PAKAN INTENATIONAL SCHOOL AL-HARAMAIN CAMPUS,

ISLAMABAD
Grade: Nine Subject:
Sure! Here’s a simplified explanation of tenses with examples that would be helpful
for Grade 9 students in Pakistan.

### **Tenses Overview**

Tenses show the time of action, such as past, present, or future. Understanding
tenses is crucial in forming correct sentences. We have three main types of tenses,
and each one has four forms.

### **1. Present Tense**

#### a. **Present Simple (Indefinite) Tense**

- **Usage:** Used for actions that happen regularly, facts, or habits.
- **Structure:** Subject + base form of the verb (add “s” or “es” with he/she/it)

**Examples:**
1. I play cricket every day.
2. She eats breakfast at 8 AM.
3. They go to school by bus.
4. The sun rises in the east.
5. We study English on Mondays.
6. He works hard.
7. Cats like milk.
8. Water boils at 100°C.
9. She reads a book every night.
10. Birds fly in the sky.

#### b. **Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense**

- **Usage:** Used for actions happening right now or around the current time.
- **Structure:** Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing

**Examples:**
1. I am reading a book now.
2. She is cooking dinner.
3. They are playing football.
4. We are studying for exams.
5. He is watching TV.
6. The children are making noise.
7. She is writing a letter.
8. They are learning English.
9. I am talking to my friend.
10. The dog is barking loudly.

#### c. **Present Perfect Tense**

- **Usage:** Used for actions that happened at some time in the past but are
important now, or actions that started in the past and continue now.
- **Structure:** Subject + has/have + past participle

**Examples:**
1. I have finished my homework.
2. She has visited Lahore.
3. They have played cricket.
4. We have seen that movie.
5. He has lost his keys.
6. I have eaten lunch.
7. She has bought a new car.
8. They have gone to the market.
9. We have learned our lesson.
10. He has completed the project.

#### d. **Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense**

- **Usage:** Used for actions that started in the past and are still happening.
- **Structure:** Subject + has/have been + verb-ing

**Examples:**
1. I have been reading this book for two hours.
2. She has been cooking since morning.
3. They have been playing football for three hours.
4. We have been studying English since 8 AM.
5. He has been working here for five years.
6. The children have been making noise all day.
7. She has been writing letters all afternoon.
8. They have been learning English for a year.
9. I have been talking to him for an hour.
10. The dog has been barking for a long time.

### **2. Past Tense**

#### a. **Past Simple (Indefinite) Tense**

- **Usage:** Used for actions that happened and finished in the past.
- **Structure:** Subject + past form of the verb

**Examples:**
1. I played cricket yesterday.
2. She visited her grandmother last week.
3. They went to school by bus.
4. We studied English last night.
5. He worked in the garden.
6. I ate lunch at 2 PM.
7. She bought a new dress.
8. They saw a movie.
9. We learned our lesson.
10. He completed the project on time.

#### b. **Past Continuous (Progressive) Tense**

- **Usage:** Used for actions that were happening at a certain time in the past.
- **Structure:** Subject + was/were + verb-ing

**Examples:**
1. I was reading a book when you called.
2. She was cooking dinner when the doorbell rang.
3. They were playing football at 5 PM.
4. We were studying when the power went out.
5. He was watching TV all evening.
6. The children were making noise during the class.
7. She was writing a letter when it started to rain.
8. They were learning English when I arrived.
9. I was talking to my friend when the teacher came in.
10. The dog was barking all night.

#### c. **Past Perfect Tense**

- **Usage:** Used for actions that were completed before another action in the past.
- **Structure:** Subject + had + past participle

**Examples:**
1. I had finished my homework before dinner.
2. She had visited Lahore before she moved to Karachi.
3. They had played cricket before it started to rain.
4. We had seen the movie before it was released in cinemas.
5. He had lost his keys before he found them in his pocket.
6. I had eaten lunch before you arrived.
7. She had bought the dress before the sale ended.
8. They had gone to the market before it closed.
9. We had learned our lesson before the test.
10. He had completed the project before the deadline.

#### d. **Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense**

- **Usage:** Used for actions that were happening continuously up to a certain point
in the past.
- **Structure:** Subject + had been + verb-ing

**Examples:**
1. I had been reading that book for two hours before you called.
2. She had been cooking since morning before she took a break.
3. They had been playing football for three hours before it started to rain.
4. We had been studying English for weeks before the exam.
5. He had been working here for five years before he resigned.
6. The children had been making noise all day before the teacher arrived.
7. She had been writing letters all afternoon before she stopped.
8. They had been learning English for a year before they took the test.
9. I had been talking to him for an hour before the meeting started.
10. The dog had been barking for a long time before the owner took it inside.

### **3. Future Tense**

#### a. **Future Simple (Indefinite) Tense**

- **Usage:** Used for actions that will happen in the future.
- **Structure:** Subject + will/shall + base form of the verb

**Examples:**
1. I will play cricket tomorrow.
2. She will visit her grandmother next week.
3. They will go to school by bus.
4. We will study English tonight.
5. He will work in the garden.
6. I will eat lunch at 2 PM.
7. She will buy a new dress.
8. They will see a movie.
9. We will learn our lesson.
10. He will complete the project on time.
#### b. **Future Continuous (Progressive) Tense**
- **Usage:** Used for actions that will be happening at a certain time in the future.
- **Structure:** Subject + will be + verb-ing

**Examples:**
1. I will be reading a book at 8 PM tonight.
2. She will be cooking dinner when I arrive.
3. They will be playing football at 5 PM tomorrow.
4. We will be studying for the exam all day.
5. He will be watching TV in the evening.
6. The children will be making noise during the party.
7. She will be writing a letter when you visit her.
8. They will be learning English next year.
9. I will be talking to him when you arrive.
10. The dog will be barking at strangers.

#### c. **Future Perfect Tense**

- **Usage:** Used for actions that will be completed before a certain time in the
future.
- **Structure:** Subject + will have + past participle

**Examples:**
1. I will have finished my homework by dinner time.
2. She will have visited Lahore before moving to Karachi.
3. They will have played cricket before it starts to rain.
4. We will have seen the movie before it is released in cinemas.
5. He will have lost his keys before he finds them.
6. I will have eaten lunch before you arrive.
7. She will have bought the dress before the sale ends.
8. They will have gone to the market before it closes.
9. We will have learned our lesson before the test.
10. He will have completed the project before the deadline.
#### d. **Future Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense**
- **Usage:** Used for actions that will be happening continuously up to a certain
point in the future.
- **Structure:** Subject + will have been + verb-ing

**Examples:**
1. I will have been reading that book for two hours by the time you call.
2. She will have been cooking since morning by the time she finishes.
3. They will have been playing football for three hours before it starts to rain.
4. We will have been studying English for weeks by the time of the exam.
5. He will have been working here for five years by the time he resigns.
6. The children will have been making noise all day by the time the teacher arrives.
7. She will have been writing letters all afternoon by the time you visit.
8. They will have been learning English for a year by the time they take the test.
9. I will have been talking to him for an hour by the time the meeting starts.
10. The dog will have been barking for a long time by the time the owner takes it
inside.

This simplified and thorough explanation, with examples, should make it easier for
your Grade 9 students in Pakistan to understand and use tenses correctly.