Present Perfect Tense

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Form: [has/ have + past participle]

Examples:
I have bought a camera.
She has watched the movie already.

Use:
I. Unspecified Time Before Now
Actions happened without a specific time and exact time.
Common expressions: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already,
yet.

Examples:
I have seen that movie twenty times.
I think I have met him once before.

II. To describe a certain experience

Examples:
I have been to France.
• This means that you have had the experience of being in France. Maybe you have
been there once, or several times.
I have been to France three times.
• You can add the number of times at the end of the sentence.
I have never been to France.
• This means that you have not had the experience of going to France.

III. To describe a change over time

Examples:
You have grown since the last time I saw you.
The government had become more interested in arts education.

IV. An uncompleted action you are expecting

Present perfect tense suggests that we are still waiting for the action to happen.

Examples:
James has not finished his homework yet.
Tom has still not arrived.
Exercise 1
Write a suitable sentence using the present perfect tense.

Example:
Ann’s hair was dirty. Now it’s clean. (wash)
Ann has washed her hair.

1. Tom was 80kg. Now he’s 70. (lose weight)

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2. Bill played football yesterday. Now he can’t walk, his leg is injured. (break)

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3. My sister is looking for her pen. (lose)

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4. Mary is on holiday in France. (go)

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5. Mr. Chan was in Canada last week. He’s back in London now. (be)

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6. Look! Mrs. So has got a lot of packages. (buy)

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7. I can’t eat anything now. (eat too much)

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8. Mrs. Lee is very tired. (clean the house)

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9. Tony needs a holiday. (work/ hard/ this year)

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10. John knows how to speak French now. (learn)

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Exercise 2
Follow the example and write a suitable sentence using ALREADY.

Example:
Bring the milk in, please.
I have ALREADY brought it in.

1. You must find the tickets soon.

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2. Turn the radio down, please.

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3. Tidy your room.

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4. Could you post the letters, please?

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5. Why don’t you see a doctor?

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6. You have a bad cough. I think you should stop smoking.

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7. Why don’t you clean your shoes?

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8. Brush your teeth, will you?

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9. We have guests today. Shall we make a cake?

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10. We should invite Mary to the party.

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Exercise 3
Follow the example and write a suitable sentence using YET.

Example:
She has been in the shop. (buy anything)
She has been in the shop but she hasn’t bought anything YET.

1. I’ve written to them three times. (not reply)

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2. I’ve asked you again and again. (not do it)

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3. I lent him $10 last month. (not return)

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4. He lost his pen a week ago. (not find it)

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5. He borrowed my book last year. (not give it back)

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6. She went to New York six months ago. (not come back)

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7. She was in the kitchen the whole afternoon. (not finish cooking)

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8. I finished reading my library book a long time ago. (not return)

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9. She went to the bus stop half an hour ago. (the bus/ not come)

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10. He’s still studying that lesson. (not learn it)

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Exercise 4
Fill in the blanks with simple past tense or present perfect tense.

1. ______________ Tim ______________________ (finish) his work yet?

2. ______________ he ______________________ (finish) it yesterday?

3. They _________________________ (just/ go) out.

4. They ______________________ (go) out a minute ago.

5. ______________ Ann ______________________ (study) yesterday afternoon?

6. ______________ you ______________________ (send) the letters yet?

7. ______________ she ______________________ (call) him a week ago?

8. They ______________________ (not see) the film yet.

9. The train ______________________ (just/ arrive).

10. ______________ you ______________________ (ever/ be) in a TV studio?

11. ______________ you and Tom ______________________ (enjoy) the party last night?

12. ______________ you ______________________ (not finish) school last year?

13. I ______________________ (lose) my dictionary. I can’t find it anywhere.

14. His hair looks short. He ______________________ (have) a haircut.

15. When ___________________________ (he/ give up) smoking?

16. Jane ______________________ (buy) her car two weeks ago.

17. My bicycle isn’t here. Somebody ______________________ (take) it.

18. Why ______________ Jim ___________________ (not play) tennis last Friday?

19. The car looks clean. _____________ you ____________________ (wash) it?

20. When we were on holiday, the weather ______________________ (be) terrible.

Exercise 5
Fill in the blanks with simple past tense or present perfect tense.

1. I ________________________________ (not attend) any parties since I came here.

2. I ________________ (go) to a party at Sally's apartment last Saturday night.

3. Bill ____________________________ (arrive) here three days ago.

4. Bill ____________________ (be) here since the 22nd.

5. Try not to be absent from class again for the rest of the term. You

_________________________ (miss, already) too many classes. You

________________________ (miss) two classes just last week.

6. Last January, I ____________________ (see) snow for the first time in my life.

7. In her whole lifetime, she ______________________ (see, never) snow.

8. I _______________________________ (know) her for ten years.

9. So far this week, I _________________________ (have) two tests and a quiz.

10. Up to now, Professor Wong _______________________ (give) our class five tests.

11. The science of medicine _________________ (advance) a great deal in the 19th century.

12. Since the beginning of the 20th century, medical scientists ____________________

(make) many important discoveries.

Present Perfect Tense

Exercise 1
1. Tom has lost weight.
2. Bill has broken his leg.
3. My sister has lost her pen.
4. Mary has gone to France.
5. Mr. Chan has been in Canada.
6. Mrs. So has bought a lot of packages.
7. I have eaten too much.
8. Mrs. Lee has cleaned the house.
9. Tony has worked hard this year.
10. John has learnt/learned French.

Exercise 2
1. I have already found it.
2. I have already turned it down.
3. I have already tidied it.
4. I have already posted them.
5. I have already seen a doctor.
6. I have already stopped smoking.
7. I have already cleaned them.
8. I have already brushed them.
9. I have already made it.
10. I have already invited her.

Exercise 3
1. I’ve written to them three times but they haven’t replied yet.
2. I’ve asked you again and again but you haven’t done it yet.
3. I lent him $10 last month but he hasn’t returned it yet.
4. He lost his pen a week ago but he hasn’t found it yet.
5. He borrowed my book last year but he hasn’t given it back yet.
6. She went to New York six months ago but she hasn’t come back yet.
7. She was in the kitchen the whole afternoon but she hasn’t finished cooking yet.
8. I finished reading my library book a long time ago but I haven’t returned it yet.
9. She went to the bus stop half an hour ago but the bus hasn’t come yet.
10. He’s still studying that lesson but he hasn’t learnt/learned it yet.

Exercise 4
1. Has finished
2. Did finish
3. have just gone
4. went
5. Did study
6. Have sent
7. Did call
8. have not seen
9. had just arrived
10. Have ever been
11. Did enjoy
12. Didn’t finish
13. have lost
14. has had
15. did he give up
16. bought
17. had taken
18. didn’t play
19. Have washed
20. was

Exercise 5
1. have not attended
2. went
3. arrived
4. has been
5. have already missed, missed
6. have seen
7. has never seen
8. have known
9. have had
10. has given
11. has advanced
12. have made