Scribd
Upload
13 views4 pages

Scala Reference Guide - DL

Uploaded by

Lehel Sipos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views4 pages

Scala Reference Guide - DL

Uploaded by

Lehel Sipos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Scala Essential Training

with Margaret Fisher

Scala Reference Guide


Packages
import scala.collection._ wildcard to import everything from the collection library
import scala.collection.Vector specific import for the Vector class
import scala.collection.{Vector, Sequence} import multiple classes
package pkgname declare a package

Operators
x op y is x.op(y) infix notation where op can be +, -, *, /, %
x op is x.op( ) postfix notation
x == y compares two objects (calls equals method)
There is no ++, -- in Scala

Symbols
; optional end of line
-> returns a two element tuple for a key, value pair
<- assign to in a for comprehension
=> used in function literals to separate arguments from the function body
:: cons operator
// single-line comment
/*…*/ multiline comment

Relational Operators
|| or
&& and
! not

Comparison
== equals
< less than
> greater than
<= less than or equal to
>= greater than or equal to

Scala Essential Training with Margaret Fisher


1 of 4
Lambda Expression
( x:Int) => x * x anonymous function to square x
(1 to 5).map(2 * _) anonymous function using bound infix method, multiplies 1,2,3,4,5 by 2
val x = (1 to 5).map {2 * _ multiplies each value by 2
println(x) print x
x } returns x (Vector (2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
(1 to 10) filter { _ % 2==0} only returns even numbers; creates vector (2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
(1 to 10) filter { _ % 2==0} map { _ * 2} multiplies all even values by 2; creates vector (4, 8, 12, 16, 20)

Variables
var creates a mutable variable
var myVar:Int creates a mutable integer variable
val creates an immutable variable
val myVal:String creates an immutable String variable ( or val myVal = “Monday”)

Data Types
Byte
Short
Int
Long
Float
Double
Boolean
String
Char
Unit
Null
Nothing
Any
AnyRef

Scala Essential Training with Margaret Fisher


2 of 4
Functions
def f(x:Int) = {…} define function f, with parameter x, an integer; no return type specified
def times3(x:Int) = 3 * x
val f = (x:Int) => 3 * x anonymous function call
def message(x:Int){ //function returns unit since it has no = sign; prints Hello world x times
for(i<-(1 to x)) println(“Hello World”) }
def message(x:String, intro:String =”Dear”) { //use a default value for intro
println(intro + “,” + x) }
def f(x: R) call by value
def f(x: => R) call by name (reference)
def sum(xs:Int*):Int = { //return type required for recursive functions
// * indicates variable number of args
var r = 0
for(x <- xs) r += x
r}
def sum(xs:Int*):Int = //same results as above
if(xs.length == 0) 0 else xs.head + sum(xs.tail : _*)

Data Structures
(1,2,3) tuple literal
var(a,b,c) = (1,2,3) tuple unpacking via pattern matching
var xs = List(1,2,3) creates an immutable list called xs
xs(0) access the element at location zero, indexing
4::List(3,2,1) adds 4 to the front of the list creating List(4,3,2,1)
1 to 10 range of numbers from 1 to 10 inclusive
1 until 10 range of numbers from 1 to 9, excludes upper bound
val list = List.range(1,11) creates a List of values excluding the upper bounds

Scala Essential Training with Margaret Fisher


3 of 4
Decision Statements
If(expr that evaluates to true/false) println(“true”) else println(“false”)

Loops
while(expr) {…} execute a body of code while the expr is true
do{…} while(expr) execute a body of code at least once, continue while expr is true
for(x <- myList) println(x) print all values of x from the List called myList
for(x <- myList if x%2 == 0) yield x*10 for comprehension
for(x <- 1 to 10) {…}

Pattern Matching
val x = r match {
case ‘0’ => … //match a value
case ch if someProperty(ch) => … //add a guard to the match criteria
case e: Employee => … //match runtime type
case (x,y) => … //destructures pairs
case Some(v) => … //case classes have extractors
case 0 :: tail => … //infix notation for extractors yielding a pair
case _ => … //default case

Escape Sequences
\b backspace
\t tab
\n newline
\r carriage return
\” double quote
\’ single quote
\\ backslash

Scala Essential Training with Margaret Fisher


4 of 4

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy