DMT Unit 2
DMT Unit 2
UNIT -2
INTRODUCTION TO CRM
CRM stands for customer relationship management. It’s an all-encompassing digital marketing
tool that enables businesses to manage customer relationships and data. CRM systems track
customer interactions, personalize customer experiences, build brand loyalty, and generate
more leads.
How does a CRM system work, and how one can use it to reach digital marketing success?
Here we see the benefits of using a CRM system, and how CRM platforms facilitate the process
of customer acquisition, engagement, and retention.
1. What is CRM?
2. What does a CRM system do?
3. Why do companies use CRM systems?
4. How does a CRM platform work?
5. How to learn more about CRM
1. What is CRM?
A CRM system is like a digital filing cabinet for all of your customer data. It stores everything
from contact information and sales history, to purchasing patterns and preferences. This data
can be used to support sales and marketing activities, such as email campaigns, personalization
efforts, and customer segmentation.
CRM systems also enable to track customer interactions over time, giving a better
understanding of their needs and behaviour. This helps to build better relationships with
customers and provide them with more tailored services and experiences.
There are different types of CRM systems, such as:
• On-premise CRMs are installed and maintained on the company’s own servers,
requiring significant upfront costs and ongoing maintenance.
• Cloud-based CRMs are hosted on the cloud, offering quick access without software
installation.
• Mobile CRMs are optimized for mobile devices, making them a good choice for
companies with many on-the-go staff members.
Although all CRM systems offer contact management solutions, their focus may vary
depending on the types of businesses and goals they can support. For example, some tools have
a mainly operational focus—managing sales processes, customer service tasks, and customer
communication—while others focus on marketing and analytics capabilities—providing
insights into customer behaviour and buying trends.
Which type of CRM a business uses depends on the size of the company, its budget, and more
specific factors, such as customer segmentation, scalability, and the level of automation
required.
2. What does a CRM system do?
No matter the type of CRM system used, it should be able to perform the following key
functions:
➢ STORE CONTACT INFORMATION
At the heart of every CRM system is contact information storage. It stores all customer or
client-related data, such as names, emails, phone numbers, addresses, and other contact details.
This data allows to identify who the customers are and keep track of their customer journey.
When dealing with a large customer base, CRM tools enable to segment customers into groups
and assign specific tags to them. This makes it easier to target customers and personalize the
messages and marketing campaigns for maximum impact.
.
➢ LOG COMMUNICATION HISTORY
CRM systems log the communication history between the customers and the company. This
way, one can organize customer conversations by contact or account and track interactions with
customers across multiple channels. This feature enables to better understand customers’ needs,
respond quickly and accurately to inquiries, and resolve issues faster. Another advantage is that
with all communication data in one place, it’s easier to spot opportunities for upselling and
cross-selling.
➢ OPTIMIZE THE SALES PROCESS
CRM tools also streamline marketing efforts and automate repetitive tasks. For instance,
company can use them to manage sales pipeline, track leads, and monitor the progress of deals.
That way, company can easily identify which stage they are in and take appropriate action to
move them forward.
You can also use CRM tools to schedule sales calls, set follow-up reminders, and assign tasks
to team members. All this makes optimizing your sales process and maximizing your team’s
productivity much easier.
➢ ANALYZE CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR
Another key feature of CRM systems is analytics. With powerful insights into customer
behaviour, company can get an in-depth understanding of their target audience’s preferences
and buying habits. This allows to track customer engagement and analyse the effectiveness of
the campaigns. Furthermore, this data can be used to identify growth opportunities, create
targeted marketing strategies, and personalize customer experiences.
➢ IMPROVE CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE
One of the most significant advantages of CRM systems is their ability to provide a better
customer experience. By collecting and analysing data about the customers, Companies can
create personalized campaigns that resonate with them. Additionally, CRM tools enable to
build loyalty programs to reward the customers for their engagement and keep them coming
back for more. So, using CRM software is a great way to increase customer satisfaction.
➢ USE MARKETING AUTOMATION
Marketing automation—or sales force automation—is another common feature of CRM
systems. With tools such as email campaigns and drip marketing, you can automate sales and
marketing processes to save time and resources. This will enable you to focus on more critical
tasks, such as nurturing relationships with existing customers, attracting new leads, and
optimizing customer service. And, most importantly, it can help you to provide a seamless
customer journey for maximum satisfaction.
➢ MEASURE AND GROW YOUR BUSINESS
Finally, CRM systems can helps to measure and grow the business. For example, you can use
customer data to assess your campaigns’ lifetime value and return on investment (ROI). That
way, you can adjust your customer outreach strategy as needed and make decisions that will
lead to better customer retention and higher profits, which ultimately translates into business
growth.
1. Setting up the platform: install, configure, and customize it to ensure it’s tailored
to your needs.
2. Collecting customer data: use forms, surveys, or other data collection methods to
gather customer data.
3. Inputting data into the CRM: input all the collected customer data into the CRM
system.
4. Automating processes: automate email campaigns, customer segmentation, and
lead generation tasks.
5. Analyzing data: analyze the data to gain valuable insights into customer
behaviours and preferences.
6. Improving relationships: use these insights to engage customers more effectively
and build stronger relationships.
Of course, this is just a brief overview of how CRM systems work. Every platform comes with
its own set of features and functionalities that can be tailored to a company’s specific needs.
5. HOW TO LEARN MORE ABOUT CRM
Official websites of popular CRM platforms offer comprehensive training materials. Here are
our top three examples:
• HubSpot CRM Software Training
• Zoho CRM Training Courses
• Pipedrive Sales Resources
Another great starting point is the database from CRM.org. It contains a wealth of information
about different types of CRM systems, their features, articles, and case studies.
A Customer Relationship Management system, adds an extra layer of human interaction and
personalization that the digital marketing strategies may be missing. It individualizes
customers, so you can build a stronger, more long-lasting relationship with them.
An immense amount of data is collected by the software, which can then be segmented by
specific criteria. For example, customers that are around the same age with the same interests
are stored in one place, making it easier for sales teams to target them. In doing so, the
marketing strategy becomes more optimized: this saves a great deal of time and money
thanks to automation.
CRMs can also streamline invoices: reduces the processing time and costs of any invoice, as
well as errors. While all CRMs have their unique benefits and features, not all of them are
created equal. CRMs like the one from Odoo provide unique functionalities like the ability to
create automatic and targeted marketing campaigns, end-to-end customer journeys, engaging
email campaigns, and more. Unlike other CRMs, Odoo’s completed integrated solution allows
to combine the power of its CRM with its whole suite of powerful business applications and
third-party apps.
CRM features are rapidly becoming more advanced, offering functionalities like:
A CRM collects and analyses key data from web pages that customers frequently visit to get
a good snapshot of their likes and interests. This way, once the prospect leaves the website,
company can still market to them using personalized ads that will pop up on other websites,
reminding them of what they just saw on the website. Facebook is especially known for this
kind of marketing. It’s a quick reminder of consumer’s previous search history, giving a
little nudge to go back and maybe look at it again, which could lead to an eventual
purchase.
Campaign Creation
CRMs facilitate the creation of new designs for specific future digital campaigns that target the
customers’ companies want. Those campaigns can then be published on the digital
platforms that the customer visits the most. If they correspond to the needs of the customer,
they’ll most likely visit your website. Companies must add those campaigns to their website as
well. Keep them as a constant reminder of what they are searching for.
Time and cost-saving
CRM is also cost-effective for companies: manual entries will be dramatically reduced, no
need to spend more time on saving customer info than actually promoting. Information will no
longer be lost because it is stored in a central location. Less marketing will go to waste because
data will help to hit the nail on the head with what customers are researching.
The most likely and preferred outcome from the combination of these efforts is more loyal
customers, who will in turn be more likely to recommend you as a brand. Surprisingly, even
though a CRM is digital, it brings that key human interaction element that digital platforms
need.
• Create a high converting sales funnel and close them with an action
• Generate more leads using build in leadsly and finder.io
• Maximize your conversions with built in SDR software, call center dialer and more
options
• Use 360o contact management capabilities to view all conversations, call recordings,
and more in one place.
• Automate workflows using visual drag and drop builder
• Customize your sales funnel using custom fields for deals, contacts leads and tasks
• Set automated alerts and reminders using built-in-task management and calendar tools
• Integrate with third-party apps to boost sales productivity
• Unbelievable pricing – the lowest you will ever find
• Everything your business needs 50apps, 24/5 support and 99.95%uptime
➢ Operational CRM
➢ Analytical CRM
➢ Collaborative CRM
Operational CRM
Standing true to its name, Operational CRM enables businesses to handle day-to-day sales,
marketing, and customer relationship service operations. It is one of the most common types
of CRM that streamlines and simplifies these primary business processes. Operational CRM is
highly beneficial to generate leads, convert those leads into sales and contacts, and improve
customer service processes to delight and retain customers. The three major components that
Operational CRM carries are:
• Marketing Automation
Teams usually get tired off due to mundane marketing tasks like posting the campaigns,
assigning dates, and sequentially arranging different promotions. However, with marketing
automation, all the marketing activities are streamlined and automated to free the team to work
on more critical tasks. This operational CRM component is all carried from scheduling regular
campaigns, email marketing, website monitoring, and directing leads to particular processes.
• Sales Automation
For any business, sales play an important role, and automating most sales tasks helps the
business grow faster while focusing on the vitals of sales. Sales Automation streamlines some
sales processes for more clarity and automates numerous time-consuming and manual tasks
that are usually part of sales operations.
• Customer Service
Happy customers make happy businesses. And nothing better than excellent customer service
has this magic. Speeding up the customer processes is what effective customer service
automation does. It expedites various customer service operations like call center routing and
customer information management and provides customer self-service options like chatbots,
automation tools, policy/compliance management, and more.
Analytical CRM
Analytical type is an effective CRM that provides data visualization for clarity and gives you
in-depth insights about customers, their interactions and relationships with your business, and
the future possibilities. It helps you analyze the overall collected information, including
customers’ preferences, contact information, and behaviour. Hence, it doesn’t matter where
your customers are in the buying cycle, or no matter when or how your customers like to
interact with your brand, you are well-equipped to meet their requirements.
Collaborative CRM
The collaborative CRM system is designed to improve the overall customer experience
bringing together the company’s entire channels - marketing, sales, and service data. It
collaborates data to improve synergy within the business, giving each department the proper
understanding of your customers’ needs, preferences, and expectations.
The two major components of collaborative CRMs are Interaction/Contact Management and
Channel Management
Interaction/Contact Management
It helps to track every interaction between customers and business - whether via social media,
email, face-to-face, phone calls, or any other communication channels. Interaction
management allows gathering and stocking these kinds of information, which is usually further
shared with different business units for higher outputs.
Channel Management
Channel management is one level higher than interaction management. It collects the
information and helps to analyze the data to identify and finalize which communication channel
best suits your customers’ preferences. Whether your customer service team connects with
customers via phone call or chat or whether real-time notifications or email works the best,
these sorts of challenges are taken care of by channel management.
A CRM model is a workflow that guides all of your team’s interactions with leads, prospects
and customers. It provides a loose framework that the company can follow to acquire and retain
customers. It is not the same thing as CRM software – rather, CRM software enables to move
efficiently through the CRM model while coordinating with Company’s team.
CRM software is not necessary to run a CRM model. However, CRM software can
substantially improve your ability to execute your chosen CRM model.
The below CRM models are the most widely used across all industries.
IDIC
The IDIC CRM model is the brainchild of the Peppers & Rogers Group, which introduced the
model in 2004. Each of its letters represents a step in the process:
• Identify. In the IDIC model, company starts with identifying leads and customers.
More importantly, companies enrich their leads and customers. In doing so, companies
learn about their pain points and other distinguishing factors. Both these qualities allow
the company to develop better personal relationships with the customers and segment
them into groups.
• Differentiate. Once segmented the customers, company should differentiate them
based on how much Value Company expects them to bring to their business. Rather
than looking at immediate value – consider long-term value too. After differentiating
the customers, better understand how much time and money company should put
toward each one.
• Interact. The first two steps in the IDIC model exist to set up for actual interaction with
prospects and customers, giving a meaningful picture of the customer’s wants and needs
so that company can send them personalized content and communications. This shows
company prospect or customer that company understand their needs, making them more
likely to purchase from the company.
• Customize. Although the previous step involves tailored communications and content,
it should only be the start of modifying the approach to fit target customer’s needs. The
final step of IDIC is to customize companies approach based on what learnings about
the customer. That means tweaking your offerings or deals to best meet the customer’s
needs or budget.
Ph.D.s Adrian Payne and Pennie Frow introduced their Five Forces CRM model to focus on
not just processes but elements too. These are the five processes:
1. Strategy development. In the Payne and Frow model, strategy development comprises
your business and customer strategies. Your business strategy includes your unique
vision for your company and what distinguishes it in its industry and market. Your
customer strategy involves creating ideal buyer personas and otherwise identifying the
qualities that might make a customer choose you.
2. Value creation. In this step, you’ll determine the value you bring to your customers
and vice versa. For example, maybe your events company has access to one-of-a-kind
spaces that consumers just can’t get elsewhere – that’s the value your customers
receive. The value you receive is customers who remain loyal to you, since nobody else
offers spaces like yours.
3. Multichannel integration. After developing your strategy and creating your value,
you should inform your whole team of everything you’ve established. That means not
just your sales team but marketing, customer service and all the sub departments within
each.
4. Performance assessment. Once your multichannel approach has been put to work, you
should reassess your strategy. If your customers are happy and your team is meeting its
key performance indicators (KPIs), then you should be all set. If not, revise your
strategies and values based on input from your team and customers.
These are the four elements of the Payne and Frow process:
QCI
The Quality Competitive Index (QCI) CRM model focuses more on managing customers than
improving relationships with them. It has eight components:
1. Analysis and planning. Fill in any data and behavioural gaps that your prospect
presents, then figure out what value your company brings to the customer.
2. Proposition. Use your customer’s needs to determine how you’ll serve them, then
propose this approach to the customer.
3. Information and technology. Look at your technology to determine how it’s adding
customer information to your CRM and analysing this data. Use what you learn to
conduct reviews and update or modify your technology as needed.
4. People and organization. Designate certain employees as responsible for managing
customer feedback, such as service inquiries and online reviews.
5. Process management. Ensure that your sales and customer service teams are
consistently supporting customers. Identify shortcomings and figure out how to resolve
them.
6. Customer management activity. This element has three elements of its own
– acquisition (obtaining and learning about new customers), penetration (collecting
information about customers and helping them feel connected to your business and its
goals), and retention (keeping customers engaged with your business, which might
include winning back dissatisfied customers).
7. Effect measurement. Analyze your teams’ performance to see how their work
corresponds to sales. Get granular by looking at each sales and customer service rep’s
work as well.
8. Customer experience. Conduct the same process as in the previous step, but for
customer satisfaction instead of sales volume.
Harvard Business School professor Michael Porter introduced the CRM value chain model to
help companies identify and develop unique solutions for customers. Through this CRM
model, you’ll determine which activities bring you the most value and refine your processes
to best assist your customers.
The CRM value chain model has two stages. The primary stage has five parts:
1. Customer portfolio analysis. Determine which customers bring your company the
most value. Then, figure out how to divide your resources among your customers
based on this value.
2. Customer intimacy. Interact with your customers and obtain new data from each
interaction. Adjust your offerings for the customer according to what you learn.
3. Network development. This step is unique among CRM models in that it looks
beyond your company and customers to third parties such as suppliers, investors and
partners. Your goal is to use the data from your customer intimacy step to advise these
third parties on how they can operate to optimize the customer experience.
4. Value proposition development. Use the preceding three steps to develop a unique
value for your customer. Focus on individualized service and minimizing costs so you
can charge your customers less (or retain more earnings).
5. Relationship management. Take a step back and look at the previous steps of your
process. Determine spots where you can improve or make changes, then implement
them. This way, you can perform better overall in customer retention, acquisition and
development.
The second stage is about making sure your company has the following:
• Leadership and culture. Without someone directing your operations and setting
company standards, your CRM model will be harder to execute.
• Procurement processes. You should have a solid workflow in place for moving
customers from highly interested prospects to actual customers.
• HR management processes. You should recruit an HR team (or hire a third-party HR
provider) to resolve internal issues as you go about the CRM value chain model.
• IT management processes. Since CRM is quite data-intensive, proper IT
management is necessary for successful CRM.
• Organization design. You need to clearly designate who is responsible for what and
who reports to whom.
WEB ANALYTICS
Web Analytics is a technique that can be employed to collect, measure, report, and analyze
companies, website data. It is normally carried out to analyze the performance of a website and
optimize its web usage.
Web Analytics is an indispensable technique for all those people who run their business online.
Web Analytics is the methodological study of online/offline patterns and trends. It is a
technique that you can employ to collect, measure, report, and analyze your website data. It is
normally carried out to analyze the performance of a website and optimize its web usage. Web
analytics can be used to track key metrics and analyze visitors’ activity and traffic flow. It is a
tactical approach to collect data and generate reports.
IMPORTANCE OF WEB ANALYTICS
Companies need Web Analytics to assess the success rate of a website and its associated
business. Using Web Analytics, we can −
•Assess web content problems so that they can be rectified
• Have a clear perspective of website trends
• Monitor web traffic and user flow
• Demonstrate goals acquisition
• Figure out potential keywords
• Identify segments for improvement
• Find out referring sources
WEB ANALYTICS PROCESS
The primary objective of carrying out Web Analytics is to optimize the website in order to
provide better user experience. It provides a data-driven report to measure visitors’ flow
throughout the website.
Take a look at the following illustration. It depicts the process of web analytics.
• Set the business goals.
• To track the goal achievement, set the Key Performance Indicators (KPI).
• Collect correct and suitable data.
• To extract insights, Analyze data.
• Based on assumptions learned from the data analysis, Test alternatives.
• Based on either data analysis or website testing, Implement insights.
Web Analytics is an ongoing process that helps in attracting more traffic to a site and thereby,
increasing the Return on Investment.
Web analytics tools provide information about the origin of website traffic, how users navigate
and interact throughout a website, what content and webpages they’re most engaged with, and
if they take valuable actions on the site, known as conversions, these include purchases or
contact requests. Using this data, marketers can optimize channel and website performance
with data-led decisions.
A number of analytics tools are available on the market today. Some of them are free, and some
of them require a paid subscription. Paid analytics products and free analytics products will
differ in terms of support, features, and functionality.
• Google Analytics and Google Analytics 360, which are part of the Google Marketing
Platform
• Adobe Analytics • Webtrends
• Woopra • Piwik
• Kissmetrics
The market leader and most commonly used analytics program is the free version of Google
Analytics, or GA as it is sometimes known. The paid version of GA, called Google Analytics
360, offers some additional functionality in terms of report validity and sample sizes. But it's
mainly for websites that receive more than 10 million page views per month. For the vast
majority of websites, the free version of Google Analytics is perfectly fine. Because of its
functionality and widespread adoption in the market, Google Analytics is seen by many
marketers as the single ‘source of truth’ for website traffic, engagement, and conversion data.
Web analytics is a valuable way to deduce the ‘story’ behind the data, in order to gain valuable
insights and enhance business performance. Web analytics can help a digital marketer
understand their customers better by providing:
One of the real values of web analytics is that it allows companies to deduce the ‘story’ behind
the data in order to gain valuable insights and enhance business performance. Web Analytics
helps to understand your customers better. It tells who they are, where they're coming from,
and what their interests are. It tells you about their demographics and location. It also helps
reveal any conversion challenges that might exist on your website. It helps you grasp what
content and products the consumers like or don’t like, and how they interact on your website.
The companies can use all this information to improve the consumer experience on the website
and to optimize the channels that consumers use to visit that website.
Social media marketing is an approach that allows businesses to promote their products,
websites, services online. Social media in itself is a broad term for sites and apps that may
present completely distinct social actions including Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube,
and many more. SMM provides companies with a gateway to engage with existing customers
and reach out to new ones while enabling them to promote their fancied mission, culture, or
tone. Social media marketing has custom-built data analytics tools that empower marketers to
track the progress of their efforts and take it to the heights they desire.