EC3354 - SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

UNIT I

PART-A (2 Marks)
1. Define Signal.
2. Define system.
3. What are the major classifications of the signal?
4. Define discrete time signals and classify them.
5. Define continuous time signals and classify them.
6. Define discrete time unit step &unit impulse.
7. Define continuous time unit step and unit impulse.
8. Define unit ramp signal.
9. Define periodic signal and non-periodic signal.
10. Define even and odd signal ?
11. Define Energy and power signal.
12. Define unit pulse function.
13. Define continuous time complex exponential signal.
14. What is continuous time real exponential signal.
15. What is continuous time growing exponential signal?
16. State the BIBO criterion for stability.
17. Find whether the signal given by x (n) = 5cos (6 _n) is periodic
18. Write down the exponential form of the Fourier series representation of a
Periodic signal?
19. Write down the trigonometric form of the fourier series representation of a
periodic signal?
20. Write short notes on dirichlets conditions for fourier series.
21. State Time Shifting property in relation to fourier series.
22. State parseval’s theorem for continuous time periodic signals.

Part B

1. Determine whether the following systems are linear,time invariant,causal ,stable.

2. Determine whether the following systems are linear or not

dy(t) / dt + 3ty(t) = t2x(t) & y(n)=2x(n)+ 1 / x(n-1)

3. Explain the classification of signals with examples

4. Determine whether the following systems are Time-Invarient or not

Y(t) = t x(t) & y(n) = x(2n)

5. (a) Find whether the signal x(t) = 2 cos (10 t+1) – sin(4t-1) is periodic or not.

(6) Evaluate Σ n=( -∞ to ∞) e2n δ (n-2)

(7) Find the fundamental period of the Continuous time signal

8. a) Define an energy and power signal. (4)

b) Determine whether the following signals are energy or power and calculate their
energy and power.
i) x(n)=(1/2)nu(n) (4)
ii) x(t)=rect(t/To) (4)
iii) x(t)=cos (Ωt)
2
(4)
9. a) Define unit step, ramp, pulse, impulse and exponential signals. Obtain the relationship
between the unit step and unit ramp function. (10)
b) Find the fundamental period T of the signal
x(n)=cos(nπ/2)-sin(nπ/8)+3cos(nπ/4+π/3) (6)
10. a)write about the elementary continuous time signal in detail.
b) Determine the power and RMS value of the following signals.
i) x1(t)=5cos(50t+π/3)
ii) x2(t)= 20cos50tcos15t
11. a)Determine whether the following systems are linear or non-linear
 𝑑𝑦(𝑡)
i) +3ty(t) = t2x(t)
𝑑𝑡
1
ii) y(n)=2x(n)+𝑥(𝑛−1) (8)

b) Determine whether the following systems are time variant 0r time -invariant.
i) y(t)=tx(t)
ii)y(n)=x(2n) (8)
12.. Determine whether the systems described by the following input-output equations are
linear, dynamic, causal and time variant.
i) y1(t)=x(t-3)+(3-t)
𝑑𝑥(𝑡)
ii) y2(t)= 𝑑𝑡

iii) y1(n)=nx(n)+bx2(n)
iv) Even{x(n-1)} (16)

13. Determine the following signals are energy or power signals

1
i)x(n)=(4)n u(n)

ii)x(n)=sin(πn/3) (16)

14. a) Determine whether the following signal is periodic. If periodic , determine the
fundamental period:
X(t)=3cost+4cos(t/2)
X(t)=cos60πt+sin50πt (8)
b) Give the equation and draw the waveform of discrete time real and complex exponential
signals. (8)

15. (i) Find whether the signal x(t) = 2cos(10t+1)-sin(4t-1) is Periodic or not. (4)
(ii) Find ∑∞
−∞ 𝑒
2𝑛
δ(n-2) (3)
 (iii) List the Properties of unit impulse function. (4)
(iv) Check whether the following signal is energy or power signal.
x(n)= u(n) (5)

16. i) Determine whether the following system is linear, time invariant, causal, stable and static
1. y(n) = x2(n)
2. y(n) = x(-n) (10)
ii) Define LTI system. List the properties of LTI system and explain (6)

17. A discrete time signal is given by x(n)={1,1,1,1,2}

Sketch the following signals
a)x(n-2) b)x(n+1) c)x(3-n) d)x(n)u(n-1) e)x(n-1)δ(n-1) f)Even samples of x(n)
g)odd samples of x(n)
UNIT II ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

PART-A (2 Marks)

1. Define continuous time system.

2. Define Fourier transform pair.
3. Write short notes on dirichlets conditions for fourier transform.
4. Explain how aperiodic signals can be represented by fourier transform.
5. State convolution property in relation to fourier transform.
6. State parseval’s relation for continuous time fourier transform.
7. What is the use of Laplace transform?
8. What are the types of laplace transform?
9. Define Bilateral and unilateral laplace transform.
10. Define inverse laplace transform.
11. State the linearity property for laplace transform.
12. State the time shifting property for laplace transform.
13. Region of convergence of the laplace transform.
14. What is pole zero plot.
15. State initial value theorem and final value theorem for laplace transform.
16. State Convolution property.
17. Define a causal system.
18. What is meant by linear system?
19. Define time invariant system.
20. Define stable system?
21. Define memory and memoryless system.
22. Define invertible system.
23. What is superposition property?
24. Find the fourier transform of x(t)=cos(𝛺0 t)

PART-B

1. Find the inverse laplace transform of X(S) = S / S2+5S+6

2. Find the fourier transform of a rectangular pulse of duration T and amplitude A

3. Obtain the cosine fourier series representation of x(t)

4. Find the trigonometric fourier series of the figure shown below

5. Find the laplace transform of the signal x (t) = eat u(t) + e bt u(t)

6.(i) Find the trigonometric fourier series for the periodic signal x(t) shown in fig., (16)

7. (i) Find the fourier transform of x(t)= e-ltl for -1≤ 𝑡 ≤ 1, 0 otherwise. (8)
(ii) Find the Laplace transform for (i) x(t) = u(t-2) (ii) x(t) = t2e-2t u(t) (8)

8. Explain and prove the properties of Laplace transform (16)

9. a) Compute the Laplace transform of x(t)=e-b|t| of the cases of b<0 and b>0. (10)
b) State and prove Parseval’s theorem of Fourier transform. (6)

10. a) Determine the fourier series representation of the half wave rectifier output. (10)

b) Write the properties of ROC of Laplace transform. (6)

11. a) prove the scaling and time shifting properties of Laplace transform. (8)
b) Determine the Laplace transform of x(t)= e-atcosΩt u(t). (8)

12.a) Find the Fourier transform of rectangular pulse. Sketch the signal and its Fourier
transform (8)
b) Find the Fourier transform of a triangular pulse. (8)

13. i) State Dirichlet’s conditions. Also explain its importance. (6)

 ) Obtain the exponential fourier series of the waveform. (10)

14. a) Find the Laplace transform of the signal x(t)= e-at sinΩt. (8)
b) Find the inverse Fourier transform of the rectangular spectrum give by
1, −𝑊 < 𝜔 < 𝑊
X (jΩ) ={ 0, |𝜔| > 𝑊 (8)

15. a)Find the inverse Laplace transform of the following

𝑠
i) X(s) = 𝑠2 +10𝑠+25 (8)

3𝑠2 +8𝑠+6
ii) X(s) = (𝑠+2)(𝑠2 +2𝑠+1)
(8)
UNIT-III PART-A

1. What is the Laplace transform of the function X(t)=u(t)-u(t-2)

2. What are the transfer functions of the following

a) An ideal integrator

b) An ideal delay of T seconds 3. State the convolution Integral for CT LTI systems?

4. What is the impulse response of two LTI systems connected in parallel?

5. Write the Nth order differential equation

6. Write down the convolution integral to find the output of the CT systems

7. Give the system impulse response h(t). State the conditions for stability and causality.

8. Write the equation for the complete response of a CT system in terms of state transition

matrix.

9. What is meant by impulse response of any system?

10. Determine the Laplace transform of the signal f(t-5) &u(t-5)

11. Determine the convolution of the signals X(n)={2,-1,3,2} & h(n)={1,-1,1,1}

12. List and draw the basic elements for the bloc diagram representation of the CT systems.

13. Check the causality of the system with response h(t)=e-t

u(t).

14. What are the three elementary operations in block diagram representation of CT system

15. Check whether the causal system with transfer function h(s)= is stable

16. What is the condition of LTI system to be stable?

17. Define LTI CT systems

18. List and state the properties of convolution Integral.

19. What are the tools used for analysis of LTI CT systems?

20. Define Natural, Forced and complete response?

UNIT-III PART-B
1. The system produces the output y(t) = 𝑒−𝑡u(t) for an input x(t) =𝑒−2𝑡u(t). Determine i)
frequency response ii) magnitude & phase of the response iii) the impulse response
2. i) define convolution Integral and describe its equation.
3. Compute & plot the convolution y(t) of the given signals.

i) X(t)=u(t-3) – u(t-5) ,h(t)= u(t) ii) X(t)=u(t) ,h(t)= u(t)

4. i) What is Impulse Response? Show that the Response of an LTI system is convolution
Integral of its impulse Response with input signal?
5. i) Explain the steps to Compute convolution of two integrals.
6. i). Explain the properties of convolution integral.
Unit – IV
Part A
1. Define Sampling theorem?
2. Define convolution integral of continuous time system?
3. What is main condition to avoid aliasing?
4. What is ROC in Z transforms?
5. What is the relation between DTFT and Z transform?
6. Find DTFT of u(n).
7. Define unilateral and bilateral Z transform
8. Define convolution sum with its equation
9. Find the convolution of two sequence x(n)={1,1,1,1} h(n)={2,2}
10. Define system function.
11. Define shifting property of the discrete time unit impulse function.
12. What is meant by sampling.
13. What is meant by aliasing.
14. What are the effects aliasing.
15. Define Nyquist rate. and Nyquist interval.
16. Define sampling of band pass signals.
17. Define Z transform.
18. What are the two types of Z transform?
19. Define unilateral Z transform.
20. What is region of Convergence.
21. What are the Properties of ROC.
22. What is the time shifting property of Z transform.
23. What is the differentiation property in Z domain.
24. State convolution property of Z transform.
25. State the methods to find inverse Z transform.
26. State multiplication property in relation to Z transform.
27. State parseval’s relation for Z transform.
28. What is the relationship between Z transform and fourier transform.
29. What is meant by step response of the DT system.
30. Define unilateral Z transform.
31. Give the properties of convolution
32. Determine the Nyquist sampling rate and Nyquist sampling intervals for sinc(200πt) +
3sinc2(120πt)
33. Determine inverse Discrete Time Fourier Transform of X(k)={1,0,1,0}
34. What are the different types of structure realization.
35. What is natural response?
36. What is zero input Response?
37. What is forced response?
38. What is complete response?
UNIT IV
Part B

1. Find the Unilateral Z-transform and R.O.C of x(n) = sin ω0 n u(n)

2. Discuss the block diagram representation of an LTI-DT system
3. Consider a causal LTI system as in the fig

Determine the differential equation relating x(n) and y(n).

4. State and prove the Parseval’s relation.
5. Explain any 4 properties of DTFT.
6. State and prove the sampling theorem. Also explain how reconstruction of original signal
is done from sampled signal (16)
7. Find the Z – transform of the signal (8)
(i)x(n)= nan u(n) (ii)x(n)= an cos(_0) u(n)
8. Determine the inverse z transform of the following function
x(z)=1/(1+z-1) (1-z-1 )2 ROC : |Z>1|
9. Explain the properties of z-transform (8)
10. Find the z-transform of x(z)= 1+2z-1 / 1- 2z-1 + z-2 if x(n) is anticausal using long
division method. (8)
11. find the inverse z-transform of x(z)= 1+3z-1 / 1+ 3z-1 + 2z-2 using residue method (8)
12. Give the relationship between z-transform and fourier transform. (8)
Unit V
Part A
1. Define one sided Z-transform and two sided Z-transform?
2.Define the shifting property of discrete time unit impulse function?
3.What is the Z-transform of sequence x(n)=anu(n)?
4.Define system function?
5.Determine the range of ‘a’ for which the LTI system with impulse response h(n)= anu(n) Is
stable
6.PT x(n)*del(n)= x(n)
7. Write the difference equation for non recursive system?
8. Find the convolution of two sequences x(n)={1,1,1,1} and h(n)={2,2}?
9.What is the overall impulse response h(n) when two system impulse response h1(n) and h2(n)
are connected in parallel and in series?
10. Define natural response and forced response?
11. Define the impulse response and step response of a system?
12. What are the properties of convolution?
13. Find linear convolution of x(n)={1,2,3,4,5,6} with y(n)={2,4,6,8} What is the overall
impulse response h(n) when two system with impulse response h1(n)and h2(n) are connected in
parallel & in series?
14. What is the necessary and sufficient condition on impulse response for stability?
15. What are the basic operations on block diagram representation?

Unit V
Part – B

1. Prove any 2 properties of Z-transform

2. Obtain the cascade form realization of the system described by the difference Equation

y(n) – ¼ y (n-1) – 1/8 y (n-2) = x(n) + 3 x(n-1) +2 x(n-2)

3. Discuss the block diagram representation of an LTI-DT system

4. Find the impulse response of the discrete time system described by the difference equation

y(n-2)-3y(n-1)+2y(n)=x(n-1)

5. Find the impulse and step response of the following system

y(n)-3/4y(n-1)+1/8y(n-2)=x(n)

6. Obtain the cascade and parallel form realization of the following system
y(n)-1/4y(n-1)-1/8y(n-2)= x(n)+3x(n-1)+2x(n-2)

7. The system function of the LTI system is given as

H(Z)= (3-4(Z-1)) / (1-3.5Z+1.5Z2)
Specify the ROC of H(Z) and determine h(n) for the following condition
(1) stable system
(2) causal system

8. Obtain the discrete form II structure for

y(n)-3/4y(n-1)+1/8y(n-2)=x(n)+1/2x(n-1)

9. Obtain the relationship between DIFT and Z transforms.