0% found this document useful (0 votes)
1K views12 pages

Class 9 English Final Exam Doe 2022-2023

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
1K views12 pages

Class 9 English Final Exam Doe 2022-2023

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

No.

ofpages -12 (M)

COMMON ANNUAL scaooL EXAMINATioN c.2022-23)


CLASS: IX ·
SUBJ~CT: ENGLISH LANGUA<;;E & LITERATURE.(1.84)
Time Allow~d : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 80 .

GE~EBAL INSTRUCTIONS:
1. 15-minute prior reading time allotted for Q-paper reading.
/l
2. The Qu~stion Paper. contains THREE s·ections-READING, GRAMMAR &
WRITING and LITERATURE.
• Section A - Reading - 20 marks
• Section B-Writing Skill and Grammar . : 20 marks

• Section C-Literature -40 marks


3. Attempt questions based on specific instructions for each part ,and question.
. .

*******
i
l
SECTION-A (READING) (20 MARKS)
/ '

QI. Read the passage given below 10

I. . Held every year on 21 May, UNESCO leads the celebration of World


Day . · for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development
· highlighting not only the richness of the world's cultures, but also the
essential role qf i~tercultural dialogue for achieving peace and
sustainable·development.

II. - The pandemic. has proven .the intrinsic value of the cultural and
creative sector at generating social cohesion, educational resource or
personal well-being in times of crisis. It has also undermined the
sector's potential to generate economic growth, something which is
too often und~restimated.

·II[ With. the adoption in September 201~ _ of the 2030 Agen~a for
l

· Sustainable Development by the United Nations, and the resolutto~., on


Culture and Sustainable Development adopted by the UN General

IX-ENGLISH-M
I
f bl · D of the World . Day fo
Assem y _in ecember 2015, the message . . . r
Cultural Diversity c . 0 . d Developrnent is m . ore important
. 1or 1a1ogue an . (SDG ) b
than ever.(The 17 Sustainable Development Goals s can -~st be
achieved by drawing upon the creative potential of the world's diverse
cul~es and engaging in continuous dialogue to ensure that all
members of society.benefit from sustainable development.) ·
JV. . Bridging the gap between cultures is urgent and necessary for peace,
stability and development Cultural diversity is a driving force of
development, not only with respect to ·economic gro~h, but also as a
m:~ns of ~eading a more fulfilling intellectual, emotlona~, moral ·~nd
sp1n~al hfe. This is captured in the cul~re co~vent~ons, · which
p~ovi~e a_solid basis ·for the promotion of cultural diversity. ·c ul~~l
diversity 1s thus an asset that is indispensable for poverty reduction
and the achievement of sustainable development. . ·
V. At the same time, acceptance and recognition of cultural diversi_ty-in .
particular through· innovative use of media arid Information and
Communicatipns Technologies ·(ICTs) - are· conducive .to dialogue
.among ·civilizations and cultures, respect and mutual understanding. .
VI. In · 2001, UNESCO adopte·d the Un.iversal Declaration on -_Cultural
Diversity. Next, in December _2002, the UN General Assembly, in its
resolution 57/249, declared May 21 to be the _World Day for Cultural
Diversity_for Dialogue and Development, and ~n . 2015, (the Second
Conupittee of the UN G~neral Assemply unanimously adopted the
resolution: _on Culture and Sustainabl_e Development, affirming ·
culture's · contribution to the . three dimensions of sustainable
· development, a9knowleoging further the natural ·and cultural diversity
of the world, and recognizing that cultures and civilizations can
contribute to, and are crucial e~ablers of, sustainable development
VII. The day provides us with art opportunity to deepen our understanding .
.of the ,values of culturaJ diversity and t~ achieve the goals of the
l.JNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the
Diversity of Cult:urat Expressions ·adopted on 20 October 2005. ·
Adapted from: https://www.un.org/en/observance_s/cultural-diversity-day ·
.Based on your understanding of the passage answer the t· ·
. b 1- . ·. . .· . ' . ques ions given
e ow. · - lxlO
l.
'tile · · · ··
b•' Purp 08 f UNESCO leadmg the celebtati ·
lversity .tor . Iogue,and Development
.e oDia .f:'.
. · is to:on ,of World.Day fo~ Cul
. A) .
. ~- highlight the richness of the world_'s cultures
- ~)
highlight the essential ~ole of int~r~ulturai dialogue ·for achieving
· ·peace and sustainable development. _ .
C)
Both a and b
b) .
. ii-. ·S .
Prove the intrinsic value of cultures and:soc1·a1 · h · ·
. . _ co es10n .
elect the option that corresponds to the meaping of the following -sentence: 1
th
e ~andemic has proven 'the- intrinsic value of the cul~al and creative
sector t . .1 h . d .. . .
bei .a_~eneratliig ~ocia -co eswn, e uc_ational resource or personal well-
ng ll1 times of crisis. (Paragraph 2) . . .
A} ·. Th 1 .
e real worth of cultura sector at generating social -cohesion during
pandemic ·
B) ' .
The real worth of creative sector at generating social cohesion durin~,
pandemic · · ·

C) . The real worth .of creative ·sector at gen~rating educational r~source


·during panqemic · ·
. - .

.The .real _:worth of


cultural ~d creative sector at generating social
cohesion and educational resource during pandemic·
111. Select the . option that display~ . the sig:riificance . of Cultural sector
(Paragraph 2) · 1
. . .

A) Th~e cultural s·ector accounts for·6.2% of global GDP


.
0
B) · The cµltura_l sector accounts for 3.1 % of all employment
· C) . The cultural sector accounts for less than 3 1% of global GDP

D) The cultural sector accounts for 3.1 % of global GDP /'

How can 17 Sust~inable Dev.elopme~t Goals .(SDGs) be achieved?·· 1·


. JV .
~ is urgent and . necessary . for p~ace·, stability and
development. . I
Which. among the followi~g options is not correct? I
Vl ,
3
IX-ENGLJSR-M

I
L, u ll LIJ ... I -: -• • • •••t:;- 1 \. 11"""-' VI'-- '"" • · ~•......, _t'•• • --- -
- • . - - • l
' .
A) with n:.;;pc<..:t to economic growth.
B) . . in kaJ ing a mon.: fulfilling intcllcctuat .em
life.
o~ional, ·moral and spiritual
. ..
C) Both a and b
D) in leading ·a less fulfilling intellectual,· emotion
al, moral and spir itua l
life. .
v11. .In which y~ar. LN LSCO adnph:d the Univer
sal Declaration on Cul tura l
Divcrsitv?
.,
1
, A) . 200 I

8) 2002
· C) · 2005

D) 2015
v111. What was adopted by the second co·_mmittee of
the UN General Assembly in
201 5? . . 1
IX. W'hich wl, rd 111 Par~Jgraph ~ 1s an antonym .of the word "rejection': . 1
,_,,, A) Recl,gn-ition

,, 8) Inno \ at-i\ L'

C.) Conducive -
D) Accl.'ptancc

x. Complete th.: '"'II,)\\ ing :


1
· 'Nord in Paragraph I ·Meaning
\\
- - - · - - - - -- --- Variety .
\
)2. · Read the passag~ given bdow . .
10
· I. · The National Education Policy 2020 propos
es the rev1s1on and
. revan1ping of a!I aspects of education, includ
ing the educational
. stnJctun:. rl·gulatH ,ns and gn\'t:mancc, _to create a
new system which is
· .align d 'th the aspirational goals of 21 ·t . · ..
. e WI . I , . o, ~ C~ntu , . .
. to th - y by 2025. at east 50 ,, ,, of le· I) .students. -
According .
. e po 1ic ' l II arn~rs ti1 . . d
high er e d u cation system. s 1a ha ve cx 11 l)su1c . . ,to rough, the sch.ool .an .
1
for h' h a clear act10n Pan wi.th hru, . \ocat1onal education,
· w IC · · · · ' ~1..:t~ and ti111dincs are to be ·
developed . .
II. The policy aims to ovcrco.n1c the social .·t· : . . . . ·. . .
w·th t' al education ~nd integr•ui s_dllls hierarchy associated
. J . voca wn · . · • I I d · .:· .on °1 "ocat ional education into
mainstream education m a e u~at1onal · . · . · .
~anner Beginning· with vocational cxposu·. 1~1~t1tut1ons m ~ p~ased
·· - . ., . . ·· r~ at early ages m middle
and secon_dary school. qua 1_1ty \ ~cat1ona_l education will be irite ated
smoothly into school and h_igh~r education . gr
III. Every.
·
child will .learn
·.
at .h:ast
.
one .\· ocation
. . •
anll
-
.ts. ~-.xpose d .to . several .
~ore. This woul? lead to : cmP;~asi_ it~g the dignity of lab'our and
importance of vanous vocatwns in volvmg·. ln<liun ans and.artisanship.
IV. The development of vocational capaci·tic~ will' go hand in-hand with
the development of 'i:u:ademic· or pthlf cap~1~i11~~- To achieve this
obj~ctive, secondary schools will . ha,·~-to \.:ollahorat~ with Industrial
Training Institutes (ITls)~ Polytc~hni(~. Lo\.:al lndu!'\try. etc. Skill labs
will' also be set up and created in -thl' · ~choul~ in _a Hub and Spoke
model, which will allow other_school s lo usl th-.: fac_ility. Higher
education institutions ·will off~r \ C)('Jtional l'duc.1tillll ~ither -:- On their
own or.in partnership with inlfo;try"and utl11.:ri1~~tiluJinns . .
• • • • j • •

Source ·: NEP · 2020 : The global sc~nario of ~tud~nts m Vocational


Education Sector is·.displayed in ·the fo~lo.,\·ing· !:-rraph:
Global Scenario of Students in Vocational Education Sector

o,

100%
90% 75·1,

I .80%
70% '
~na,,,
,..',,,

ii
60% (•

50%
40% 30% 1·


30%

I
1
~ -.
20%
5% .
10% .
I

0%' ,.
South
I

lnd11 · Germany
Egypt · Denmark USA Korea
. -1

I,

. IX-ENGLISH-1\1
For visually challenged students· . .
- . . . · . in vano us countnes is as
percentage of students m Vocational Education · .
.
follows:
India 5%
Egypt 30%
Denmark ,
50%
USA 52%
Gennany 75%
South Korea
96%
Based on your · understanding of the Passage answer the q~estions
given below: · lxlO . ,
i) What does NEP 2020 propose to do? 1
'v A) the revision and revamping of all aspects of education
B) the revision and revamping of the educat_ional structure, regulati_ons
and governance
a
C) to create new.system which is aligned with the aspiratio·nal goals
of
21st century students ·
\.._:D) . All of the above.
' 11. Select the option .that corresponds to the meaning of the statement
below
"According· to the policy, by 2025, at least 50% of learners through
t~e
school and high education system shall have exposure to voca
tional
education:" ·
1
A) Minimum 50%.leamers shall .have exposure to tec.hnical education.
B) Maximum 50% ]earners shall have exposure to technical education
C) Minimum 50% learners shall have exposure to vocational education
,J)J Maximum 50% learners shall have ·e?(posure to vocational ·educa
tion
. 111. What 'is the aim .of the National Education Policy 20,70 ·with respe
ct to
vocational education? . . I .
1v. As per NEP 2020, vocational exposure will ~egin at early ages in
_ _ _. ]
v. NEP 2020 states that "This would lead to. emphasizing the dignity of labou
r
· and importance of various vocat~ons involving Indian arts and artisanship
. ''
(Paragraph 3)
1

·6
IX-ENGLISH-M
What is 'this' referred to?
, A) Exposure to vocational education.
13) · _. Expo~ure to technical education
C) Exposure tff high school education.
D) Exposure to university education .
VI.
Complete th·e 1.&-.ollowing analogy correctly • h
' Wit a word/phrase
paragraph 3. ·
Ra~ism: condemn:: _ _ _ : respect
(clue : Just 1ike racism should be condemned, ~imilarly . should be
respected). . . -_--'---
\/ 11.
As pet the Globaf scenario ~hich : 0 untry has th~ maximum per~entage of
students in Vocational Education? · .. · · 1
VUI. Secondary sc~ools will' collaborate with : 1
A) Only industrial Training Institutes
,, B) Only Polytechnics
C) Only Lo~al Industry

,_ - ! X .
. D)
'
. Industrial training institutes, polytechnics and local-industry
. .
As per the Global Scenario, which two countries have almost equal
. .

percentage of students in Vocational Education? • · 1


X. Which word in Paragraph 1 means .'new and improved form or structure'? 1
A) Revision B) Revamping
C) Governance _ J ) ) . Exposure ·
SECTION B-{GRAMMAR)
I
{10 marks)
I

Q3. Attempt ANY TEN of the following questions: · lxlO=lO


i) Fill in th~ blank by ch9osing the correct option. 1
This work ___ be completed in one day if you all work together .. ·
A) May_ · : . ,$) ·. Can .
C) ·w ould D) used to _

.j i ) ' . Read the conv,ersat.ioµ: ·between. a •teacher and her student. ·Complete the
s~ntence by reporting the students reply correct~y · 1
Teacher - Did you enjoy the school picnic?
Student- Yes-, I enjoyed it a lot.

7· IX-ENbt1s11.~
r .
.. ,• .
· . ed the school picnic,
. . to
0
The teacher asked the student whether he/she enJ Y · .· .. · l
which the·student replied .
----- 1
iii) Fill in the blank by ·choosing the correct optiot1: d t
. t0 the stu en S·.
The teacher ___ the process of photosynthesis
A) explain B) was explained .
. C) is explained · . . Df ·. has explained · , ·· .
·d h · d • mplete the sentence. l.
Rea_ t e conversation between two friends an _co
.I • • •
· · ·. · ..
Sapna: At what time did you get up?
Parag: I got up at 6 am
Sapna asked Parag atwhat time had he got up. Parag replied'th ~1-·-· - -
v) · . Select the option that identifies the error and:supplies ,the correction for the
following line: ·· . · · ·· . · ·1
In olden days, people.,used to travelled by bullock cart~
Option No. Error Correction
,A · used ·u se
B 1n .on
·c days .·· day
D travelled · travel /

vi) · Fill in the blank by' using the correct form of the .w ord:tn the bracket. 1
✓ Sulekha -is about to · (left) forthe railw~y station as she has to catch an
early moming train. · ·
· , vii) Report the dialogue · between a, mother and her son by completing the
sentence: 1.
Mother: Where are you going?
· Suraj : I am going to attend a seminar.
The mother asked Suraj where he was going. Suraj replied that
----
viii) Identify the error in the given sentence and supply the correction : ·. 1 .
Education affect the(chances/of el!lployment for people.
/ Error I Correction ·

.' 8
IX~ENGLISH-M
::;. ·9 SW,

1
ix) h . .
Pili.1 the blank by choosing t e correct option:
11 - re. s.
We ~ resp·ect all the cultu
could
A) . can ··
B)
· D ) ' · sl\ould · -·

~ ·~ ) may~
t a vacation in paris. ·
~ -w ith A ftab ab ou
e informatio
~ - ·Monika sh~red ~om 1.
.Report Aftab' s question :
·Did you enjoy tr~velling·by
air?
ke .
t;
r
the brac
·xi)- . _Fill _in the blank by using the correct form of the word in
-!he~ . (fight) over petty issues:
ing B ) . · are fighting
A) -·w as fight
D) has fough_t
C)'- fights
en t an d write its corr~cti~n:

l
·
xii) identify the e~ or fro m the state m
e ght . .
The·1ugg age is m issed from th fli
_ _ _ ·.--+1 -C_o_
r
·r_e_ct_io_n___:__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
/~E_-rr_o_r_ _ · ______

N -8 C R E A T IV E W R IT ING (10 marks)


, ) SECTIO .
. 5
m A and B gi ve n- be low :·
~Q4. Attempt ANY ONE fro s gr an ds on ho w to ride a . bicycle.
andfather teac hing hi
- A. ·· · A You sa ~ a gr ur ow n w or ds in 100.--120 words. ·
Describe th e scen e irt yo
, OR
po .le ·an d fe ll ba dl y. • A lady _helped you
. W hi le ridin g a bicycle, you hit the he r ge stu re in 100-120 ,words.
B escrib e th e la dy an d
and·· deaned the wound. D 5
B gi ve n be lo w .
Q5. Attem pt A\ NY.O.NE from A. and . .
.
d a po em re ci ta tio n in class for which yo
yo u are Siniran/ Suraj. You ha lea?1 t yo ur fav~rite. poem by hea::
. A. . rvou s. Y ou ha d
.·were very excite~ and ne ~t e a di ar y entry in 100-120 Words
tifully . .
-W
_and p~rfonned it ~eau
descnb1ng your day.
OR
n th e cu pb oa rd . _W hile cl ea~ing it, Ba .
ea
Hari 's mother a~ked h!m to cle opening hnes, wnte a ~tory 1n abqut 1O~..saw
B. th
something.... Usirg this ·as . 120
·
words

9
I
\

·
SECTION-C LITEM
Q6. .Reference_to th~ context. .
Attempt ANY ONE of the two extracts g, iven
below:
g rnusicians · Ann Richr
· ·
lxs~s
I
• ·. . · c. youtl · • · h 1·nin o i · . in of
She aJso gives high priority to classes J.or ·,,5he 1s a s · t:, nspiration £
the Beethoven fund for Deaf children says, that theY cannot. go:" or
· ·
deaf children. They see that there is nowhere. · .? ·
. ·. . f htldrell-
i) Wh_o. is the source of inspiration for dea . c . va
·1- , .
. B) 1
~J.1e
.AY'_ _Evelyn .· · .
D(:· Margie
C) . Kevin ·~ )
ii) Who spotted ·her potential? l
. B) · Her mother
~ / Her father ·
C) · Her friends . D) Ron Forbes
111. Fill in the blank with 0I1:e word only. ·
.She was a leading percussionist despit~ being - -
iv) How did 'she' motivate deaf children? . . , l
v) What mes.sage does 'she' want to spread through her music? l
A) · Love, peace and happiness B) Music is not _difficult
·c) Deafpeople can ·leam music D)' · Pl~y-all musical instruments
OR ·
I find it difficult to. tear .myself away from the square. Flute music always
does this to .me, it is one of the most universal and most particula~ of sounds.
There is no culture that does not have its flute.
i) Who is 'I' ref~rred. to h~re : · 1
.0 5· Bismillah Khan B) Ron Forbes
C} ·v ikram Seth . D) Abdul Kalam
ii) Why co~l@ 't the sp~aker.te~~ h~mselfaway from the square? 1
iii) According to ·the 1
. extract, which is one .of the•most · · sa1.of sounds?
_ un1ver .·
A) Violin music
. . .
~BY Flute m. USlC·
. .
~ C) Shehnai music .
- . ..? D) Xylophone music .
iv) - Where is the speaker trave 11_1ng to. 1
/ A) Ben·aras B) . ·London
C) Bihar D) T7
~athm andu
. . .
v) ~ .
fl -
llte Sell - h. i,
stucked like
--8.) ~r had a pole o~ w tc1, many utes were_
e . . l;l) Th orhs _ _,--
C) . . Qu ills of a p~ ocu pm
· .· · D)_ . for ks '
Q7. A.t i , Ne edl es . .
given below:
_~. einpt ANY ONE of the two extracts
-cham"er bed
What a bliss to press the PiU0 w . Of a .·cottage- "' · - · ··-
And·he listening to the patter . ._Of the .so ft rain-overhead-!
_i) .
. Wlio ·is listening to the patter? ·_
J\J.. The Child B) . The -Poet
The Father .
C) ' The Mother I . . . . . , . . DJ
'.I

ut? \ · 1
ii>.. : ~ at ~bliss is the po' t talking abo : ·l
ant by 'p~ tte r of the sof t rai n ov erh ead'?
~ji~ ·-. -~~ tis me
soft sound of raindrops B) harsh sound of raindrops
·A)
ofund thu nd er D) sound of lightning _
C) ·So
the sec ond l~ne of the stanza?_ ., 1
fig ure of spe ech is .us ed in
- iv) · Whic~
B) M~taphor
A) Alliteration
ile D) Persqnjfication
C)
,,,..,. ~
.. Sim . . .
1
e of the stanza i~_ - _ _
v) Th~ rhyme schem
OR
" ... No· motion has she now, ·no-force-
Sh1e neither hears nor sees. '
;
Rolled round iri earth's diurnal course
With rocks .and stones .and-trees."
.,

e po et say s so bec ause she: I


i) · · 'She neithe~ he~ rs no r see s'. Th
B) can't hear •
A) can.Jt see
b th & _b D) - is no more alive
C) . o a
e' now mo ves with_ _ I
ii) . Ac cor din g to the poe m, 'sh
13) people
A) · rocks, _sto~es and trees
rce and det erm ina tio n D) earth's dium·a1 course
I..' :.i ,C } °fo
al' her e me ans :_1 1
~it) r;· . th e wo rd 'di urn
B) Twice a day
A) Da ily ·
D) - Weekly
C) Twice a we ek

11 IX-ENGLJSlf.l\f
~ W}lo is 'sh~ ' referred t · here? - ·
s~., iV)
v)
. St~te _
h h
w et er the follow· _ · ·
The poet see s her 'lo. Veding
o .
statement is True or False.
.
·
. .1
1
illl.... on ,
,, e as part of nature. · . .
Answer AN Y FOU R_ 40-50
.,. Q8, ords each: . .of the following questions in about (4x 3-
W · ·
. . . -12 )
'Even ~he Me cha nic al t fe~ t•. Give example from the story .
i) _ 'Th e fun the y had ' to e:c her s are not per
.... . 3
~ What dou bt did th ~ p ove the stat em ent ngh t. ·
tak en'? Did he ..
ii) . t . d ..1on e poet have 'in the. poe.m · 'Th e Roa d not .
arnve a any ecis ?• un.. 3
~ . vv ny or -Why not? . · · · .
" . . ·
iii) How did Ab dul.t:'. Ka i am , s 1ath er react when he sought permission to ·leave
· . .
~
i:
__. h
. Rames wa ram 1or ·further stud.1es? Explain .
.
·
.
.
3
'd S • · the ·poe m "A egen . o t e l d f h
d1 t Pet er curse .the wo · man . in
iv) Wh . Y
rthl · d"? ain
El . . 3
,_;,,'
No an ,. • uc1date. . .
ffl · 'If.I were you' '?.
· to wh om in
I v) . 'Th
What 1
ey
d
can
.d 't
the
han
spe
g llle
. . . ce
~ke
twi
r me.an?
, .· Wh o ·. this
said
·
· and
. · · 3 .J
·l
I ✓

Q9. Answer AN Y TW O · of the following questio


each. • · ·
ns in ~bout 40-50 .words
. (2x3=6) ·
3
and how did he react?
i) What did Ma hen dra see .on a full moon night
cheer(ul. Wh at did . she .do?
'ii) Sue ma de sev era l ~fforts :to keep Johnsy -· · . 3
Elaborate. - •. .
y did the mo the r rus h bac k to the hou s~ again in the sto ry."A house is not
iii) Wh 3
through at tha t point?
a hom e"? Wh at em otio n would she _b e go_ing 6·
. An swe r ·AN Y ON E ·o f the foll owi ng qu~stions ·in about 100-.120-words:
QIO
this is ·H ind ust an' s richest
"All I wo.u ld say is, Teach your children music,
learn our · music". Describe the
tradition, eve n the we sf is now coming to
trib utio n of Ust ad Bis mil lah Kh an in the field of music. (Toe ·Sourtd of
con

I MusiC).
OR
redient for solving a problem
"Pr ese nce of min d is an · importan~ in_g
w ~f." ~f :"e re yo u_".
suc ces sfu lly" Ela bor ate this sta te~ ent 1n v~e 6
AN Y ON E of the follo,wmg que stio ns m about 100-120 words
Qll . Answ er - , ·
her e and foo lish ness is our greatest ene my "_ ..
· "W' ,d . · hip p
. ed eve ryw
is om is wors ve statement .in . . of th e story "In th e. k.ing.d om . of
Ela bor ate the , abo view .
~ .
.

fools". OR
onn a
· · .. f "Th e :eeggar"; that ·society has the pow er to ref
O
Exp lain on the bas is .

man.
IX~ENGLISH-M
12

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy