1 KKKQ2023 Engineering statistics

Exercises Chapter 11: Regression

1. The following table presents the highway gasoline mileage performance and engine
displacement for DamlerChrysler vehicles for model year 2005 (source: U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency).
a) Fit a simple linear model relating highway miles per gallon (y) to engine
displacement (x) in cubic inches using least squares.
b) Find an estimate of the mean highway gasoline mileage performance for a car
with 150 cubic inches engine displacement.
c) Obtain the fitted value of y and the corresponding residual for a car, the Neon,
with an engine displacement of 122 cubic inches.
d) Test for significance of regression using   0.01. Find the p – value for this test.
What conclusions can you reach?
e) Test H0: β1 = −0.05 versus H1: β1 < −0.05 using α = 0.01 and draw conclusions.
What is the P-value for this test?
f) Test the hypothesis H0: β0 = 0 versus H1: β0 ≠ 0 using α = 0.01. What is the P-
value for this test?
g) Determine the coefficient of determination and conclude your findings.
h) Determine the correlation of coefficient? Interpret it.
(i) Find a 95% confidence interval for slope.
(j) Find a 95% confidence interval for intercept.

Engine
MPG
Carline Displacement
(highway)
(in3)
300C/SRT-8 215 30.8
CARAVAN 2WD 201 32.5
CROSSFIRE ROADSTER 196 35.4
DAKOTA PICKUP 2WD 226 28.1
DAKOTA PICKUP 4WD 226 24.4
DURANGO 2WD 348 24.1
GRAND CHEROKEE 2WD 226 28.5
GRAND CHEROKEE 4WD 348 24.2
LIBERTY/CHEROKEE 2WD 148 32.8
LIBERTY/CHEROKEE 4WD 226 28
NEON/SRT-4/SX 2.0 122 41.3
PACIFICA 2WD 215 30
PACIFICA AWD 215 28.2
PT CRUISER 148 34.1
RAM 1500 PICKUP 2WD 500 18.7
RAM 1500 PICKUP 4WD 348 20.3
SEBRING 4-DR 165 35.1
STRATUS 4-DR 148 37.9
TOWN & COUNTRY 2WD 148 33.8
VIPER CONVERTIBLE 500 25.9
WRANGLER/TJ 4WD 148 26.4
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2. The number of pounds of steam used per month by a chemical plant is thought to be
related to the average ambient temperature (in °F) for that month. The past year's usage and
temperatures are in the following table:

Month Temp. Usage/1000 Month Temp. Usage/1000

Jan. 21 185.79 July. 68 621.55
Feb. 24 214.47 Aug. 74 675.06
Mar. 32 288.03 Sept. 62 562.03
Apr. 47 424.84 Oct. 50 452.93
May 50 454.58 Nov. 41 369.95
June 59 539.03 Dec. 30 273.98

(a) Assuming that a simple linear regression model is appropriate, fit the regression
model relating steam usage to the average temperature . What is the
estimate of ?

(b) What is the estimate of expected steam usage when the average temperature is
55°F?
(c) What change in mean steam usage is expected when the monthly average
temperature changes by 1°F?
(d) Suppose that the monthly average temperature is 47°F. Calculate the fitted value of
and the corresponding residual
(e) Test for significance of regression using . What is the -value for this
test? State the conclusions that result from this test.

(f) Estimate the standard errors of the slope and intercept.

(g) Test the hypothesis versus using . Find the -

value for this test.

(h) Test versus using . Find the -value for this test
and draw conclusions.

i) Determine the coefficient of determination and conclude your findings.

j) Determine the correlation of coefficient? Interpret it.

(k) Find a 99% confidence interval for slope.

(l) Find a 99% confidence interval for intercept.
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3. An article in the Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division [“Least Squares

Estimates of BOD Parameters” (1980, Vol. 106, pp. 1197-1202)] took a sample from the
Holston River below Kingport, Tennessee, during August 1977. The biochemical oxygen
demand (BOD) test is conducted over a period of time in days. The resulting data follow:

Time (days): 1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

BOD (mg/liter): 0.6 0.7 1.5 1.9 2.1 2.6 2.9 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.8

(a) Assuming that a simple linear regression model is appropriate, fit the regression model
relating BOD to the time . What is the estimate of ?

(b) What is the estimate of expected BOD level when the time is 15 days?

(c) Suppose that the time used is six days. Calculate the fitted value of and the
corresponding residual.

(d) Test for significance of regression using . Find the -value for this test. What
conclusions can you draw?
(e) Estimate the standard errors of the slope and intercept.
(f) Test the hypothesis that .
(g) Determine the coefficient of determination and conclude your findings.
(h) Determine the correlation of coefficient? Interpret it.
(i) Find a 99% confidence interval for slope.
(j) Find a 99% confidence interval for intercept.