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Lecture 2 (Part 4) - Fall 2020 - CE - WUB

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41 views16 pages

Lecture 2 (Part 4) - Fall 2020 - CE - WUB

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hosaainashraf0
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture-2 (Part-4)

TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

Lectured by,
Md. Asaduzzaman Rasel
Lecturer
Department of Civil Engineering,
World University of Bangladesh

Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 1


LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

Outline of the Lecture


• SEDIMENTARY ROCK

• References

Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 2


LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

TYPES OF ROCKS Volume Per cent

1. IGNEOUS ROCK 20%

2. SEDIMENTARY ROCK 75%

3. METAMORPHIC ROCK 05%

Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 3


LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

SEDIMENTARY ROCK
• ROCKS WHICH ARE EXPOSED TO SURFACE BY THE ACTION OF WEATHERING
AGENTS.

• THE DISINTERESTED AND DECOMPOSED MATERIAL IS TRANSPORTED INTO


LAKES, OCEANS BY RUNNING WATER, WIND, GLACIERS.

• THE ACCUMULATED MATERIALS GET COMPACTED AND TURN INTO ROCKS.


• ALSO CALLED SECONDARY ROCKS.
Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 4
LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK


CLASTIC ROCK NON - CLASTIC ROCKS

• MECHANICALLY FORMED • FORMED BY NATURE

• FORMED FROM 4 PROCESSES • FORMED FROM ANY OF THESE 2PROCESSES

i. WEATHERING i. CHEMICAL PROCESS (EVAPORATION,


PRECIPITATION, CRYSTALLIZATION ETC.)
ii. EROSION
iii. DEPOSITION
ii. ORGANISM PROCESS (MICRO ORGANISM,
PLANT VEGETATION ETC.)
iv. DIAGENESIS

Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 5


LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 6


LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

• Particle size is more


than 2mm

• Rounded shape

• Heterogeneous

• Harder and Dense

CONGLOMERATE ROCK
Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 7
LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

• Cemented sand grain

• Course to fine Grain

SANDSTONE ROCK
Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 8
LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

• Large Angular
Fragments

BRECCIA ROCK • Particle size is more


than 2mm

• Heterogeneous

Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 9


LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

• Made up of clay

• Alumina contents

SHALE ROCK
Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 10
LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

• Calcium Carbonate

• Fine Grained

• Compact Nature

LIMESTONE ROCK
Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 11
LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

• Magnesium Cabonate

• Fine Grained

• Compact Nature

• Heavy

• Harder than limestone


DOLOMITE ROCK
Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 12
LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

• Gypsum mineral

• White but can turn into


red or grey

• Micro crystalline texture

GYPSUM ROCK
Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 13
LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

• Dense hard

• Brittle

• Chert = White

• Jasper = Red

• Flint = Grey
CHERT ROCK
Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 14
LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

References
• Fundamentals of Physical Geology, Sreepat Jain
• Physical geology : exploring the Earth James S Monroe; Reed Wicander

Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 15


LECTURE 2: TYPES OF ROCKS (SEDIMENTARY ROCK)

Engineering Geology and Geomorphology (CE 501) 16

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