2024 Spring_ English Conversation Student number: Name:

Vocabulary List

Topic 1: Happiness
Expression Definition (synonym + antonym) Example Sentence(s)

ease of mind; a feeling of quiet happiness and

satisfaction.
만족; 필요나 욕구가 채워짐 She finds contentment in her
contentment(n) twenties with a decent job, close
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↳content(adj.) SYN) complacency, fulfillment, gratification, circle of friends and enough free
pleasure, satisfaction, serenity time to enjoy her hobbies.
ANT) disappointment, dissatisfaction, trouble,
unhappiness

the fulfillment of a desire; the pleasure

obtained from such fulfillment; anything that The happiness and life satisfaction
brings gratification, pleasure, or contentment levels of Korean elementary
satisfaction(n)
완전 만족; students rank very low in
2 ↳satisfactional(a)
상황이나, 몸, 마음 등이 나아졌을 때 느낌 comparison with students of the
↳satisfactionless(a)
same age from other countries,
SYN) enjoyment, pleasure, comfort according to a survey, Tuesday.
ANT) displeasure, discontent

based on inner experience rather than fact

; of, affected by, or produced by the mind or a
particular state of mind; of or resulting from the
feelings or temperament of the subject, or Happiness is different for
subjective(a)
person thinking everyone! In other words, it is
3 ↳subjectively(adv)
주관적 subjective not objective. It could
↳subjectivity(n)
be based on many things!
SYN) personal, emotional, prejudiced, biased
ANT) objective, detached, open-minded,
impersonal, unbiased

not influenced by personal feelings,

interpretations, or prejudice; based on facts
objective(a)
객관적 He had no objective evidence that
↳objectively(adv)
4 anything extraordinary was
↳objectivity(n)
SYN) unbiased, neutral, detached, just happening.
↳objectiveness(n)
ANT) prejudiced, biased, personal, unfair,
subjective, unjust

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 a broad range of varied but related ideas or The newspaper covers a broad
objects, the individual features of which tend to spectrum of opinion.
overlap so as to form a continuous series or
5 spectrum(n)
sequence The two speakers were chosen to
스펙트럼; 전체 범위 represent opposite ends of the
SYN) range, variety, series, selection spectrum.

A better water supply would

a good or satisfactory condition of existence; a contribute dramatically to the
state characterized by health, happiness, and villagers' well-being.
prosperity; welfare
6 well-being(n)
웰빙; 심신의 만족과 균형 이룬 행복 Thus, our lifestyle and its effect on
our physical well-being has in turn
SYN) welfare, good, interest, health a positive effect on our feelings
and mental experiences.

giving more of something, especially money,

than is usual or expected; friendly, helpful, and
willing to see the good qualities in someone or
generous(a)
something He showed unparalleled grace and
↳generously(adv)
7 후한, 너그러운, 관대한(아량 있는) understanding to students and
↳generousness(n)
was a generous mentor.
↳generosity(n)
SYN) open-handed, free, unstinting. generous,
charitable, liberal, bountiful, munificent
ANT) mean, selfish, greedy, stingy

Life evaluations continued to be

remarkably resilient with global
averages in the COVID-19 years
bouncing or springing back into shape, position,
2020-2022 just as high as those in
etc. after being stretched, bent, or, esp.,
the pre-pandemic years 2017-
resilient(a) compressed; recovering strength, spirits, good
2019.
8 ↳resiliently(adv) humor, etc. quickly
↳resilience(n) 회복력이 있는
New data show that positive social
connections and support are
SYN) elastic, flexible, springy
strongly tied the resilience of life
evaluations during times of crisis,
like COVID-19 and war.

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Topic 2: Inventions
expression definition (synonym + antonym) example

a thing or an idea that has been created or

designed that has not existed before;
invention(n) the act of creating or designing something that
Before computer, fax machines
↳invent(v) has not existed before
1 were a wonderful invention at
↳inventional(a)↳ 발명
the time.
inventive(a)
SYN) discovery, origination, excogitation,
innovation, creation

a series of actions that produce a change or

development; a series of things that are done in
Learning how to take care of
order to achieve a particular result
2 process(n) himself on his own was a long
과정; 일련의 변화; 진행
and painful process for him.

SYN) procedure, course, system, operation

extremely important in a particular situation or Innovative inventions are

essential(a) for a particular activity essential to the advancement of
↳essentialness(n) 필수적인, 본질적인 society.
3
↳essentiality(n)
↳essentially(adv) SYN) vital, fundamental Vitamins play an essential role in
ANT) inessential, non-essential many body processes.

an act of moving forward;

the process of helping something/somebody to
make progress or succeed
advancement(n)
진보 Advancements in robotics will
4 ↳advance(n)
transform(=change) industry.
↳advancing(a)
SYN) development, growth, improvement,
progress
ANT) decline, delay, stay

Designing an invention is not an

trying several different methods of doing
trial and error(n) easy task. It involves a lot of trial
5 something until the right result is found
↳trial-and-error(a) and error to create something
시행착오
that is both useful and practical.

He was one of the most creative

innovative(a) introducing or using new ideas, ways of doing and innovative engineers of his
↳ innovatively(adv) something, etc. generation.
↳innovativeness(n) 혁신적인
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↳innovate(v) New businesses and innovative
↳innovation(n) SYN) advanced, forward-looking, products will still be driven by
↳innovator(n) ANT) unoriginal, regressive creative people who see the
future differently to their peers.

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Topic 3: Advertisement
expression definition (synonym + antonym) example

to help sell a product, service, etc.

The company's products have
or make it more popular by advertising it
been promoted mainly through
promote(v) or offering it at a special price
advertising in newspapers.
1 ↳promotion(n) 촉진하다, 홍보하다
↳promoter(n)
The band has gone on tour to
SYN) assist, help, support, encourage, raise
promote their new album.
ANT) discourage, obstruct, demote, degrade

Verb) to find it attractive or interesting

Anne’s great appeal is her open-
Noun) a quality that makes somebody or
mindedness and a sense of
appeal(v/n) something attractive or interesting
humor.
2 ↳appealing(a) 흥미를 끌다
↳appealingly(adv)
The Prime Minister appealed to
SYN) invite, attract,
young people to use their vote.
ANT) dissuade, refuse, offend

to make somebody do something by giving them

good reasons for doing it
to make somebody believe that something is true It took a month, but I finally
persuade(v)
3 설득하다 persuaded my parents into
↳persuasive(a)
letting me go to the camp.
SYN) convince, assure
ANT) dissuade

a particular group at which a product such as a

The potential target audience for
film or advertisement is aimed
this new cellphone
4 target audience(n) 광고 타깃(대상자)
advertisement was mainly
teenagers.
SYN) target group

the activity of giving a particular name and image

It wasn't until well into the
to goods and services so that people will be
twentieth century that
attracted to them and want to buy them
5 branding(n) businesses started using
브랜드 이미지 확립을 위한 기업전략
branding as a standard business
practice in marketing.
SYN) gathering, lettering, stigmatization

something important, interesting or typical of a

place or thing His eyes are his most notable
a distinct or outstanding part, quality, or feature.
feature(n)
characteristic of something
6 ↳feature(v)
특색, 특징, 특성, 이목구비(의 각 부분) More than half of the artists
↳featureless(a)
특별히 포함하다, (~의) 특징을 이루다 featured in the exhibition are
women.
SYN) characteristic, peculiarity

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Topic 4: Social Media
expression definition (synonym + antonym) example

This essentially refers to someone doing a great

job. For example, if someone is performing a
A: How did I do on the
very impressive dance, when they're done, you
1 Ate presentation?
might turn to your friend and say “they ate that”.
B: Dude, you ate!
It can also be abbreviated to “they ate” or even
“left no crumbs”

a shortened version of charisma, or a "personal

quality of presence or charm." When someone
has rizz, it means that they're charming or a A: Do you have any rizz?
smooth-talker — especially while flirting B: Of course, I do! I have a
Rizz skill in charming or seducing a potential romantic girlfriend!
2
↳rizz up(v) partner, especially through verbal
communication I’m about to rizz up Sarah. Do
Charisma you know if she has a boyfriend?
; Rizz is also used as a verb, often in the form rizz
up, meaning to charm someone.

A song that is catchy and exciting. The term is

often used to describe a song that's really good,
A: What song do you like
catchy and gets stuck in your head. For example,
3 Banger B: I like Attention by NewJeans. It
if someone says "That song is a banger," they
is such a banger
mean that the song is really good and enjoyable
to listen to.

That person is such a red flag.

something that provokes an angry or hostile
4 Red Flag reaction
The talk about raising taxes was
problematic
a red flag to many voters.

Something you think about a lot;

The Roman Empire often refers to a powerful and
A: What are you into nowadays?
dominating force or entity.
5 Roman Empire B: Avatar The Last Airbender is
The term “Roman Empire” evolved to mean
my Roman Empire.
something unexpected that frequently occupies
one's thoughts.

a general feeling or sensation that someone gets

or has about something: A: Hey, where do you want to go
Good thing to hang out?
6 Vibe
Vibe has many meanings: good B: Let’s go to this café. This café
thing/atmosphere/feeling ~ is such a vibe.
to chill, relax ~

5
 Great!
A: How are you doing today?
7 G6 for someone who is cool, confident, and very
B: I'm feeling very G6.
rich.

A: How was the restaurant you

went to last night?
very very
8 Mad + Adj B: It was great. The food was
Mad is like very, a lot, and really!
mad cute.

A: "We need some visuals for our

Professional photos of common places, marketing campaign. Any
situations, people, etc. ideas?"
9 stock photos People use stock photos in the news, in B: "How about incorporating
advertisements, in presentations, and more! 'stock photos' into the design?"
Some stock photos are very strange. A: "Sounds like a plan. Let's do
it."

A: "Our last post got so many

likes."
A meme is an image, video, or piece of text that B: "How about using 'memes' this
10 meme
is copied and spread on social media for humor time?"
A: "Okay, that should grab some
attention."

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Topic 5: Empathy
expression definition (synonym + antonym) example

the ability to share another person's feelings

The ability to feel empathy
and emotions as if they were your own
allows you to “put yourself in
empathy(n) 공감
someone else’s shoes”.
1 ↳empathic(a)
↳empathetic(a) SYN) understanding, compassion, appreciation,
That warmth of true empathy
rapport, warmth
makes us feel less alone.
ANT) indifference, unfeelingness

to identify as something or someone previously

seen, known, etc.
to admit or to be aware that something exists or
He did not think she could
is true
recognize his car in the snow.
recognize(v) to accept and approve of somebody/something
↳recognizable(a) officially
Most of us recognize the
2 ↳recognizability(n) -(어떤 사람·사물을 보거나 듣고 누구·무엇인지)
importance of diet.
↳recognizably(adv) 알아보다[알다]
↳recognizer(n) -인정[인식]하다 (=acknowledge)
The court explicitly recognized
-공인[승인]하다
the group's right to exist.

SYN) identify, know, perceive, admit

ANT) deny, miss, ignore,

I felt a sharp pain in my lower

the feelings that you have in your body when
back.
you have been hurt or when you are ill;
pain(n)
mental or emotional difficulty
↳painful(a) I could sense my sister’s pain and
n)(육체적) 아픔, 통증, 고통 혹은 (정신적) 고통
3 ↳painfully(adv) so I put my arm around her to
v)고통스럽게 하다
↳painless(a) comfort her.
↳painlessly(adv)
SYN) ache, agony, anguish
It pains me to think of you
ANT) comfort, health, joy, delight
struggling all alone.

the feeling of being sorry for somebody;

showing that you understand and care about
somebody’s problems
the act of showing support for or approval of an Our heartfelt sympathy goes out
idea, a cause, an organization, etc. to the victims of the war.
4 sympathy(n) 동정, 동감
I have no sympathy for Jane—it's
SYN) affinity, understanding, unity, compassion, all her own fault.
empathy, kindness
ANT) apathy, incompatibility, misunderstanding,
discouragement, meanness

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 always thinking of other people’s wishes and
feelings; careful not to hurt or upset others Empathy promotes helping
사려 깊은, (남을) 배려하는 behaviors and being considerate.
considerate(a)
5 ↳considerately(adv)
SYN) thoughtful, compassionate, generous, It was very considerate of him to
↳considerateness(n)
mindful, sympathetic, warm-hearted let the blind man go first even
ANT) inconsiderate, careless, disagreeable, after the long wait.
greedy, hard, harsh, hateful

to promote the growth or development of

조성하다, 발전시키다
foster(v) Empathy allows you to foster
6
↳ fosterer(n) SYN) encourage, promote, further, forward, social connections with others.
advance, nurse, nourish, support, cherish,
ANT) discourage, hinder, block, stop

all the circumstances and things that are

happening at a particular time and in a
situation(n) particular place If you want to improve your
7 ↳situational(a) 상황, 처지, 환경 situation you must adopt a
↳situationally(adv) positive mental attitude.
SYN) site, position, case, condition,
circumstance

the way that somebody do and say things,

especially towards other people; I noticed a change in his behavior
behavior(n) observable activity in a human or animal after he found out the truth.
8 ↳behavioral(a) 행동, 행실, 품행, 태도, 습성
↳behaviorally(adv) Activity near the birds' nest is
SYN) act, action, performance, bound to affect their behavior.
ANT) cessation, idleness, inactivity,

the fact of being common to more than one

individual; commonness We need to understand the
9 commonality(n) differences between us and the
공통성
commonalities that we share.
SYN) common, commonalty, commoner

This lively book presents a

a way of regarding situations, facts, etc, and refreshing new perspective on a
judging their relative importance crucial period in our history.

10 perspective(n) 관점, 시각

SYN) angle, aspect, attitude, context, mindset, The perspective of wheelchair

prospect, viewpoint users must be taken into account
when designing public buildings.

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 to imitate (a person, a manner, etc), esp for
Various tricks have been used to
satirical effect; ape
make virtual reality more
mimic(v) 흉내를 내다 immersive and convincing,
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↳mimicker(n) SYN) ape, look like, mirror, resemble, simulate including fans that mimic wind
and muscle vibrations that fool
ANT) be original, direct, fail, halt, idle, prevent,
nerves into perceiving weight.
stop

There were two-way mirrors and

the air vent was stuffed full of

moving, permitting movement, or operating in cameras.

12 Two-way(a) either of two opposite directions

양 방향의, 쌍방의 The value chosen to represent

two-way trade is then the lower
of these two figures.

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Topic 6: Problem Solving

expression definition (synonym + antonym) example

a difficult or an unpleasant situation, especially

one where it is difficult to know what to do
As we can see, life can have
predicament(n) 곤경, 궁지
1 many different problems or
↳predicamental(a)
predicaments.
SYN) dilemma, quandary
ANT) blessing, benefit, solution

Some problems are small and

to make a very strong request for something
demand(v) can be quickly solved. However,
(강하게)요구하다
↳ demanding(n) others are more complex and
2
↳ demander(n) demand collaboration, creativity,
SYN) appeal, force, order, enquire, ask
↳ demandable(a) and a considerable amount of
ANT) answer, replay, deny, disclaim
effort to tackle.

to make a determined effort to deal with a

difficult problem or situation
The government is determined
to deal with (a person) on some problem, issue.
to tackle inflation.
(힘든 문제·상황과) 씨름하다,
3 tackle(v)
(문제·힘든 상황에 대해) 솔직하게 말하다[따지다]
I tackled him about the money he
owed me.
SYN) deal with, undertake, work on, confront
ANT) abstain, end, finish, avoid

the basic cause of something

For problem solving, it is
An initiating cause of a chain of events which
4 root cause(n) important to determine the root
leads to an outcome or effect of interest.
cause of the problem!
근본 원인

The 5 Whys technique is based

to discover the facts about something,
on determining what is actually
determine(v) to be the cause of or reason for (something)
happening rather than what we
↳determination(n) 알아내다, 밝히다 (=establish),
think is happening.
5 ↳determined(a) (무엇의 방식·유형을) 결정하다
↳predetermined(a)
The physical capabilities of a
↳indeterminate(a) SYN) demonstrate, figure out, work out
plant determine where it can and
ANT) disprove, miss, overlook
cannot live.

to make something that has been officially

decided start to happen or be used,
Once when we were designing a
to put into effect according to or by means of a
implement(v) website for an important client,
6 definite plan or procedure
↳implementation (n) they kept adding features that
실행하다
were difficult to implement.
SYN) carry out, enforce, achieve
ANT) fail, neglect, stop, miss

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