Republic of the Philippines

Philippine Statistics Authority

Batanes

Crops Production
Survey

Manual of Operations
for Supervisors

April 2017
 Crops Production Survey 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents i

1. Introduction 1

2. The Crops Production Survey 2

3. Survey Methodology 2
3.1 Survey Design 2
3.2 Estimation Procedure 3

4. Field Operations Procedures 5

4.1 Role of Supervisors 5
4.2 Data Collection 6
4.3 Data Processing 7

5. Data Review and Validation 8

5.1 Data Review 8
5.2 Data Validation 14
5.3 Outputs for Submission 32

APPENDICES
Appendix A. Timetable of Activities 43
Appendix B. Data Items for Submission 44
Appendix C-F. Reports 45
Appendix G. CrPS Form 1 49
Appendix H. CrPS Form 2 50

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

1. INTRODUCTION

The Crops Statistics Division (CSD) of the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
generates production-related statistics on crops other than palay and corn through
the Crops Production Survey (CrPS). This survey is conducted in 80 provinces and
two chartered cities where the commodity coverage varies by province based on
the availability in terms of planting and seasonality. Nineteen major crops under
the Other Crops sub-sector are highlighted in the Performance of Philippine
Agriculture Report (PAR).

There are specialized commodity agencies which also generate production-related

statistics such as the Sugar Regulatory Administration (SRA), Philippine Coconut
Authority (PCA), Philippine Fiber Industry Development Authority (PhilFIDA), and
National Tobacco Administration (NTA). The PSA adopts the production data of
SRA on canes milled for centrifugal sugar while those from PCA, PhilFIDA, and
NTA serve as inputs in the review and validation of estimates.

After the collection and organization of statistics on Other Crops, these undergo a
review and validation process before finally released and disseminated. The
reports generated from the results of the survey are in the forms of bulletins and
publication as follows:

o Bulletin (Quarterly)
 Major Non-Food and Industrial Crops Quarterly Bulletin
 Major Vegetables and Rootcrops Quarterly Bulletin
 Major Fruitcrops Quarterly Bulletin

o Publication (Annual)
 Crops Statistics of the Philippines

The supervisors play a significant role on the success of the survey since they are
responsible on the performance of the statistical researchers and personnel in their
respective areas of assignment. It is essential that the supervisor adhere to
prescribed procedures and duties stated in this manual.

This manual aims to provide the supervisors information about the survey, their
role as supervisors and guide them to solve problems encountered during field
operations. This will guarantee effective implementation of the survey that will
ensure the generation of timely and quality data for other crops- non-food and
industrial crops, fruitcrops, vegetables, and rootcrops.

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

2. THE CROPS PRODUCTION SURVEY (CrPS)

The Crops Production Survey aims to generate basic production statistics for crops
other than palay and corn at the national and sub-national levels. The purpose of
the survey is to support the needs of planners, policy and decision makers, and
other stakeholders in the agriculture sector and to provide periodic updates on
crop related developments. The survey mainly captures the data on volume of
production, area planted/ harvested and number of bearing trees/hills/vines.

The CrPs covers more than 280 crops sub-classified under three commodity
groupings, namely: 1) Non-Food and Industrial Crops, 2) Fruit Crops, and 3)
Vegetables and Rootcrops. The commodity coverage by province differs and
depends on what each province produces.

3. SURVEY METHODOLOGY

3.1 Survey Design

The domain of the survey is the province. The selection of sample farms in the
province are done by categorizing small and large farms, according to the area
planted to a specific crop. The existing cut-off for planted area among large farms
are as follows:

Luzon Visayas Mindanao

Crop
(in hectares)
Coconut > 10 >50 >50
Sugarcane >20 >5 >20
Banana >10 >10 >100
Pineapple >5 >5 >100
Coffee >5 >5 >20
Mango >5 >5 >10
Rubber - - >15
Abaca >9 >9 >9
Cacao >5 >5 >20
Other crops >5 >5 >10

For large farms, a maximum of five farms shall be chosen for the whole province.

For small farms, a two-stage sampling design is employed. The primary sampling
units (PSUs) are the producing municipalities of the specific crop and the
secondary sampling units (SSUs) are the farmer-producers in the top five
producing municipalities. The identification of top producing municipalities is done
by the PSO/field staff through the Key Informant (KI) Approach where a

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

knowledgeable person is asked on agricultural information and other related data.

A sample farmer/producer should have a production of the specific crop during the
reference quarter and same period last year.

For small farms of crops covered under the Farm Price Survey and selected crops,
the top five producing municipalities per commodity in a province are selected to
represent the primary sampling units. Five farmer-producers shall be interviewed in
each selected municipality which shall represent the secondary sampling units.

For small farms of all other crops not covered under the FPS, only the top two to
three producing municipalities are chosen as the primary sampling units. Three
farmer-producers in each municipality are enumerated as secondary sampling
units.

The foregoing scheme is implemented for each crop being covered. Under this
scheme, a farmer-producer should have production of the specific crop during the
reference quarter and same period last year.

3.2 Estimation Procedure

Information from farmer/producer basically consist of the actual volume of

production, area and number of bearing trees during the reference quarter. The
percent change for each data item is computed independently for the small farms
and large farms, followed by the corresponding weight for each farm type. The
area planted/harvested is used by the concerned PSO/field staff to determine the
weights by farm type.
The following are the conceptual definitions of the information gathered from CrPS:
Crop Production – the quantity produced and actually harvested for a
particular crop during the reference period. It includes those harvested but
damaged, stolen, given away, consumed, given as harvesters’ share, reserved,
etc. Excluded are those produced but not harvested due to low price, lack of
demand and force majeure or fortuitous events.

Area Planted – the actual physical area planted, in hectares. This generally
applies to area reported for permanent crops and multi-harvest temporary
crops.

Area Harvested – the actual area from which harvests are realized, in
hectares. This excludes crop area which were totally damaged. It may be
smaller than the area planted. In crops statistics, this applies to mono-harvest
temporary crops
Bearing Trees/Hills/Vines – these refer to the number of trees/hills/vines
where harvesting has been made in the past but may or may not have borne
fruit or productive during the reference period due to cyclical production pattern
of the crop. Hills apply to banana and abaca. Vines apply to grapes and the like

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

The total of the actual levels of the data items is first computed, as given by the
respondents, for each period (current and same period of the previous year),
separately, for small farms and large farms. The percent change is then computed.
Using production as a sample indicator, percent change is computed using the
following formula:
∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏 𝑷𝒄𝒊 − ∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏 𝑷𝒑𝒊
% 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏 𝑷𝒑𝒊
where:
𝑃𝑐𝑖 - production of the ith sample farmer during the current period
𝑃𝑝𝑖 - production of the ith sample farmer during the same period
of the previous year
𝑛 - number of sample farmers

The resulting percent change of each type of farm shall be given the corresponding
weights, as determined by the PSO. Each type of farm has a corresponding weight
which is determined as follows.
For large farms, the weight is computed as:
𝑨𝒍
𝒘𝒍 =
𝑨𝒕
where:
𝐴𝑙 - total area planted to all large farms for each crop in the particular
province
𝐴𝑡 - total area planted to the province

For small farms, the weight is computed as:

𝑨𝒔
𝒘𝒔 =
𝑨𝒕
where:
𝐴𝑠 - total area planted to all small farms for each crop in the particular
province
𝐴𝑡 - total area planted to the province

The overall percent change for the province for each crop is computed as the sum
of the weighted percent change for each type of farm, that is:

𝒐𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒍 % 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = ([%𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒔 × 𝒘𝒔 ] + [%𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒍 × 𝒘𝒍 ])

where:
% 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑠 - percent change for the small farm samples
% 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑙 - percent change for the large farm samples

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

The overall percent change is applied to the final estimates of the same period last
year to get the estimate of the current period. The current estimates on production,
area and number of bearing trees for the province are derived using the following
formula:
𝒐𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒍 % 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆
𝑬𝒄 = 𝑬𝒑 × (𝟏 + [ ])
𝟏𝟎𝟎
where:
𝐸𝑝 - final estimate for the same period of the previous year (base data)

Estimates of total production/area/number of bearing trees for the region are

obtained by aggregating the estimated total production/area/number of bearing
trees of the provinces within the region. Estimates at the national level are the sum
of the estimates of the regions.

4. FIELD OPERATIONS PROCEDURES

4.1 Role of the Supervisors

Supervisors in the CrPS will ensure that the activities during the pre-survey,
training, data collection, processing, review and validation and submission of
reports are undertaken.

1. Identify or update the top producing municipalities for each crop.

2. Facilitate the reproduction of the collection form.

3. Conduct orientation/briefing for statistical researchers.

4. Determine the respective assignments of the Statistical researchers (SRs)

under his/her supervision.

5. Conduct spot-checking of the data gathering performance of the SRs

under his/her supervision during data collection.

6. Supervise and monitor the progress of SRs works.

7. Ascertain the complete and accurate information in CrPS Form 1 (see

Appendix F) where five farmer/producers for each top producing
municipality are listed and in CrPS Form 2 (see Appendix G) where five
sample top producing municipalities listed in Form 4a are reflected.

8. Address problems and issues reported by the SRs during the data
collection.

9. Perform the editing of the accomplished forms submitted by the SRs.

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10. Carry out the data processing and prepare the output tables and reports
for the Provincial Data Review.

11. Submit the required reports to the Regional Statistical Service Office and
Crops Statistics Division.

4.2 Data Collection

The field data collection for CrPS is conducted during the last 10 days of the
second month of the quarter. The CrPS is undertaken simultaneously with the
Farm Price Survey (FPS) during its survey month. Table 1 shows the reference
periods of the CrPS every round, with the corresponding data items required
during data collection.

Table 1. Reference period and required data items by survey month

Data Items
Area Number of Bearing
Survey Round Production 1/
Planted/Harvested Trees/Hills/Vines
Reference Period
February Round Jan-Mar
May Round Apr-June Jan-June Jan-June
Jan-June
August Round July-Sep
November Round Oct-Dec July-Dec July-Dec
July-Dec Jan-Dec Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
1/
area harvested for temporary crops; area planted for permanent crops

There are two forms used in the data collection. These are the farmer/producer
Collection Form (CrPS Form 1) and Provincial Summary Form (CrPS Form 2).
CrPS Form 1 (Appendix F) has five major columns sub-divided into eight sub-
columns, to correspond to the information needed, which are: name of the crop
and farmers/producers, volume of production, area planted/harvested, number of
bearing trees/hills/vines, and reasons for change. The form can accommodate five
crops. The CrPS Form 2 (Appendix G) also has five major columns divided into
eight sub-columns to correspond to the information needed, which are: crop/name
of municipality, volume of production, area, number of bearing trees/hills/vines, and
reasons for change. Like CrPS Form 1, this form can accommodate five crops.

On the other hand, the Provincial Summary Form covers the crops by sub-
commodity groups. The entries in the first column have the names of the sample
municipalities, instead of the names of the sample respondents.

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The detailed instructions in data collection and filling-out of the questionnaire are
discussed in the Manual of Operations for Statistical Researchers.

Prior to data collection, three levels of training are conducted to ensure the quality
of data collected. The first level is the operational briefing which aims to train the
selected representatives from the Regional Statistical Services Offices (RSSOs)
and Provincial Statistical Offices (POs) to be pool of trainers who will be
responsible in cascading the operational briefing in their respective areas. The
briefing will be cascaded to the Provincial Statistical Officers (PSOs) and/or crops
focal persons at the POs then to the supervisors and statistical researchers at the
POs. The first and second levels of training are done annually while the third level
is done quarterly.

4.3 Data Processing

In CrPS, there is no processing system developed to process the edited survey

returns. Instead, the survey utilizes the two crops compiling systems, an MS Excel-
based templates that utilizes the links and protection commands. The system
electronically consolidates the different data sets from the provinces to the region
up to the national level. An identical and independent system is provided for each
of the sub commodity groups that are classified further into major and other crops.
Separate discussions of the two compiling systems are found in Section 5.3 of this
manual.

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5. DATA REVIEW AND VALIDATION

The PSA has mainstreamed a quarterly data review and validation process to
ensure the quality of its statistical products. This is conducted in three levels - the
Provincial Data Review (PDR), Regional Data Review (RDR), and National Data
Review (NDR).

The first level, PDR is done at the province and is attended by the provincial staff.
The Provincial Statistics Officer (PSO) is responsible for the conduct of the PDR,
assisted by the focal person for the sub-sector. The RDR is presided by the
Regional Director (RD) and/or Statistical Operations and Coordination Division
(SOCD) Chief and attended by all the PSOs in the region. The NDR is held at the
Central Office (CO) with participation of the technical staff, RSSO representatives
and management. At this level, one-on-one consultations between the
sector/commodity specialists and the RSSO representatives are done to clear
issues, if any, after which regional estimates are finalized and consolidation to
come up with the national estimates. Both the regional and the national estimates
are then presented to the management for final approval.

Table 2. Data review and validation schedules

Three Levels of Data Review Schedule

Provincial Data Review (PDR) Last month of the reference quarter
Regional Data Review (RDR) Third week of the first month after the reference quarter
National Data Review (NDR) Last week of the first month after the reference quarter

Note:
All the data review and validation levels focus on the different aspects of the data
items on production, area, bearing trees, bearing trees per hectare and kilograms
per hectare or bearing trees.

At the provincial level, the reviewers shall focus on the level that reflects the
situation in the province. At the regional level, the focus is on the comparison
between and among provinces in the region. At the Central Office, the national
level data shall be in comparison between and among the regions and with
related national data/information. The regional and national level data shall
clearly reflect the relative contribution of its components by crop which vary by
reporting period and the annual result.

5.1 Data Review

Data review is concerned with the internal checks of the result of the survey data.
Its main purpose is to ensure that the data set are properly gathered, encoded and
processed. It should be done in the provincial level since it is the first stage where
formal data analysis starts.

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

The data review technically starts during the data collection upon interview.
Initially, the replies of the respondents on the data items required for collection will
be subjected to scrutiny. This will be followed by another review on the recorded
responses while the interviewer is still at the sample area. The review of data
includes the following:

 Check on the completeness of the entries and response items. Conduct

probing when necessary to obtain the responses for the required items.
Some of these items may not be directly supplied by the respondents due
to misunderstanding of the questions or it may take time to recall.

 While the interviewer is still with the respondent, roughly compute for the
yield (production in kilograms/number of bearing trees or hectares) and
the number of bearing trees per hectare. The statistical researcher must
have an idea on the acceptable range during the period. A result outside
the range shall be verified. The out of range figure may not necessarily be
wrong but may be a new level for which only the respondents could
explain. This requires an explanation or remarks from the respondent.
 During the interview, ask the respondent about the weather condition
during the previous quarter up to the current quarter. The effect of weather
on production/yield varies among crops.

For each crop, the estimation for each data item requires the final data of the same
period last year.

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

To enhance the data review, the following should be observed during data
collection:

Case 1: Non-Response Items

Where applicable, all items in the form shall have response or entries. Otherwise,
the generated results are outside the realistic and acceptable range. In a sample
form shown in Table 3, the missing items due to non-response are indicated by a
question mark (?). Check also the appropriateness of the reason to the specific
crop and data sets.

Table 3. Banana Saba: Volume of production, Area Planted/Harvested and Number of

Bearing Hills, October-December, 2014- 2015

CrPS Form 1 Approval No.: _______________

Farmer/Producer Collection Form Expires on: _______________
Legal Authority: Republic Act 10625 known as
the Statistical Act of 2013
Confidentiality: Section 26 of RA 10625 and
Article 55 of the Implementing Rules and
Regulation of RA 10625 states that all data Republic of the Philippines
furnished by a respondent to statistical inquiries,
surveys and censuses of the PSA shall be PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY
considered privileged communication and as
such shall be inadmissible as evidence in any Quezon City
proceeding. The PSA may release aggregated
information from statistical inquiries, surveys and
censuses in the form of summaries or statistical CROPS PRODUCTION SURVEY
tables in which no reference to an individual,
corporation, association, partnership, institution October to December 2015
Reference Period
Province: Davao del Sur
Municipality: Digos Page ____ of __

CROP/ VOLUME OF PRODUCTION AREA PLANTED/HARVESTED1/ NO. OF BEARING

in kilograms in hectares TREES/HILLS/VINES
NAME OF Reasons for Change
FARMER/PRODUCER Last Year This Year Last Year This Year Last Year This Year
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (8) (9) (10)
CROP: Banana Saba
Effect of Typhoon
1 Noel Penaranda 675 540 0.60 0.60 120 100
"Frank"
2 Warlito Doronela 560 345 0.40 0.40 80 80 Too much rain
3 Benjamin Galang 780 ? 0.75 0.75 165 165 ?
4 Nestor Gracias 760 ? 1.00 1.00 220 220 ?
5 Victor Ibañez 590 455 ? 0.50 110 110 ?
TOTAL 3365 1340 2.75 3.25 695 675 ?

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Case 2: Outlier Yield (production/number of bearing trees/hills)

At the end of the interview, verify with the respondent if the derived yield is too
high or too low based on the yield range for the period. The statistical researcher
should be familiar with the yield range in a particular reference period, by crop.
These are found in the compiling systems. Note in the example shown in Table 4
that the computed yield of 0.50 kilograms per bearing hill of sample no. 4 is an
outlier.

Table 4. Banana Saba: Volume of production, Area Planted/Harvested and Number of

Bearing Hills, October-December, 2014- 2015

CrPS Form 1 Approval No.: _______________

Farmer/Producer Collection Form Expires on: _______________
Legal Authority: Republic Act 10625 known as
the Statistical Act of 2013
Confidentiality: Section 26 of RA 10625 and
Article 55 of the Implementing Rules and
Regulation of RA 10625 states that all data Republic of the Philippines
furnished by a respondent to statistical inquiries,
surveys and censuses of the PSA shall be PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY
considered privileged communication and as
such shall be inadmissible as evidence in any Quezon City
proceeding. The PSA may release aggregated
information from statistical inquiries, surveys and
censuses in the form of summaries or statistical
tables in which no reference to an individual, CROPS PRODUCTION SURVEY
corporation, association, partnership, institution
October to December 2015
Reference Period
Province: Davao del Sur
Municipality: Santa Cruz Page ____ of _

CROP/ VOLUME OF PRODUCTION AREA PLANTED/HARVESTED1/ NO. OF BEARING

in kilograms in hectares TREES/HILLS/VINES Yield per
NAME OF Reasons for Change
Bearing Hills
FARMER/PRODUCER Last Year This Year Last Year This Year Last Year This Year
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (8) (9) (10)
CROP: Banana Saba
Increase due to no
1 Ador Gonzales 150 300 0.50 0.50 100 100 3.00
typhoon
2 Edgar Alanea 200 500 1.00 1.00 200 200 2.50
3 Violy Arandela 120 200 0.75 0.75 120 120 1.67
4 Ricardo Moreno 300 50 0.50 0.50 100 100 0.50
5 Berto Bernal 200 230 0.50 0.50 100 100 2.30
TOTAL 970 1230 3.25 3.25 620 620

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Case 3: Outlier Bearing Trees/Hills per Hectare

At the end of the interview, verify with the respondent if the derived bearing
trees/hills per hectare is out of range (similar procedure with yield). Check if the
trees were planted against the number of growing age up to its productive age.
The statistical researcher should be familiar with the range of growing years, by
crop. Note that in the example illustrated in Table 5, the computed 160 bearing
hills per hectare of sample no. 5 is an outlier. In this case, the SR should ask the
respondent of the reason/s for having a smaller bearing hills per hectare.

Table 5. Banana Saba: Volume of production, Area Planted/Harvested and Number

of Bearing Hills, October-December, 2015-2016

CrPS Form 1 Approval No.: _______________

Farmer/Producer Collection Form Expires on: _______________
Legal Authority: Republic Act 10625 known as
the Statistical Act of 2013
Confidentiality: Section 26 of RA 10625 and
Article 55 of the Implementing Rules and
Regulation of RA 10625 states that all data Republic of the Philippines
furnished by a respondent to statistical inquiries,
surveys and censuses of the PSA shall be PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY
considered privileged communication and as
such shall be inadmissible as evidence in any Quezon City
proceeding. The PSA may release aggregated
information from statistical inquiries, surveys and
censuses in the form of summaries or statistical
tables in which no reference to an individual, CROPS PRODUCTION SURVEY
corporation, association, partnership, institution
October to December 2016
Reference Period
Province: North Cotabato
Municipality: Bagua Page ____ of ____

CROP/ VOLUME OF PRODUCTION AREA PLANTED/HARVESTED1/ NO. OF BEARING

in kilograms in hectares TREES/HILLS/VINES Bearing Hills
NAME OF
FARMER/PRODUCER Last Year This Year Last Year This Year Last Year This Year per hectare
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (8) (9)
CROP: Banana Saba
1 Gerry Bucad 40 20 1.00 1.00 200 1000 1000
2 Liwayway Nagutom 135 85 1.00 1.00 200 420 420
3 Fernando Paterno 340 250 2.00 2.00 400 800 400
4 Letecia Enriquez 270 220 1.00 1.00 200 350 350
5 Larry Sales 110 60 0.50 0.50 80 80 160
TOTAL 895 635 5.50 5.50 1,080 2,650

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Case 4: Incomplete Entries

Before proceeding with the data validation, the corresponding worksheets shall
be checked for completeness. A sample worksheet in Table 6 shows separate
columns for Year 2 preliminary and final estimates (Year 2P for preliminary and
Year 2F for final). Crops with preliminary estimates shall have final estimates.
The final estimates may be the same, lower or higher than the preliminary. A
drop in the final estimate with preliminary data is possible if there were calamities
and shall include an explanation under the remarks column.

Table 6. Volume of production, major vegetables, January-March

Production (MT) %
Crop Reason for Change
Year 1 Year 2P Year 2F Change

Mongo 1.19 1.06 1.06 (10.92) Prolonged rains

Peanut 46.20 38.75 38.75 (16.13) Heavy rains
Cabbage - - - -
Eggplant 345.50 305.44 305.45 (11.59) Too much rain
Tomato 28.25 25.39 25.39 (10.12) Prolonged rainfall
Camote 762.00 714.00 ? - Lodging
Cassava 4,084.00 3,864.00 ? - Frequent rains

Outputs. The outputs of the data review are the accomplished data review and
validation presentation tables and worksheets in the two compiling systems for
each of the sub-commodity groups.

Tables 7 and 8 show examples of the results of the PDR in the Crops Compiling
System. Table 8 will be submitted in advance to the RSSO and CSD. With the
numerous other crops to be reviewed during the RDR proper, a pre-RDR is done
among RSSO staff to be led by the SOCD Chief after the submission of
provincial reports to allow sufficient time to review the data and identify the
questionable estimates. The issues shall be either referred to the concerned
Provincial Statistical Office before the RDR proper, or to be settled during the
RDR.

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Table 7. Volume of production, Non-Food and Industrial Crops, January-March

Year 3P % Change
Crop Year 1 Year 2 Reasons for change
CrPS PDR RDR NDR col.3/2
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
Sugarcane (cane) for: 1,173,359 2,718,527 1,448,536 1,448,536 - - (46.72) Less fertilizer usage/movement
of harvest
Less fertilizer usage/movement
Centrifugal sugar 1,166,268 2,705,770 1,441,000 1,441,000 - - (46.74)
of harvest
Panocha/Muscovado 7,069 12,741 7,519 7,519 - - (40.99) Movement of harvest
Chewing 22 17 17 17 - - 3.27 Bigger canes harvested
Basi/Vinegar - - - - - - -

Table 8. Volume of production, Non-Food and Industrial Crops, January-March

Production (MT) % Change

Crop Reasons for change
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3P col.3/2
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Sugarcane (cane) for: 1,173,359 2,718,527 1,448,536 (46.72) Less fertilizer usage/movement of harvest

Centrifugal sugar 1,166,268 2,705,770 1,441,000 (46.74) Less fertilizer usage/movement of harvest

Panocha/Muscovado 7,069 12,741 7,519 (40.99) Movement of harvest

Chewing 22 17 17 3.27 Bigger canes harvested
Basi/Vinegar - - - - -

5.2 Data Validation

Data validation is the process of assessing the acceptability of the data. It involves
different types of analyses with the goal of arriving at the decision whether to accept
the data or not. It is done with the main objective of releasing official data which
accurately captures the actual situation in the province.

Inputs. A number of auxiliary information shall be used to validate the estimates that
will reflect the agricultural situation in the province and will assure that the estimates
are within the acceptable levels. The personnel involved in validation shall be
equipped with available information as data check points. Some of these reference
information are production-related statistics from other agencies, foreign trade,
prices, consumption, weather condition, government and private program policies,
trading and processing patterns, parameters of selected fruitcrops and non-food and
industrial crops, fruiting season, and harvesting calendar. Tables 9 to 16 shows the
details of these auxiliary information.

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Table 9. List of auxiliary information used as data checks and possible sources

Information Source
1. Production related statistics: Agri-Businessmen
No. of bearing trees, area, production, Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI)
yield, updated cropping calendar Cooperatives
Institute of Plant Breeding (IPB)
Local Government Units (LGUs)
National Tobacco Administration (NTA)
Non-Government Organizations (NGOs)
Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA)
Philippine Fiber Industry Development Authority
(PhilFIDA)
Philippine Seed Board
Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
Private Growers
Sugar Regulatory Administration (SRA)
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
2. Foreign trade statistics BPI
PSA
3. Prices on: Agricultural Traders
a. fertilizer, pesticides; Plantation Farms
b. farm gate, wholesale, retail PSA
4. All relevant data from: Agri-Businessmen
a. large growers; NGOs,
b. fruit crops associations, cooperatives Private Growers
Food and Nutrition Research Institute
5. Per capita consumption; Industry Associations
industrial consumption LGUs
PSA
Deparment of Agriculture (DA)
Farmers
6. Weather conditions and damage report due LGUs
to natural and man-made calamities Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and
Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)
PSA
7. Government and private programs and DA
policies implemented, affecting crop production LGUs
(i.e. seed dispersal program, subsidies) NGO
8. Trading and processing patterns of selected
PSA (trading matrix of selected fruits)
commodities

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Table 10. Parameters of selected Non-Food and Industrial Crops

Crop Yield Bearing Trees, Hills/ha

Abaca 450-1,900 kg./ha 625-1,100 hills/ha
Coconut 5-60 nuts/tree 100-160 trees/ha
Coffee
Arabica 500-1000 kg of green beans/ha 950-1,400 trees/ha
1.85-3.70 kg of dried berries/tree
0.92-1.85 kg of dry beans/tree
0.50-1.00 kg.of green beans/tree
Excelsa 1,000 kg of green beans/ha 300-550 trees/ha
6.73-12.35 kg of dried berries/tree
3.37-6.17 kg of dry beans/tree
1.82-3.33 kg of green beans/tree
Liberica 1,000 kg of green beans/ha 300-550 trees/ha
6.73-12.35 kg of dried berries/tree
3.37-6.17 kg of dry beans/tree
1.82-3.33 kg of green beans/tree
Robusta 1,200 kg of green beans/ha 500-1000 trees/ha
4.44-8.89 kg of dried berries/tree
2.22-4.44 kg of dry beans per tree
1.20-2.40 kg of green beans/tree
Rubber 13.15 kg of cuplump/tree 160-280 trees/ha
(3.4 -4 kg per bt) (500 trees per ha)
Sugarcane (cane for):
Centrifugal Sugar 15-90 mt./ha 20,000-25,000 hills/ha
Panocha 12,600-91,000 canes/ha 20,000-25,000 hills/ha
Basi/Vinegar 3,000-9,000 lit./ha 20,000-25,000 hills/ha
Tobacco 400-1,600 kg/ha 14,000-20,000 hills/ha
Virgina 1,800-2,000 kg/ha
Native 1,600-1,800 kg/ha
Others (Burley) 1,900-2,200 kg/ha
Cacao 0.2-3 kg/tree 1,000 trees/ha
Cashew 93.75 kg/tree 70-160 trees/ha
Cotton
Old file 200-800 kg/ha 10,000-12,500 hills/ha
Series data 200-3,000 kg./ha 10,000-12,500 hills/ha
Palm
Oil Palm
Old file 5-60 kg/tree 400-625 trees/ha
New, internet 125-300 kg/tree 143 trees/ha
Kaong 225 kg/tree 143 trees/ha
Pili Nut 5-60 kg/ha 60-70 trees/ha
Betel Nut 30-300 nuts/tree 1,000-1,500 trees/ha
Other Fibers
Jute 2,500-3,000 kg/ha
Sisal 2,000-3,500 kg/ha
Ramie 800-1,400 kg/ha 40,000-45,000 hills/ha
Maguey 130-1,900 kg/ha 2,500-3,000 hills/ha
Kapok 100-2,000 kg/ha 204-280 trees/ha
Bromeliad/ Euphorbia * 51-120 mt/ha
* with planting medium

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Table 11. Parameters and fruiting season of selected fruit crops

Planting Yield Fruits/ Bearing Fruiting Season

Crop
Density Quantity Unit Kilos Kilo Age J F M A M J J A S O N D
MAJOR:
Banana 400 1-6 bunches 10-12 mos            
Bungulan 4.4 - 89
Cavendish 4.4 - 90
Lacatan 4.4 - 91
Latundan 4.4 - 92
Saba 4.4 - 93
Others 4.4 - 94
Bungulan 13
Cavendish 30
Lacatan 15
Latundan 10
Saba 20
Calamansi 400-625 0.1-2 kaing 4.4 - 88 40-50 6   
Mango 51-100 20-3t fruits 10    
Carabao 750 3-5
Piko 600 4-5
Others
Pineapple 28572 8t-12t fruits 18.9t - 28.4t 12-18 mos    
Other Fruits: 7.2t - 54t
Balimbing 277 20-900 fruits 100 4-5          
Durian 100 10-500 fruits 500 4-5    
Lanzones 400 2-100 kilos 2-100 60-80 12-20    
Mangosteen 156 100-600 fruits 100 5-6 10       
Papaya 5-60 fruits 6-9 mos            
Solo
Hawaiian 400-500 156
Native 1.1t-2.5t 39
Rambutan 100-156 200-300 fruits 50 5-6    
Tamarind 40-70 1-15 kaing 77-105 3-4        
Watermelon 2t-3t 3t-10t fruits 6.9t - 30t
Mandarin 160-280 20-1,000 fruits 125 8-9/4-5 5      
Orange 120-200 10-600 fruits 100 5-6/3-7 3-4    
Avocado 123 500-600 fruits 360 3-5 4-5    
Guava 277 7.5-20 kilos 7.5-20 4-6   
Native
Guapple 600-625
Guyabano 400 12-24 fruits 38.4 3-5  
Jackfruit 100 20-500 fruits 1500 7  
Melon 2t-3t 3t-12t fruits
Honey-dew
Muskmelon
Santol 69 150-300 fruits 5 5-7    
Starapple 156 1000 fruits 275 7-10 5-6     
Pomelo 100-156 5-400 fruits 450 4-5    
Atis 625 40-75 fruits 30 8-15 3-5      
Breadfruit 69 600-800 fruits 480 4-6         
Chico 156 500-2t fruits 400 15-20 6-8      
Duhat 100 100/tree 7-8   
Mabolo 51 10-800 fruits 6-7  
Marang 100 30-1,500 fruits 4-5        
Sineguelas 100-156 150-300 fruits 6 50-70 3
Lime 204-280 10-500 fruits 3-4   

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

The parameters established by the Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI), as shown in

Table 11, are the national averages. These levels vary at the provincial level due
to the differences in climate type, topography and farm practices. Note that the
provincial parameters should not deviate too much from the national average.

Table 12. Guide on Planting and Growing Vegetables

Time of Yield
Crop/Variety Maturity*
Planting Per Hectare
Mongo/ Mungbean Feb-Mar/May-Jun/Sep-Oct 65-72 DAP 1.0-1.5 tons
Peanut May-Jun / Sep-Oct 90-110 DAP 1.5-2.5 tons
Cabbage Oct - Dec 55-60 DAT 20-25 tons
Eggplant All season 90-120 DAP 9-11 tons
Tomato Jan-May / Sep-Oct 55-65 DAT 20-30 tons
Garlic Oct-Dec 95-120 DAP 8-12 tons
Onion Oct - Feb 3-4 MAT 8-15 tons
Sweet Potato All season 90-120 DAP 25-35 tons
Habitchuelas Oct - Jan 50 DAP 8-12 tons
Snap Beans All season 43-52 DAP 10-15 tons (green pods)
Brocolli Oct - Dec 50-65 DAT 4-10 tons
Cauliflower Sep - Jan 45-60 DAT 20,000 heads
Kangkong All season 30-50 DAP 10-12 tons
Lettuce (loose leaf) All season 30-45 DAT 5-10 tons
Pechay All season 25-30 DAT 6-10 tons
Chinese Cabbage Oct - Dec 55-65 DAT 10-25 tons
Ampalaya All season 60-75 DAP 8-15 tons
Stringbeans All season 50-65 DAP 6-12 tons (green pods)
Bush Sitao Nov - Mar 45-50 DAP 8-10 tons
Upo Oct-Mar 90-100 DAP 5-10 tons
Okra All season 60-75 DAP 6-11 tons
Squash Nov-Jan 3-5 MONTHS 10-12 tons
Ginger Apr-May 8-12 MAT 5-10 tons
Sweet Pepper Sep - Jan 80-90 DAT 10-20 tons
Carrot All season 75-103 DAS 4-8 tons
Gabi (native) All season 6-12 MAT 7-12 tons
Radish Oct-Mar 45-60 DAP 8-10 tons
Potato Sep - Jan 110-120 DAT 15-25 tons
Chayote Sep - Jan 6-10 MAT 2.5-4.0 tons
Patola Apr-May / Sep-Nov 60-85 DAP 3,333-5,000 fruits
Black Pepper All season 3-6 years 2-4 tons
Cucumber May-Jul / Oct-Dec 50-65 DAP 10-15 tons
Sweet Pea Nov-Jan 80-90 DAP 2.0-3.0 tons (green pods)
Celery Sep - Jan 65-75 DAP 5-6 tons
Chick Pea Sep - Jan 60-90 DAT 2.5-3.0 tons
Cowpea All season 60-75 DAP 8-10 tons (green pods)
Hyacinth Beans (batao) All season 75-90 DAP 10,000-15,000 pods
Lima Beans (patani) Nov - Mar 5-6 MAS 1.0-2.5 tons
Mustard All season 25-30 DAT 6-10 tons
Soybeans Jan-Feb/May-Jun/Sep-Oct 85-100 DAP 2-3 tons
Source: Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI)
Note:*DAP - Days after Planting; DAT - Days after Transplanting

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An example of data check for a specific commodity is shown in Table 13. This
serves as data check for the yield of mango, in kilograms per bearing tree,
provided by the National Mango Research and Development Center in Guimaras.
The yield differs by age and type of mango propagation. Similar to most permanent
crops, the volume of production depends upon the age of the trees.

Table 13. Yield per tree by propagation and age of mango-carabao

Age of GRAFTED TREES SEEDED TREES

Kilograms Per Tree Kilograms Per Tree
Trees Average Minimum Maximum Average Minimum Maximum
1 - - - - - -
2 - - - - - -
3 0.50 - 0.50 - - -
4 1.00 - 1.00 - - -
5 58.00 10.00 150.00 - - -
6 70.00 10.00 200.00 - - -
7 73.50 0.50 300.00 - - -
8 83.67 5.00 300.00 100.00 50.00 150.00
9 104.00 10.00 300.00 100.00 50.00 150.00
10 105.00 20.00 400.00 190.00 10.00 500.00
11 141.25 20.00 450.00 205.00 20.00 550.00
12 171.36 25.00 500.00 207.00 30.00 600.00
13 192.78 25.00 600.00 226.92 25.00 1,000.00
14 194.33 30.00 700.00 297.50 40.00 800.00
15 203.11 28.00 600.00 297.80 28.00 1,200.00
16 269.00 30.00 800.00 340.00 50.00 900.00
17 277.89 31.00 800.00 386.00 20.00 1,500.00
18 278.71 40.00 1,000.00 389.00 30.00 1,200.00
19 327.22 35.00 900.00 450.00 30.00 1,300.00
20 341.50 35.00 900.00 451.53 50.00 1,400.00
21-25 356.67 50.00 1,200.00 563.08 150.00 1,400.00
26-30 463.07 70.00 1,500.00 610.25 180.00 1,800.00
31-40 558.50 85.00 1,500.00 644.25 250.00 2,000.00
41-50 600.00 400.00 800.00 770.18 379.00 2,200.00
51-60 620.00 150.00 1,500.00 974.16 120.00 2,200.00
61-70 650.00 500.00 800.00 1,081.43 105.00 2,500.00
71-80 700.00 400.00 1,500.00 1,185.50 60.00 2,500.00
81-90 720.00 500.00 800.00 1,401.54 123.00 3,100.00
91-100 781.25 400.00 1,500.00 1,600.64 180.00 3,000.00
Source: National Mango Research and Development Center, Guimaras

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Table 14 shows an example of validation parameters for fruit crops. The table
indicates the range and common levels on number of trees per hectare, yield per
bearing tree in kilograms, pieces per kilogram, weight per fruit and kilograms per
bunch.

Table 14. Fruit crops parameters, Davao Sur, 2002

Bearing Age Number of Trees/Hectare Yield/Bearing Tree (in kg.)

Crop
Years Months Lowest Highest Common Lowest Highest Common
Banana
Bungulan - 9-12 600 900 800 30 40 30
Cavendish - 9-12 1500 1700 1700 30 60 45
Lakatan - 9-12 600 900 800 25 54 40
Latundan - 9-12 600 900 800 30 52 30
Saba - 9-12 600 700 625 25 50 40
Others - 9-12 300 500 400 24 36 30
Mango
Carabao 5 - 30 277 80 10 2200 500
Pico 8 - 30 277 80 10 2200 600
Others 10 - 30 200 65 10 1100 450

Table 14. continued…

Pieces/Kilogram Weight/Fruit Kilograms/Bunch

Crop
Lowest Highest Common Lowest Highest Common Lowest Highest Common
Banana
Bungulan 8 20 20 - - - 15 20 15
Cavendish 4 10 7 - - - 25 35 30
Lakatan 8 20 18 - - - 15 25 20
Latundan 5 20 15 - - - 15 25 15
Saba 10 20 18 - - - 20 30 20
Others 5 15 12 - - - 12 18 15
Mango
Carabao 4 6 5 - - - - -
Pico 4 6 5 - - - - -
Others 5 7 6 - - - -

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Pieces per kilogram apply to the number of small fruits in a kilogram, like
calamansi and tomato. Weight per fruit is applied to big fruits like papaya and
jackfruit. The kilogram per bunch is applied to fruits in bunches, like banana and
industrial crops like oil palm.

The number of trees per hectare may be used to estimate the area. If the number
falls outside the range, the number of trees and/or area could have been
underestimated or overestimated. A number above the range may indicate
overestimation of the number of trees or underestimation of the area. The area for
scattered trees or in small farms is determined by assuming the trees are planted
in the same way as in compact farms and the area is estimated based on the
number of trees to a hectare.

Yield in kilograms per unit indicates the relative production level. A number below
the yield range indicates underestimation while a level above the range suggests
overestimation. Under normal condition, the acceptable level is either within the
range, the arithmetic mean, or common level of the parameters, where available.
Both parameters on number of trees per hectare and kilograms per hectare are in
an annual basis.

It is important that a harvesting calendar be established for each crop and province
in a normal year. Harvest months may vary by crop and year due to farm practices
or technology, as well as impact of climate change. Table 15 shows an example of
a harvesting calendar.

Table 15. Harvesting calendar, Davao Sur, 2002

HARVEST MONTHS
Crop Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
in percentage
Banana
Bungulan 7 8 9 10 9 9 9 9 8 7 8 7
Cavendish 7 6 7 10 10 9 8 7 9 9 9 9
Lakatan 7 8 9 10 11 9 8 8 8 8 7 7
Latundan 9 8 6 6 7 7 8 9 10 10 10 10
Saba 8 7 6 8 9 8 8 8 8 10 10 10
Others 7 8 9 10 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7
Mango
Carabao 6 6 7 13 18 10 8 7 6 6 7 6
Pico 5 5 7 14 19 12 8 7 6 6 6 5
Others 5 5 8 17 20 10 8 5 6 6 5 5

With the large number of crops being monitored every reporting period, it is
suggested that the final data observations be prepared after the submission of the
final annual estimates and the release of the Quarterly Report of the Performance
in Agriculture. The crops listed shall be those with questionable yield, i.e.

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kilograms/bearing tree or kilograms/hectare, and bearing trees/hectare. Table 16

shows an example guide in validating data using validation parameters.

Table 16. Final data observations, Fruit Crops, 2007

2007 Annual Parameters

Crop Item
Final Data PSO BPI
kilograms/bearing hill 12.57 30 79
Bungulan
bearing hills/hectares 187.00 400 400
kilograms/bearing hill 38.54 30 58
Lacatan
bearing hills/hectares 110.00 400 400
kilograms/bearing hill 7.49 20 88
Latundan
bearing hills/hectares 177.00 400 400
kilograms/bearing hill 8.25 35 122
Saba
bearing hills/hectares 115.00 400 400
Mango - kilograms/bearing tree 6.33 75 750
Carabao bearing trees/hectares 25.00 50 51-100
kilograms/bearing tree 5.12 75 600
Mango - Piko
bearing trees/hectares 36.00 60 51-100
Pineapple kilograms/bearing tree 2.16 10 8.9t-28.4t
kilograms/bearing tree 15.34 10 2-100
Lanzones
bearing trees/hectares 206.00 200 400

A copy of the data series of each other crops is a must during the data review. The
POs should maintain its own data series for all other crops by collection period as
quick reference. The data series are likewise available in the two compiling
systems, in each of the sub-commodity groups. The data series maintained include
the working files and released data. The data series show the estimates in the past
and mostly in the current reporting period.

In the event that there is an insufficient source of information that would serve as
data checks or reference/parameters, other possible sources of this information
may be tapped.

1. Analytical Tools in Data Validation. This section discusses two commonly

used analytical tools in data validation. These are the analysis of time series data
and Delphi-User’s Perspective.

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Analysis of Time Series Data. Time series analysis is an approach used to

identify the underlying characteristics of a data. It is one of the most commonly
used analysis technique in agricultural statistics. Given the dynamics of
agricultural situation and its adaptability with natural factors and human
interventions, both of which may vary across time, analyzing the trend of
agricultural statistics is a comprehensive approach in data validation.

The most basic method is to graph the time series data and visually examine the
overall trend (increasing, decreasing), cyclic patterns (seasonal effects), outliers
(data points which are exceedingly high or low) and turning points (different
trends within a data series).

A line graph may be constructed to easily identify the movement of the

parameter. From this series, stability and/or fluctuations may be identified. Since
the current estimate to be validated is always on the end of the plotted trend, its
movement relative to the historical data is visualized through the line graph. If
there are no known extreme factors present which could have affected the
parameter, say production, stability in the trend is expected. On the other hand, if
there are compromising conditions present, say typhoons, it is expected to have
noticeable fluctuations on the trend.

In data validation, time series analysis can be used to reconcile and resolve
inconsistencies of the statistics from various sources other than the existing
statistical series. The data set that follows the general pattern of change in the
series may be considered more accurate than the other set.

The following are points to consider on validating the data of other crops.

Case 1: Questionable Semestral Data on Number of Bearing Trees

Usually, the number of bearing trees reported in every semester is the same
throughout the year. The same trees are reported even if these failed to bear fruit
at certain reference period. However, there is a possibility that there maybe
changes due to trees that were cut, trees which fell due to calamities or due to
new bearing trees.

On the example illustrated in Table 17, it can be noticed that there is a significant
discrepancy between the number of bearing trees in Year 3 and Year 4 between
the periods of July to December and January to June. It appeared that the
second semester is independent from the first semester, but it should have been
the same number of trees referred to, since these trees were there throughout
the year. Instances of this case should always be verified.

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Table 17. Number of Bearing Trees, Coffee, by variety, January-June

and July-December

Crop/Variety Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4

Coffee
Arabica 11,846 11,846 11,609 11,609
Jan-Jun 11,846 11,846 11,135 11,135
Jul-Dec 11,846 11,846 11,609 11,609
Robusta 153,739 162,426 157,553 157,553
Jan-Jun 153,739 156,814 137,996 137,996
Jul-Dec 153,739 162,426 157,553 157,553
Liberica 147,444 151,867 145,881 145,881
Jan-Jun 147,444 151,867 136,680 136,680
Jul-Dec 147,444 150,393 145,881 145,881

Case 2: Yield and Bearing Trees per Hectare

Each crop has its own productive age. Yield also varies by crop, age and type of
propagation. Normally, for permanent crops, production is low during the early
productive age. Production increases as the tree matures. Grafted trees bear
fruit much earlier as compared to trees planted as seeds.

Table 18 shows the estimates of the different data items for calamansi from Year
1 to Year 6 for January to June. With reference to the validation parameters of
calamansi in Table 18.A, calamansi planted as seeds bear fruit between 4 to 6
years from planting. Grafted seedlings bear fruit much earlier or within the year.
Note the drop in kilograms per bearing tree with significant increase in bearing
trees in Year 2 and Year 5. New bearing trees produced small quantities, pulling
down the average yield. Also, production continued to increase as the bearing
trees matured in Year 5 and Year 6. In cases like this, ensure that the bearing
trees per hectare and yield per bearing tree is within the acceptable range as
years go on.

Table 18. Volume of production, area, bearing trees, kilograms per tree and bearing
trees per hectare, Calamansi, January-June

Item Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6

Calamansi
Production (m.t.) 732.84 768.23 828.98 1,212.30 1,366.95 2,021.27
Area Planted (ha.) 60.00 150.00 200.00 210.00 210.00 260.00
Bearing Trees 16,050 21,900 22,800 24,300 62,250 83,000
Bearing Trees/ha. 350 365 380 405 415 415
Kg./bearing tree 45.66 35.08 36.36 49.89 21.96 24.35

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Table 18.A. Validation parameters for calamansi

Parameter Low Common High

Bearing Age 4 - 6 years
Planting Density (trees/hectare) 400 450 625
Yield (kg.) 4.40 45.00 88.00

Case 3: Questionable Yield Levels between Varieties

It is vital to be familiar with the characteristics of a crop, especially on size and

weight, between varieties. The yield reflects which variety produces more and
heavier fruits. For example, the Hawaiian variety of papaya produces much
bigger and heavier fruits than the two other varieties, native and solo. In this
case, Hawaiian variety is expected to have relatively higher yield. However, in
the example shown in Table 19, the Hawaiian variety in Year 3 has the lowest
yield. Having knowledge of the fact that the particular variety is supposed to have
higher yield compared to the other two, the data must be further verified,
validated and corrected, if needed.

Table 19. Yield per bearing tree, in kilograms, Papaya, July-December

Crop/Variety Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Papaya
Hawaiian 45.65 46.08 22.57
Native 22.40 25.42 25.05
Solo 31.38 31.39 32.69

Case 4: Unacceptable Simultaneous Increase in Area and Bearing Trees

Based on the previous examples, permanent crops have growing years before
bearing fruits. Each crop also varies in terms of planting density, given the size of
the tree and growing requirements. For the permanent crops, any increase in
area does not necessarily mean increase in bearing trees. Newly planted trees, if
any, will have to be reported in the additional areas. After reaching their
productive years, the increase in the number of bearing trees should then be
reflected.

A report on simultaneous increase in area and bearing trees could have been
based on the area previously reported, specifically, years back when these new
reported bearing trees were planted. This could eventually lead to questionable
results.

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

An example in Table 20 shows that the reported bearing trees per hectare of
mango from 275 (Year 4) to 317 (Year 5) bearing trees per hectare are both way
above the range of 100-150 trees per hectare, according to the validation
parameters of mango in Table 20.A. In spite of an increase in area, the increase
in the number of bearing trees within a year is not acceptable.

Table 20. Area, bearing trees and bearing trees per hectare, mango,
January-June

Item Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5

Mango
Area Planted (ha.) 5.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 5.00
Bearing Trees 225 428 550 550 950
Bearing Trees/ha. 45 86 110 275 317

Table 20.A. Validation parameters for mango

Parameter Low Common High

Bearing Age 5 - 10 years
Planting Density (trees/hectare) 100 120 150

Case 5: Acceptable Simultaneous Increase in Area and Bearing Trees

The example in Table 21 shows that the bearing trees per hectare of mango
carabao are 36 and 42, for Year 5 and Year 6, respectively. Any increase in
bearing trees along with an increase in area is acceptable, since the number of
bearing trees per hectare is still within the density of 70 trees per hectare, based
on the validation parameters in Table 21.A. Also, the 32 bearing trees per
hectare from Year 1 to Year 3 is still within the acceptable range.

Table 21. Area, bearing trees and bearing trees per hectare, mango carabao,
January-June

Item Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6

Mango Carabao
Area Planted (ha.) 6,742 6,833 6,850 6,870 6,870 6,900
Bearing Trees 218,090 219,912 219,920 240,450 245,259 291,280
Bearing Trees/ha. 32 32 32 35 36 42

Table 21.A. Validation parameters for mango carabao

Parameter Low Common
Bearing Age 4 - 10 years
Planting Density
30 70
(trees/hectare)

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Case 6: High Level Planting Bearing Trees per Hectare as Against the
Parameters

The age of the planting materials may vary and affect the year when the trees
start to bear fruits. In Table 22, using jackfruit statistics as an example, despite
the planting material of one-year old or two-year old trees, the number of bearing
trees per hectare is way above the acceptable range of 100-200 trees per
hectare, as shown in the validation parameters in Table 22.A.

There was an overestimation in the number of bearing trees despite the use of
one-year old or two-year old planting materials. The area is correspondingly
based on a five (5) or six (6) year data. Based on other sources of parameters,
the current number of bearing jackfruit trees, given that these were planted five to
six years ago, is between 4,500 to 5,850 trees.

Table 22. Area and bearing trees, jackfruit, 2008, 2013-2016, July-December

Item 2008 … 2013 2014 2015 2016

Area Planted (ha.) 30 … 30 30 30 30
Bearing Trees 2,400 … 36,520 36,520 33,500 29,300
Bearing Trees/ha. … …
1 year old planting material … … 1,217 936 1,117 977
2 year old planting material … … … 1,217 859 977

Table 22.A. Validation parameters for jackfruit

Parameter Low Common High

Bearing Age 7 - 10 years
Planting Density (trees/hectare) 100 150 200

Case 7: Questionable Level of Production

The yield or kilogram per bearing hill or tree reflects if production is

underestimated, overestimated or within the ideal range. Clearly, the example in
Table 23 shows that banana bungulan production is underestimated, given that
at least a bunch is produced in a year. It is rather unlikely that a hill produces
only an average of 2.32-7.27 kilograms, unless severely damaged. Given this
situation, a drop in production for whatever reason should be corrected at the
very least to solve the problem of underestimated production. Note that in 2012,
due to a calamity, the reported drop in banana bungulan production was too high,
from 50.84 metric tons to 31.03 metric tons. The declining trend could have been
maintained, but at a very low rate, since the kilograms per bearing hill in the
previous report was already very low at 3.67 kilograms. Input errors may also be
considered in this case.

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Table 23. Volume of production, area, bearing hills, bearing hills per hectare and
kilograms per hill, banana bungulan, July-December, 2009-2016

Item 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Production (m.t.) 52.98 57.34 45.99 50.84 31.03 45.00 56.06 70.50
Area Planted (ha.) 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00
Bearing Hills 19,790 19,800 19,800 13,860 11,700 9,700 9,700 9,700
Bearing Hills/ha. 1,099 1,100 1,100 770 650 539 539 539
Kg./bearing hill 2.68 2.90 2.32 3.67 2.65 4.64 5.78 7.27

Case 8: Abrupt Change in Production

In Table 24a, the data series shows a production range of 30,353 metric tons to
34,124 metric tons from 2009 to 2010, with an area of about 3,300 hectares. The
abrupt change in production in 2013 from 16,310 metric tons to 29,574 metric
tons in 2014 is within the range of the levels in the previous years, and the level
of area and bearing trees were maintained. The abrupt change in this case is
acceptable.

Table 24a. Volume of production, area, and bearing trees, mango, January-June,
2009-2016

Item 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Mango
Production (m.t.) 30,353 34,124 12,549 12,965 16,310 29,574 18,634 21,975
Area Planted (ha.) 3,343 3,384 3,384 3,384 3,384 3,384 3,395 3,395
Bearing Trees 415,800 416,150 416,150 416,174 416,115 407,951 373,220 368,220

Case 9: Abrupt Change in Production, Area and Bearing Trees

In the example in Table 24b, production, area and number of bearing trees of
calamansi slightly increased from 2012 to 2015. However, in 2016, these
abruptly increased at questionable levels. Calamansi bears fruit in four to six
years when planted by seeds, while grafted trees bear minimal quantity of fruits
on the first year and gradually increase as the tree matures. The volume in 2016
could not be possible even if a yield of one kilogram per tree is assumed, for the
new bearing trees at least. The data series on yield reveals that the annual
increase ranges from 0.20 to 1.80 kilograms per bearing tree. A sharp increase in
crop production or yield per bearing tree is very remote. The very high number of
bearing trees reported in 2016 is because the new trees were included in the
report. The 2016 yield of 24.86 per bearing tree is the average yield for the new
and old trees, which is not correct since new bearing trees, which were included
in the report, have very minimal yield in their initial fruiting. In these cases,
thorough and careful review and validation should be done.

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Table 24b. Volume of production, area, and bearing trees, calamansi,

January-June, 2012-2016

Item 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Calamansi
Production (m.t.) 881.03 892.18 910.74 957.59 3,188.97
Area Planted (ha.) 97.60 99.00 101.50 106.00 348.00
Bearing Trees 27,200 27,377 26,750 26,950 128,255
Bearing Trees/ha. 279 277 264 254 369
Kg./bearing tree 32.39 32.59 34.05 35.53 24.86

Case 10: Initial Report of Previously Unreported Productive Crop

Some productive crops have been verified to have existed in the province but
were never been reported for some reasons. Therefore, the crop has no
previously reported data series. In this case, the initial report for production, area
and bearing trees shall be reported simultaneously, without applying the number
of years of growing before reaching bearing age. In the initial report, the levels of
kilograms per bearing tree and the number of bearing trees should reflect the
situation in the province.

For crops with data series whose levels do not reflect the situation in the
province, the number of growing years before the productive age shall be
followed. Abrupt change or reflection of the actual situation in the province shall
be allowed based on hard facts, surveys and other official documents. A simple
example is shown in Table 25.

Table 25. Volume of production, area, number of bearing trees, yield and density,
lanzones, January-June, 2009-2016

Item 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Lanzones
Production (m.t.) - - - - - 0.50 0.55 0.55
Area (ha.) - - - - - 5.00 5.00 5.00
Bearing Trees - - - - - 1,000 1,000 1,250
Kg./bearing tree - - - - - 0.50 0.55 0.44
Bearing Trees/ha. - - - - - 200 200 250

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Case 11: Inconsistent Production Share Based on CrPS Reports and Harvesting
Calendar

One way of checking the accuracy of production report is through the use of an
established harvesting calendar in a normal year. However, the share may vary
from year to year due to farm practices, technology and impact of climate. A
harvesting calendar gives an idea on what reference period the production
movement shall be.

Table 26 reflects the inconsistencies in terms of production shares between the

CrPS reports and the established harvesting calendar. The bulk of production
differs much between the CrPS and harvesting calendar. Both should have been
consistent in the share of production. The POs should maintain an updated
harvesting calendar as a basis in any movement of production between
reference periods.

Table 26. Production share based on the CrPS report and harvesting calendar, by
quarter, mango carabao, 2014

Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4

Province Harvesting Harvesting Harvesting Harvesting
CrPS CrPS CrPS CrPS
Calendar Calendar Calendar Calendar
1 11.95 70.00 88.05 30.00 - - - -
2 20.33 50.00 79.67 50.00 - - - -
3 42.50 20.00 57.50 80.00 - - - -
4 67.22 30.00 32.78 70.00 - - - -
5 3.07 28.00 68.58 59.00 19.82 9.00 8.53 4.00
6 2.42 12.00 96.20 79.00 0.78 4.00 0.60 5.00

Case 12: Inconsistency of Estimates in the Crops Compiling System (CCS) against
Other Crops Compiling System (OCCS)

Each sub-commodity group has an independent Crops Compiling System. It

covers the major and other crops individually listed and regularly appears in all the
reporting periods throughout the year. It has two files, one for the production alone
and the other for the area, bearing trees, bearing trees per hectare and kilograms
per hectare or bearing tree per hectare.

To properly account for the breakdown of the crops not individually listed in
Quarter 1 and Quarter 3 worksheets of the CCS, which are collectively termed
Other Crops, the OCCS was developed to supplement the CCS. This is a single
file which covers all the data items covered in the two files under the CCS.

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

The OCCS shall first be accomplished as this presents the breakdown of the rest
of the other crops not listed in the CCS. This assures that the total for Other Crops
is the same in both the CCS and OCCS. Some observations in the CrPS reports
are discussed in the subsequent sections.

The crops listed in Table 27 appear in both the CCS and OCCS. However, the
levels in the final estimates of Year 1 (Year1F) for both systems differ. The same
trees and crops were covered and reported in both compiling systems, therefore,
the estimates shall be the same. The estimates of total Other Vegetables with
breakdown in the OCCS shall be reflected to the CCS.

Table 27. Volume of production, Other Vegetables, from CCS and OCCS,
July-September

Crops Compiling Other Crops

Crop
Year 1P Year 1F Year 1P Year 1F
Camote tops 330.00 330.00 330.00 357.00
Patola 36.00 37.00 36.00 39.26
Black pepper 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70
Cucumber 2.50 2.60 2.50 2.50
Gabi leaves w/ stem 996.00 996.00 996.00 66.50
Bamboo shoots 8.35 8.35 8.35 6.50
Malunggay leaves 532.00 532.00 532.00 8.02
Jackfruit young 1,603.00 1,603.00 1,603.00 1,524.82
Green papaya 762.00 762.00 762.00 294.50
Chili pepper fruit 2.78 2.78 2.78 1.79
Pao (galiang) 136.80 136.80 136.80 8.01
Tugue 14.80 14.80 14.80 -
Other Vegetables 69.00 69.00 69.00 29.39
Kondol - - 24.96 14.96
Chili pepper leaves - - 12.85 2.85
Paco - - 18.18 8.18
Winged beans - - 13.01 3.40

Delphi-User’s Perspective. Consultation with major industry authority is another

approach to validate the survey results through the Delphi-User’s Perspective. To
firm up the data, solicit explanations from the industry experts and determine the
acceptability. The process passes the judgment on the quality of estimates to the
industry experts. Interaction with the data users and industry experts also
advocate for greater cooperation on data collection so as to increase response
rates. The consultation can also be used to generate feedback on data quality.

Informed industry personnel know the updates on the different developments in

their industry. Thus, they can be good source of validating the survey results.

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Major industry authority usually maintains relevant and historical data sets on
economic situations, local and international trade, prices and supply. They are
fully aware on the production and prospects of their industry.

5.3 Outputs for Submission

For Other Crops, the submission of the two accomplished compiling systems is
important for the generation of the national level estimates. In the next sections,
the two (2) compiling systems, Crops Compiling System and (CCS) and Other
Crops Compiling System (OCCS) are shown.

Moreover, an output in the data review and validation is the documentation of the
final report which includes the estimates and explanations on the situation during
the reporting period. These are crucial in the preparation of the Quarterly Report
of the Performance in Agriculture.

The Crops Compiling System (CCS). The CCS has two (2) separate
components. One is a separate file for production data (Figure 2), while the other
one is for the data regarding area planted/harvested, number of bearing trees
and yield (Figure 3).

Figure 1. A sample of the production data file from the CCS

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Figure 2. A sample of the area, number of bearing trees and yield data file from
the CCS

The Other Crops Compiling System (OCCS). The OCCS presents the
breakdown of the rest of the other crops not listed in the CCS. This is a single file
which covers all the data items covered in the two (2) files under the CCS. A
sample OCCS is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 3. A sample of OCCS

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Reason/s, Remarks and Explanations. As a source document in the analysis

and report preparation, of equal importance to the estimates are the reasons for
change, remarks and explanation, especially for estimates with significant
change, out of the ideal or acceptable range levels, or not realistic enough but
exists in the province. Large changes need stronger reasons to support the
extent of the change. Conventions must also be considered, such as attribution
of change to the movement in the area planted or harvested being applicable for
temporary mono-harvest crops.

The required reasons come in two aspects. The first is on any difference
between the preliminary and the final estimates. The second is on the reasons
for changes compared to the previous year of the same period. The first aspect
shall provide an idea on the changes for the consolidation and maintenance of
the Philippine National Accounts. It shall clarify for the change of level between
the preliminary estimates and final data. The second aspect is the required
description of the highlights of the situation in the province, such as the climate
that occurred in the province from the previous up to the current quarter, changes
in the agricultural structure due to programs and policies implemented by the
national and local government, as well as the other stakeholders in the
agriculture sector.

On weather or climate, it is important that its impact to the crops or response of

the crop be cited. Crops respond differently to changes in weather or climate and
by growing stage. The impact to the crop is better cited along with the growing
stage for the crop.

Some existing programs implemented by the government that may affect crop
production are the Vegetable Production Program, Rootcrops Program, Coffee
Rehabilitation Program, Rubber Production Program and other locally
implemented programs. Infrastructures being put up in the province, likewise,
may create impact on crop production. These include irrigation facilities,
warehouses, tram lines, green houses, freezer van and the like.

To further improve the reasons, remarks or explanation and be more useful to

the data users, the following should be considered.

Reason/s for Any Differences between Preliminary and Final Data

It is important that any difference between the preliminary and final data be
documented. This is to keep track of the cause of the change in level and not on
what affected the crop to increase or decrease. Table 28 shows an example of
large discrepancy between the preliminary and final estimates of vegetables and
rootcrops production for Year 3. Justification on this case would include evidence
to confirm and support the differences between the two data and such should be
properly documented.

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Table 28. Volume of production, in metric tons, Vegetables and Rootcrops,

April-June

Crop Year 1 Year 2 Year 3P Year 3F

Vegetables and
371.51 390.64 230.02 307.22
Rootcrops
Asparagus 50.00 55.00 47.67 62.87
Ampalaya 1.10 1.12 0.73 1.58
Brocolli 132.74 139.38 62.74 57.19
Cabbage 4.02 5.03 5.20 5.20
Carrots 0.55 0.57 1.85 2.90
Cauliflower 1.00 2.00 43.50 7.40
Cassava 181.50 186.93 68.00 169.60
Radish 0.60 0.61 0.33 0.48

Reason/s for All Crops Regardless of Change or No Change

The provincial estimate is the result of the different responses which reflects if
the current estimates are the same, higher or lower, compared to the estimates
of the same period last year. The reasons for the change in each of the crops
being monitored, regardless of the degree (even if there is no change at all),
must always be specified. Table 29 shows an example of a complete report
regarding the reasons for the change in the production of selected crops.

Table 29. Volume of production, in metric tons, Selected Crops, January-March

Crop % Change Reason/s for Change

Abaca (7.56) Hills were toppled down due to Typhoon "Nina"

Coconut (2.31) Less nuts developed due to effect of dry spell from previous quarters
Mature (2.58) Less nuts developed due to effect of dry spell from previous quarters
Young 8.28 Higher demand for fresh buko juice
Coffee (10.54) Effect of strong winds brought by Typhoon "Lawin" during the flowering stage
Arabica (1.53) Cutting down of old trees and less productive trees
Robusta (2.03) Effect of strong winds brought by Typhoon "Lawin" during the flowering stage
Rubber 17.87 More tapping activities due to good buying price of cuplump
Sugarcane 3.03 Sufficient and proper application of fertilizer
Tobacco 3.82 Increase in area harvested due to contract growing of ABC Inc.
Native 1.00 Sustained preference for chewing and cigar leaf
Virginia 2.28 Increase in area harvested due to contract growing of ABC Inc.
Mongo 0.27 More and better pods developed due to distribution of quality seeds
Peanut 9.10 More pods developed due to favorable soil moisture
Cabbage (1.21) Shifted to production of brocolli, lettuce and Chinese pechay
Eggplant 3.15 Bigger fruits harvested due to sufficient use of fertilizer

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Table 29. continued…

Crop % Change Reason/s for Change

Banana 5.23 Increased bearing hills on Cavendish
Bungulan (0.79) Affected by Sigatoka disease(Toril Plantation)
Cavendish 7.96 Increased area and number of bearing hills harvested
Lacatan (0.49) Less fertilizer usage
Latundan (6.04) Affected by bugtok disease
Saba (7.95) Affected by bugtok disease
Others (1.65) Some areas shifted to cavendish.
Calamansi (8.79) Decrease in number of bearing trees due to Typhoon "Nina"
Pineapple 2.61 Increase in area harvested from corporate farms

Identification of Pest and Diseases

Pests and diseases vary by crop, growing stage and season. The presence the
effect of these on the crops should always be specifically identified. Table 30
shows a comparative example of how the presence of pests and diseases should
be reported.

Table 30. Volume of production, in metric tons, onion, eggplant, abaca and cacao

INCORRECT
Crop % Change Reasons for Change
Onion (2.46) Affected by pests
Eggplant (3.66) Affected by pests
Abaca (4.04) Affected by disease
Cacao (35.64) Poor quality fruits/infected by a disease
CORRECT
Crop % Change Reasons for Change
Onion (2.46) Affected by "army worms"
Eggplant (3.66) Affected by "flee beetles and fruit borer"
Abaca (4.04) Affected by "mosaic and bunchy top disease"
Cacao (35.64) Poor quality fruits due to "black pod disease"

Identification of Typhoons/Calamities and Date of Occurrence

Every year, an average of 20 typhoons enters the Philippine Area of

Responsibility as reported by Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical Astronomical
Services Administration (PAGASA). Typhoons vary in coverage area and
adverse effects on crops. In some cases, typhoons confine their influence to
certain areas such that the said typhoon may not be felt in the rest of the
production areas. The identity of the typhoon that hit the area shall help in
tracking the crop and the amount of damage it inflicted in the production area.

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Table 31 shows an example of properly identifying typhoons as sources of

change.

Table 31. Volume of production, in metric tons, coconut and abaca

INCORRECT
Crop % Change Reasons for Change
Coconut (24.58) Series of typhoons hit the prov
Mature (26.23) Series of typhoons hit the prov
Young (28.36) Series of typhoons hit the prov
Abaca (21.92) Damaged by typhoon
CORRECT
Crop % Change Reasons for Change
Coconut (24.58) Decrease in number of bearing trees due to Typhoon "Nona" last year
Mature (26.23) Decrease in number of bearing trees due to Typhoon "Nona" last year
Young (28.36) Decrease in number of bearing trees due to Typhoon "Nona" last year
Abaca (21.92) Toppled down hills due to Typhoon "Nina" last quarter

Identification of the Crop in which the Other Crop Shifted To

With the large number of crops being monitored, the identity of the crops in which
other crops shifted to, shall indicate the crops most likely to drop or increase in
the coming periods. These crops should be specified. An example is illustrated in
Table 32.

Table 32. Volume of production, in metric tons, tobacco, sugarcane and mongo,
January-March
INCORRECT
Crop % Change Reasons for Change
Tobacco 14.99 shifted from other variety
Native 24.58 shifted from other variety
Virginia (4.35) shifted to other variety
Sugarcane (28.08) shifted to other crops
Mongo 12.89 shifted from other crops
CORRECT
Crop % Change Reasons for Change
more area harvested due to financial support from XYZ Corporation for
Tobacco
2.58 native variety
shifted from virginia variety; more area harvested due to financial support
Native 20.72
from XYZ Corporation
Virginia (5.96) shifted to native variety
Sugarcane (28.08) shifted to corn
Mongo 12.89 shifted from peanut

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Inconsistent Reason/s in Reference to Other Data Items

The reasons for change shall not be confined to the movement of production, but
the data that supports the change such as the number of bearing trees and
bearing trees per hectare should be considered as well. The item referred to
should be consistent as cited in the reasons.

In an example in Table 33, the 2.47% increase from Year 1 to Year 2 production
of oil palm was attributed to an increase in the number of bearing trees.
However, Table 34 showed no increase in the number of bearing trees from Year
1 to Year 2. Also, there was barely an increase in the bearing tree per hectare,
as observed in Table 35. This is a common error in reporting and should always
be observed and verified.

Table 33. Volume of production, in metric tons, oil palm, July-December

Crop % Change Reasons for Change

Oil Palm 2.47 increase in bearing trees

Table 34. Number of bearing trees, oil palm

Crop/Period Year 1 Year 2

Oil Palm 1,375,550 1,375,550
Jan-Jun 1,140,000 1,375,550
Jul-Dec 1,375,550 1,375,550

Table 35. Bearing trees per hectare, oil palm

Crop/Period Year 1 Year 2

Oil Palm 314 314
Jan-Jun 600 314
Jul-Dec 314 314

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Summary of Reason/s

The summary of reasons should integrate, if possible, the reasons from its
components and should be precise when traced. Where possible, the summary
considers the major contributor which supports the change. For the case of crops
with variety, an example is shown in Table 36. The overall production of onion
decreased. In this case, the summary of reason for onion is the same reason for
the variety with the largest decrease, or the most common reason/factor
attributed to the varieties that decreased. Since the native variety had the highest
decrease, its reason shall also be the summary of reasons for onion.

Table 36. Volume of production, in metric tons, onion, January-March

INCORRECT
Crop/Variety Year 1 Year 2 % Change Reasons for Change
Onion 11,583.25 11,456.19 (1.10) Lesser area harvested due to damages on seedlings caused by Typhoons "Lando" and "Nona"
Native 11,174.54 11,048.28 (1.13) Lesser area planted as planting materials were infested with onion weevils
Bermuda 408.71 407.91 (0.20) Lesser area harvested due to damages on seedlings caused by Typhoons "Lando" and "Nona"
CORRECT
Crop/Variety Year 1 Year 2 % Change Reasons for Change
Onion 11,583.25 11,456.19 (1.10) Lesser area planted as planting materials were infested with onion weevils
Native 11,174.54 11,048.28 (1.13) Lesser area planted as planting materials were infested with onion weevils
Bermuda 408.71 407.91 (0.20) Lesser area harvested due to damages on seedlings caused by Typhoons "Lando" and "Nona"

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Regional Summary of Reasons Accounting for the Major Contributing Provinces

As in the previously discussed summary of reasons, the summary for the regions
shall be a consolidation of the reasons from among the provinces which support
the change. Depending on the trend, the reason(s) attributed to by the large
contributing province(s) shall be cited. Table 37 illustrates that production for
region A dropped by 0.32 percent. In this case, the summary of reason for region
A is the same reason for the provinces with the major contribution to the decline,
or the most common reason/factor attributed to the provinces which decreased.
Since, province C and province D posted highest reduction in production,
therefore reasons shall also be the summary of reasons for banana. In cases,
where only one province reports harvest, adopt the reason for the region.

Table 37. Volume of production, in metric tons, banana, January-March

Region/Province Year 1 Year 2 % Change Reasons for Change

Region A 2,833.22 2,824.1 (0.32) Decrease in area harvested area planted with rubber (Prov D)
Province A 1,590.00 1,628.5 2.42 Sufficient water supply resulted from constant rainfalls
Province B 427.86 450.9 5.37 Increase no. of bearing hills harvested
Province C 646.42 588.2 (9.01) Experienced lodging
Province D 168.94 156.6 (7.32) Decrease in area harvested area planted with rubber
CORRECT
Region/Province Year 1 Year 2 % Change Reasons for Change
Region A 2,833.22 2,824.10 (0.32) Lodging (Prov C) and shifted to rubber (Prov D)
Province A 1,590.00 1,628.5 2.42 Sufficient water supply resulted from constant rainfalls
Province B 427.86 450.9 5.37 Increase no. of bearing hills harvested
Province C 646.42 588.2 (9.01) Experienced lodging
Province D 168.94 156.6 (7.32) Decrease in area harvested area planted with rubber

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Vague Summary of Reasons

The summary of reasons should be specific, clear and precise. An example in

Table 38 shows a better summary of reasons regarding decrease in the
production of papaya. The decrease was specifically attributed to old and less
productive trees, instead of citing a variety, which is more objective and
informative.

Table 38. Volume of production, in metric tons, papaya, January-March

Crop/Variety Year 1 Year 2 % Change Reasons for Change

Papaya 680.51 614.10 (9.76) Decrease in production reported for native papaya
Hawaiian 240.22 255.36 6.30 Increase in bearing trees
Native 435.62 357.34 (17.97) Decrease in bearing trees due to old less productive trees
Solo 4.67 1.40 (70.02) Increase productive trees
CORRECT
Crop/Variety Year 1 Year 2 % Change Reasons for Change
Papaya 680.51 614.10 (8.72) Decrease in bearing trees due to old less productive trees
Hawaiian 240.22 255.36 7.66 Increase in bearing trees
Native 435.62 357.34 (17.81) Decrease in bearing trees due to old less productive trees
Solo 4.67 1.40 69.70 Increase productive trees

41
APPENDICES

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Appendix A. Timetable of Activities

Survey Rounds
Activity February May Round August November
Round Round Round
Pre-survey activities
Updating of top producing 6-10 Feb
municipalities
Reproduction of collection form 16-17 Feb 18-19 May 17-18 Aug 16-17 Nov
Briefing of statistical 16 Feb 18 May 18 Aug 17 Nov
researchers (SR)
Data collection and supervision
Data collection 17-28 Feb 19-31 May 21-31 Aug 20-30 Aug
Mailing of Crops Compiling to 24 Feb 26 May 25 Aug 24 Nov
RSSOs/PSOs
Data processing and generation 28 Feb-07 31 May-07 31 Aug-07 30 Nov-05
of tables Mar Jun Sept Dec
Data review and validation
Provincial Data Review nl 10th Mar 9th Jun 11th Sept 7th Dec
Submission of provincial report to 14 Mar 14 Jun 14 Sept 8 Dec
RSSO & CO-CSD (soft-copy)
Consolidation and pre-RDR at 15-18 Mar 15-19 Jun 15-19 Sept 8-11 Dec
RSSO
Submission of RSSO report to 27 Mar 26 Jun 25 Sept 14 Dec
CO (e-copy)
Regional Data Review 14-16 Apr 14-16 Jul 14-16 Oct 14-16 Dec
Submission of RDR results to CO 19 Apr 19 Jul 18 Oct 20 Dec
National Data Review 24-28 Apr 24-28 Jul 23-27 Oct 2-6 Jan
'18
Generation of statistical tables Apr Jul Oct Jan
Preparation and web posting of
Quarterly Bulletin
Major Non-Food & Industrial Crops nl 31 May nl 31 Aug nl 28 Nov nl 28 Feb
Quarterly Bulletin
Major Fruit Crops Quarterly nl 31 May nl 31 Aug nl 28 Nov nl 28 Feb
Bulletin
Major Vegetables & Rootcrops nl 31 May nl 31 Aug nl 28 Nov nl 28 Feb
Quarterly Bulletin

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Appendix B. Data Items for Submission

Survey Area Planted/Harvested Number of Bearing

Round Production Trees/Hills/Vines
Preliminary Final Preliminary Final Preliminary Final
February Jan-Mar Oct-Dec
Round July-Dec July-Dec July-Dec
Jan-Dec Jan-Dec Jan-Dec
May Apr-June
Round Jan-June Jan-June Jan-June

August July-Sep Apr-June Jan-

Round Jan-June Jan-June June

November Oct-Dec July-Sep

Round July-Dec July-Dec July-Dec
Jan-Dec Jan-Dec Jan-Dec

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Appendix C. Reports

Provincial Report on Production (Crops Compiling System)

45
 Crops Production Survey 2017

Appendix D. Reports

Provincial Report on Area and Number of Bearing Trees (Crops Compiling

System)

46
 Crops Production Survey 2017

Appendix E. Reports

Provincial Report on Production (Other Crops Compiling System)

47
 Crops Production Survey 2017

Appendix F. Reports

Provincial Report on Area and Number of Bearing Trees (Other Crops Compiling
System)

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 Crops Production Survey 2017

Appendix G. CrPS Form 1- Farmer/Producer Collection Form

CrPS FORM 1

AUTHORITY:
This survey is authorized under
Republic Act (RA) 10625. Republic of the Philippines PSA Approval No: PSA-1720
CONFIDENTIALITY: PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY
All data obtained herein shall be held Quezon City Expires on: 31 May 2018
STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL , cannot be
used for taxation, investigation, or law
enforcement purposes. CROPS PRODUCTION SURVEY
__________________ to __________________ 20_ _
Reference Period

Province:
Municipality: Page ____ of ____
VOLUME OF PRODUCTION AREA PLANTED/HARVESTED1/ NO. OF BEARING
CROP/
in kilograms in hectares TREES/HILLS/VINES
NAME OF Reason/s for Change
FARMER/PRODUCER Last Year This Year Last Year This Year Last Year This Year

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

CROP:

TOTAL

CROP:

TOTAL

CROP:

TOTAL

CROP:

TOTAL

CROP:

TOTAL

1/ area harvested for temporary crops; area planted for permanent crops

STATISTICAL RESEARCHER and FIELD SUPERVISOR IDENTIFICATION

1. NAME AND SIGNATURE OF STATISTICAL RESEARCHER: Contact Number: Date:

2. NAME AND SIGNATURE OF FIELD SUPERVISOR: Contact Number: Date:

49
 Crops Production Survey 2017

Appendix H. CrPS Form 2- Provincial Summary Form

CrPS Form 2
Provincial Summary Form

Republic of the Philippines

PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY
Quezon City

CROPS PRODUCTION SURVEY

__________________ to __________________ 20_ _
Reference Period
Province: Page ____ of ____
VOLUME OF PRODUCTION AREA PLANTED/HARVESTED1/ NO. OF BEARING
CROP/
in kilograms in hectares TREES/HILLS/VINES
NAME OF Reason/s for Change
MUNICIPALITY Last Year This Year Last Year This Year Last Year This Year

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

CROP:

TOTAL

% CHANGE

CROP:

TOTAL

% CHANGE

CROP:

TOTAL

% CHANGE

CROP:

TOTAL

% CHANGE

CROP:

TOTAL

% CHANGE

1/ area harvested for temporary crops; area planted for permanent crops

STATISTICAL RESEARCHER and FIELD SUPERVISOR IDENTIFICATION

1. NAME AND SIGNATURE OF STATISTICAL RESEARCHER: Contact Number: Date:

2. NAME AND SIGNATURE OF FIELD SUPERVISOR: Contact Number: Date:

50
/Philippine Statistics Authority /PSAgovph
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY
16th Floor, ETON Cyberpod Centris 3,
EDSA, Quezon City

www.psa.gov.ph