Programme: Human Resource Management 2024-26 (Term-I)

Course: Quantitative Techniques for Human Resource Management

Quiz-I
Paper CODE: 24YB26

Roll Number: ……………. Section: ……….

Total Marks: 10 Time: 25 Minutes

Please read the instructions carefully before answering the questions.

Instructions:

1. You may use your class notes, books and laptop. Mobile phones, iPads, the internet,
Bluetooth, etc., and any network and file sharing are strictly prohibited.

2. You cannot leave the Examination Hall before submitting both the question and
answer booklet.

3. One bonus mark will be awarded if there is no wrong answer in the entire answer
book, including a blank submission (subject to a maximum total of 10).

4. Please stop writing whenever invigilators ask to do so and hand over the question
paper and answer booklet without making them wait.

5. Please refrain from asking for any help from the invigilator during the examination.

6. Please uphold academic ethics in all forms.

7. A negative marking of -0.2 each is only applicable in MCQs.

8. No extra sheet will be provided.

9. All answers should be rounded off to three places to decimal.

1|Pa g e
 1. In a company's employee promotion problem, the probability of an employee being
promoted to a senior position is 0.3. Given that an employee is promoted, the
probability of being assigned to a critical project is 0.5. Further, given that an
employee is promoted and assigned to a critical project, the probability of receiving a
significant bonus is 0.8. What is the probability that an employee is promoted,
assigned to a critical project, and receives a significant bonus? (Marks-1)

To find the probability that an employee is promoted, assigned to a critical project, and
receives a significant bonus, we can use the chain rule for probabilities. Let's define the
events:

• 𝑃: Employee is promoted
• 𝐶: Employee is assigned to a critical project
• 𝐵: Employee receives a significant bonus

Following probabilities are given:

𝑃(𝑃) = 0.3; 𝑃(𝐶 ∣ 𝑃) = 0.5; 𝑃(𝐵 ∣ 𝑃 ∩ 𝐶) = 0.8

We need to find 𝑃(𝑃 ∩ 𝐶 ∩ 𝐵), which represents the probability that an employee is
promoted, assigned to a critical project, and receives a significant bonus. Using the rule of
compound probabilities:

𝑃(𝑃 ∩ 𝐶 ∩ 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝑃) × 𝑃(𝐶 ∣ 𝑃) × 𝑃(𝐵 ∣ 𝑃 ∩ 𝐶)

Substituting the given probabilities:

𝑃(𝑃 ∩ 𝐶 ∩ 𝐵) = 0.3 × 0.5 × 0.8 = 0.12

2. In a problem involving Performance Review and Promotion in a company, the

probability that an employee receives a good performance review (G) is influenced by
whether they attend regular training sessions (T) and whether they have a strong work
ethic (E). Assume that T and E are independent events. The probability that an
employee attends regular training sessions is 0.6, and that an employee has a strong
work ethic is 0.7. From company data, the following probabilities are known:
(𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 ∩ 𝐸) = 0.9; 𝑃(𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 ∩ 𝐸 𝐶 ) = 0.6; 𝑃(𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 𝐶 ∩ 𝐸) = 0.8; 𝑃(𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 𝑐 ∩ 𝐸 𝑐 ) = 0.4.
Given that an employee received a good performance review, what is the probability that they
attended regular training sessions and have a strong work ethic? (Marks-2)

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 To find the probability that an employee attended regular training sessions and has a
strong work ethic given that they received a good performance review, we can use Bayes'
theorem. We need to find 𝑃(𝑇 ∩ 𝐸 ∣ 𝐺), where:

• 𝑇: Employee attends regular training sessions

• 𝐸: Employee has a strong work ethic
• 𝐺: Employee receives a good performance review

Given probabilities: 𝑃(𝑇) = 0.6; 𝑃(𝐸) = 0.7; 𝑃(𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 ∩ 𝐸) = 0.9; 𝑃(𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 ∩ 𝐸 𝑐 ) =

0.6; 𝑃(𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 𝑐 ∩ 𝐸) = 0.8; (𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 𝑐 ∩ 𝐸 𝑐 ) = 0.4

First, we use the law of total probability to find 𝑃(𝐺):

𝑃(𝐺) = 𝑃(𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 ∩ 𝐸)𝑃(𝑇 ∩ 𝐸) + 𝑃(𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 ∩ 𝐸 𝑐 )𝑃(𝑇 ∩ 𝐸 𝑐 ) + 𝑃(𝐺

∣ 𝑇𝐶 ∩ 𝐸)𝑃(𝑇 𝑐 ∩ 𝐸) + 𝑃(𝐺 ∣ 𝑇 𝑐 ∩ 𝐸 𝑐 )𝑃(𝑇 𝑐 ∩ 𝐸 𝑐 )

Since T and E are independent events:

• 𝑃(𝑇 ∩ 𝐸) = 𝑃(𝑇)𝑃(𝐸); 𝑃(𝑇 ∩ 𝐸 𝑐 ) = 𝑃(𝑇)𝑃(𝐸 𝑐 ); 𝑃(𝑇 𝑐 ∩ 𝐸) = 𝑃(𝑇 𝑐 )𝑃(𝐸);

𝑃(𝑇 𝑐 ∩ 𝐸 𝑐 ) = 𝑃(𝑇 𝑐 )𝑃(𝐸 𝑐 ),

Also, 𝑃(𝑇 𝑐 ) = 1 − 𝑃(𝑇) = 1 − 0.6 = 0.4; 𝑃(𝐸 𝑐 ) = 1 − 𝑃(𝐸) = 1 − 0.7 = 0.3

Substituting the values, we have 𝑃(𝐺) = (0.9 × 0.6 × 0.7) + (0.6 × 0.6 × 0.3) +
(0.8 × 0.4 × 0.7) + (0.4 × 0.4 × 0.3) = 0.378 + 0.108 + 0.224 + 0.048 = 0.758

𝑃( 𝐺 ∣∣𝑇 ∩ 𝐸 )𝑃(𝑇∩𝐸) 0.378

Now, we use Bayes' theorem to find 𝑃( 𝑇 ∩ 𝐸 ∣ 𝐺 ) = =
𝑃(𝐺) 0.758

In R:
> round(0.378/0.758,3)
[1] 0.499

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3.1. The central box of a boxplot represents

A. Quartile Deviation
B. Interquartile Range
C. Median
D. Extreme Values
E. All of the above

Indicate the corresponding letter in the answer box. (Marks-1/2)

3.2. A company has created boxplots for employees' annual average daily time spent in the
office from two different departments. Which of the following cannot be directly
compared?

A. Extreme observations
B. Medians
C. Interquartile Ranges
D. Modes
E. Maximums and Minimums

Indicate the corresponding letter in the answer box. (Marks-1/2)

4.1. A pie chart shows the distribution of department budgets in a company. The
departments and their corresponding budget percentages are as follows: Marketing
(40%), Research and Development (25%), Operations (20%), Human Resources
(10%), and IT (5%). What is the sector's central angle (in degrees) representing
Operations?

A. 36°
B. 54°
C. 72°
D. 90°
E. 108°
Indicate the corresponding letter in the answer box. (Marks-1/2)
4.2. A pie chart displays the time allocation of a project manager's work week. The
segments are as follows: Meetings (35%), Project Planning (25%), Documentation
(15%), Team Coordination (20%), and Miscellaneous (5%). If the project manager
works a total of 40 hours a week, how many hours are spent on Documentation?

A. 4 hours
B. 6 hours
C. 8 hours
D. 10 hours
E. 12 hours
Indicate the corresponding letter in the answer box. (Marks-1/2)

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5. The data as in YB.csv encompasses information about employee ratings at various office
locations, particularly highlighting five offices in Canada [namely, TOR-Toronto, MKM-
Markham, CAL-Calgary, OTT-Ottawa and VAN-Vancouver] and three offices in the
United States [namely, NYC -New York, BOS-Boston, and PH- Philadelphia]. From the
given data, compute or estimate the following using R. (Marks 1x5)

i. Interquartile range of rating

ii.Total number of extreme observations outside the whiskers for the boxplot of rating
iii.
90th percentile of rating
iv.The probability of an employee rating is greater than eight, given the office location is
in Calgary.
v. The probability of an employee rating is less than eight, and the office location is in
New York.

file.choose()
SetYB = read.csv("…\\Quiz1\\YB.csv")
attach(SetYB)
View(SetYB)

## Use any one for (i) ---> Answer is 1.5

quantile(Rating, 0.75)- quantile(Rating, 0.25)
IQR(Rating)

## For (ii)---> Answer is 74

boxplot(Rating) ## extreme values in lower tail only
quantile(Rating, 0.25) -1.5*1.5 # 1.5 times down from 1st quartile is 5.25
length(Rating[Rating<5.25])

## For (iii)---> Answer is 9.5

quantile(Rating,0.9)

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### For (iv)----> P (Rating> 8 | OfficeCode = CAL) = 0.707
length(Rating) ### 10262
length(Rating[Rating>8]) #### 5503
length(OfficeCode[OfficeCode=="CAL"]) ### 1325

SS = subset(SetYB, Rating>8)
length(SS$OfficeCode[SS$OfficeCode =="CAL"]) ### 937
round(937/1325,3)

### For (v) ----> P (Rating < 8 intersection OfficeCode = NYC) = 0.114
SS1 = subset(SetYB, Rating<8)
length(SS1$OfficeCode[SS1$OfficeCode =="NYC"]) ### 1172
round(1172/10262,3)

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