JURNAL PENDIDIKAN KE PE RAWATAN INDONESIA

e-ISSN 2477-3743 p-ISSN 2541-0024

The Effect of Knowledge Management in Healthcare Services:

A Systematic Review
Daviq Ayatulloh, Nursalam Nursalam*, Ninuk Dian Kurniawati
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
*Corresponding E-mail: nursalam@fkp.unair.ac.id

ABSTRACT
ARTICLE INFO
Introduction: The quality of service at health facilities needs to be improved, one
of the main keys is the service provided by health workers. Objective: The aim of
HOW TO CITED:
this systematic review was to analyze the effectiveness of knowledge management
Ayatulloh, D., Nursalam, N., in healthcare. Methods: The systematic review was carried out in March-April 2020
& Kurniawati, N. D. (2021).
The Effect of Knowledge
with a range of article search times from 2016-2020 using 5 electronic databases
Management in Healthcare (Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL and ProQuest). The Center for Review
Services: A Systematic and Dissemination and the Joanna Briggs Institute Guideline were used to assess the
Review. Jurnal Pendidikan quality and PRISMA's checklist for this review guide. The literature search
Keperawatan Indonesia. 7(1),
p. 84-96
described four keyword groups based on Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) and the
search description was (knowledge management*' OR 'SECI knowledge
DOI: management') AND ('health care' OR hospital). Result: The article searched was
10.17509/jpki.v7i1.35132 found 13 articles suitable with the eligibility criteria, the results of the systematic
review found that knowledge management had the effectiveness to provide
information and knowledge processes, improve decision-making abilities, improve
ARTICLE HISTORY: performance and quality of health services and increase organizational
Received
effectiveness. Discussion: As health service providers, hospitals and other health
June 11, 2021 care institutions must continue to improve the quality of services. By improving the
quality of services, it is expected to be able to answer the demands of the community
Revised
June 26, 2021 to always provide optimal health services. With the application of good knowledge
management, ideas and creativity from the workforce will be created in creating
Accepted
June 29, 2021
health service innovations.
Published Keywords: Health Care, Knowledge Management, Quality Services
June 30, 2021

1. ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Kualitas pelayanan di fasilitas kesehatan perlu ditingkatkan, salah
satu kunci utamanya adalah pelayanan yang diberikan oleh tenaga kesehatan.
Tujuan: Tujuan dari tinjauan sistematis ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas
manajemen pengetahuan dalam perawatan kesehatan. Tinjauan sistematis
dilakukan pada bulan Maret-April 2020 dengan rentan waktu pencarian artikel
adalah 2016-2020 menggunakan 5 database elektronik (Scopus, PubMed, Science
Direct, CINAHL dan ProQuest). Center for Review and Dissemination dan Joanna
Briggs Institute Guideline digunakan untuk menilai kualitas dan daftar periksa
PRISMA untuk panduan ulasan ini. Pencarian literatur menggambarkan empat
kelompok kata kunci berdasarkan Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) dan deskripsi
pencarian adalah (manajemen pengetahuan*' ATAU 'manajemen pengetahuan
SECI') AND (efek ATAU dampak ATAU) DAN ('perawatan kesehatan' ATAU rumah
sakit). Hasil: Artikel yang dicari ditemukan 13 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria
kelayakan, hasil tinjauan sistematis menemukan bahwa manajemen pengetahuan
memiliki efektivitas untuk memberikan informasi dan proses pengetahuan,
meningkatkan kemampuan pengambilan keputusan, meningkatkan kinerja dan

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kualitas pelayanan kesehatan dan meningkatkan organisasi efektivitas. Diskusi: Sebagai penyelenggara pelayanan
kesehatan, rumah sakit dan institusi pelayanan kesehatan lainnya harus terus meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan.
Dengan peningkatan mutu pelayanan diharapkan mampu menjawab tuntutan masyarakat untuk selalu memberikan
pelayanan kesehatan yang optimal. Dengan penerapan manajemen pengetahuan yang baik akan tercipta ide dan
kreativitas dari tenaga kerja dalam menciptakan inovasi pelayanan kesehatan.

Kata kunci: Tenaga Kesehatan, Managemen Pengetahuan, Kualitas Pelayanan

INTRODUCTION Until now, the quality of services provided

The health service process is a core service by nursing is still not well standardized and not
or primary service in hospital services determined maximized (Ali et al., 2017). The form of service
by the human resources in it. Resource provided still depends on various factors that cause
management in service industries such as hospitals differences in providing care. In some health
and other health services needs to be considered facilities that still do not provide welfare to nurses,
when environmental changes are very fast and it will cause nurses' performance to be less good,
complex (Riyan M. Faris, Heti Mulyati, 2020). The so that the nursing care provided is also not
human resources in the hospital include all medical wholehearted (Zhang et al., 2020). The prevalence
and non-medical personnel. To realize the creation of work problems is reviewed globally in several
of quality health services, it requires health hospitals in Indonesia which is still less than
workers who have intellectual, technical and standard, based on research conducted by (Zhang
interpersonal abilities, working based on standard et al., 2020) showing that the performance data of
practice (Modest, 2020). If the quality of health hospitals in several provinces in Indonesia is 45%
services has reached a good and comprehensive with poor performance. This is far from the
category, then the degree of public health will also standard value set by the Ministry of Health of the
increase (Damtie & Getahun, 2017; Wung et al., Republic of Indonesia in 2013 with the ideal figure
2016). The quality of health services provided by to be achieved is 70-80%.The low quality of the
health workers is very important for the quality performance of nurses can result in efforts to
provided by hospitals to achieve patient maintain patient safety by nurses being less than
satisfaction (Kaur et al., 2020; Olalubi & Bello, optimal (Nguyen et al., 2018).
2020). The quality of nursing services is very
One of the indicators of service quality at important to improve so that hospital services also
health facilities is the quality of nursing services and increase community satisfaction (Ali et al., 2017).
patient satisfaction, if the quality of nursing services The number of problems that exist in organizations
can run well, then patient satisfaction will also within health agencies that make the quality of
increase and increase public confidence in the health services unable to develop, one of which is
quality of health services provided (Kim & Han, increasing the ability and knowledge of its human
2019; Samad Hosseini et al., 2019). The resources. Improving the quality of nursing care
requirements of health service are stated as quality can be through programs from external and internal
services. They can provide satisfaction to service nurses, it is very important to foster motivation and
recipients if the implementation of the proposed or caring from nurses (Kim & Han, 2019). It is
determined service, which includes an assessment necessary to intervene for medical personnel in
of patient satisfaction regarding the availability of improving the quality of service and employee
facility, standard of procedure, continuity of caring, performance, one of which is by using knowledge
patient’s acceptance, service achievement health, management (Riyan M. Faris, Heti Mulyati, 2020).
affordability, the efficiency and quality of health Knowledge management is one method that can be
services (Karamat et al., 2019; Tian et al., 2018). applied in improving the understanding, quality,

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quantity, responsibility and ability of health Analysis (PRISMA) checklist to determine study
workers. Knowledge management is a process to options and the Center for Review and
seek, find and share knowledge (skills, skills, Dissemination and the Joanna Briggs Institute
experiences and networks) possessed by (JBI) Guideline as a guide in assessing study
individuals in an organization to their quality. The PICOS question format (P =
organizations and other individuals within the population, I = intervention, C = comparison, O =
organization (Kim & Han, 2019; Shamim et al., outcome, S = study type) was used as the search
2019). Based on the results of research conducted strategy in the review questions described in Table
by (Mohan & Gomathi, 2015; Nursing and 1. We searched for relevant articles that matched
Midwifery Council, 2018), it shows that this the review in March-April 2020 with a vulnerable
knowledge management approach can make article search time of 2016-2020 using 5 electronic
nurses' performance more optimal and in databases (Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct,
accordance with organizational goals. So that, CINAHL and ProQuest) to find articles relevant to
researchers are interested in doing a systematic the review. We also included manual searches for
review to find out the Effect of Knowledge bibliographic references of selected articles and
Management in Healthcare Services. gray literature databases to minimize publication
bias. The literature search described four keyword
METHODS groups based on Medical Subject Heading (MeSH)
and the search description was (knowledge
Literature Search Strategy management*' OR 'knowledge management
The literature review strategy used the SECI') AND (effect OR impact OR) AND ('health
protocol and recommendations from the Preferred care' OR hospital). The complete search strategy in
Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta- this review is shown in Figure 1.

Tabel 1. PICOS Framework in Systematic Review

PICOS framework Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria

Population Medical personnel working in health services Studies that do not discuss health services
Intervention Studies that examine knowledge management Studies that do not address the effect of
interventions provided to respondents, both direct providing knowledge management
and indirect interventions interventions on respondents
Comparators The comparison intervention group used was another No Exclusion
intervention or a group that was only observed
without intervention
Outcomes Studies explaining the effect of knowledge The study discuss other interventions
management interventions on medical personnel in
health services
Study Design and The qualitative case study, Quasi experiment, No Exclusion
publication type Mixed-method research design, The study included
interpretative case studies, cross-sectional design,
Research and Development, Descriptive study
Publication years 2016 to 2020 No Exclusion
Language English and Indonesian No Exclusion

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The study was identified from the Scopus,

PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL and ProQuest
databases (n = 84)

Articles identified by duplication (n = 75) Exclusion (n = 26)

Populations
Does not focus on health care services (n = 5)
Screening based on title identification Intervention
(n = 68) Intervention is not appropriate / specific with
knowledge management (n = 12)

Outcome
Screening based on abstract identification Did not discuss interventions for knowledge
(n = 42) management impact (n = 9)

Exclusion (n = 24)
Populations
Does not focus on health care services (n = 4)
Assessment based on full text and eligibility
criteria (n = 18) Intervention
Intervention is not appropriate / specific with
knowledge management (n = 10)

Outcome
Articles that are suitable and can be used Did not discuss interventions for knowledge
(n = 13) management impact (n = 10)

Figure 1. Flow Chart of Literature Search

Study Selection research aim, theoretical framework, study design,

The article searched was found 84 studies, sample size, sampling method, description of
after checked for duplication there were 75 of the participants, reliability and validity, measurement
same articles and 68 articles left after duplication instruments, analysis and statistical techniques and
excluded. Article selection was performed by two outcomes. The assessment of the quality of study
reviewers independently and the disagreement of were used JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) critical
the study was solved by team discussion. The appraisal checklist for cross-sectional and quasi-
authors screening based on the title, theme of experimental studies, assessment criteria was
systematic review, abstract and full text, and 42 given a score of 'yes', 'no', 'unclear' or 'not
articles was left. After assessing the eligibility applicable ', in the last assessment study score was
criteria there were 13 articles. calculated. In the last screening, 13 studies reached
a score higher than 50% and were ready for
Data extraction and quality assessment analysis.
Data extraction was carried out by the
research team independently, and the data was Data analysis and synthesis
reviewed by the research team. The relevant data Data analysis and synthesis in the studies
were extracted, including: author, year, country, were described according to study design, study

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and sample characteristics, country and one studies used descriptive study. Based on these
psychological intervention divided into online and results and the JBI Critical Appraisal checklist can
offline intervention. be seen in Table 2, the study that have score more
than 50% passed the screening risk of bias. The risk
RESULT of bias assessment in the study showed because
The study quality of each article designated most of the determination of sample size is
as the source of systematic review was determined included by non-probability techniques, the pre-
based on the quality analysis of The JBI Critical experimental design is conducted in only one
Appraisal Tools and 13 studies that met the criteria group and the results are observed before and after
for this systematic review, the results obtained the intervention is given. The high risk of bias is
were three studies used cross-sectional study, three also due to the existence of several other factors
studies used qualitative case study, three studies that contribute to the psychology of each
used quasi-experimental research design, two individual, thus becoming a confounding factor in
studies used mixed-method research design, one the study. All studies included in systematic
studies used research and development design and reviews are showed in Table 2.

Tabel 2. The Result of Article

No Author/Years Participant Design Effect of Intervention Location
1. (Känsäkoski, 2017) 30 registered nurses The qualitative case 1. Provide information and In two Finnish
and three mothers and study knowledge processes. University Hospital
children were 2. Increase decision making Districts
interviewed 2009-2011 ability.
and the findings were
supported with a survey
(n=13) and document
material.
2. (Fadhillah et al., 61 respondents Quasi experiment 1. Improve Job Jakarta Islamic
2018) pre post-test with Performance Hospital
the control group
3. (Ajanaku, 2018) The total population of Mixed-method 1. Improve Quality of At the University
registered nurses in research design Nursing Care College Hospital
UCH is 1192 while that (UCH) located in
of OAU is 756. Ibadan, Oyo State
Therefore the total and Obafemi
population of the study Awolowo University
is 1948. Teaching Hospitals
Complex (OAUTHC)
located in Osun State,
Nigeria
4. (Bahar & Bahri, 59 interviews were con The study included 1. Increase Discussion Hospital in Malaysia
2017) ducted with doctors and interpretative case making ability
nurses studies
5. (Hendriks et al., 74 nurses Quasi experimental 1. Improve Job Dutch Hospital
2016) research design Performance
6. (Fadhillah et al., 120 respondents Quantitative with 1. Improve Job Hospital in Jakarta
2020) cross sectional Performance
design
7. (Johan Agus 100 nurses Quasi experimental 1. Improve Quality of Surabaya Haji
Yuswanto & pre-post-test design Nursing Care Hospital
Ernawati, 2020)

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Tabel 2. The Result of Article (Advanced)

No Author/Years Participant Design Effect of Intervention Location
8. (Kurniawan, 2017) 33 hospital Case Studies 1. Improve Job Hospital Services in
administrators in Performance Jakarta
Indonesia (the
respondent is the
hospital leaders,
medical staff, and
paramedics).
9. (Tang, 2017a) 266 respondent Cross-Sectional 1. Improve organizational In the city-level
effectiveness Grade III Level I
Hospital in Shanghai
City
10. (Tian et al., 2018) 352 respondent Cross-Sectional 1. Improve organizational In Shanghai Huashan
learning Hospital
11. (Choy, 2017) 216 elderly patients Research and 1. Improve Quality of The Comfort Nursing
Development Nursing Care Home, Taiwan

12. (Jang, In-Sook · 184 nurses Descriptive study 1. Increase decision making Five General
Park, 2016) ability Hospitals Daejeon,
Korea
13. (Wahyanto et al., 10 nurses consist of Mixed-method 1. Improve Quality of Muji Rahayu
2019) Head of Medical research design Nursing Care Hospital
Service, Nursing
Coordinator and
Inpatient Coordinator

Study Characteristics (Jang, In-Sook · Park 2016). The purpose of this

The research in this review was conducted in systematic review study was to determine the
health institutions, namely 3 studies conducted at effect of knowledge management on health
Jakarta hospitals, 3 studies conducted in Taiwan services. Based on the results of the study, it is
namely (In the city-level Grade III Level I Hospital known that the knowledge management provided
in Shanghai City, In Shanghai Huashan Hospital is mostly done online and a small part of the
and The Comfort Nursing Home) (Choy 2017; research is through direct intervention methods.
Tang 2017; Tian et al. 2018), 2 studies conducted
in Surabaya (Muji Rahayu Hospital and Haji Characteristics of Respondents
Hospital) (Fadhillah et al. 2018; Fadhillah, Respondents in this study were all
Nursalam, and Mustikasari 2020; Wahyanto, professional medical personnel and most of the
Damayanti, and Supriyanto 2019), 1 study using 2 respondents were nurses and doctors in all agencies
hospitals namely In two Finnish University or where they worked. Research has mentioned
Hospital Districts (Känsäkoski 2017), 1 study knowledge management interventions to improve
conducted in a Dutch hospital, 1 research health services, with the majority of respondents
conducted in a Malaysian hospital (Hendriks, numbering more than 100 respondents.
Ligthart, and Schouteten 2016), 1 study using 2 Respondents in this study were on average between
hospitals in Nigeria namely At the University 20 - 55 years of productive age and were multi-
College Hospital (UCH) located in Ibadan, Oyo regional. The gender characteristics of respondents
State and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching between men and women are almost the same
Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC) located in Osun because this study is comprehensive and most of
State (Ajanaku 2018) and 1 study using 5 hospitals the education levels are diploma and bachelor.
in Korea namely Five General Hospitals Daejeon Based on information about the perceived quality

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of health services, more than 40% of the data conducted by (Jang, In-Sook · Park, 2016) show
indicate that they have problems with improving that knowledge management is one of the most
the quality of health services and employee important factors in decision making.
performance, thus requiring knowledge
management interventions. Improve the performance
The research results conducted by
Providing Information and Knowledge Process (Fadhillah et al., 2018, 2020) found that the
Based on research conducted by performance of nurses in implementing patient
(Känsäkoski, 2017) knowledge management safety in the control group who had been given
makes a person manage and identify a type of SECI knowledge management intervention with a
information in decision making, so that it impacts caring approach was better and more significant
the policy-making process and the decisions they than the control group. In this study, it was shown
take to be more responsible and meet future that in developing a nurse performance model
challenges. based on SECI knowledge management with a
The research results conducted by (Tian et caring approach, the work factor was the main
al., 2018) that knowledge management will factor that contributed highly to the nurse's
improve the transfer and transmission of performance. This shows that knowledge
knowledge from each employee. Knowledge management has a positive effect on nurse
management also makes employees feel learning performance.
and support from the organization, so they are The research results conducted by (Hendriks
more effective in sharing information, knowledge et al., 2016) found that tacit knowledge on
and experiences of other employees. In addition, knowledge management (insight and capacity to
employees will not worry or fear about the bad understand work processes) is a significant and it
possibilities that will occur in their work careers showed as a predictor of high nurse performance.
because the transfer of knowledge between The research results conducted by (Kurniawan,
employees makes them more active in their work 2017) show that social interaction skills,
and it will have an impact on their promotions. technological capabilities and knowledge
management are the most important factors for
Improve Decision Making Ability hospitals to improve management capabilities and
Based on research conducted by employee performance.
(Känsäkoski, 2017) it was found that knowledge
management makes a person manage and identify Improving the Quality of Health Services
a type of information in decision making so that it The research result conducted by (Ajanaku,
has an impact on the policy-making process and the 2018) showed that knowledge management makes
decisions they take to be more responsible and an important and effective contribution in
meet future challenges. The study result (Bahar & providing good health services. The contribution
Bahri, 2017) show that knowledge management such as awareness about management practices in
makes someone evaluate previous decision making hospitals, assisting nursing administrators, health
to assess the significance or quality of the results policy makers and utilizing knowledge-based
of these decisions. This evaluation is very resources in nursing care in Nigeria. It can
important because it is to clarify whether a decision conclude that the productivity and quality health
has been effective or not, so that the decision services can be improved. The patient safety model
avoids negative consequences. The knowledge based on Organizational Citizenship Behavior
management helps improve existing knowledge, (OCB) and knowledge management has proven to
before making decisions and ensuring that they be effective in reducing the incidence of decubitus
make the best choice. The results of research ulcers in inpatient rooms, in the sense that this

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model is highly recommended to improve the decision-making abilities, 3) improve

quality of health services, especially in nursing performance, 4) improve the quality of health
care (Johan Agus Yuswanto & Ernawati, services and 5) increase organizational
2020). effectiveness.
(Choy, 2017) stated that comprehensive
service improvement in nursing homes was carried Providing Information and Knowledge Process
out using a knowledge-based continuous Research conducted by (Känsäkoski, 2017)
improvement module. This is explained in the suggests that knowledge management makes a
performance of long-term care services carried out person manage and identify a type of information
by staff in nursing homes and the quality of in decision making. (Tian et al., 2018) also
services for the elderly can be examined suggests that knowledge management will improve
holistically using a knowledge management-based the transfer and transmission of knowledge from
service quality assessment module. The formation each employee. Knowledge management is a
of knowledge using the SECI model in the RSUD process of improving existing knowledge either
Muji Rahayu room showed that 70% of through the process of discovering new knowledge
respondents had carried out socialization activities. or through a process of self-reflecting on
Socialization has an important role because it is in experiences that have been experienced. This is
the description of the tasks that must be carried out what is called the knowledge process (Praharsi,
by nurses in carrying out nursing care which is the 2016). The presence of knowledge management
backbone of integrated services in hospitals. The will make it easier to find information and find
quality of nursing services and the quality of health people who have information that the company
services are determined by nurses who are needs. This is able to increase the productivity of
competent in their fields, therefore the task of everyone in the company, so that staff can work
nurses is very dependent on the tacit more effectively (Andhara, 2018).
knowledge possessed by individuals (Wahyanto et The studies and research found above can be
al., 2019). concluded that knowledge management is a
process of absorption, creation and application of
Increase Organizational Effectiveness knowledge that, if implemented in organizations or
The results of research conducted in Taiwan individuals, can provide efficient and effective
found that knowledge management gives results and positively impact. With this knowledge
individuals the ability to create good knowledge. management, all parts of the company and
Knowledge management can also have a positive organization are expected to be able to gain
effect on organizational culture and positive and knowledge and insight related to business,
significant organizational effectiveness for the operations, management and information in the
healthcare industry (Tang, 2017a). technology era, so that companies can compete
with the demands of the times. Currently, the
DISCUSSION application of knowledge management is mostly
Knowledge management is a process of done in business companies, because it can provide
managing knowledge. Knowledge is a mixture of the information contained in the company can be
experience, values and contextual information that managed fluently. It also can be used to analyse
provides a broad perspective for evaluating and what business strategies and how to take it to
integrating new experiences with information increase profits and competitive competition with
(Machlup et al., 2016). Based on the results of a other companies. In addition, another reason for
literature search on health workers, knowledge the many applications of knowledge management
management has the functions to 1) provide carried out in the business field is that existing
information and knowledge processes, 2) improve knowledge can be used to innovate a product.

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Improve Decision Making Ability competence, through knowledge management

Knowledge management allows a person to nurses can increase their knowledge while still
manage and identify a type of information in managing themselves. The performance of nurses
decision making, so that it impact on the policy provided by nursing personnel reflects the
processes and decisions they take to take professionalism of nurses in improving patient
responsibility and face future challenges safety and satisfaction. This statement is in
(Känsäkoski, 2017). Supported by research Bahar accordance with research that states that nurses'
and Bahri (2017) suggests that knowledge performance through knowledge management and
management makes decisions made more mature caring guidance can improve patient safety in
because knowledge management applies an hospitals (Fadhillah et al., 2018, 2020). Likewise,
evaluation system of previous decision making, so the results of the same study suggest that
that decision making is avoided from negative knowledge management has a huge influence on
impacts or consequences. It also suitable with the the performance of nurses (Hendriks et al., 2016).
research result showed that knowledge The performance carried out by nurses is also
management is one of the most important supported by caring feelings, social interaction
factors in decision making (Jang, In-Sook · Park, skills, facilities and technology for nurses' self-
2016). development. A good nurse's performance is also
The decision-making process carried out by influenced by the ability and motivation of nurses
individuals and company management will to carry out their duties, the knowledge of nurses is
become easier and more effective by using sufficiently proven that it can bring up the
knowledge management. Concepts like this will professionalism of nurses in carrying out nursing
help them gain access to different opinions and care wholeheartedly. In line with research on the
experiences to present more perspectives in the importance of growing intelligent and professional
decision-making process. Thus, the decisions that souls from nurses, it requires a managerial and
will be chosen will be more effective and will have knowledge approach. The results of several studies
a better impact on the company and also on all above are in accordance with the results of the
interested parties (Andhara, 2018). Knowledge literature in a systematic review which shows that
Management is able to improve individual abilities knowledge management can improve nurse
in problem solving and decision making (Riyan M. performance through coaching, developing,
Faris, Heti Mulyati, 2020). They were creating increasing knowledge of nurses.
more accurate decision making. Every decision
will be born with a very mature thought. Because Improving the Quality of Health Services
it was decided based on various important The quality of health services is a priority in
considerations based on experience and hospitals to improve patient safety and satisfaction.
information that was reviewed from various Nursing training based on knowledge management
important aspects. For example, knowledge can make nurses more capable of self-
sharing is always studying the dynamics of management, wise in decision making, good
competition in the business and service planning and able to make strategies in achieving
industries and the demands that consumers need. successful nursing care (Ajanaku, 2018).
That way, the company or institution always Knowledge management services in inpatient
focuses on selling only what consumers really like rooms can improve the professionalism of nursing
and need. services for patients with decubitus ulcers (Johan
Agus Yuswanto & Ernawati, 2020) and services at
Improve the performance nursing homes showing a significant quality
Performance is built from the ability of a improvement after being given knowledge
nurse based on knowledge and professional management learning (Choy, 2017). The process

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of knowledge transfer in knowledge management Limitations

was mentioned in a study, one of which was The limitations of this systematic review
through socialization and evaluation of the quality during the literature collection and summary
of nursing care (Wahyanto et al., 2019). So it can process are knowledge management interventions
be concluded that knowledge management is a carried out on health workers are still too few and
process to seek, find and share knowledge only applied in a few countries, in Indonesia there
(skills, skills, experience and networks) possessed are still not many interventions use this tool,
by individuals in an organization to their especially in hospitals or other health service
organization and other individuals within the agencies. So that the determination of this
organization. intervention is more effective cannot be
The hospital's task is to create optimal health determined. The implementation of tool is also
services and innovations in the form of knowledge influenced by several factors from each individual,
management which will later be useful for so that the success and effectiveness also depend
improving health services. The quality of service on the condition of each individual.
will be optimal with the support of the hospital by
considering health services from the workforce and CONCLUSION
human resources in hospitals or other health Hospitals or other health care institutions
institutions. The purpose of this knowledge can increase innovation in their health services by
management innovation in health services is to implementing optimal knowledge management. As
create excellent and complete health services. This health service providers, hospitals and other health
innovation is an important thing in creating quality care institutions must continue to improve the
service, it is hoped that patient satisfaction will quality of services. By improving the quality of
increase. services, it is expected to be able to answer the
demands of the community to always provide
Increase Organizational Effectiveness optimal health services. The existence of
An organization becomes more effective if knowledge management in the practice of health
the managerial process goes well, good workers has great benefits in providing
management skills are created from the knowledge information and knowledge processes, decision-
of competent nurses. This is in line with research making abilities, improving performance and
(Tang, 2017b) which states that the knowledge quality of health services and increasing
management method can grow optimal knowledge Organizational Effectiveness.
in nurses so as to produce a positive effect on an
organization. The main purpose that is formed is REFERENCES
that the organization can be effective if the Ajanaku, O. J. (2018). Knowledge management
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