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Corrosion Protection For Offshore Pipelines

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33 views7 pages

Corrosion Protection For Offshore Pipelines

Uploaded by

resamod288
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Corrosion Protection for Offshore Pipelines

Methods for external protection of sub-sea pipelines:

 Design plays a big role in corrosion control


 Primary protection is provided by coatings
 Cathodic protection is used to protect holidays in the coating

Internal Corrosion Control Requires Monitoring:

 Chemical injection
 Corrosion inhibitors
 Biocides
 Scale inhibitors
 Materials selection
 13-Cr alloys
 Duplex Stainless steels
 Not usually controlled with coating

Corrosion Control – Integrity Management Flow Diagram:

Fig. 1: Corrosion Control – Integrity Management Flow Diagram


Operating temperature has a great influence on corrosion control.
Operating temperature can be as high as 65oC to 100oC
For every increase of 10oC the corrosion rate nearly doubles
Design data needed for internal corrosion control:
 CO2
 H2S
 Oxygen content
 Operating temperature and pressure
 Organic Acids, pH
 Velocity
 Solids, three phase flow,scaling

Design data needed for external corrosion control:

 Operating temperature
 Water temperature
 Water movement
 Depth of water
 Burial
 Pipe size and length

External corrosion failure modes:

 Seawater corrosion, scowering, abrasion of the coating, and sea bottom movement
 Galvanic corrosion (dissimilar metals in an electrolyte)
 Oxygen concentrations cell corrosion (pitting and crevice corrosion)

Design Of Risers Effects The Choice Of Coating Materials:

 Riser can be coated


 Fusion Bond Epoxies
 Three layer systems
 Rubber linings
 Risers can have extra wall thickness for corrosion and mechanical damage allowance

Typical Pipeline Coatings For Corrosion Control:

 External pipeline protective coatings


 Fusion bond epoxy
 With a rough coat
 Polyethylene coatings (2 layer)
 Three layer
 Polyolefin coatings (3-layer PE and 3-layer PP)
 Bitumen, asphalt and coal tar coatings
 Coal tar epoxies
 Coal tar urethanes
 External concrete coatings
 weight coatings
 Polymer concrete

Qualification requirements for fusion bonded epoxy coatings:


Fig. 2: Qualification requirements for fusion bonded epoxy coatings
Typical properties for extruded polyolefin coatings:
Fig. 3: Typical properties for extruded polyolefin coatings
Typical properties for coal tar enamel coatings:
Fig. 4: Typical properties for coal tar enamel coatings
Typical corrosion allowances for internal corrosion of carbon steel subject to in service corrosion:

Fig. 5: Typical corrosion allowances for internal corrosion of carbon steel subject to in service
corrosion
Cathodic Protection of Sub-sea Pipelines:

 Impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP)


 Onshore
 Offshore
 Sacrificial cathodic protection
 Bracelet anodes
 Aluminum
 Zinc

Cathodic protection design parameters and coatings design considerations:


Fig. 6: Cathodic protection design parameters and coatings design considerations
Monitoring and Inspection of Coatings:

 As part of the corrosion designs for offshore pipelines corrosion monitoring and corrosion
inspection plans are needed.
 These plans are intended to monitor the effectiveness of corrosion mitigation and to measure
changes as the pipeline ages.

Determining the effectiveness of corrosion control:

 Side scanning sonar detect areas where the pipeline may be bridging the ocean floor
 shifting of the ocean floor
 Cathodic protection monitoring
 potential survey
 current drain surveys.

These surveys provide information about the condition of the cathodic protection system coating
performance and coating breakdown.
Inspection and testing can demonstrate pipeline integrity
In-line inspection tools:
 Magnetic flux leakage
 Ultrasonic testing

Hydrostatic testing:

 Pressure testing
 Spike testing

Coatings supplemented with cathodic protection can result in long service life
The first line of defense for an offshore pipeline is the coating on the pipe. Many different types of
coating are used for offshore pipeline. Coatings for offshore must have good resistance to water
absorption, cathodic disbondment, and strong adhesion to the pipe.
Cathodic protection is used to protect holidays in the coating.
Testing of coatings can provide some guidance concerning the ability of a coating to survive the
offshore environment. Coating history and performance is very valuable information.

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