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MMW Reviewer (Module 1-4)

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30 views4 pages

MMW Reviewer (Module 1-4)

Uploaded by

James Cedric Lim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MMW REVIEWER (MODULE 1-4)

● Patterns in Nature
> Anything that REPEATS with recurring characteristics or SERIES of a regular or
consistent arrangement according to a specific rule or SEQUENCE is considered
a PATTERN.
> Patterns in nature are visible regularities of form in the natural world. These
patterns recur in different contexts and can sometimes be modelled
mathematically.
● Natural Patterns
1. Symmetry
> There is symmetry if an imaginary line is drawn across an object, the resulting
parts mirror each other.
2. Spiral
> Curved pattern that focuses on a center point and a series of circular shapes
that revolve around it. Common in Plants and some animals.
3. Meander
> Series of regular sinuous curves, bends, loops, turns, or windings in the channel
of a river, stream, or other watercourses.
4. Cracks
> Linear openings that form in materials to relieve stress. The pattern of cracks
indicates whether the material is elastic or not.
5. Stripes
> A line or band that differs in colour tone from an adjacent area. This may be
seen in various living things, especially animals.
Aside from natural patterns, you can also come across four main types of patterns in
which you are also familiar with.
1. Logical Patterns
> Usually, the first to be observed since making categories or classification
comes before numeration. For children, logical patterns include studying
shapes and colors. For older ones, logic test can be seen on aptitude tests.
To identify logic patterns, you have to look out four things:
1. Rotating shapes
2. Increase and decrease in numbers of shapes or patterns
3. Alternating patterns, colors, and shapes.
4. Mirror images or reflections.
2. Geometric Patterns
> Geometric Patterns are a collection of shapes repeating or altered to create a
cohesive design. They appear in paintings, drawings, tapestries, wallpapers, tiling,
and carpets.
Tesselations
- Repeating patterns of polygons that cover a plane with no gaps or overlaps.
Some examples showing tesselations are the honeycombs made by honey bees
and scales of fish.
Fractals
- Are mathematical constructions characterized by self-similarity. Two objects
are self-similar if they can be turned into the same shape by stretching or
shrinking (and sometimes rotating). Some famous fractals are the Sierpinski
Triangle, Pascal’s Triangle, Koch Snowflake, and Fractal Tree.
Sierpinski Triangle
- Begins as an equilateral triangle. The recursive procedure is to replace the
triangle with three smaller congruent equilateral triangles such that each smaller
triangle shares a vertex with the large triangle.
Pascal’s Triangle
- Contains the numerical coefficients of binomial expansions. In Pascal’s
Triangle, the Sierpinski Triangle can also be drawn by connecting or shading the
odd numbers.
Fractal Tree
- In making a fractal tree, start at some point and move a certain distance in
a particular direction. At that point, make a branch. Turn some angle to the right
(and left) and then repeat the previous step using a shorter distance. Then, do the
same in making the succeeding branches.
Koch Snowflake
- In drawing a Koch Snowflake, one needs to start by drawing an equilateral
triangle. Then, divide each side into three equal parts. After that, draw an
equilateral triangle on each middle part.
THE FIBONACCI SEQUENCE

● Who is Fibonacci?
> Leonardo Pisano or Leonardo of Pisa.
> Born in Pisa, Italy, in 1770.
> Recognized and well-known for popularizing the Hindu-Arabic numeral system
or decimal system in Europe.
> Well known as Fibonacci, a shortened word for the Latin term “Fillius Bonacci”,
which means “son of Bonacci” because his father is Guglielmo Bonaccio.
> He discovered one of the famous formulas in mathematics, the FIBONACCI
SEQUENCE.

Listing the number of pairs in a sequence, we have

1+1 1+2 2+3 3+5 5+8 8+13 13+21 21+34


1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, ...

THE GOLDEN RATIO


● The Golden Ratio Derived from the Fibonacci Sequence
> There are ways to derive the approximate value of the Golden Ratio, such as
1. By using the golden sections, a and b of a line segment where
THE INDISPENSABILITY OF MATHEMATICS

> Indispensability is the characteristic of being indispensable. Indispensable is a


strong adjective for something necessary that you cannot do without. Thus,
mathematics is indispensable.
> Mathematics is everywhere and is very helpful in every aspect of our lives. Our
world would be in chaos, things would be unorganized, and the form of arts would
not be pleasurable at all if not for mathematics.

1. Mathematics helps organize patterns and regulations in the world.


2. Mathematics helps predict the behaviour of nature and phenomena in
the world.
3. Mathematics helps control nature and occurrence in the world for our
own ends.
4. Mathematics has numerous applications in the world, making it
indispensable.

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