutching his chest in
excruciating agony.
3) If the swelling doesn’t go down in a few days, I will go to Accident and
Emergency and have an X-ray; they might need to put my leg in plaster.
4) An overwhelming sense of fear and trepidation came over him when he
learned that he would need to go through another surgical procedure.
5) Even though my symptoms had already cleared up, I carried on taking the
antibiotics just to be on the safe side.

Chapter 4 - Health 243

6) There must be a nasty virus going round the class, because several of his
classmates have been throwing up.

J. Look at the pictures and describe the From p. 63

symptoms
1) My doctor thinks I ought to stop using the new washing powder, and I reckon
this is sound advice; every time I use it, my nose won’t stop running and I
break out in a rash. I’m probably allergic to it.
2) That morning, he felt light headed and out of breath, but by the afternoon he
was gasping for air and clutching his chest in agony. Finally, he
keeled/doubled over in the middle of the office, so we called for an
ambulance.
3) At first, we thought he had simply twisted his ankle or pulled a muscle;
however, when we looked at the X-ray, we found out that the bone was
broken, so the doctors put his foot in plaster. He was also given crutches.

K. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: From p. 64

1) A scar is a mark on the skin where a cut has healed up.

2) If the cut is very deep, you will probably need stitches to close the wound.
3) Unfortunately, there is no cure for cancer; doctors must rely on potentially
dangerous forms of treatment, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
4) A bruise is a mark on the skin that appears after being hit with something
hard. It appears soon after the trauma, and it changes colour (from blue to
black to yellow) over the course of a few days.
5) First I felt dizzy; then my legs went weak, and I was short of breath. A few
minutes later, I passed out.
6) When he fainted, he collapsed to the ground, striking his head on the pavement.
His doctors say that the X ray shows a fractured skull.
7) While I was playing football, I made a late tackle that resulted in excruciating
pain in my leg. My knee was bruised and swollen the next day, and it took the
rest of the week for the swelling to go down.
8) Tossing, turning, and sweating profusely, I couldn’t sleep all night. And by the
morning, I had come out in an itchy rash. Now I can’t stop scratching.

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 L. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: From p. 65

1) He called in sick this morning. He says he has come down with a nasty
stomach
bug.
2) My nose has been running/bleeding all day, and it just won’t stop.
3) As soon as he arrived at the hospital, he threw up in the Accident and
Emergency Unit.
4) The parasite had dug deeply into my skin, so I had to use tweezers to rip/tear
it out.
5) I was so dizzy that I thought I was going to pass out, but the symptoms
cleared up in a matter of hours.
6) This parasite feeds on the blood of mammals, spreading contagious
diseases from one species to another.
7) Erring on the side of caution, the doctor decided to prescribe me some
powerful antibiotics.
8) My joints have been so sore/stiff for the last few days that I haven’t been
able to do any exercise or even just go for a stroll.

M. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 65

words:
1) I’m afraid that the X ray shows the leg is broken in three places. We will need
to put it in plaster while the injury heals.
2) Unfortunately, he choked to death when a tomato got stuck in his throat, and
he was unable to spit it out.
3) The ambulance crew gave the injured man first aid, but his heart soon
stopped beating, and they were unable to resuscitate him with CPR.
4) Having had a stroke, my uncle developed a drooping smile and slurred speech.
5) Having finished the marathon, the runner was completely out of breath, his
heart pounding fast.
6) My sister-in-law is an epileptic, and she is taking medicine to reduce the
chance that she will have a fit/seizure.
7) He hasn’t been able to go to toilet regularly, so he is taking some medicine for
his constipation.
8) When he keeled over, clutching his chest in excruciating agony, I knew he
was having a heart attack.

Chapter 4 - Health 245

 Chapter 05 Driving

A. Fill in the missing From p. 70

prepositions
1) The driver got into his vehicle, buckled up, put his keys in the ignition, revved
up the engine, checked his mirrors for approaching vehicles, and then
carefully pulled out of his parking space.
2) The police decided to pull the vehicle over because it was being driven recklessly.
3) If you fall asleep at the wheel, you may end up veering off the road.
4) Unfortunately, we turned off at the wrong junction, got lost in the town centre,
and then ran out of petrol.
5) I had been waiting for 30 minutes for my mate to pick me up, so I was
relieved when his car finally drew up outside.
6) Unfortunately, we broke down on the return journey; one of the tyres got a
puncture, so we had to pull over and fix it. Fortunately, we had a spare wheel
in the boot.
7) As I was pulling into the parking space, I got distracted by some pedestrians
and scratched the side of the car.
8) You’ll need to fill up with petrol before you head off on such a long journey.

B. Fill in the sentences with the correct From p. 71

word
1) If you want to leave your car parked on a hill, please don’t forget to use the
handbrake, or it may roll away while you are gone.
2) To start the engine, you will need to put your keys in the ignition.
3) If you want to bear left or bear right, you will need to use the steering wheel.
4) Don’t step on the brake too sharply during icy weather, or else the car may skid.
5) If you get a flat tyre, you will have to pull over, and change the wheel.
Hopefully, you keep a spare wheel in the boot.
6) If you want to speed up, you will need to move up a gear.
7) I always keep a map in the glove compartment, as sometimes my phone
runs out of energy.
8) You need to use the gear stick in order to put the car in reverse.

246 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 9) Always check your wing and rear-view mirror before pulling out into traffic.
10) There is a crack in the windscreen, so I have to go to the service centre and get
it fixed.

C. Replace the word in bold with an antonym so that

the sentence makes sense. From p. 74

1) We were running low on petrol, so I had to pull into a garage and fill up the
tank.
2) You’ll have to step on the accelerator to get there on time; it’s at least a 2-hour
drive from here, but the party starts in 90 minutes.
3) If the weather is too icy, the tyres may slip and the driver may lose control of
the vehicle.
4) The kids were bickering again, and their noise put me off my driving; I turned
round to tell them both off, and it was at that moment that we crashed into the
side of the van.
5) He had already received so many fines for exceeding the speed limit, but
this time he was banned from driving for 3 months.
6) They gave me a breathalyser to see whether I was under the influence of illicit
substances, but the result was negative.
7) The driver in the car behind me put his foot down, overtook me on the inside
lane, and then cut me up, giving me very little time to step on the brake.
8) I was particularly lucky when I was returning home; I walked out of the train
station, needing a ride home, and a taxi immediately pulled up at the taxi
rank.

D. Replace the word in bold with a synonym so that

the sentence makes sense. From p. 76

1) The busiest time of day to be on the roads is the rush hour. If you hate getting
stuck in traffic jams, wait until the traffic dies down.
2) The traffic is crawling slowly on the M6 due to a huge pile-up involving 10
cars. 7 people have been seriously injured, and two are in critical condition.
3) You can expect lengthy delays if you are heading out on the M6 today, as the
heavy traffic is tailing back 15km.
4) An articulated lorry was involved in a head-on collision with multiple
vehicles yesterday. The driver is believed to have nodded off while at the
wheel, veered into the other lane, and then crashed into the oncoming

Chapter 5 - Driving 247

 traffic.

248 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

5) The police charged the driver with exceeding the speed limit, and this time
the courts have decided he will face an 18-month driving ban.
6) I wasn’t able to step on the brakes in time because the driver beside me cut
in on me (cut me up).

E. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: From p. 77

1) The wedding ceremony starts in 20 minutes. We will be late if you don’t put
your foot down.
2) On the way to the hotel, one of our rear wheels got a puncture, so we had to
stop to change the tyre.
3) Having gone through a red light, the driver was pulled over by the police and
given a fine.
4) We have almost run out of petrol. We need to pull into the next petrol station
and fill up.
5) It’s important to take regular breaks on any long drive; if the driver
nods/dozes/ drops off at the wheel, the car is likely to veer off the road.
6) I was flagged down by a traffic policeman, and when I wound down the window,
he asked to see my documents.
7) I got in(to) my van, fastened my seatbelt, checked my mirrors, then pulled
out into traffic.
8) As I was pulling/backing/reversing out of the parking space, I crashed into
another vehicle. I should have checked my rear-view mirror.

F. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 77

words:
1) The police pulled him over as they thought he was driving recklessly. The
driver was found to have more than three times the legal limit of alcohol in his
blood, so he was charged with driving under the influence.
2) An articulated lorry jackknifed on the motorway, and several more cars
ploughed/crashed into the vehicle when it finally came to a stop.
Miraculously, no one was seriously injured.
3) Please avoid the M6 motorway if you can: traffic is tailing back more than 6
km from junction 13 in the northbound direction.
4) A pedestrian was run over yesterday in broad daylight in the centre of town,
and the driver failed to stop or give first aid to the victim.

Chapter 5 - Driving 249

 5) We got stuck in a huge traffic jam while we were on our way home.
6) He was charged with drink driving and given a 2-year driving ban.
7) A brand new sports car cut in on me (= cut me up), so I had slam the brakes to
avoid a collision.
8) When the driver slammed the brakes, the wheels locked, and the road being so
icy that morning, the car skidded more than 50 metres down the road.

G. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 78

words:
1) If we don’t step up a gear, we are unlikely to meet our deadline.
2) All of these arguments about money have driven a wedge between us.
3) The pedestrian suddenly walked into the main road, and I had to swerve to
narrowly avoid knocking him over. (Turn slightly to avoid hitting something)
4) When you approach the roundabout, you should always give way to the traffic
coming from the right.
5) It is forbidden to park anywhere in the city centre. All cars that violate the
parking rules will be towed away within 24 hours of being discovered.
6) When we got back to the car, we saw a large yellow clamp on one of the
wheels.
7) While the PM last week insisted that an enquiry into his own misconduct was
unnecessary, he has now been forced to do a U turn, admitting that such an
investigation would be in the public interest.
8) When we got a puncture, we pulled over at the earliest and safest opportunity
and put the hazard lights on.

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 Chapter 06 Binomials and Trinomials

A. Please fill in the gaps: From p. 80

1) Learning thousands of collocations is part and parcel of learning any language.

2) You should only marry that person who is ready, willing, and able to go with
you through thick and thin. There are bound to be plenty of ups and downs
in any relationship.
3) I want every nook and cranny of this house looking totally immaculate for when
my sister pays us a flying visit.
4) The world economy has gone to rack (or ‘wrack’) and ruin thanks to the
loose monetary policies of the last few decades.
5) He’s been driving me mad the whole day, ranting and raving about how
much he loathes his neighbour.
6) The new legislation renders all previous laws null and void, in the sense that
they are no longer legally binding.
7) I would guess that it’ll take us an hour to get to London, give or take a few
minutes, and assuming that the roads aren’t heavily congested.
8) He’s a Mancunian, born and bred. His accent gives him away.
9) The information was leaked slowly to the press, in dribs and drabs, dragging
the scandal out for a lot longer, and smearing the minister’s reputation for a
lot longer.
10) I was so surprised when I heard that he parties at illegal raves in the forest. He
just seemed far too prim and proper to be doing something like that.

B. Please fill in the gaps: From p. 80

1) Personal greetings, smiles, and helpful hints gave every passenger the best
possible service, while many crew members went above and beyond with
their charisma and enthusiasm, turning this cruise into the most memorable
voyage of our lives.
2) How can we live a happy life? First, we must appreciate all that we have,
rather than thirst for all that we don’t have; second, we must learn to control
ourselves in the face of the most terrible hardship. And last but by no means
least, we must learn to forgive ourselves when we fail the first and the
second.

Chapter 5 - Driving 251

 3) I had insomnia for hours last night; I just lay there, tossing and turning and
sweating profusely.
4) Pub landlords have been moaning and groaning about the new restrictions
that have been imposed on pubs and night clubs, but the Prime Minister has
told them to put up or shut up.
5) I have decided to invite all my nearest and dearest to the party, so I will send
out the invitations in the not-too-distant future.
6) He fought tooth and nail against his opponent, beating him black and blue.
7) The rescue party risked life and limb to make their ascent up the mountain,
and it was not in vain; in the end, the little boy was located, safe and sound,
and returned to his mother.
8) Her kitchen was absolutely spotless, always spick and span, never a spoon
nor a spatula in the wrong space.

C. Please fill in the gaps: From p. 81

1) Don’t just marry any Tom, Dick, or Harry! You should only marry that person
who is ready, willing, and able to go with you through thick and thin.
2) I want you to tidy up your room, empty the dishwasher, and finish your
homework,
and I don’t want to hear any ifs, ands, or buts.
3) We decided to play a practical joke on him, and he fell for it hook, line and
sinker.
4) Truly, madly, deeply, they gazed into each others’ eyes, and promised to love,
honour, and obey until death do them part.
5) He was not, in any way, shape, or form, tall, dark, and handsome; in fact, short,
swarthy, and scruffy would be a far more apt description.
6) You need to learn this phrase because you will come across it in books and
articles left, right, and centre, and you will hear it on TV morning, noon, and
night.
7) We have a legal system which consists of a number of different people
because it wouldn’t be fair to have one person that served as judge, jury, and
executioner.
8) I keep bumping into the same neighbour. Whenever I am out and about, he
shows up here, there, and everywhere.

Chapter 6 - Binomials and Trinomials 251

D. Please examine the images and guess the
missing binomials and trinomials: From p. 82

1) I was born and bred in a rough part of town, full of run-down buildings and
boarded-up windows.
2) When the owners of the old restaurant moved out, the place went to rack and
ruin.
3) There is a lot of wear and tear both inside and outside the property, so
prospective buyers must be ready, willing, and able to splash out on
refurbishments.
4) The fireman risked life and limb when he entered the raging inferno, knowing
that a little girl was still trapped inside.
5) Having bravely gone above and beyond the call of duty, the child was
returned safe and sound to her nearest and dearest
6) Thanks to her husband’s snoring, she was tossing and turning all night, not
able to get a wink of sleep.
7) In the morning, when it was time to rise and shine, she had a splitting headache
and didn’t feel up to going to the office.
8) Uncle Felix has always been all fingers and thumbs - last week his hand was
black and blue after a painful miscalculation with a hammer.
9) Blood, sweat, and tears are part and parcel of most home improvements.

E. Please fill in the gaps: From p. 83

1) If you are going to get married, you have to be prepared to stick together through
thick and thin.
2) Students often rant and rave about how astronomically expensive their tuition
fees are.
3) Memorizing hundreds of thousands of collocations is part and parcel of
becoming fluent in a second language.
4) Jack spilt a glass of wine all over my new trousers, but I was not surprised:
he has always been all fingers and thumbs.
5) His flat looked as though a bomb had hit it. The place had been going to rack
and ruin ever since he moved in.
6) You can tell that he is a Londoner born and bred. He has such a thick London
accent, so he must have grown up there.

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 7) When compelling evidence was presented that ballot boxes had been
tampered with and voting forms had been faked, the election was declared
null and void.
8) I can’t find my keys anywhere! I have looked in every nook and cranny of this
flat, but they seem to have vanished into thin air.

F. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: From p. 83

1) I can understand why he has climbed the career ladder so quickly: he has
always been willing to go above and beyond what’s required of him, often
working overtime to ensure that deadlines are met.
2) When I got home from work, the kitchen was looking spick and span, so I knew
that the cleaner had been there before me.
3) Allow me to introduce my cousin, Peter; my uncle, Jack; and last but not least,
my sister-in-law, Maria.
4) If you want to work as a fireman, you have to be prepared to risk life and limb.
5) I don’t like the way she is always running around after her husband. She
seems to be at his beck and call, more a servant than a wife.
6) The newspapers have threatened to name and shame all the perpetrators
that were involved in this crime.
7) The victim had been beaten black and blue, and the police were eagerly
looking for witnesses.
8) I spent all night tossing and turning, dwelling on the dilemma in front of me,
unable to get even a wink of sleep.

G. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 84

words:
1) I want you to carry out all my instructions to the letter: no ifs, no ands, no
buts.
2) I can promise you that I am not, in any way, shape, or form, angry with you.
3) Are you ready, willing, and able to help me out at the weekend?
4) During the wedding ceremony, the couple exchanged their vows to love,
honour, and obey each other morning, noon, and night, come hell or high
water.
5) I’ve heard that they have 500 guests coming to their wedding. They must
have invited every Tom, Dick, and Harry that they know.
6)
A) If I had spent more time revising for my exams, I would have got top marks.
Chapter 6 - Binomials and Trinomials 253
 B) Could’ve, would’ve, should’ve (often pronounced ‘coulda, woulda, shoulda’)

254 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

7) I really like the detective in this TV show; he’s so cool, calm, and collected. In
every episode, he acts as though he knows nothing about the crime, but in
reality he is luring the suspect into a trap, and the criminal falls for it hook,
line, and sinker.
8) In winter, people left, right, and centre are turning down their thermostats,
trying to save money on their skyrocketing energy bills.

Chapter 6 - Binomials and Trinomials 255

 Chapter 07 War and Peace

A. Please use the images and the words in italics to fill in

thegaps: From p. 86

1) The Greeks laid siege to Troy for 10 years, but they were unable to
overcome the impenetrable city walls.
2) Although the Greeks sustained heavy casualties in the intense battles, many
Trojans were captured (caught), then sold as slaves. Those less fortunate
were simply slaughtered (butchered, killed)
3) Having used a clever trick to infiltrate the city gates, the Greeks jumped out
of the horse, ambush (surprise attack) the guards, then proceeded to
plunder (pillage) the whole city.
4) The First World War erupted (broke out) when Archduke Ferdinand, the heir to
the throne of Austria-Hungary, was assassinated by a Serbian rebel.
5) Austria-Hungary immediately declared (announced) war on Serbia. Serbia
had made an alliance (pact) with Russia, while Austri-Hungary had made an
alliance (pact) with Germany.
6) Heavy artillery (guns) was used extensively, with men in front-line positions
being constantly shelled (bombarded).
7) For many years, the two countries had been bitter (arch) enemies, but the
tanks started to spill (roll) over the border, into the disputed (contested)
territory, after an unprovoked (uncalled-for) attack on a border post.
8) As soon as the invasion started, local troops launched a counter attack
(opposing strike) and several civilians were caught in the crossfire (shoot-
out). Any hope of a peace treaty (armistice) has already faded.
9) Having been completely encircled by rebel forces, thousands of soldiers were
cut off from their supply routes, and totally unable to rearm (obtain
ammunition).
10) With no ammunition and very little food, many of them had no choice but to
surrender (give up).
11) Since most of their units had been defeated, remaining forces had to retreat
(withdraw) from the area.

Chapter 7 - War and Peace 255

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 87
questions.
1) Has there ever been a civil war (internal conflict) in your country? Why exactly
did the violence escalate (get worse)?
2) Which countries do you consider your allies (friends)? Do you have any bitter
enemies (foes)?
3) Can you think of a time when your country declared (announced) war?
4) Which disputed (contested) territories can you think of? What are the details
of the disagreement?
5) Are there any groups which you think need to be armed (given weapons) or
disarmed (forced to hand over weapons)? How should this be done?
6) Do you think that collateral damage (killing of civilians) is part and parcel of
any conflict?
7) Would you agree that your state, or any other state, has a right to launch a
pre- emptive strike (an early attack to prevent an anticipated attack)?
8) Are there any countries which ought to sign a peace treaty (ratify a truce)? When
do you think a ceasefire (cessation of hostilities) will occur?

C. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 88

words:
1) In our local area we have had a spate of arson attacks on vehicles, and
police are asking anyone with information to come forward.
2) The rebels in the east have launched a counter attack, shelling front-line
positions with heavy artillery morning, noon, and night.
3) Our troops have sustained heavy casualties in the fierce battles that are
raging just a few kilometres from the city.
4) Sadly, three civilians were caught in the crossfire while trying to flee from the
brutal battle between rebel forces and government troops.
5) Our city has now been under siege for 31 days, and our supplies are dwindling.
We won’t be able to hold out for much longer.
6) Collateral damage is a euphemism for the inevitable slaughter of civilians.
7) The conflict has now spilled over into neighbouring territories, causing a huge
number of refugees to leave the area, hoping to find sanctuary elsewhere.
8) The death of a political dissident in prison has sparked off huge riots in the
city centre, with shops looted, police cars torched, and officials attacked by
an angry, baying mob.

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 Chapter 08 News

A. Please use the images and the words in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 90

1) When the ruling powers in France were toppled (overthrown), the monarchy
was abolished (destroyed), and many aristocrats were beheaded.
2) New legislation was brought in (introduced) that recognised new rights,
including the expansion of the right to vote.
3) Other European powers wanted to destabilize the rebellion and restore (bring
back) the monarchy, so they spread (distributed) rumours and misinformation
about the intentions of the revolutionaries.
4) The opposition has called for (demanded) a general election in response to
the scandal.
5) Who do you think you will vote for (choose) in the next election?
6) My town had a by-election when the MP for my constituency (voting region)
was stabbed to death, within spitting distance of my house.
7) The media are often biased (unfair) in the way they report matters of political
significance
8) At the press conference, the Minister issued (gave) an important statement
in order to clarify (make clear) her position.
9) She declined (refused) to comment on the unverified (uncorroborated)
allegations of tax evasion by her fellow MPs
10) And she flatly (completely) denied her own involvement in the matter,
dismissing such assertions as ‘wild conspiracy theories’.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 91

questions.
1) At what age are you able to vote (choose politician)? Would you change this
for any reason?
2) Do you know when the right (legal permission) to vote was first extended to
women in your country?
3) When is the next election (democratic contest) in your country? Do you know
who you will vote for?

Chapter 8 - News 257

4) If you ran/stood (competed in election) for president and won the election, what
policies would you bring in (introduce)?
5) Do you subscribe to any wild conspiracy theories (theories that are not
mainstream)? What kind of compelling evidence makes you doubt the
mainstream media’s version of events?
6) If you were in charge of the economy, would you loosen or tighten monetary
policy? (restrict or increase money supply)
7) When was the last time your government mislead (deceived) the electorate?
8) Would you be in favour of reducing or increasing foreign aid (help)? And what
about the defence (military) budget?

C. Fill in the gaps with the missing words: From p. 91

1) The dictator was overthrown/toppled/brought down in a bloody uprising that

saw thousands killed and millions displaced.
2) The PM has issued a statement to the press in which he flatly/categorically
denied all of the allegations.
3) It is hoped that the two sides will launch (enter into) negotiations and broker
a ceasefire; a humanitarian corridor must be created that allows civilians to
be evacuated.
4) The Labour party suffered a humiliating defeat in last year’s local election, only
managing to pick up about 2% of the votes.
5) The minister has declined to comment on the allegations of tax evasion, but
a fellow member of his party claimed that they were entirely groundless.
6) Parliament would have a lot more money if it drastically cut the amount it
spent on defence and foreign aid.
7) Turkey has promised to act as a go-between in the negotiations between the
two opposing sides. They hope to broker a truce before the weekend.
8) The government has bowed to public pressure and scrapped reforms that would
have allowed teenagers to change their sex without informing their parents.

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 Chapter 09 Quantity

A. Please use the images and the words in italics to fill in

thegaps: From p. 94

1) The price of gold has skyrocketed (increased rapidly) in the last few months.
2) The graph demonstrates that the gold price has approximately doubled
(multiplied by two).
3) There has been a staggering/tremendous/massive (huge) increase in the
price of gold.
4) Such rapid growth in the price is unprecedented (never-before-seen), and
has exceeded all expectations.
5) House prices have plummeted (decreased rapidly) in the last five years.
6) From 2021 to 2022, there was only a slight/ insignificant/negligible (small)
drop in the average house price.
7) The average price of a house has dropped from £600,000 to less than
£100,000, which is a decrease of more than (use correct prepositions) 80%
8) By the end of 2020, house prices had reached only £300,000, so over this
three-year period, they had halved (divided by two)
9) Charles’ law states that, at a constant pressure, the volume of a mixed
amount of gas is directly proportional to (correlated with) its absolute
temperature.
10) At nought point five (0.5 in words) degrees, the volume of a gas is roughly
560ml
11) At minus 225 degrees, the volume of a gas is a mere 100ml, but at 75 degrees,
it has increased by a factor of seven (a seven-fold increase)

B. Fill in the gaps with the following From p. 95

words:
Unprecedented, Estimated, Discrepancy, Decimal, Vast, Substantial, Minuscule,
Negligible, Paltry, Precise

1) The amount of money he donated was negligible and did not make much of
a difference.
2) The company’s profits for the quarter were paltry/minuscule and well below
expectations.

Chapter 9 - Quantity 259

 3) The virus is so minuscule that it can only be seen under a microscope.
4) The storm was unprecedented in its intensity and caused widespread damage.
5) The architect provided precise measurements for the construction of the
building.
6) The estimated time of arrival for the package is next Tuesday.
7) The company’s investment in new technology was vast/substantial and is
expected to yield high returns.
8) The Sahara Desert is a vast expanse of sand and barren land.
9) In mathematics, a decimal is another way of expressing a fraction or percentage.
10) There was a discrepancy between the estimated cost of the project and the
actual cost.

C. Fill in the gaps with the missing From p. 96

words:
skyrocket, a great deal, dwindled, inversely, anomalies, limited number,
significant number

1) Some have suggested that physical strength and intellectual ability are
inversely proportional to each other, though this is not the case, in any way,
shape, or form, when we examine the data. In reality, we see that strength
and intelligence often increase at the same rate.
2) The number of new teachers joining the profession has dwindled because new
educational reforms have increased the workload, yet decreased the salary.
3) We spent a great deal of money on the trip to Mexico.
4) A significant number of people have never studied the rules of subject-verb
agreement, nor those of countability.
5) The results of our experiment showed a strong correlation between
temperature and the rate of reaction, although there were several data
recordings that were not in agreement with this trend. These anomalies were
likely caused by human error.
6) What is 8 divided by 64? Give your answer as a decimal and a fraction.
7) There are a limited number of places available on this school trip, and we
will be selling seats on the coach on a first-come-first-served basis.
8) The Bank of England have been keeping interest rates as low as possible for
the last decade, and many young people have taken out a mortgage to buy
a house with cheap credit. So much demand for property has caused house
prices to skyrocket.

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 Chapter 10 Ideas

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: From p. 98

1) The graph demonstrates that running costs have...how should I put it? (you
have forgotten the word!)….significantly increased, even skyrocketed, over
the last few years.
2) We can assume that this trend will continue, so we need to come up with
(create) a plan that will boost our profits.
3) Several of you have put forward (propose) the suggestion that we raise our
prices by 10%, but we need to carefully weigh up (estimate) the benefits and
drawbacks of such a drastic move.
4) The ideas of absolute space and absolute time are two of the central tenets/
principles/postulates (claims) of Newton’s philosophy.
5) Newton devoted a great deal of time to Bible study, and he subscribed
(adhered) to the theory that he had been chosen by God to reveal the secrets
of the universe to mankind.
6) Newton pondered the forces of nature, giving them so much of his undivided
(complete) attention that he often forgot to eat and sleep.
7) When Newton’s body was exhumed in the twentieth century, dangerous
levels of mercury and lead were found in his hair, giving/lending/adding
credence (providing support) to the idea that he poisoned himself during
chemical experiments
8) Opinion is deeply divided (strongly polarized) on the controversial (hotly
debated) topic of euthanasia.
9) Proponents of euthanasia point out (remind us) that many terminal patients
would rather die than endure excruciating pain.
10) Opponents of euthanasia argue that greedy relatives, with an inheritance on
their mind, might try to talk the sick into (persuade) assisted suicide.
11) Those with deep religious convictions (beliefs) consider suicide a sin.

Chapter 10 - Ideas 261

 B. Fill in the gaps with the following words:
From p. 99

better judgement, undivided, caved in to, foregone, tenets, defer, grasped, tackle

1) The results of next week’s election are a foregone conclusion: the Tories are
bound to win by a huge majority.
2) One of the core tenets of Galileo’s theory was that the Earth orbited the Sun.
3) Whenever I am in doubt, I prefer to defer to the experts.
4) The Prime Minister has caved in to public opinion, promising that their will be
no rises in interest rates for the foreseeable future.
5) As a young learner of languages, I never grasped the importance of learning
vocabulary in groups of words (collocations). Language is a web, and every
word has a place in that web.
6) Just promise me that you will give the topic of Parallel Structure your
undivided attention, and I guarantee that your sentences will become more
complex, yet more concise.
7) Against my better judgement, I offered to put him up in the spare room in my
house until he found a new flat to rent.
8) If we fail to tackle these deep-rooted prejudices in the young, the problems
will grow worse as they age, so we should nip this in the bud while we still
can.
(Nip sth in the bud = prevent a problem from growing worse by dealing with it early)

262 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 11 Ways Of Walking

Describe how each person/animal is walking; use the

most
appropriate verb from the From p. 102
lesson:
1) She tiptoed down the corridor because she didn’t want anyone to hear her.
2) It was time to go shopping again, which was something he always did
reluctantly. He hated traipsing around the supermarkets, pushing his trolley
back and forth.
3) After heavy flooding struck the east coast, local residents had to wade into
town to stock up on supplies.
4) It is easier to understand the meaning of the word strut if we look at the
animal which walks exactly like this. When a turkey struts, it raises its
feathers in a macho display in order to attract hens. We also use this word for
people when they walk confidently, with swinging arms and shoulders, out of
excessive pride or vanity.
5) There are other animals which walk in an odd way. When a horse raises its
front two legs, walking on its hind legs, we say that it prances. We use this
word for when people walk in an exaggerated way, and again, it is usually
because they want to be admired, so this word is very similar to the previous
word.
6) I’m glad I remembered to bring my wellington boots; we have to trudge
through thick mud the whole way home.
7) My brother-in-law has always enjoyed hiking/trekking through the mountains.
8) I wish the children wouldn’t trample all over my beautiful flowers.
9) Having argued bitterly over who was to blame, he stormed out of the office in
a foul mood.
10) Wearing high heeled shoes, the huge giant stamped on the lilliputian, killing
him instantly.
11) Having drunk 2 bottles of wine, she staggered home, her speech slurred, her
memory hazy, her pockets empty.
12) On seeing the small chunk of cheese, the cheeky mice scurried over to have a
bite.
13) In summer, I love to amble round the countryside on my own, as I find walking
helps me think.

Chapter 11 - Ways Of Walking 263

14) The snow leopard was prowling the mountain, looking for vulnerable prey.
15) The prison guards would pace up and down, jangling their keys, gloating at
our misfortune, as we shuffled around in our cells.
16) The soldiers marched in full uniform at the military parade.
17) He has been limping ever since he fell off his bike and broke his leg, so he uses
a walking stick for support.
18) He is always staring vacantly at his phone, so it came as no surprise when he
bumped into another commuter, almost knocking her off her feet.

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 Chapter 12 Ways of Talking

Describe how each person/animal is talking; use the

most
appropriate verb from the From p. 108
lesson:
1) Whenever we go for a long drive, the kids always fight and bicker on the back
seats, and it really winds me up!
2) We had a lovely afternoon, nattering/chatting/chattering/prattling away
about this, that and the other.
3) Our physics lessons are rather tedious, as we spend far too much time
listening to our teacher drone on about the theory, and far too little time
putting the theory into practice.
4) The infantryman was deeply traumatized by the incessant artillery fire; the
fierce fighting had turned him into a gibbering wreck.
5) As soon as my back is turned, my colleagues start gossiping about me.
6) While dogs bark, cats miaow, cows moo, and sheep bleat, the lion roars.
7) The little girl shrieked with laughter when she heard yet another of her dad’s
hilarious jokes.
8) By the time that he had downed his 8th glass, he was slurring his words and
staggering around the room.
9) Young children who have a speech impediment, such as a lisp (confusion
between ‘th’ and ‘s’ sound) or a stutter (a disruption or blocking of speech,
usually due to repeating the same word) can see a speech therapist for help.
10) He’s always standing there with a smug grin from ear to ear, while all his
colleagues suck up to him with smarmy compliments. (Excessively flatter/
praise)
11) She had been a really naughty girl, so her mum told her off, and she burst into
tears.
12) I don’t like speaking in front of big groups of people. I always clam up at the last
moment and get tongue-tied.
13) Whenever she doesn’t get what she wants, she whines/whinges at her
parents.
14) He whispered the secret in my ear, worried that someone might overhear
our conversation.

Chapter 12 - Ways Of Talking 265

 Chapter 13 Ways of Looking

Please choose the most appropriate verb of looking:

From p. 114

1) They stared intently at each other, waiting to see who would blink first (close
both eyes).
2) At first, I thought she was being serious, but then she winked at me, and I
realised she was just joking.
3) Avert your gaze, you filthy pervert! Stop gawping at her while she undresses.
4) It was such a sunny day, that the little boy couldn’t help squinting as he
ambled through the fields.
5) As the young lady strolled by, two young men sitting at a small table leered at
her.
6) In order to prepare for the essay, Sarah pored over her old history books.
7) On examining the patient’s teeth, the dentist decided that he would need
another filling.
8) Peering down the telescope, he could make out some buildings that are
located in a neighbouring town.
9) He peeked/peeped cautiously through the peephole to see who was at the
door.
10) She glanced at her neighbour’s exam paper, hoping to get a quick sneak-peek
at his answers.
11) I enjoy rambling through the local fields. When I do, I occasionally catch a
fleeting glimpse of a pheasant.
12) He glanced anxiously over his shoulder, worried that someone might be
following him.
13) When I told them the incredible news, they just stood there in total shock,
gawping at me.
14) She gazed lovingly into his eyes, completely unaware of the knife that was
cutting closer and closer to her fingers…
15) The girls glared defiantly at each other with their hands curled into fists, ready
to lash out.

266 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 16) She frowned at the screen because she was annoyed at what I had written in
the email.
17) I couldn’t help squinting because of the dazzling/blinding glare of the
headlights.

Chapter 13 - Ways Of Looking 267

 Chapter 14 Feelings

A. Please match the pictures with adjectives that describe

feelings and personality. Try to remember as many as
possible:
From p. 120
A confused B gobsmacked
perplexed flabbergasted
bewildered dumbfounded
puzzled taken-
aback
muddled stupefied

C brave D (self) confident

courageous assertiv
gallant e self-
fearless assured
intrepid composed
daring level-headed
cool-headed

E embarrasse F mortifie
d
d awkward
ashamed

G curious H carefu
inquisitive l attentive
intrigued meticulous
inquiring wary
vigilant cautiou
watchful s

268 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 I (children) J boastful
cheeky pleased with
himself
naughty smug
(Mum) self-satisfied
annoyed immodest
frustrated big-headed
irritated

K ecstatic L arrogant
overjoyed condescending
jubilant pompous
delighted stuck-up
over the moon snobby
elated
blissful

M vain N anxious
narcissistic worried
apprehensiv
e
distresse
d

O greedy P exhausted
tight-fisted knackered
mean worn out
stingy fatigued
miserly shattered

Chapter 14 - Feelings 269

 Q guilty R crafty
culpable sly
blameworthy

cunnin
g
shrewd
deviou
s

S bright T determined
brilliant competitive
astute
perceptiv
e
insightful

U diligent V devastated
conscientious desperate
responsible wretched
furiou
s

270 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 15 Negative Feelings

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 124

1) He got carried away in a fit of rage (anger), hurling insults (disparaging

remarks)
at the other drivers.
2) In a momentary lapse (error) of judgement, he vented (released) his
frustration on the other drivers.
3) The dramatic rise in incidents of road-rage poses (creates) a serious threat
to all road users.
4) He was a downright nasty piece of work (unpleasant person) who often flew
into a rage when he got behind the wheel.
5) They all burst into fits of giggles (hysterical laughter) when they heard the
latest gossip.
6) As they whispered the secret, all three of them doubled (bent) over in stitches.
7) Unfortunately, her friends were rather spiteful/vindictive (malicious); they
would often make fun of other class members with
snide/cutting/disparaging (nasty) remarks.
8) Having lost his mother at an early age, he experienced a profound (deep)
sense of loss.
9) At the funeral there had been an outpouring of grief (remorse), and all the
guests could see that he was absolutely inconsolable (devastated)
10) His friends have been sick with worry (anxiety), as he has isolated himself,
preferring to bottle up (hold back) his feelings than to share his grief.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 125

questions.
1) When was the last time that you burst into a fit of rage? What made you throw
a tantrum?
2) What was the last time that you doubled over in stitches?
3) Do you often get carried away and vent your anger/frustration on others?
4) When was the last time you came down with a nasty (unpleasant) bug?

Chapter 15 - Negative Feelings 271

5) When someone makes snide/disparaging comments at your expense, do you
hurl insults back at them?
6) How would you console a devastated friend who had experienced a profound
loss?
7) Can you think of anything that poses a serious risk to you or your health in your
daily life?
8) Would it knock your confidence if you failed your next exam?

272 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 16 Positive Feelings

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 128

1) She let out a sigh (exhalation) of relief when she found out she wouldn’t be
made redundant.
2) She remained blissfully (happily) unaware that her firm would be laying off
members of staff until last week.
3) She takes great pleasure in her work, so losing her job would have wounded
(hurt) her pride.
4) She has always drawn (taken) inspiration from the time that she spends
trekking in the mountains.
5) While sitting at the summit, she was lost in boundless (limitless)
admiration for the forces of nature.
6) The sheer (magnificent) beauty of the spectacular scenery put her in a state of
euphoria/ecstasy (bliss).
7) The burglar felt a surge (rush) of adrenalin as he sprinted away from the police.
8) The tremendous satisfaction of protecting society from dangerous criminals is
what provides the police with a sense of purpose (meaningful aim).
9) The sheer incompetence (inadequacy) of the police has resulted in a surge
in crime.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 129

questions.
1) Do you feel a sense of belonging or a sense of loss in your current place of
residence?
2) Are you the kind of person who prefers to face the ugly truth or to live in
blissful
ignorance?
3) Which of your overwhelming achievements do you take immense pride in?
4) Which writers, artists, and musicians do you draw inspiration from?
5) Which writers, artists, and musicians have recently seen a surge in popularity?
6) Would you agree that sheer determination is enough to guarantee success?

Chapter 16 - Positive Feelings 273

7) When was the last time you found yourself in a state of intoxication?
8) To whom do you have a deep feeling of gratitude (thankfulness)?

274 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 17 Cause and Effect

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 132

1) Violence broke out (erupted) in the city centre in the wake of the collapse of
the currency
2) The economic crisis has precipitated (sparked off) a full-scale riot.
3) The surge in violence has wreaked (created) havoc on businesses in the city.
4) The events have bred resentment (dissatisfaction) among the local residents.
5) The collapse of the building has caused (resulted in) thousands of pounds of
damage.
6) Investigators are trying to establish (work out) the root (main) cause of the
disaster.
7) Many residents of the building are still missing, prompting (causing) speculation
that there may be more survivors.
8) Some have tentatively suggested that the structural problems stemmed from
(were rooted in) the low-quality materials used in the construction of the
building.
9) Most of the electrical items that I grew up with have now been rendered
obsolete. (no longer used/needed)
10) Technological advances in recording information gave rise to (produced)
new, sophisticated devices.
11) Every time a new device is launched, a lot of excitement is generated (created)
by the marketing campaign, and a lot of profit as well.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 133

questions.
1) Which topics have generated/caused a lot of controversy in recent times?
2) Does the speed of my voice sometimes cause you trouble when you watch
the lessons?
3) Do you have to produce reports at work?
4) What’s the first thing you should do if a fire breaks out (starts) while you are
at work?

Chapter 17 - Cause and Effect 275

5) What do you think our current economic problems stem from?
6) If the government decided to raise interest rates, would that lead to dire
(terrible) consequences?
7) If the government decided to render cash obsolete, would that provoke an
outcry?
8) What are the side effects of this new medicine? Is there any compelling reason
to make any form of medicine mandatory?

276 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 18 Difficulties and Problems

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 136

1) Disaster struck (happened) at roughly 2 o clock when the hurricane reached

the coast, causing widespread (pervasive) flooding.
2) Emergency services quickly responded to the crisis, but the rising waters and
adverse (severe) weather conditions hindered progress.
3) Rescuers had to tackle (address) the problem of reaching the survivors
safely, as the journey was often fraught with (full of) danger.
4) The boy had a traumatic upbringing (instruction in childhood), and he didn’t
know who he could turn to in his moment of need.
5) He had great difficulty making friends at school, and these obstacles
(difficulties)
held him back from achieving his true potential.
6) Fortunately, in his teenage years, he managed to overcome these hurdles
(problems).
7) The numbers in this report flatly (totally) contradict the predicted figures.
8) This analysis exposes/uncovers (reveals) major shortcomings (failings) in our
business projections.
9) If we examine the data, we find inconsistencies (discrepancies) among the
various documents.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. From p. 137

1) Would you agree the evidence flatly contradicts the widespread assumption
that climate is linked to emissions of carbon dioxide?
2) Which environmental problem poses the greatest threat to human civilization
in your opinion?
3) How should we tackle (deal with) this issue?
4) When was the last time that you faced a really tough decision (dilemma)?
5) Would you be willing to migrate to another country if the journey were fraught
with danger?
6) What kinds of adverse weather conditions cause problems in your area?

Chapter 18 - Difficulties and Problems 277

7) What kinds of obstacles and setbacks have hindered your progress with
learning English?
8) ‘War is peace, freedom is slavery, and ignorance is strength’ are three
glaring contradictions that George Orwell uses in his famous novel, 1984. Is
there any truth in these seemingly impossible statements?

278 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 19 Compare and Contrast

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 140

1) Even when the twins had grown into adults, they still bore a striking (close)
resemblance to one another.
2) In fact, I still can’t tell (distinguish) the difference between Sally and Sarah, so I
often mix them up at a glance.
3) However, as soon as you start talking to them, it’s easy to know who is who,
because Sally’s gloomy nature stands in sharp/stark (marked) contrast to
Sarah’s boundless enthusiasm.
4) The line graph highlights vast/considerable (substantial) differences over a
period of twelve years between property prices in the US and UK.
5) There are only negligible (slight) differences between average house prices in
France and the UK in the last decade.
6) Prices in the US housing market differ markedly (sharply) from those in the
UK and France.
7) Real Estate prices in the UK are not dissimilar to (unlike) those in France
8) Let’s draw (make) a useful and impartial (fair) comparison between the pear
and the apple
9) Firstly, the apple is an entirely (altogether) different fruit from the pair.
10) The boring flavour of the pear pales in comparison (bears no comparison) with
the delicious flavour of the apple.
11) If you want to be healthy, an apple every day makes a world of difference
(improves your chances)

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 141

questions.
1) Can you think of any celebrities who look remarkably (strikingly) similar?
2) How can we account for the substantial differences between men and
women’s salaries?
3) Is there a growing disparity between the rich and the poor in your country?

Chapter 19 - Compare and Contrast 279

4) Some say that I bear a faint resemblance to the famous chef, Gordon Ramsay.
Do you look vaguely (remotely) similar to anyone famous?
5) Would you say that the differences between the sexes are negligible (almost
imperceptible) or considerable?
6) Do you know any twins? Do you find it hard to tell the difference, and mix up
their names?
7) Would you say that you and your best friend hold widely divergent opinions on
controversial topics?
8) Do any of your beliefs and opinions stand in sharp/marked (stark) contrast to
the prevailing opinions of society?

280 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 20 Space and Time

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 144

1) To do my job, you have to feel comfortable working in confined (enclosed)

spaces.
2) The heavy equipment takes up (occupies) a lot of space, and it can be very
cumbersome.
3) As I work in such cramped (restricted) conditions, I enjoy spending my free time
in wide (not narrow) open spaces, like the forest.
4) In her youth she was a persistent (constant) offender, which resulted in several
brief stints/spells (periods) in prison.
5) After a protracted (lengthy) trial, she was given a two-year prison sentence,
though there are still lingering (remaining) doubts as to her guilt.
6) She will be released in the not-so-distant (near) future, and her time behind
bars will become a dim and distant (vague) memory.
7) Even though the hotel is empty at the moment, in a few weeks the pool will be
teeming/crawling (rammed/packed) with tourists.
8) There were extensive refurbishments (renovations) during the winter period,
so new entertainment facilities are now available.
9) For the last decade, the resort has experienced inexorable (unstoppable)
growth in tourist numbers, and this seems likely to continue for the
foreseeable (predictable) future.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. From p. 145

1) Please describe your residence. Is it a tiny home with cramped rooms, or is it a

spacious mansion?
2) Do you have ample (enough) storage space? If you needed extra space, how
would you make room for it?
3) Do you find it easy to park in a tight (small) parking space?
4) Describe your town. Are the roads often congested (busy)?

Chapter 20 - Space and Time 281

5) Are the buildings packed into a confined (limited) space, or are they spread
out across a vast (large) area?
6) Is the city centre packed/crawling/teeming (rammed) with tourists in the
summer?
7) When was the last time that you had a brief spell/stint in hospital?
8) Do you know anything about your direct ancestors (forebears)?
9) Who was your predecessor at work? Who do you think will be your successor?
10) What is the best way to deal with a persistent (constant) headache?

282 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 21 Plans and Decisions

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 148

1) After careful deliberation (consideration), the jury reached a unanimous (all

in agreement) decision that the defendant was guilty of premeditated murder.
2) The verdict was met with outright (utter) hostility by supporters of the accused,
who planned to appeal (challenge the verdict).
3) A few years later, the verdict was overruled (reversed), and the accused
exonerated and released.
4) Acting on (responding to) suggestions from local environmental groups,
councillors have made tentative (provisional) plans to build a number of
offshore wind turbines.
5) Supporters claim that the wind farm will be both sustainable (durable/viable)
and affordable.
6) Critics argue that the plans to mitigate (lessen) the risks, such as the
destruction of marine wildlife.
7) Opposition from local campaigners has derailed (scuppered) plans to build
three new railways stations.
8) The plan was rejected out of hand (completely) by local residents, who put
pressure on politicians to abandon (scrap) the project.
9) The council has claimed that it is still possible to reach a compromise
(mutually beneficial agreement) providing that they make substantial
(significant) concessions to the local residents.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. From p. 149

1) When was the last time you acted on a recommendation from someone?
2) Do you find it easy to keep to your schedule, or does fate have a habit of
scuppering (foiling) your plans?
3) When was the last time you made a hasty (too fast) decision, and later
regretted
it?

Chapter 21 - Plans and Decisions 283

4) Do you find it easy to make minor concessions in order to reach a compromise?
5) How do people react when you offer them constructive (positive) criticism?
6) Are solar panels and wind generators a sustainable (permanent) and
satisfactory solution to the energy crisis?
7) Have you ever toyed with the idea of setting up your own business?
8) What could be done to mitigate (lessen) the inherent risks of doing so?

284 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 22 Appearance

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 152

1) He has very pale (light) skin, shoulder-length hair, and sideburns (hair on
the side of face)
2) He is bald (no hair), and he has a large scar (mark) from an accident he
suffered many years ago. He also has stubble (hair on face) as he hasn’t
shaved for a long time.
3) Whenever I go on holiday, my skin starts peeling (coming off), and I often get
sunburnt.
4) She has an athletic (fit) body and a pony tail (hair tied-back). She is also
sweating profusely (a lot)
5) She sat there with a blank expression (vacant gaze) on her face, bewildered
and overwhelmed by insurmountable obstacles.
6) The guy with the beard and moustache (hair on upper lip) shrugged (move
up and down) his shoulders, not knowing how to respond.
7) As he got older, his hair started receding (disappearing) and he put on a lot
of weight. Nowadays, he is quite bulky/chubby/rotund/plump (overweight)
and quite scruffy (not dressed carefully) too.
8) She has a glowing (radiant) complexion, a dazzling (gorgeous) smile, and
charming freckles (marks on the skin that appear in spring).
9) The fighter on the left is emaciated (very skinny) and bony. He has scrawny
(very thin) arms and legs. The fighter on the right is plump (large) and he
has chubby (large) arms and legs. They are both clenching (tightening) their
muscles.
10) The stocky guy with broad (wide) shoulders scowled (glared) at me and
crossed his arms.
11) Lenin’s most distinguishing feature (mark) is perhaps his goatee (pointy) beard.
12) In the last few months he has put on some weight, and he is beginning to
develop a double chin (part of face under mouth)

Chapter 22 - Appearance 285

 Chapter 23 Body

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 156

1) The guy in the checked shirt smirked (grinned smugly) at me as I sat

opposite him; this made me somewhat nervous, and I squirmed (moved)
awkwardly in my chair.
2) So extreme was the cold that he started to violently shiver (shake); you could
even hear his teeth chattering (knocking together)
3) Having gobbled up a delicious chocolate cake, the little girl with curly, fair hair
started to lick (use tongue to eat) her fingers.
4) With one hand on her hip (bone at the side), she wagged (shook) her finger at
me. My cheeks started to blush (go red) with embarrassment.
5) With his hand on his forehead (top part of head), he racked his brains (organ
of body) for the word that he had forgotten.
6) Feeling an excruciating pain, he started clutching (grabbing) his chest, and
doubled over (keeled over) in agony.
7) She grimaced (pained expression) in disgust at the smell of his socks.
8) He grinned (smirked) smugly from ear to ear, beaming (smiling) at his brother
with self-satisfaction.
9) Her husband had a habit of snoring (breathing loudly through nose) incessantly
(unceasingly), so she came up with a new strategy to get a good night’s sleep.
10) We often don’t have the guts (intestines) to face the ugly truth; instead, we
prefer to bury (plant) our heads in the sand.
11) The meeting dragged on for a whole hour, and I had to stifle (suppress) a
yawn on more than a few occasions.
12) She clenched her fists (closed hands) and trembled (shook) with excitement
when she found out she had passed all her exams with flying colours.

286 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 Chapter 24 Life and Death

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 160

1) There were a few complications during the birth; the baby had not turned in
the womb (uterus), so the midwife (birth assistant) delivered the baby by
Caesarian section.
2) A few months after giving birth to (having) a beautiful and healthy baby boy,
she took him to the local church for a baptism (christening) ceremony.
3) He had gone down on one knee (part of leg) and proposed (offer marriage)
when they were still at university.
4) Their abusive and tempestuous (stormy) marriage lasted only 6 months, with
both partners filing (applying) for divorce.
5) Only after going through (experiencing) the bitter (messy) divorce were they
able to put the past behind them and get on with their lives.
6) Sadly, only a year after his retirement (end of working life), he passed away
(died).
7) There was an outpouring (flood) of grief at his funeral; many mourners sent
their sincere condolences (consolations) to his next of kin.
8) He was buried (put in the ground) in the same cemetery as his closest
relatives, right next to their graves. (resting place for the dead)

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 161

questions.
1) What would you say is the best age, if any, to have children at?
2) Do you know anyone who has gone through a bitter (messy) divorce?
3) Are more and more people filing for divorce in your country? What is driving
this trend?
4) What is the most romantic way to pop the question (propose)?
5) Are there any circumstances under which you would consider adopting/
fostering (caring for) a child?
6) Would you prefer to be buried or cremated?
7) Have you been baptised? Will you christen your own children?
8) Have you already written a will? Who will inherit (get) your massive fortune?

Chapter 24 - Life and Death 287

 Chapter 25 Clothes and Fashion

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 164

1) He’s wearing a purple velvet (material) suit with a bow tie. He’s touching the
brim of his hat, and he is beaming (smiling) at the audience with a cheeky
grin.
2) When he goes on stage, he is always dressed to kill. (impress)
3) Those glasses go with (matches) his jacket and hat.
4) That suit fits (right size) him perfectly
5) It was rather warm that day, so he didn’t zip up (do up) his leather (material)
jacket.
6) He wore very tight (opposite of loose), ripped (torn) jeans.
7) He’s also wearing trainers (US = sneakers), but it looks as though he has no
socks.
8) She has always kept up with (follow) the latest trends, and here, she is
wearing an eye-catching (stunning) fur (material) coat.
9) When she goes on holiday in the summer, I imagine that she wears skimpy
(revealing) clothes
10) She likes to dress up (wear nice clothes) for all occasions, and she enjoys being
the centre of attention.
11) They are all wearing silk (smooth material) pyjamas and furry slippers
(home shoes).
12) When I am at home, and it’s very early, I usually wear a dressing gown (US
= bathrobe) and some underwear (pants) too!
13) Sometimes when I sling/fling/throw it on (put on), I put it on inside out (the
wrong way round) as I am still so sleepy.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 165

questions.
1) Are you a fashion victim, or do you not bother to keep up with current trends
(fashions)?
2) Do you prefer to wear baggy (loose) or tight clothes?

288 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 3) Are most of your clothes plain (no pattern), or do you prefer patterns?
4) Do you think it is unethical to wear fur (animal hair) or leather (animal skin)?
5) On which occasions do you like to dress up (put on best clothes)? What do
you usually wear?
6) What are the most eye-catching/gorgeous (stunning) clothes that you
possess?
7) Do you like wearing ripped and scruffy (untidy) clothes, or are you usually well-
dressed?
8) Do you find it easy or stressful to change your plans at the drop of a hat?

Chapter 25 - Clothes and Fashion 289

 Chapter 26 Food and Cooking

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 168

1) Put the noodles in a saucepan (pan for boiling), add some water, bring the
mixture to the boil, then allow to simmer gently (softly boil) for 10 minutes.
2) Be careful, or else the mixture may boil over (flow over the brim)
3) Turn off the hob (gas), drain the noodles in a sieve (filter), and then sprinkle
(add with fingers) some fresh parsley on top.
4) Start boiling the spaghetti; chop up (cut) an onion and 1 or 2 peppers and add
them to a big frying pan. Keep stirring (mixing) the mixture.
5) Take half a kilo of beef mince (ground meat) and add that to the pan. Cut up
a small clove of garlic and add this too.
6) After 10 minutes, pour (purposefully spill) some pasta sauce into the pan,
and heat for another 5 minutes
7) Even though I asked for a medium-rare steak, the waiter brought me one that
was burnt to a crisp (overcooked/overdone).
8) Do you prefer a bloody (rare), medium or well-done (well cooked) steak?
9) Sometimes, I find steak too stodgy (heavy on stomach) and bland (without
flavour)
10) It was Peter’s job to top up (keep filling) their glasses whenever they got thirsty.
11) Having poured all the drinks, he passed round (handed round) some olives
and pistachios.
12) Unfortunately, being a very clumsy barman, Peter knocked over one of their
glasses and spilt (accidentally poured) wine over all three of them

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. From p. 169

1) Which types of food do you find rather moreish (addictive)?

2) Do you prefer your eggs fried, boiled, or scrambled? Or perhaps you prefer
omelette?
3) What do you do with the leftovers (remaining uneaten food) after the meal?
4) Describe to me with precise instructions how to prepare your favourite meal

290 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 5) Do you like to sprinkle (add) grated cheese on your pasta?
6) How do you like your steak? Medium, rare (bloody) or well-done?
7) Do you ever warm up (heat up) yesterday’s meal in the microwave?
8) Do you often still have ample space in your stomach for a second helping
(additional plate or portion)?

Chapter 26 - Food and Cooking 291

 Chapter 27 Weather and Climate

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 172

1) The sun had just gone down (descended) and thick ominous clouds were
looming/forming (gathering) on the horizon.
2) Torrential (heavy) rain pelted down (beat down) for the next few hours, and
we all got absolutely drenched (soaked)
3) The incessant rain led to severe floods/flooding (destruction of property by
water) in several regions, with the waters only subsiding (receding) by the
next morning.
4) At midnight, a howling blizzard (snowstorm) struck, with hailstones (balls of
ice) pelting down for 15 minutes.
5) After the hail came thick, powdery (crumbly) snow, which covered everything
in a blanket of glittering (sparkling) white
6) Ice had formed (appeared) on all the ponds; pipes had frozen up; a biting
wind was raging (blowing) all morning. His teeth were chattering (knocking),
as he trudged through the snow.
7) There was a heatwave (hot period) last week, with boiling (scorching)
temperatures recorded all over the country.
8) The heat was stifling (hot and uncomfortable), and I was sweating (perspiring)
profusely.
9) If you also work in a stuffy (airless) room, I recommend buying an air conditioning
unit rather than a fan.
10) As the sun came up (ascended), a dense (thick) impenetrable fog rolled in, and
lingered (remained) for the whole morning.
11) The low, fluffy (soft) clouds cloaked (covered) the tree tops, hiding them
from our view.
12) Later in the day, the sky grew overcast and the sun went in (disappeared
behind cloud), and as the clouds blotted out (covered) the sun, the
temperature plummeted.

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 B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 173
questions.
1) Describe the climate in your country. Are the summers scorching (boiling) hot?
2) Is it freezing (bitterly) cold in the winter? Does snow often pile up
(accumulate)?
3) How comfortable is your office? Is it cramped and stuffy (no air)?
4) How can arid (dry) climates mitigate the risk of a drought (period of no rain)
occurring?
5) What time, approximately, does the sun go down (descend) at the moment?
6) How does the body react when you are caught in a fierce blizzard (snowstorm)
without the appropriate clothing?
7) Do you often get torrential rain in your country? Has this ever caused severe
floods/flooding?
8) At night, do you prefer to leave the window open so that a draught (faint
breeze)
blows through the room?

Chapter 27 - Weather and Climate 293

 Chapter 28 Animals and Plants

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 176

1) The vultures are feeding on the carcass (dead animal) of a large mammal
(animal which feeds its young milk).
2) This breed (type) of vulture is found in Kenya. Its claws (nails) and beak (mouth)
are extremely sharp, enabling it to tear into dead flesh.
3) After the mating season, this species usually lays (produces) two eggs, which
hatch (open) roughly 38 days later.
4) This bush viper sheds (loses) its skin roughly 6 times a year.
5) Its natural habitat (home) is in the rainforests, and it spends most of its time
perched on trees, waiting for prey (natural victim).
6) Deforestation has threatened this reptile, so special efforts have been made to
conserve (protect) and restore its territory.
7) The tiger is an endangered (at risk) species that will go extinct (die out) in the
foreseeable future if we don’t nip this problem in the bud (before it takes root)
8) Hopes of saving this fierce carnivore (meat eater) from extinction are fading
(disappearing) fast.
9) Hunting is the root (main) cause of its dwindling population; poachers
(illegal hunters) sell parts of the tiger on the black market.
10) Having stung (pricked) me, the bee flew away and landed on a flower that had
withered (dried up and died)
11) I couldn’t stomach working as a pest controller; the thought of insects
crawling/ scurrying (creeping) all over my skin fills me with horror.
12) The idea has firmly taken root (established itself) that a bee is a nice insect,
whereas a wasp (stinging insect) is a nasty piece of work.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 177

questions.
1) Are there many stray (homeless) animals in your area?
2) Do you have any pets? Is it a domesticated and tame (passive) creature or a
wild and savage (fierce) beast?

294 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 3) Which animals in your country are in danger of dying out (going extinct)?
What poses a risk to their dwindling populations?
4) Which breeds (types) of dog are popular in your country?
5) Are your house and garden plants flourishing or withering (shrivelling)?
6) What types of business are sprouting up (appearing) in your city centre?
7) Which controversial topics have bred (caused) a lot of anger and resentment in
your country?
8) What do you think is the root cause of inflation, and how exactly should this
problem be addressed (tackled)?

Chapter 28 - Animals and Plants 295

 Chapter 29 Adverb Collocations

Part 1

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 180

1) It wasn’t entirely (completely) his fault, even though he looks guilty.

2) It was shameful and dishonest of him to tell a downright (blatant/barefaced)
lie like that.
3) The pupil’s wildly (uncontrollably) inappropriate behaviour was mildly
(somewhat) offensive, so he had to be removed from the class.
4) I vaguely (partially) remember being told off at school, but that is an entirely
(completely) separate matter.
5) At first, my wife wasn’t entirely (completely) convinced that camping would be
a fun holiday.
6) While sleeping in the tent was mildly (somewhat) uncomfortable, the holiday
was absurdly (ridiculously) cheap.
7) We arrived at the campsite fully (well) equipped to spend a few nights under
the stars, and putting up the tent was absurdly (ludicrously) easy.
8) The tone of the email was downright (extremely) rude, full of barbed comments
and scathing remarks.
9) Although I am vaguely (somewhat) familiar with this topic, you might be wildly
(massively) overestimating my skills.
10) We are fully (completely) aware that the company has a loosely (vaguely)
defined mission statement, which has led to confusion among employees.

Choose the correct From p. 181

option:
11) If you aren’t entirely satisfied with this product, you can return it within 14 days
and receive a refund.

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 12) I found your comments not only wildly inaccurate, but also mildly offensive.
13) I wasn’t entirely honest with you.
14) He isn’t even vaguely aware of who we are or what we do.
15) His habits, his table manners, and his clothes, were downright disgusting.
16) The current system of government can be loosely defined as a form of digital
and medical fascism.
17) It was downright rude of him not to invite us to the party.
18) The sounds that the biologists have recorded are mildly suggestive of
dolphins communicating with each other.
19) I received several vaguely worded emails, but I couldn’t make head nor tail of
them.
20) I think you wildly underestimate the amount of start-up capital that we’ll need.

Part 2

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 182

1) Snoring heavily (loudly) throughout the night, I had seriously hampered

(hindered) my wife’s chances of a good night’s sleep.
2) There are a number of ineffective treatments which are widely (extensively)
available online.
3) I slept like a baby and woke up feeling utterly refreshed and thoroughly
(entirely) satisfied.
4) Heavily (massively) outnumbered by the enemy, our hero seriously (carefully)
considered surrendering.
5) He is widely (well) admired for his bravery in the face of a heavily (well)
armed foe.
6) It is not strictly (exactly) true that he was seriously (badly) wounded in the
battle. Rather, his injuries were superficial.
7) It is patently (clearly) obvious that fishing is strictly (rigorously) prohibited in
this area.

Chapter 29 - Adverb Collocations 297

 8) I thoroughly (totally) agree that these measures are not strictly (exactly)
necessary.
9) This area is widely (well) acclaimed for its spectacular natural beauty.
10) We had a thoroughly (really) enjoyable day down at the harbour.

Add an appropriate adverb (from this lesson) to

each sentence in an appropriate position:
From p. 183

11) Our soldiers were heavily outnumbered, so they were ordered to pull back.
12) I don’t think it’s strictly necessary to complete all parts of the homework.
13) Several civilians were seriously wounded during the bombardment.
14) I don’t think it’s strictly true that CO2 is a potentially dangerous gas.
15) The ongoing corona restrictions have seriously hampered our firm’s chances of
survival.
16) Having been seriously wounded in battle, he was bleeding profusely.
17) Alexander Flemming is widely renowned as the man who discovered penicillin.
18) It was patently absurd that we were supposed to believe such utter twaddle.
19) The detective thoroughly/meticulously examined the scene of the crime.
20) He has been smoking heavily since his wife passed away.
21) Once again, members of parliament were seen blatantly flouting the very same
rules which they themselves have introduced.
22) During the interview, the candidate blatantly lied about his work experience.

Part 3

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 184

1) To be painfully (agonizingly) honest, your wildly inappropriate comments

were offensive. You should feel deeply (absolutely) ashamed of yourself.
2) I deeply (bitterly) regret my remarks, and I accept that they were wholly
(entirely) uncalled for.

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 3) I am deeply (terribly) sorry to have caused offence with my highly (extremely)
controversial observations.
4) Every day, I work with potentially (possibly) hazardous biological agents, many
of which are highly (very) contagious and strictly regulated.
5) It is strongly (highly) recommended that anyone working with such viruses be
highly (very) skilled and fully equipped.
6) To be perfectly (completely) frank, any mistakes could potentially lead to an
outbreak in which the human race may be completely (totally) obliterated.
7) I bitterly (deeply) resent the astronomically (incredibly) high prices at my
local supermarket.
8) It is painfully (agonizingly) apparent that inflation is strongly (highly)
correlated with loose monetary policy.
9) It is perfectly (patently) clear that our politicians are wholly (entirely) to blame
for the economy’s awful predicament.

Add an appropriate adverb (from this lesson) to

each sentence in an appropriate position: From p. 185

10) The rapid expansion of the money supply could potentially result in inflation.
11) My niece attends a private school, but the tuition fees are astronomically high.
12) While the virus is highly contagious, the vast majority of the infected will have
the same symptoms as a mild cold.
13) You seem to be completely unaware of the consequences of your actions.
14) This man is a highly renowned physician with superb analytical skills.
15) It was bitterly cold that night, so I wore my hat and gloves.
16) Opinions on this controversial matter are deeply divided.
17) I’d argue that I’m not wholly responsible for what took place that fateful night.
18) They have strongly objected to all our demands.
19) May we offer our sincere condolences. We are deeply saddened by your loss.
20) The convict wept bitterly as he slowly climbed onto the scaffold.
21) This project is wholly funded by the Department for Education.

Chapter 29 - Adverb Collocations 299

Part 4

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 186

1) I distinctly (vividly) remember putting my mobile in my pocket, but now I

can’t find it anywhere.
2) I sincerely (truly) doubt that I left it at work.
3) Whenever you are badly (terribly) in need of your mobile, you completely
(totally) forget where you put it.
4) Even though the twins closely (strikingly) resemble one another, when you
thoroughly (closely) examine them, you will notice subtle differences.
5) The twin on the left freely (openly) acknowledges that she is deeply (terribly)
saddened, having split up with her boyfriend.
6) She looks as though she is sorely (badly) in need of a shoulder to cry on.
7) She firmly (fiercely) rejected my request when I asked for a favour.
8) She flatly (totally) refused to help, even though I sincerely (truly) believe
that it would have been in her interest.
9) I freely (openly) admit that I am wholly (entirely) responsible for this work,
but I would be deeply (very) grateful if someone could do it for me.

Add an appropriate adverb (from any of the adverb

collocation exercises) to each sentence in an
appropriate
position: From p. 187

10) It was downright shameful of the authorities to force masks onto children for
8 hours a day, and such policies are highly likely to have impeded their
social skills.
11) Most of the newspaper articles at that time were full of wildly inaccurate
figures, designed to frighten the population into submission.
12) Outlandish claims that children were at great risk from the virus have proven to
be blatantly untrue.
13) A certain medicine was made widely available to the population, but any
discussion of the detrimental side effects, such as blood clots, was strictly
regulated.

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 14) As such, many young people were completely unaware that the risks of taking
the medicine far outweighed the benefits.
15) It is now painfully apparent that the dire consequences of lockdown will be
felt by the economy for years.
16) A vast amount of money was created during this period, and this has caused
prices to skyrocket astronomically.
17) To be perfectly frank, all those who implemented these disastrous policies
ought to be deeply ashamed of themselves.

Chapter 29 - Adverb Collocations 301

 Chapter 30 Phrasal Verb Collocations

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 190

1) Many small businesses had to file (apply) for bankruptcy due to the devastating
economic effects of the lock-down.
2) We pored over (closely examined) the accounts to try to come up with (find)
a solution.
3) We may have to dip into (use) personal savings to keep the business going.
4) Our accommodation was absolutely atrocious; it did not live up to (meet) our
expectations whatsoever.
5) We are not very fussy when it comes to hotels, but this one simple did not
come up to (reach) the required standard.
6) The walls were riddled with (covered with) cracks and holes, and there was
no wallpaper at all.
7) I find that doing experiments with the kids always works up (builds up) a lot
of enthusiasm.
8) He spilt some flammable liquid all over the desk, but rather than soak it up
(clean up) with a sponge, he completely forgot about it.
9) It is painfully clear that this was a catastrophic blunder, as the desk burst into
flames (caught fire) a few minutes later.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. From p. 191

1) Did the last hotel that you stayed in live up to (meet) your expectations?
2) Which crimes should the authorities clamp/come/crack down on (restrict)
more heavily?
3) Which famous companies or banks have filed for (declared themselves)
bankruptcy recently?
4) In which bars and restaurants do you enjoy soaking up the atmosphere?
5) What is the best way to work up an appetite?
6) When was the last time you burst into tears?

302 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 7) How do you like to work off your anger?
8) Have you ever had to dip into your savings?

Chapter 30 - Phrasal Verb Collocations 303

 Chapter 31 Secrets, Lies, and Conspiracies

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps:
From p. 194

1) The flat Earth is an unsubstantiated (uncorroborated) theory which was

originally debunked (refuted) by Aristotle, who noticed the shape of the
earth’s shadow during a lunar eclipse.
2) Many of these far-fetched (unbelievable) theories are spread online, and the
naked (nude) truth is that a lot of people are highly susceptible (vulnerable)
to these crazy ideas.
3) A lot of gullible (naive) fanatics fell for (were deceived by) the trick.
4) Disinformation and barefaced (blatant) lies proliferate on digital media.
5) Many stories are fabricated/made up (concocted), and many events are faked
(simulated).
6) The ugly (unpalatable) truth is often easy to cover up, as no one wants to
face it.
7) The suspect made out (pretended) that he had been with his wife at the time
of the murder.
8) However, his alibi wasn’t born out (corroborated) by the evidence.
9) At first, the detective played (went) along with his tissue (web) of lies.
10) In the end, the detective confronted him with several glaring (blatant)
inconsistencies in his story, and the suspect came clean (owned up to his
crime), revealing (divulging) his dirty secret.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 195

questions.
1) Who do you turn to for advice when you need it?
2) Which notorious scandals and crimes were covered up (concealed) by the
powers that be?
3) Which widespread beliefs and theories do you think are wholly uncorroborated
(unverified)?
4) Are you susceptible to (easily influenced by) conspiracy theories? Do you
know anyone who is?

304 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 5) Do you think there might just be a grain/shred (element) of truth in one or two
conspiracy theories?
6) Many so-called conspiracy theorists subscribe/adhere to the belief that the
government will impose a central-bank digital currency (CBDC) in order to
control the wallet and the behaviour of their citizens.
7) Do you find such ideas far-fetched (unbelievable)?
8) Can you think of any real conspiracies that were exposed (uncovered)? Who
was in on (involved in) the plot?

Chapter 31 - Secrets, Lies, and Conspiracies 305

 Chapter 32 Regulations and Authority

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: From p. 198

1) The government has brought in (passed) new legislation requiring all

construction projects to comply with/abide by (adhere to) certain safety
requirements.
2) To mitigate (minimize) the potential hazards, firms are legally obliged to
carry out (do) a risk assessment at the construction site.
3) Some firms don’t bother to obtain (get) planning permission or satisfy the
safety regulations, flagrantly (blatantly) flouting the law.
4) It is the job of soulless (faceless) bureaucrats to make sure all projects are in
line with (meet/satisfy) government policy.
5) In some cases, it may be possible to bribe officials in order to cut through the
red tape (work around regulations/requirements)
6) The government have implemented (adopted) new regulations; all new projects
must now receive approval from someone in a position of authority (power).
7) If you have downloaded this course for free, then you have infringed/breached
(violated) copyright law.
8) The new legislation regarding intellectual property rights lays out (sets out)
new guidelines for internet service providers.
9) The new law grants (gives) authority to ISPs to block websites that breach
(violate) the proposed regulations.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 199

questions.
1) Has your government brought in (introduced) any new law or legislation that
is detrimental to society?
2) Which bizarre domestic (educational, ecomonic, environmental) or foreign
policies has your government implemented (adopted) that actually infringes
on the rights of their citizens?
3) Is it easy to obtain (get) planning permission if you want to build an extension
on your home?

306 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 4) How do you react when someone undermines (subverts) your authority at
work?
5) Have you or your company ever carried out a risk assessment?
6) On which occasions do you flagrantly flout the law?
7) Do you have a lot of soulless bureaucracy in your country? How can you cut
through the red tape?
8) How does your company mitigate (lessen) the risk of cyber attack?

Chapter 32 - Regulations and Authority 307

 Chapter 33 The Environment

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: From p. 202

1) I was taught that the hole (gap) in the ozone layer would lead to dire
(catastrophic)
consequences for mankind.
2) The prophets of doom and gloom (misery) explained that mankind had upset
(disturbed) the delicate balance of nature.
3) Nowadays, the ozone layer has been replaced by irreversible (unstoppable)
climate change.
4) I certainly agree that mankind should develop sustainable (permanent)
sources of energy, such as solar (sun) and wind power.
5) If we try to phase out (gradually stop using) fossil fuels (coal, gas, oil) too
quickly, this will likely lead to dire consequences (ramifications).
6) Nuclear power has almost no carbon footprint (carbon dioxide emissions),
but there are many concerns about the potential risks.
7) When I was very young, I was taught that coal (carbon ore) supplies would
run out (disappear) in 15 years.
8) Burning coal gives off (emits) carbon dioxide, as do many natural processes,
such as volcanic eruptions.
9) I find the rank hypocrisy (duplicity) of the environmental groups downright
disgusting: many of them fly around in private jets while telling the rest of us
to reduce our carbon emissions.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 203

questions.
1) Do you agree that everyone ought to reduce their carbon footprint? What can
be done to reduce it?
2) What do you think it means to say that climate change is irreversible? Is
climate really irreversible?
3) Do you have any alternative energy sources that have been developed in
your region?

308 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 4) Do you know anyone who has decided to have fewer offspring (children) in
order to tackle overpopulation (too many people)?
5) What are the benefits and the drawbacks of solar (sun), wind, and tidal
(water movement) power?
6) Weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of phasing out fossil fuels
(coal, gas, oil)
7) Why does no one talk about the hole in the ozone layer any more?
8) When do you suppose that oil and gas supplies will run out/dry up (finish)?

Chapter 33 - The Environment 309

 Chapter 34 Travel and Tourism

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: From p. 206

1) We had already checked in (registered) online, so we only had to drop off

(leave) our heavy suitcases when we arrived at the airport.
2) We headed directly to gate (door/exit) 17, as we were running late, but when
we got there, we had a 2-hour delay (setback)
3) Finally we boarded (got on) the plane; I had booked an aisle (corridor) seat, as
it is easier to get to the toilet during the flight.
4) Last summer, we stayed in a beautiful cottage in the countryside. The village
was steeped in (full of) history and dotted with (covered with) churches and
bridges.
5) We ambled (wandered) around the local forest for a few hours, as we wanted
to get back (return) to nature.
6) The scenery was breathtaking (magnificent), with more than a few stunning
(gorgeous) locations for photos.
7) We decided to take the kids on another all inclusive (all costs paid) holiday
in Majorca. The tickets were non-refundable (not possible to get money
back if you cancel)
8) The hotel had extensive facilities (amenities) including a swimming pool, a
gym, and an aqua park.
9) Even though the hotel room was somewhat cramped, the whole area was
crawling with (teeming with) tourists, so we made lots of friends.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 207

questions.
1) What kind of accommodation (residence) did you stay in during your last
holiday?
2) Did you book a holiday that was self-catering (you organize all food), half
board, full board, or all inclusive (all expenses paid)?
3) Describe the area. Was it dotted with churches and pubs? Was it crawling/
teeming with tourists? Was it steeped in history and culture?

310 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 4) Do you like to wander off the beaten track and try something out of the
ordinary?
5) Have you ever been stopped when you were going through customs? Did the
customs officer rifle through your luggage?
6) Do you prefer a window seat or an aisle seat? Why?
7) Do you usually organize travel insurance before you go?
8) Have you ever had a long delay at the airport? Do you know why it happened?

Chapter 34 - Travel and Tourism 311

 Chapter 35 Shopping and Customer Service

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: From p. 210

1) Feeling hungry, he dashed to the supermarket to stock up on (accumulate)

fruit, vegetables and bread.
2) He usually shops at the local Tesco, which has obliging (accommodating)
staff and hefty (generous) discounts.
3) Looking at the receipt (proof of purchase), he noticed that the baguette cost
£3.50! He felt as though the shop had ripped him off (tricked him)
4) She decided to splash out on (willingly buy) a new shirt from an online store
that promised next-day (express) delivery.
5) However, when the shirt arrived, she saw there was an ugly stain (dirty mark)
on it, so she decided to kick up a fuss (complain)
6) Following up on (responding to) her complaint, the online store offered
immediate dispatch of an identical shirt, or a full refund (money back), no
questions asked.
7) There used to be impeccable (perfect) service in this restaurant, but over the
last few months, it has been a bit shoddy (substandard)
8) The incompetent (unskilled) waiter brought me my food, but several items
were missing (not there).
9) The service had not come up to (met) the required standard, so I decided to
take this up with (complain to) the manager.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 211

questions.
1) When was the last time you claimed a hefty (generous) discount?
2) If a product is not up to scratch (the required standard), do you tend to take it
back and demand a full refund (money back)?
3) Which shop or business has the most accommodating (obliging) staff?
4) Do you enjoy haggling (negotiating a price)? Would you say that you drive a
hard bargain?
5) Which shop or restaurant has shoddy (substandard) service?

312 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 6) Which products do you need to stock up on (accumulate) at the moment?
7) Can you think of a restaurant or bar with a sterile/impersonal (dull)
atmosphere?
8) When was the last time that you felt ripped off (overcharged for something)?

Chapter 35 - Shopping and Customer Service 313

 Chapter 36 Books

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: From p. 214

1) I have read the comprehensive anthology (entire collection) of Sherlock

Holmes stories, and while one or two of the later stories are somewhat
implausible (unrealistic), most of them are riveting/enthralling (engrossing)
and compelling (gripping)
2) Perhaps even more intriguing (enigmatic) than Sherlock, Conan Doyle was a
colourful (interesting) character who claimed to be able to contact the dead
and who seemed to take great pleasure in tricking people.
3) Frankenstein is a poignant (sad and moving) tale in which a scientist creates
a living monster from dead body parts, precipitating (sparking off) a
catastrophic chain of events.
4) Throughout the story, the antagonist (baddie) and protagonist (main
character) swap places, as the author builds up (promotes) sympathy for
both of them. Victor Frankenstein is an allegory (symbol) for Prometheus
from the Greek myths.
5) While Orwell’s 1984 is a thought-provoking (makes you think) novel, some
complain that the plot is somewhat heavy going (difficult to read)
6) When Orwell read Huxley’s Brave New World, he noted that the plot was
eerily reminiscent of (similar to) Zamyatin’s We.
7) In both 1984 and We, the protagonist (main character) keeps a journal
(diary), hides from the state police, and falls in love with a rebellious woman.
Moreover, both novels have a gloomy (bleak) ending.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the questions. From p. 215

1) Can you think of any antagonists (baddies) from literature that you admire?
2) Who is the protagonist (main character) from your favourite novel?
3) Do you enjoy detective stories, or do you find them rather gloomy (depressing)?
4) Can you think of any stories with an unreliable narrator (story-teller)?
5) What was the last story that you read with an unexpected twist (surprising
ending)?

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 6) Can you tell me about some of your favourite plot devices (literary tricks)?
7) In which novels does the writer build up (increase) suspense most effectively?
8) Can you think of any stories that you found utterly implausible (unrealistic)?

Chapter 36 - Books 315

 Chapter 37 Physics and Chemistry

A. Please use the images and the clues in italics to fill in

thegaps: From p. 218

1) Einstein’s theory of relativity (his most famous theory) claims that the speed
of light is always constant regardless of the velocity (speed) of the light
source.
2) The photoelectric effect describes how electrons (elementary particles) are
emitted (released) from a metal plate when electromagnetic radiation hits the
plate.
3) Einstein demonstrated that the energy of the electrons is directly proportional
(in correlation) to the frequency (Hertz) of the electromagnetic radiation.
4) Ammonia is composed of 1 atom of nitrogen (N) and 3 atoms of hydrogen (H).
Like many other gases, the atoms bond covalently.
5) Salt comprises 1 atom of sodium (Na) and 1 atom of chlorine (Cl). An
electron is transferred from Na to Cl, producing an Na+ ion and a Cl- ion. This
is an example of an ionic (+ -) bond.
6) The water molecule (compound) consists of 2 atoms of hydrogen (H) and 1
atom of oxygen (O). O is more electronegative (pulls electrons) than H, so
the electrons in the covalent bond move closer to the O atom, creating a
small dipole (+ - charge) between the slightly positive H atom and slightly
negative O atom. This is called the hydrogen bond.
7) Ethanol has a lower boiling point (evaporation temperature) than water;
therefore, we can separate the liquids via distillation.
8) Organic compounds tend to dissolve (dissipate) in non-polar solvents like
benzene (C6H6), while inorganic compounds, like metal salts, require polar
solvents, such as water.
9) The melting point (temperature when solid becomes liquid) of the
descending group 1 metals decreases.

B. Fill in the gaps, and discuss the From p. 219

questions.
1) Do you understand Einstein’s theory of relativity (his famous theory)? Does
anyone understand it?

316 Master Vocabulary - Workbook

 2) Can you remember doing any experiments with magnetic and electric fields
(spaces)?
3) Do you think that it might be possible, in the future, to exceed the speed of
light?
4) Do you know why classical mechanics was replaced by quantum (wave/
particle) mechanics?
5) Can you remember doing any experiments with acids (H+) and alkalis (OH-)
at school?
6) Would you be able to give me some examples of molecules (compounds)
that contain ionic (+-) and covalent (shared electrons) bonding?
7) Would you be able to explain why ice floats on water?
8) What is the melting (solid to liquid) point and boiling (evaporation) point of
water?

Chapter 37 - Physics and Chemistry 317