Circular Motion

 Marked Questions can be used as Revision Questions.

PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A) : Kinematics of circular motion
A-1. Figure shows a circular path taken by a particle. If the instantaneous velocity of the particle is
v = (2m /s) î – (2 m/s) ĵ . Through which quadrant is the particle moving when it is travelling
(a) clockwise and (b) counter clockwise around the circle?
y

A-2. Find the ratio of angular speeds of minute hand and hour hand of a watch and also find the angular
speed of the second's hand in a watch.

A-3. A wheel is subjected to uniform angular acceleration about its axis. Initially its angular velocity is zero.
In the first 2 seconds, it rotates through an angle 1. In the next 2 seconds, it rotates through an
additional angle 2. Find the ratio of 2/1.
A-4. If the equation for the angular displacement of a particle moving on a circular path is given by
() = 2t3 + 0.5, where  is in radians and t in seconds, then find the angular velocity of the particle after
2 seconds from its start.
A-5. The length of second’s hand in a watch is 1 cm. Find the magnitude of change in velocity of its tip in
15 seconds. Also find out the magnitude of average acceleration during this interval.

Section (B) : Radial and Tangential acceleration

B-1. A particle moves uniformly in a circle of radius 25 cm at two revolution per second. Find the
acceleration of the particle in m/s2.
B-2. A car is moving with speed 30 m/sec on a circular path of radius 500 m. Its speed is increasing at the
rate of 2 m/sec2. What is the acceleration of the car at that moment?

B-3. A particle moves in a circle of radius 1.0 cm at a speed given by v = 2.0 t where v is in cm/s and t in
seconds.
(a) Find the radial acceleration of the particle at t = 1s.
(b) Find the tangential acceleration at t = 1s
(c) Find the magnitude of the acceleration at t = 1s.
Section (C) : Circular Motion in Horizontal plane
C-1. A small sphere of mass 200 gm is attached to an inextensible string of length 130 cm whose upper end
is fixed to the ceiling. The sphere is made to describe a horizontal circle of radius 50 cm. Calculate the
time period of this conical pendulum and the tension in the string. (2 = 10)
C-2. A motorcyclist wants to drive on the vertical surface of wooden ‘well’ of radius 5 m, in horizontal plane
with speed of 5 5 m/s. Find the minimum value of coefficient of friction between the tyres and the wall
of the well . (Take g = 10 m/s2)
C-3. A mass is kept on a horizontal frictionless surface. It is attached to a string and rotates about a fixed
centre at an angular velocity 0. If the length of the string and angular velocity are doubled, find the
tension in the string which was initially T0.

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Circular Motion
C-4. A ceiling fan has a diameter (of the circle through the outer edges of the three blades) of 120 cm and
rpm 1500 at full speed. Consider a particle of mass 1g sticking at the outer end of a blade. What is the
net force on it, when the fan runs at full speed ? Who exerts this force on the particle ? How much force
does the particle exert on the blade in the plane of motion ?

Section (D) : Radius of curvature

D-1. A ball is projected with initial speed u and making an angle  with the vertical. Consider a small part of
the trajectory near the highest position and take it approximately to be a circular arc. What is the radius
of this circle? This radius is called the radius of curvature of the curve at the point.

D-2 A particle is projected with initial speed u and at an angle with horizontal. What is the radius of
curvature of the parabola traced out by the projectile at a point where the particle velocity makes an
angle /2 with the horizontal?

Section (E) : Circular motion in vertical plane

E-1. A weightless thread can support tension upto 30 N. A stone of mass 0.5 kg is tied to it and is revolved
in a circular path of radius 2 m in a vertical plane. If g = 10 m/s2, find the maximum angular velocity of
the stone.
E-2. A simple pendulum oscillates in a vertical plane. When it passes through the mean position, the tension
in the string is 3 times the weight of the pendulum bob. What is the maximum angular displacement of
the pendulum of the string with respect to the downward vertical?
E-3. A small body of mass m hangs at one end of a string of length a, the other end of which is fixed. It is
given a horizontal velocity u at its lowest position so that the string would just becomes slack, when it
makes an angle of 60° with the upward drawn vertical line. Find the tension in the string at point of
projection.

E-4. A body attached to a string of length  describes a vertical circle such that it is just able to cross the
highest point. Find the minimum velocity at the bottom of the circle.
Section (F) : Motion of a vehicle, Centrifugal force and rotation of earth
F-1. When the road is dry and coefficient of friction is , the maximum speed of a car in a circular path is
10 ms–1. If the road becomes wet and coefficient of friction become /2, what is the maximum speed
permitted?
F-2 Find the maximum speed at which a car can turn round a curve of 30 m radius on a level road if the
coefficient of friction between the tyres and the road is 0.4 [g = 10 m/s2]
F-3. A train has to negotiate a curve of radius 400 m. By how much height should the outer rail be raised
with respect to inner rail for a speed of 48 km/hr ? The distance between the rails is 1 m :
F-4. A road surrounds a circular playing field having radius of 10 m. If a vehical goes around it at an average
speed of 18 km/hr, find proper angle of banking for the road. If the road is horizontal (no banking), what
should be the minimum friction coefficient so that a scooter going at 18 km/hr does not skid.
F-5. A circular road of radius 1000 m has banking angle 45°. Find the maximum safe speed of a car having
mass 2000 kg, if the coefficient of friction between tyre and road is 0.5.
F-6. In the figure shown a lift goes downwards with a constant retardation. An
observer in the lift observers a conical pendulum in the lift, revolving in a
horizontal circle with time period 2 seconds. The distance between the centre of
the circle and the point of suspension is 2.0 m. Find the retardation of the lift
in m/s2. Use 2 = 10 and g = 10 m/s2
F-7. A turn of radius 20 m is banked for the vehicles going at a speed of 36 km/h. If the coefficient of static
friction between the road and the tyre is 0.4, what are the possible speeds of a vehicle so that it neither
slips down nor skids up ?
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Circular Motion
PART - II : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE
Section (A) : Kinematics of circular motion
A-1. Two racing cars of masses m 1 and m2 are moving in circles of radii r and 2r respectively and their
angular speeds are equal. The ratio of the time taken by cars to complete one revolution is :
(A) m1 : m2 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 1 : 1 (D) m1 : 2m2

A-2. A wheel is at rest. Its angular velocity increases uniformly with time and becomes 80 radian per second
after 5 second. The total angular displacement is :
(A) 800 rad (B) 400 rad (C) 200 rad (D) 100 rad

 20 
A-3. A particle moves along a circle of radius   m with tangential acceleration of constant magnitude. If
  
the speed of the particle is 80 m/s at the end of the second revolution after motion has begun, the
tangential acceleration is:
(A) 160  m/s2 (B) 40  m/s2 (C) 40 m/s2 (D) 640  m/s2

A-4. During the circular motion with constant speed :

(A) Both velocity and acceleration are constant
(B) velocity is constant but the acceleration changes
(C) acceleration is constant but the velocity changes
(D) velocity and acceleration both change

Section (B) : Radial and Tangential acceleration

B-1. Two particles P and Q are located at distances r P and rQ respectively from the axis of a rotating disc
such that rP > rQ :
(A) Both P and Q have the same acceleration (B) Both P and Q do not have any acceleration
(C) P has greater acceleration than Q (D) Q has greater acceleration than P

B-2. Let ar and at represent radial and tangential acceleration. The motion of a particle may be circular if :
(A) ar = 0, at = 0 (B) ar = 0, at  0 (C) ar  0, at = 0 (D) none of these

B-3. A particle is going with constant speed along a uniform helical and spiral path separately as shown in
figure (in case (a), verticle acceleration of particle is negligible)

(b)
(A) The velocity of the particle is constant in both cases
(B) The magnitude of acceleration of the particle is constant in both cases
(C) The magnitude of accleration is constant in (a) and decreasing in (b)
(D) The magnitude of accleration is decreasing continuously in both the cases
B-4. If the radii of circular paths of two particles of same masses are in the ratio of 1 : 2, then in order to
have same centripetal force, their speeds should be in the ratio of :
(A) 1 : 4 (B) 4 : 1 (C) 1 : 2 (D) 2 : 1

Section (C) : Circular Motion in Horizontal plane

C-1. A stone of mass of 16 kg is attached to a string 144 m long and is whirled in a horizontal smooth
surface. The maximum tension the string can withstand is 16 N. The maximum speed of revolution of
the stone without breaking it, will be :
(A) 20 ms–1 (B) 16 ms–1 (C) 14 ms–1 (D) 12 ms–1
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Circular Motion
C-2. On horizontal smooth surface a mass of 2 kg is whirled in a horizontal circle by means of a string at an
initial angular speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Keeping the radius constant the tension in the string is
doubled. The new angular speed is nearly:
(A) 14 rpm (B) 10 rpm (C) 2.25 rpm (D) 7 rpm

C-3. A particle is kept fixed on a uniformly rotating turn-table As seen from the ground , the particle goes in
a circle, its speed is 10 cm/s and acceleration is 10 cm/s2.The particle is now shifted to a new position
to make the radius half of the original value.The new values of the speed and acceleration will be
(A) 20 cm/s, 20 cm/s2 (B) 5 cm/s, 5 cm/s2 (C) 40 cm/s, 10 cm/s2 (D) 40 cm/s, 40 cm/s2

C-4. A coin placed on a rotating turntable just slips if it is placed at a distance of 16 cm from the centre. If the
angular velocity of the turntable is doubled, it will just slip at a distance of
(A) 1 cm (B) 2 cm (C) 4 cm (D) 8 cm

C-5. A rod of length L is hinged at one end and it is rotated with a constant angular velocity in a horizontal
plane. Let T1 and T2 be the tensions at the points L/4 and 3L/4 away from the hinged end.
(A) T1 > T2 (B) T2 > T1 (C) T1 = T2
(D) The relation between T1 and T2 depends on whether the rod rotates clockwise or anticlockwise

Section (D) : Radius of curvature

D-1. A stone is projected with speed u and angle of projection is . Find radius of curvature at t = 0.
u2 cos2  u2 u2 u2 sin2 
(A) (B) (C) (D)
g gsin gcos  g

D-2. A particle of mass m is moving with constant velocity v on smooth horizontal surface. A constant force
F starts acting on particle perpendicular to velocity v. Radius of curvature after force F start acting is :
mv 2 mv 2 mv 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) none of these
F Fcos  Fsin

Section (E) : Circular motion in vertical plane

E-1. A car is going on an overbridge of radius R, maintaining a constant speed. As the
car is descending on the overbridge from point B to C, the normal force on it :
(A) increase (B) decreases
(C) remains constant (D) first increases then decreases.
E-2. In a circus, stuntman rides a motorbike in a circular track of radius R in the vertical plane. The minimum
speed at highest point of track will be :
(A) 2gR (B) 2gR (C) 3gR (D) gR
E-3. A particle is moving in a vertical circle. The tensions in the string when passing through two positions at
angles 30° and 60° from downward vertical are T1 and T2 respectively. Then
(A) T1 = T2 (B) T2 > T1
(C) T1 > T2 (D) Tension in the string always remains the same
E-4. A bucket is whirled in a vertical circle with a string attached to it.The water in bucket does not fall down
even when the bucket is inverted at the top of its path. In this position choose most appropiate option if
v is the speed at the top.
mv 2 mv 2
(A) mg = (B) mg is greater than
r r
2
mv mv 2
(C) mg is not greater than (D) mg is not less than
r r

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Circular Motion
Section (F) : Motion of a vehicle, Centrifugal force and rotation of earth
F-1. A train A runs from east to west and another train B of the same mass runs from west to east at the
same speed with respect to earth along the equator. Normal force by the track on train A is N1 and that
on train B is N2:
(A) N1 > N2 (B) N1 < N2 (C) N1= N2
(D) the information is insufficient to find the relation between N1 and N2.

F-2. If the apparent weight of the bodies at the equator is to be zero, then the earth should rotate with
angular velocity
g 2g g 3g
(A) rad/sec (B) rad/sec (C) rad/sec (D) rad/sec
R R 2R 2R

PART - III : MATCH THE COLUMN

1. Each situation in column I gives graph of a particle moving in circular path. The variables ,  and t
represent angular speed (at any time t), angular displacement (in time t) and time respectively. Column
 gives certain resulting interpretation. Match the graphs in column  with statements in column  and
indicate your answer by darkening appropriate bubbles in the 4 × 4 matrix given in the OMR.
Column-I Column-II

 (A) (p) Angular acceleration of particle is uniform

2

(B) (q) Angular acceleration of particle is non-uniform


2 -  graph


(C) (r) Angular acceleration of particle is directly proportional to t.

t
 - t graph


(D) (s) Angular acceleration of particle is directly proportional to .

2
t
 - t2 graph

2. A particle is moving with speed v = 2t 2 on the circumference of circle of radius R. Match the quantities
given in column-I with corresponding results in column-II
Column-I Column-II
(A) Magnitude of tangential acceleration of particle (p) decreases with time.
(B) Magnitude of Centripetal acceleration of particle (q) increases with time
(C) Magnitude of angular speed of particle (r) remains constant
with respect to centre of circle
(D) Angle between the total acceleration vector (s) depends on the value of radius R
and centripetal acceleration vector of particle

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Circular Motion

Section (E) :
EXERCISE # 1 E-1. (B) E-2. (D) E-3. (C)
PART - I E-4. (C)
Section (A) : Section (F) :
A-1. (a) first (b) third. F-1. (A) F-2 (A)
 PART - III
A-2. 12 : 1, rad/sec. A-3. 3:1
30 1. (A) q,s (B) p (C) p (D) q,r
A-4. 24 rad/sec 2. (A) q (B) q, s (C) q, s (D) p, s
 2  2
A-5. cm/sec, cm/s2
30 30  15
Section (B) :
B-1. 42
 181 
B-2.  m / sec 2 

 5 
B-3. (a) 4.0 cm/s2 , (b) 2.0 cm/s2, (c) 20 cm/s2
Section (C)
6 13
C-1. 2 sec., N (with 2 = 10)
5 6
C-2. 2/5 C-3. 8 T0
152 152
C-4. = 14.8N, = 14.8 N.
10 10

Section (D) :
u2 sin2  u2 cos2 
D-1. D-2
g gcos3 ( / 2)
Section (E) :
E-1. 5 rad/s E-2. 90°
9
E-3. mg E-4. 5g
2
Section (F) :
F-1. 5 2 ms–1 F-2 120 m/s
2
F-3. m F-4. tan–1(1/4) , 1/4
45
F-5. 100 3 m/s F-6. 10 m/s2
50 18
F-7. Between  = 14.7 km/h
3 5
and 54 km/hr
PART - II
Section (A) :
A-1. (C) A-2. (C) A-3. (C)
A-4. (D)
Section (B) :
B-1. (C) B-2. (C) B-3. (C)
B-4. (C)
Section (C) :
C-1. (D) C-2. (D) C-3. (B)
C-4. (C) C-5. (A)
Section (D) :
D-1. (C) D-2. (A)