1YEAR-I SEMESTER COURSE CODE: 7BMA1C2 ALGEBRA AND TRIGONOMETRY CORE COURSE - II — es — Binomial Series — Exponential Series — Logarithmic Setiey | Unit -I F Summation of Seri con roots and coefficients — Sum of the powers OF the roots — Reciprs Unit — II quations. Relation betw Equation — Transformation of E Uni “ah tiple Roots — Nature and position of roots —Descarte’s rule of Signs, Roy theorem Sturm’s functions — Problems ~ Finding number and positon af thee nt Finding the nature and position of the roots (CardanséeFerrar's method not include’ ‘Approximate solution of Numerical equations — Newton’s met Sictinal Demoivre’s Theorem — Expression for sinn®, cosn®, tang , Unit -IV 30, tand in powers of 0. Applications of 3 1 Expression for sin", cos"@ - Expansion of sin®, co: Unit-V : ; 4 loearithm Hyperbolic functions - Inverse hyperbolic functions, and logarithm of comple, number. Text Books: 1. Summation of Series and Trigonometry by Dr.S.Arumugam and A.Thangapandi Isaac — New Gamma Publishing House,Palayamkottai. 2. Theory of Equations, Theory of Numbers and Trigonometry by Dr. S.Arumugam and A.Thangapandilssac - New Gamma Publishing House, Palayamkottai July 2011. 3 of (1) Unit I Chapter | sections 1. Unit IL Chapter 5 sections 5.2 to 5.5 of (2) Unit UL Chapter 5 sections 5.6, 5.7, 5.10 of (2) Unit1V__| Chapter 6 off2) Unit V__| Chapter 7 and Chapter 8 of (2) Books for Reference: 1, Trigonometry by S.Narayanan, T.K.Manicav: i ) T.-K, achagomPillay. 2. Algebra Volume — I by T.K.ManicavachagomPillay, T.Natarajan, KS.Ganapathy Poros * iGLpen= J owt - \ \ gusnmnthion sf Son BINOMIAL SOA | whon A is A positive integen Orsay” can | | | be expandit or | | a " m 1-2 4 ne n QA HE NEHA Nata Oa ENG ONE £0 This KNOWN As tho binornics Lhuorers For tro Posi Live Invegon n. whon on iS @ FALIONOL Numan (19O” 1 be apondaod 04 an infinito seios hon -16%41 (i) heté1 and it JA given by n Gg = re PH, nOn=) ya, al 1). (n= 4 " see MON Cnt) ™ Ths is Kroon as binomigy seuds For UTX” whord 9 Y OA LON number. Speciqn corer : Boone (any) = 17% 4 ~My 169963) 434-2. UY a 3! NN) eat Done De Day Auger epee. 7 a ee cnx” ¥=0(m2 eee? 2 2 Fo | Gacy = re Care, CaCI a4 CIE | iri 0 es ~ | | = 1H 20+ Ox _ 24x? at 31 | ! | Rot iv (9g = eae 3k a 7 & (etx ¥r=0 Rout ¥ (9073 13a CBICB“9 44 C93 3-9 at 3h = (-3x4 2x4 xe ~3X4XG oO ae 3x2) = 1-3 + 3X4 7 ax ea 2) A = € 0)" G4nGaa) © ¥=0 eae xLe ee inn aa a eee Remit VE 3 -3 3kh yey He x? Gray ee 13K * a1 oa z Cncaa) ! ¥=0 at Rosle Vi 4 cy esM PEE CMLEIE?, ECE IE eC} a m1 Fi 5 ait a ra)" P(P+9) 4+ P(P#a)( P4294) / x _ a) a & ( y _ Problems: oO ), Find the geno term in the expansion (4-71) 7 StaLirg whiny will the expandion be valid. Solution : 5 5 2/5 ty “446 M-TH)? = (yy "(1-H)" = oP (1-TH (mo WH aR) Ta) (8) con be expandaol in binomial series iF [Bye Gia) tps S Tha geno term Tyy, 19 (I- -14) "9 i i arp Eee= -2¢9) (12)... (5423) (“TE)' 9” + = Ena iay- (sr-3) "(BY —_—_—————_ st . = 2912). > (B13) 0" (BK)! v = 2(U2)-.2. (57-3) (yt ET eaeee G& 7 | 45 =2/5 / ence thd ge@nenal term = (2) (-) = (a) ata) (54-3) a 7 20) 2. aphde+ prove that co- epficient CF x" jn tho 2xpansion oF (2-4) (1-2%) isa Solution : 2 bane ) deh => dace ome Hence we can expandool (1-2x)7 in binomial series iS « Zo a0" by Rejult -4 oa © NOw, (2-4m)(1-2%) = (2-4) EZ (re) (20" Y¥=0 = (wx) (1420004302204 + ny (n+) (2X) -- J = (2 O49) [14 200%) 437) 24 oN 4 (80 220 J =(2- nna (2-4x) (m2 : 2 4 npn x?)2(nea®— a(n. a") = (aneay2"~ vy cnaey a aah gt =n Ci i" gy a) = gnt 3. Find tho coefficient of x” jn 1hO expcursion (17 2x #3974207 FP coefricient oF x” in (1-axrax* 43-7" ;5 sara a tho coePFicient CF x” jn (1490?” cool it t an(an-1)(2.9-2) ---- (an-a)) 2) > am nm 2n(2n-1) (2n-2) ---. (nh) 1 an(2n-1) (nny [nen J n) (non... 9 ] = an) nin) 4. Express —1 ah thd sum OF pantick Fyackiond anol 1-A- bX? henco shoo that 14 (O-) (n-2)(1-3) 2 = 2c TT 6+ 2 be 5 B + none . yo 1 2)(3) (ria A wl - + B * , (3%) (Ira) plana - a 13" ae ers ACi194) + BOE ) Ct 3%) (142%) b= ACI 4 BO DO xem oe a(ir2(a)}4 Bl! 3(3)J '= oF 8('*4) i 38 > 8-2 xed r= a(ie2(s)J +03 (3)) te alit gyre '= SB => a-2 1 _ 3 +2 1-#-6%? 5(1-3x) 5 (149%) = 2a + a (13) Expanding (1-3x)" and (i4ax)" in ERO binomial series For 2 4 ard eles (ie) For lale 4 , we get bro coepticient OF x” yor th9 given expression ar = (F) a" (Sercooreicient OF xX in _* rebe 9 5 , 7 aX -bH? = — meen xC+60) = (coo) " a 1 escQ eat) +2 C1te?s «atts - coefficient OF x” in x7(146x)" =) icie Dan ttl CORICIEME OF XM in X™ ( rr" (2) 4 " a Ss \ WOPFcIENE OF x” In XL :OH_T? — -2IN-3)_ 2 21 - coerFicient of xin 1 6x? = te Ge gy (n-2)Ln-3) W —avao“n:s Gy e222 —P® a Hence From (1) and (2) we ger tho required vesute. 5. Find cho genal tevm in thd expansion to? solution = (any? = 202062907 CN Cay" vm = -2(-3) C4) += (=I) (290 eof oe " = 2D) + (9) aot OT" x[oe = 2004) ---. C4) (2x)" | Y) = 2(3)C4)- = Cre) (a79" ~) — \ miners oo - THK ex pounclat in Finck tra coopricient oF % wro” Gwe? | @scencling power oF % | OMMLEION : | Trt LAL BME Fopo (ee) OPO” Ie) = Ali+x) + [acic)e i BUHE) + Bor) (ru U0 Cine) Tau = Aline?) + [BxteJcta X= OD teo= Alito) + [OCT C+0) T= AC xe Ter = acti + Fate] 6 = 2A+0 THB +E wet => 8 = 31h) +[B+4 (2) UO &= © +2849 fe=a] oa ict ae eax (ytd) — (PY (Ie) = 30h0 + &- axJ(1He)= Ba DBM) (CHIL ath =) cou Li) ¥ iS an ocld inveger say = ann ,NEN 5. @MOHICIANE Gy % = coetticient gx ino) = -34 6-3)" we = 3+ (32-07 cet) + is an even imegen say san, nen 5. COOPFICIRU GF yT = CoeFcient oF x” f =-3r 4c? = 34a (41)? Problem = 6 _l - a is ofy — Axtg = aera Zz - 8 Gans WHO > is lenge casei) x iS Srrow 2Yx 4 ~ ate = ali aay” 3 (reey" 7 | Since X 1S SMU (a }+! and | a ary - [ax+g Fel ven “(ees 0 2 SZ tin | oahieae po! 8 J we] = He Mth 3 ot Cyr ws, "Grea muedi %* IS Jange je yore 4. 16 voy | ss afer fratig » ax[te |. ae (ed | Ys awe , q . ah 7 cred |G. yer siee 4, 55 vary Seal By) 0 hoe race - 4. 2 (wey -Jaweg - 42-2 7 ' j ’ eaxfua oa 9 = DEAK UX gg IIR 4 162% 27 te Rx 12RD . 4.4 -9+8 XRF a 64F % 3 x 15 SO Smau chet HS SqucEe and higher Powers may be neglect! prove thot fie (a-3ny raced (84 5n)3 4 - 10K 17 (recouy ) olution 3/2 ViAK (he 3m) ———. y 3 ; aad (1907 Geax)? gray 6x)2 0? PO a OBL oe 3 (" ay (rex) ' 272 be eae brat ax ye 4 a Pc w() 5) (8%) “8 a A (+ aay 8 a r\' SK, ) ® an) + [l(a ) 4 (ex (aay - (w« (=8)) = 4-10x 3 eee Problem : ¢ - | 4 [raya 4 | ( (4-9 5)) Ya Cascade (1-61) ~ (0.9q)”* correct to SX placed decimals. Solution: (01) ”* ~ (Seong KEaNENLANED! ) “OS 09+ 4 LYRE 4 CARDEN 2 (£00044 (4 = ae = A on)” (--0n)'? ve R HR) 609’ 2 [bons jp (000001) R 2 [con y. 00000006) 2 (,9¢ 500006] x+ 01000012 9 010000 Problem 4 14m (20) 4 nonep e) ere Solution Pur 20 Wo 3 - Fie,” LHS =440n , ae CN wa 2 Ue) by Romut 7 8 ( a ina t+ P(X yy pCP+A) (*X en “arly )* ME (G) * P=, Q=1 orl K sy =r XY LHS= (-yy” 3 ~20a 77" ( 14 = ftFaq7 FAO S 40" = ans Oo Probiern «10 Show thot P= 04% 5 Ent290 (0) (nega nVO-2) TER POR EA Crk a Xo Cia aa 21 Co* 3h Cans 10,” (Nt, ' (2! y’ ( a ter ) n shou) thewSdution : as = [1 ft arin 74 mtn Gay * AD Ly ne + (Ss 4 BME axe ima) (neay eC? Prey afin (' we(isa) * eo (2 _ 4 Ere | (9-1) (n-a) a1 (rx) Sy" ACs ae Cay a Gyr Cal” ed” (a fay " 31 Nina) ) = ee le 08 — s 1 14H J es ys es 2 3 ae I+ - ay. eh 4% a) =o | Problem i) prove that 1+2n =z + 2n(anta) + eoloia) (aa 3.6 3.6.4 “ [+3- Aine) 4 ntnayims) 4... ‘J b Be)Saluxzion LHG= 44 a nin) 3)! te (ey by wing the Rersale M4 £ x PLPIQ)) % y” e in ree ellcane = Lew) PFN, 42), x22 my x= 4/3 q 2 = ('- 3)” CJ "> (5)" RHS = alr +2(5)+ ere) (p-] Ess" == (ay = P20)" = 2 2. LHS = RWS ploplem 12 sum bo A the Series feb+ bh 4 yeT 5-10 anne 51016 | Solution + bot g = tb ee 4g LAT 4 51GB 510-15 Se Di +aG a) 1g)? by wing the’ resultPCP +a) a ~ le 2040 7 feroeia. (y+ "+ “3 (2) SOluEION « lee $= (4y+ 2 (Ly*, 13 6 +a) +B. “87 hye HG) ays. SV (hyy aha " (g)+ + sr mck + 42 3 (5) ; 75 “Sts joa ar (4)+ 4 4 tt 4 3 TAC a eee V4 Be) + pepe 1m (q) + POPE PD Ry. =O. a Fownutc. + q=2 Bey oudProblem si, du tO tho SETA Boy BT : Wo gaa | solution: ler 6 = Be BP y Bonds 1818-90 ig on. 30 > By4 ' 5 5 (G+ e 1 (1) 3 cae , Ben gag tO ce (6) RCO? Ey CIE 9 7149) 4% nat (et) 55 1 Ep 2 > + sare > (W) PG)" 1 8) 4) EDEY a1 (BO) 4 3 “ar > (6) 5S 56 -% aaa e'S )= G0 OP ey ae ee een Rais Sie ee eater ae 12 1? (' oy) 5S %y ve” (3) Z 4 BM ome — (es (1) ay rp) ira, [374754 9 _,- = (2 (3°)8 ug) 72 J - Bey uy (2 (5) =] 5 |—— 2% tt)= Vi > = (ret. 17) 0 TT. S- T eva] cpt eres EXPONENTIAL SERIESProblem :) Find tho coefficient oF XV iN Bt be*-e ax 18 e Solution + a +be*+co™™ a (Ar be yoo eo w Saale ae +be 4ce = a ( 28489)" y eg Co" ay n) be EDP OW", on yg CYTK” Linen aad eso ‘} ny is Prot : i j lem ae Whak iS THD wetficienc oF x in tho expantion Fee ™™ in ascending power oF x Solution : 1 (awe = (14nyee” = elt x iz FE (9 ee tg cwoovtic; n. vee fent CF € in(isne is = oy ce i me (ay i) =efr mi * a & ov)Problem :3 Show that tho coebficiont oT xT in tho expansion Ss 2" ig ” FP IS mH ary aM 4. Je sence shee Uncut ot 3p y Se a te 28 3 | ah ee al = 158 20 e* 2 om Sy. OM, aS a n COMPEICTENL CF x” i. From G) coePficient ck xtin oe” is 3 7 3 +243 2" ‘ St =) a) We now Find tho coeFicionk oF xin o' in wpy at Follows, anothon e* exe, ue 7 2 (w+ Ky. =@.@ ait = a 3 = slates LS ca) at 3h FL fay 2? -)2 Be ays suBl cy coerficione oft 4? in ot" From (3) F seftriis > “| & Bt at ae) fee 7= Be : 2e | b | From (2) and (4) we ge. | | oo 23,3). Ti 3 at 3h 6 4 274 33 a 25432 2 Wor 03h. a or tin i. Simitomy by Finding Ens coepAicient : . ve iN two hiFFerent ways We Com PFO +244... =e Problem: 4 prove toga - 69 2)", (og 2)? ay) 31 ~ , Solution : Put log2 =y aus = y- Wy yy? . a 3) Sdukion .gk a ———_ “ee Be (ere')-» yee pe) a ' \ (ee y(e-€') | 2 ) a | iy { , ee { = 2@7r1-2e A \ ey | ee Umea (+ (e-1) Problem +6 Show thot if A>!-S s ooes Sah HO 4 Leorat we er Css SOILEION + nth cevm Th = an Pasting n=t2.3e- in @) we gee fa ,aty..\-(tearar (+S ac 2" 3)t Prove that & | | S74 92, 4043). 2 ge | at cial 2 | Solution : nt term Th = m = oninn) _ fin? a aan-)) = one 2 (nal her ongi= A4+B(n-1) Putting ne) =7 tts A=>A=0 n=O =7 '= 2+ BOI) 1-2=-B Bl Taz 2+ (n-1) 2bn-1) 1 T= 1 + (Yt a(n-ay1 Pukting n=1,2,3---. ini) we ger ' Neen 2 To > btn um 629 Ts = Ta = toe apa a 2 Gh) eb ee { ees te [4a fren ete-.- Jeg = iS : J a! yt \eaere -[Pobiem:s prove thou Sone nzo (nytt 2 ~ 54% SOIUKION? Lee Byes ae RU A=W? Bay a one 3h OZ =a oer ee Zep wr a= 143 = Tay = DN BEN ny Bran (anuyt art “Cana 24 Putting N=0.1,2,----. nb) we ger = (Du) + 40 (ates = (B)atenr 2s Problem: Fink S= 2 Ne yn Solution : Tye DL x” (neayor‘ Dy (na)! Lee ata ~ aeBine ! cna foe hea = ny Blo) 160) 7 AD > o= 34840 9 B=-3 neo > a= 329 (2) ¥C (DEY pe 3-642 m= -349€ ac = -t43 7S) Tne 3 x - BL tte 2 Ww” mat may hm ° Pusting n=42,---. ind) we Jee The x- 2 2 Bx tan mas 3 x x Bx? a x? ar si ta * r. B= By} x, By? i 5) aie ase= 2e% (xr axr3)t (ered aes problem 10 Show that 2.9? Sgaecie pss ate. 3! solution: n™ Lom Ty = eon)” Pol 22k nent)” = ayecn-1)+C(n-) (n-2) + DCN-1) (n-3) (n-2). n=) —7 1(2)*= A+OtO+0 =? AR4 n=2 =? 9(3)° = 4+6U)+0+0 = 18-4 =B =7 Bay DS 7 BUy)* = 44 14y(9) + €(3-1 (3-2) 40 We = 4429+ c(a)U) AS-39>2c Ib=2c0 = cx~g Ne OOF be 140-1) + GE) Er) + D(-4) (-2)E3) CRAIN Io aD) 60> 65 p=) Th> 4 + 14 4 8 o GOL (aL (apt Mayab Tas Soy 1 Ts- foe Ubag yO T hoa My Bowe a py dy Vs “1 4 7} oa " at n log (i+ 4) = A Sra ewe, nm tog =a) = —m- AL w2 ..eg hd-t0g-90 = ae 109 (#4) - Sia)" 2 loy (14%) 410g Problem. Show thet 2 3 Qa-b = = (%3 ie: (= + ae) 4... > log ~ log, b SOlurion : Pur Gob b =H a LHS = x4 bas 4meS tog (i-™) | ea 2) «me \ oi | | = '09 (%) ~109 a tog bb ~ pus Problem. 2 prove on mg OF (Jeg a Ysa — =x puse ye ae 4 = 1 RHe= 4 toy GS cat =a = a aa. ra = $49 ansz ie Solution any we _ 2 ant an_ _3ns) = 4 10g (23) = 4 109 Da ; 2) =a eg (a) Problem.3. show that ! Baa. BPy..-lerga % [woe eee — Re “ Sowbion :& (tog - 109 (» 3+)| 3 {lteg toe -1oy ( 2p ) 2, . ‘oa? rarer 1000. "| - +4 v0g ( ) lay > dv tog a = Joga = RNS Problem 4. sum to inpiniey the Serie (HS) + (StS) +(St4S)r--- Solution + bts (ra) IE we = peparratanen) +e atettere) = 3[5+5 Gee ro] + $(Era(ayss (ay: Pelt 9e% = Z og a- 3 tog/£) S 5 [109 2- stegi£)]. ‘ J 1 vor ” $ [leg 2- ik + ~2t0g 9} mee Pa? ing 2 + bg 3] [Steg 3 - & log 3] = Glogs ~ Iatega,Problem: 5 pre bret + 1 ie aed cal DH ate genni? woop tao Solution pus = 4 my LMS = fae e ans LMS = Ka boa dw = log (ex) =-logfr~ A. a a, = = hg (a “San ) Flog fanny _ 3 (4) =9(+4) a4 r ae ant” ane = Rus ae ray Problem : 7 upasy- ey... and fi] 2) show T° 3) thot yaxtty wy uJ attt Solution ;They x= y “ys tog, Uy Y =~ loge r-9) JR 4 oe at ee z eo in acerdling Problem :¢ fF logti-v4x2) be exPC wees prove thet Powers of x IN thO Form Cum 12% Pots b PF Az +Qgsaqe 7 = Zlog2- solution + Lt log (~ X44? 1 hale lee 9 | = 10g (i+ x3) -10g (itn) Pe a By - an = G2)" pect C™G2)" E al ee el | n J} - 2 ean + EN™ Yn ee. n CHIEN OF "15 Ogn = ey kG yeas ' Sa: ' " 30 a nae (- 5J obPasting 9>1.2.3 In) cond cadding we ges 3 +A%q Hagt - 2: [! L +L - y a5 J fel = 2 : a '0%2. ProblemsG Shao thet it x>0 ° - & s logx = Rot ya KE) He Moe Sots tg oun’ (aH) SOWLION anes (Sa) (Says Beye *[bm)- 35)" § Ga eC} 9(-r] ~y _ 1 ; 109 fe tog (ser) +09 (ae fe tog sages) 4 1Ogye = 199 Oe = oFlege = LHS = log * Problem =10. 36 a,b,c dence emee eres rege Prove thet ag h= seas sieges [ot JG } aac+) aac+) SOIWLION + ans bloga rs iogc s $ tog = 7 Ogace a tg (S52)On 7 10g (acts) i © 4 16g (bolo sry Si + and (since 0,b.< ond consecurive ineegers a7 © C= bar) = 4 log b ae 4 Wang TE HL! | Problem :1) 46 Fons bere be wl y a tion V. reprOene Fo) aS a tageddthmic FUNC =2 FOO i) Herne prove F(2% ine SOlubION = i. FOr -le%21 we ove Wo (1ex) = bate ete logai-%) = -x haba hb » 104 (ix) -logti-x) = 2 [eratrg te] Ro ea cee 5 2 29 (=x) Desa te HA) = rey) ioe tL + z '0g te ee the Now, $/-2% ie Mean 1% 3 Se a2 ChProblem +712 stuN EO Series LO frbinley | Hay, @- t0g,0 4 ye ~ 109, 9 | sokuion | 2 > tog, @ + Hog, & - WYy@ + 109,,€ —'09,, + — ci, tayp3 10969 togg27 ~ 109, w f ogneo*? a . | Je3 2109, 109,25 + 1 4l09¢%3 Se Se ts elie] =D) maa atb- ht J eg ¢ = 109¢2 (Je 3 = lOge2 xiag,e = 10,2, Problem :13 Show that Cen" epee wa bo? roghecting xt and higher powos oF x. Also Find an approxi rate Nauuo GF (1.0)'°! Soluzion : a (ajith. elery | = ola eg lit re Ste) 2 tk ge? - ME peek Pog py a Dogg) lexan y? a %.7 a BL (DEL x? ! 3 SNE a? 18 toyPa Pub xs 6.01 in tho vom or (ONT 4-01 + 000) +4, (000000 !o10 1005 oy Problem x11. show that $> ea shyt pF SOIWLION : KW = = ere tra nt” corm Tq Suntan cane ans +o, p(20-)) ann) t ter T= Ay B Cy atanre 2n-1 an ant 27> @ T= ()(385)-4at & Ga 21,2,3---. ing) we Jer w= ECE FES) B= 25)" 5+4 (5) | Be SFE TEC) w “val52) 33 vg [eon Geese? 2 (eg2- cur (yngz7) > a +t +b 4... © 9-bg 2 25 37 Solution: ofok HEN T= 1 nGnn) os | Tre By B. A we can Find A=1,B=2 Toe abe 2% i n anti patting n=12,3-.-. Inu) we gee -2 met z crego - 44( / / os sefwfer 9) 7 cere log2 209% : = B+t+ Dy... = 3092-1 PrObIeM s1h Show that 8= jay s&s Solukion : B(an-r)¢ans) ayant) £ para = WC +C(2n)/(2n. c a= BC ante we can Find a=2, B=-3. C= Tre Be - Bed an an ants i . Ante ese aft -4 pee ‘ (G0: on ) . (2a cant .. ®[soution” pak ao 2 nes = 1 9 (525)*- (4-4 Fee pe bat Jt bards ) = cle EMH g rs gee Oy = log (x) ~ 4 log(1- x) = (> &) tog G0) (=~) tog =) (ez we ) ny (" nay ae +1 - °F (82) ae) = LHS Problem iq If G+b+C=0 Show that Dey yc _ ee) eB yc ie 3 2 iy. ae e+e? S a bree ‘| (ee wie T Solution: — consick» tho produce. (1-0) (1-69) (1-Cx) = 1-(Or_rc)x + (abtbC HCO) T- labe)* = 1+pa qu? CG: arpre +0) WhO P= Ohtbe +e ard Q =abe¥l-aw Hogi bx) Hoy U-ca) > 16g Oept-g) ay 2 og (1- (qe P#J— © enpornidid in Tt * id sufficienely sma 1) can be Sevier ae Ty ee abe EY 2 ® Cap ED 8 (qe -P” > B + ® 3 5 F + D COmporsng tho cepficienr oF 1% «° ord # TEpecrivay ints) on both sidga we 92 Cheeses 0°+ bac? © - ass __—7 . =- py | 3 reac? ® rc ine ak: a’ Bye aC) From (3). (4) Ond (5) we Jee arb ec? _ Cs Ies] 5 Componing tho weHicients of xl. x and x? YOIpecLIVEY in(2) on both SidvoA we Jet =e | ii.3 * Bee re 3 7 © 24 FO™ (9).(B) And (Cc) We Jet Ee (oueeee"} (ee | ae ~? chapter I ont- Applicceions OF pemoivres Thag7em Expyexsion For sinno, cos n© and tan no Thaovem = For any positive integey n x es ). c08N@ = cas" —"C, $cos""@ sinh + -> 3. sin ne = neos”'o sino - Nz c0s"@ Sinor--- Pays: | BORMAN Chaya a ee snd +isinne® = (ws +i6iN®) * A-2 = cos'o # Ne, COs" Liging) +%C2 WS 3 Mc, cos @ (ising) ed costo +7 Pc, cos’ '@ SIND - C5 (0. . -3 43, ~ im, cos” 9 Sine quaking eC Gack imaginoay Ports we gee Ui © 10s pOckively a pe yWollany. ne, kand - Wo focos a Nony toring = » bi Cy tanOb 1 Nes ta'O Me, EUNTOH ==” n-3 om vo net ot Ne. fOgsNn G SITOEFrom the above Xtworume it gollowa that Che publam of rocking a RE nroducer to that of Solving a SRE. “a Mow gwe a method of solving, a SRE Lek Fods a ae a sect anne Oe o SRE Sothak O,,. = Or- f+ fOd = de (hat) 4, (29 ex) te Pan Cae) | +2n oe ere nde ee + xrd4 On Sas tn) #9, x +o raters putbng x+t-=y, we obbin a polynomial J(y) of degre n. Jaa rqns. ft 7 doy Me the not of tha equatiin 9(4) <0. gives aay, 41 20 ond Vurce ton5 aaa $ .?, 5 sat tet an eck +28 62 alee Se re ve -(o%-4) +als¢-42)- a(stes 4) (isin) + 2(2iSsn68) = (aisinko) ~6 = aipinovtsineo -2SunhO — sini) ai [La'sin’e cos") = 2i[ Sin80 + asineo ~ 25: cos'0 Sin’ = ~+{ singo42 sings ~25imn8 - 653 Thaonom « 4 al | When © ay en v, le | 4 D Sing 6 - 98° +o rs Bi ae w ose = 1- 8, oF # 2 Al meet ‘ ; Ss iv reyseeroat. 25" ae ae it§ Poof iy It F() = Sino Tre Taylor serias exgansion 4 { ohout thu 4 “given b baa Sonvng ae oft Fe teNow, (9) = Sino, — Henca F(0) =0 FO) = COs8 + Hen F'(0)=1 $C) =-sino , Henca § "(01-0 F"(8) > -wse, Hen Ff" (o=-! Problem 3: Show that ip % da amol dno. o|¥, 2 cos(a+%) = Coser - xSind - = oBa + 2 Wos(a+e) = OS% Tose — Suna Sint . : ena) i Ea] sina = 757 vo 2 \ 2 2 = wsa — xSina-~Z ips a+ = sink 2 (Since x Ja amall ard. reglaching tighon pov @>) Prdolum 4+ Sele approximately, “cos (48) = Ok sons cos (H+8) = Ou Sin SING = O+L8 (os, 50 ~ x|! J Blete = Oud. Bee ona (ragleting higher pouerg 6)problem 1 ty 6 a smal iiave agprordrnally » hn: ewes —— (m9 s et Geter BoA) eget © ate api, tite PY os 28 8 8 oe se et = t-— 3 | problem &: Prove that whon 6 is amoull | : ; eat = ee 4 sie “Ua ey + Caer eas ’ SSO Sin 30 = 3sin® -4 SHO 1. Sin@ =3Sun8 - Sindo ! s a 7 je- oo 8] ys, 1 5i aoDi"sis Ac x(a eT ’ 6 iba? Pe si w pate fie yt abe, eee Wee x = ~ x 2 whale agat— sins 1260-4 Hp + a oe 4-3 2 "le ce: A nee ee oe + 126 (x-4) = (isin 98) ~a(qisaite) + 36(2!3in59) sik saeaae $126 (isin) Pei (sore = 4Sin 18 + 36SsNSO —B4 Si38 + 1168 Oi sns A = SintO-1sinI8 + B6SinS —Te Sin 38 +1265. 2Ea eee an —