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Solu on to Circles | Mathema cs

Topic 1: Basic defini ons, Elements, Equa on, Parametric Point
1.(C)
2.(B)
3.(A)
4.(C)
5.(D)
6.(C)
7.(A)
8.(C)
9.(D)
10.(C)
11.(C)
12.(A)
13.(4)
14.(4)
15.(C)
16.(A)
2 8
17. 9, 9
 
18.(C)  
m PQ  2  t1  t 2  1  t 2  1  t1

2at 22  at12 4 at 2  2at1

Also h and k
3 3

3h
 2t 22  t12  …. (i)
a

3k
and 2t 2  t1  …. (ii)
2a

3k 3k
From (ii): t 2  1   t2  1
2a 2a

3k
and t1  1  t 2  2  .
2a

Now substituting values of t1 and t 2 in (i):

2 2 2
 3k   3k  3h  8a  4a  2a 
2 

  2
 
 1 

  k   

h 



 2a   2a  a  9  9  9 

2
 8a  4a  2a   2a 8a 
or  y    x    Vertex is  , .
 9  9  9   9 9 
   

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   
19.(B) Let the points E, F, G be at12 , 2at1 , at 22 , 2at 2 , at 32 , 2at 3 respectively. Since the ordinates of these

points are in G.P., t 22  t1t 3 . Tangents at E and G are t1y  x  at1t 2 and t 3 y  x  at 32 .

Eliminating y from these equation, we get : x  at1t 3  at 22 . Hence the point lies on the ordinate of F.

20.(0) For parabola, shortest focal chord is latus rectum

 slope = 0

21.(A) v  ( 2  1) iˆ  (2  0) ˆj

v  (  2  1) iˆ  (2 ) ˆj …(i)


n  (0  1) iˆ  (1  0) ˆj
 iˆ  ˆj
 
The projec on of v on n  y
 
v  n ( 2  1)  2
 y   …(ii)
n 2
dx
Given, 4
dt
d 2 d
 ( )  4  2 4
dt dt
When P  (4, 4)
d
We have   2, therefore 1 …(iii)
dt
From equa on (ii)
d
(2  2 )
dy dt

dt 2
(2  4)  1
  2
2
22.(D) Let any point at distance r from A on the parabola is
( 2  r cos , r sin )
r 2 sin 2   4( 2  r cos )
r 2 sin 2   4 r cos   8  0

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Let P and Q are distance r1 & r2 from A, then

4 cos 
r1  r2 
sin 2 
8
r1r2 
sin 2 
1 1 1 1 r r cos 
    1 2 
AP AQ r1 r2 r1r2 2
1 1 1
 
AP AQ 4
cos  1

2 4
1
cos  
2
tan   3
 
[ cos  is decreasing and tan  is increasing in  0,  ]
 2
( m)  3

23.(D) Axis : x  2 y  4  0
2x  y 3
Latus rectum : 
5 5
Focus : ( x, y )  (2, 1)
12
24.(C) Length of latus rectum  4 A 
5
Solu ons for the 25 & 26
Given b 2  4 a …(i)
Circumcentre is mid-point of Q and R
1  2b 1
 x y  1 …(ii)
2a 2b
From (i) and (ii)
2
 3 1
y   ( x  2 )
 2 8

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 3
Vertex :  2,
 2 
1
Length of latus rectum is
8
3
25.(B) Product of coordinate of vertex  2 
2
 6 [   2]
26.(C) Length of latus rectum
1  1
  4    
8  32 
3  3
27.(6) Let B as  t 2 , 3t  [Here a  ]
2  2
and let BD  AC & DAB  

BD 3t 2
 tan    
AD 3
t2 t
2
 Projec on of BC on the axis = DC
2
 BD tan   3t    6 units
t
 6
28.(D) Length of tangent
c
  
a
29.(D) Here A  (VA cos , VA sin )
B  (VB sin , VB cos )
(VA sin ) 2  VA cos 
cos 
 VA 
sin 2 
sin 
Similarly, VB 
cos 2 
VA
  cot 3 
VB

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30.(C)(I) The parabola y 2  kx  8  0 is wri en as

 8
y2  k  x  
 k
 k  8
 4   x  
 4  k
Hence, the directrix is
8 k
x 
k 4
k 8
 x  0
4 k
k 2  32
 x 0
4k
By hypothesis, x  1 is the directrix. Therefore
k 2  32
 1
4k
 k 2  4k  32  0
 (k  8)( k  4)  0
 k  4, 8

31.(D) Let B  (k , k )
 k  k
 k  2
Let F  ( k  k1, k1 )

 k1   k  k1

 k12  2 (2  k1)

 2   4  4 4
 k1 
2
k1 1  5

2 2
FG 5 1
 
BC 2

 3x  4 y  2 
32.(B) ( x  3) 2  ( y  2) 2   
 5 
Focus  (3, 2)
Directrix  3 x  4 y  2  0
 Length of latus rectum
 2  distance between focus and directrix

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 2 3  6
 a6

y
33.(D) Length of latus rectum of parabola x 2  is
k
1
 2  length of perpendicular from (2, 0) to y  2 x  2  0
k
1 6
  2
k 5
5
k 
12

Topic 2: Equa on of Tangent and Normal in Slope & Parametric form

1.(A)
2.(B)
3.(B)
4. (-1,0)
5. ( x  1)( y  1) 2  4  0
6.(2)
7.(B)
8.(ABD)
9.(2)
10. x y3
11.(2)
12.(ABD) (A) For b = 9 solving line and parabola
2
2x  9  x 2  4x  x 2  6x  9  0   x  3 0

 Line is tangent to parabola  (A) is correct

(B) For b = 7, line is y  2 x  7
 2x  y   2x  y 
Homogenising parabola with line x 2  4 x   y 0
 7   7 
   
8 1
x2 y2  0  1   0
7 7
 AOB is 90  (B) is correct
 2x  y   2x  y 
(C) Homogenising the parabola with line, we get : x 2  4 x   y 0
 b   b 
   
For x-axis is bisect COD
4 2
xy should be zero i.e.  0
b b
which is not possible for any b  R  (C) is false.
(D) For b > 9
Solving line and parabola

x 2  6x  b  0

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D  36  4b
If b > 9
Then D < 0
 Line passes outside the parabola  (D) is correct.

2
13.(D) The equation of any normal to x  2    4 y  3 is x  2  m y  3  2m  m 3
     
 h h 
If it passes through 1,  , then 1  2  m   3   2m  m 3  2m 3  m 10  h  2  0
 
 2 2 
   
This equation will give three distinct values of m1 , if f  m   0 has two distinct roots, where

h  10
f m  2m 3  m 10  h  2 
    f  m  6m 3  10  h
      
f m 0  m 
6
The values of m are real and distinct, if h > 0, i.e. h  10,  

14.(5) ( x  6) 2  y 2  r 2 …(i)

y2  4x …(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
x 2  8 x  36  r 2  0
D  0  r 2  20
 least integral value is 5.
15.(AB) N : y  tx  2at  at 3

L: y  2at

Solving together

2at  tx  2at  at 3

x  at 2  4a

Hence, h  at 2  4a and k  2at

k2 h  4a
  y2  4a x  4a
 
4a 2 a

Now verify all the alternatives.

 
16.(C) Tangent and normal at P at 2 , 2at to the parabola y2  4ax are respectively.

ty  x  at 2 . . . .(i)

and y  tx  2at  at 3 . . . .(i)

Equations (i) and (ii) meet the X-axis, where y  0

From equation (i), x  at 2


Therefore, T is at 2 , 0 
From equation (ii), tx  2at  at 3

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
Therefore, G is 2a  at 2 , 0 
 2a  at 2  at 2 
Mid-point of TG   , 0   O a , 0 
 2 
 
Since, TPG  90 , the centre of circle through PTG is (a, 0)
If  is the angle between tangents at P to the parabola and circle through P, T and G, then  90    

2at 1
is the angle between PT and OP. Slope of PT  
2 t
2at
2at 2t
Slope of OP  
 2
a t 1  t 12

1 2t

t 2 1 1
t 1
Now, 
tan 90       cot    tan   t    tan 1 t
1  2t  t t
1  
t  t 2  1 


17.(B) Let 2t , t 2  is a point on the parabola x  4y 2

 Normal at  2t , t  is t 3  t  2  y   x  0 . . . .(i)
2

Let three normals passes through (h, k), then t 3  t 2  k  h  0  

t1  t 2  t 3  0

t1t 2  t 2t 3  t 3t1  2  k and t1t 2t 3  h

Given that normals cut the lines y = 2.

then from equation (i)

x  t3

Then, abscissae of three points are t13 , t 23 , t 33 are in A.P. [Given]

3
 2t 23  t13  t 33  t1  t 3
  
 3t1t 3 t1  t 3   2t 23  t 23  3t1t 2t 3  t 22  t1t 3

 Slope of tangents at three conormal points, i.e. t1, t 2, t 3 are in G.P.

18.(C) 19.(B) 20.(D)

2 2
Solving the circle x y  9 and the parabola y 2  8x , we get :

x 2  8x  9  0  x  1,  9
 x 1 [ x  9 is not possible]

 y2  8  y  2 2

Hence, the points of intersection are P 1, 2 2  

and 
Q 1,  2 2 
Tangent to the parabola at point P is 2 2y  4  x  1

It meets the X-axis at S  1, 0 

Tangent to the circle at point P is 1 x  2 2y  9

It meets the X-axis at R(9, 0)

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1
PQ  ST
Now,

Ar PQS  2 
ST

2

1
Ar  PQR  1 TR 8 4
PQ  TR
2
1 1
For PRS, Ar PRS      2
 SR  PT 
2
 10  2 2    10 2, a  PS  2 3

b  PR  6 2, c  SR  10  Radius of circumcircle

abc 2 3  6 2  10
R   3 3
2 4  10 2
Area of PQR 
Thus, radius of incircle of PQR is 
Semi - perimeter of PQR s

We have, a  PR  6 2 and c  PQ  PR  6 2

1 6 2 6 2 4 2 16 2
Also,   PQ  TR  16 2  s 8 2  r  2
2 2 8 2

21.(B) 22.(A) 23.(A)

Let y  m1x and y  m 2x be the equations of chords
OP and OQ respectively, such that OP  OQ
 m1m 2  1
Solving y  m1x with the equation of the parabola

y  x 2  x , we obtain that the coordinates of

 
P are 1  m1, m1  m12 . Similarly, Q 1  m 2 , m 2  m 22  
Let the coordinates of R be (h, k)
Since, diagonals of a rectangle bisects each other.
h m1  m 2  2 k m12  m 2
2
 m1  m 2
  and   m1  m 2  h  2 and
2 2 2 2
m12  m1  m 2  k
2
 m1  m 2  h  2 and m1  m 2   
 2m1m1  m1  m 2  k 
2
 h  2   
 2  h  2  k , m1m 2  1    h 2  4h  4  h  k or h 2  3h  4  k
9 9
Hence, the locus of (h, k) is y  x 2  3 x  4 . Hence, y  x 2  3 x  4  y  x 2  3 x    4
4 4
2 2
 3 7  7  3
or y  x    or y     x  
 
2 4  
4   2 
 
3 3
 Length of latusrectum = 1 and axis is x   0 or x 
2 2

 
24.(B) Normal at at 2 , 2at : tx  y  2at  at 3  0

Circle with a , 0 and at 2, 2at

    as ends of a diameter:
 x  a   x  at 2   y y  2at   0 . Solving the normal and circle, we get 
x  at 2, a 1  t 2 
2
So, y  2at , at Needed length  a 2  at    a 1  t2

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Sol. 25 to 26
Let ( y  q ) 2  4 ( x  p ) is Parabola …(i)
equa on of line is
  1  mq  p 
( y  q)   ( x  p)    …(ii)
m  m 
Given line is tangent to parabola if
1  mq  p 

m  / m
p 2  q m   m 2    0
Given that
5 2  4  m  6 m 2  3  0
5 4
p q 2
3 3
Parabola is
2
 4  5
 y  3   8 x  3 
   
 5 4
25.(B) Vertex is   , 
 3 3
 ab  3
26.(B) For focus
5 4
x 2& y 0
3 3
1 4
Focus   , 
3 3
 2|d c|  2

27.(9) The parabolas are y  x 2  9 and y   x 2

 x 2  9   x 2  x 2 (1   )  9
9
 x2 
1 
3
 x 
(1   )
Now, form the symmetry about Y-axis
6 3
AB  2a   a
(1   ) (1   )
 a 2 (1   )  9  a 2  9  a 2
 a 2    a 2
 9

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1 1 1 1
28.(B)   
SP1 SP2 a (1  t1 ) a (1  t22 )
2

P1  (at12 ,0) P2  (at23 , 0)

S  (a ,0) and t1t 2   1
1 1 1
 2
 
a(1  t1 )  1 a
a 1  2 
 t 
 1 

29.(8) The four lines form a square. The tangents at L (1, 2) and L '(1, 2) are x  y  1  0 and
x  y  1  0. They intersect at M ( 1, 0).

The area of the square

MLNL ' is ( ML ) 2  (1  1) 2  (2  0) 2  8 sq. units
  8

30.(3) Equa on of tangent in terms of slope (m) of the parabola

1
y 2  4 x is y  mx 
m
 Point of intersec on of tangents is ( 2,  1) then
1
1  2 m 
m
 2m 2  m  1  0

Let m1, m2 be slopes of the tangents, then

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D (1  8) 3
m1  m2   
a 2 2
1
m1m2  
2
m1  m2 3/ 2
 tan    3
1  m1m2 11/ 2

31.(A) (I) It is known that the locus of the point from which perpendicular tangents is drawn to a
2
parabola is the directrix of the parabola. For the parabola y  8 x, the directrix is x20
on which the points (-2, 1) and (-2, 5) lie.
(II) The line
a
y  mx 
m

Touches y 2  4ax at 
a 2a 
, 
 m2 m 
The given line is y   x  3( a  3, m  1) and hence it touches the parabola y 2  12 x at

 a 2a 
 2 , m   (3, 6)
m 
(III) It is known that the line y  mx  2am  am 3 is a normal to the parabola y 2  4ax
at the point ( am 2 ,  2am). In the present case, m  4 / 3 and a  9 / 4 .
Therefore
 9 16  9  4  
(am 2 , 2am)    , 2      (4,6)
4 9  4  3  
(IV) The line parallel to 4 y  x  3  0 is 4 y  x  c  0. The line with slope m touches the

parabola y 2  4ax at the point 

a 2a 
, 
 m2 m 
7 1
Here, a  and m  . Therefore, the point of contact is
4 4
 a 2a   7 7 
 2 , m    4  16, 2  4   4   (28,14)
m     

1
32.(C) Area of trapezium AA1B1B  ( AB  A1B1 )  OM
2
1
24a 2  (4 at  2at )  at 2
2
t2
2a
 tan   2
a

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33.(A) Clearly Q has ordinate at  and lies on y 2  4ax

 abscissa 
at 2 
at 2
Q :
 at 2


, at 
4a 4  4 
 

 3yt 4at
Equation of QN :  x  at 2  y  ,x 0
4 3

 4at 
 T:  0,



 3 

34.(B) Let P t1  , Q t 2  & R t 3  be 3 points  2at1, 2at 2 , 2at 3 are in G.P.

 2 ........ (i)
t1t 3  t 2

Tangent at P & R meet at : at1t 3 , a t1  t 3     at 2


2 , a t1  t 3   [from (i) t1t 3  t 22 ]


As Q at 22 , 2at 2  has same abscissa as point above so they lie on a line parallel to y-axis.
  
35.(A) Let A t1  , B t 2  & C t 3  then P at1t 2 , a t1  t 2  , Q at 2t 3 , a t 2  t 3  & R at1t 3 ,a t1  t 3    
at12 2at1 1 t12 t1 1
1 R 2  R 2  R1
   at 22 2at 2 1    a 2 t 22  t12 t 2  t1 0  
2 R 3  R 3  R1
at 32 2at 3 1 t 32  t12 t 3  t1 0  

   a 2 t 2  t1 t 3  t1 t 2  t 3
    ........ (i)

1 2
Similarly,  
2
 
a t 2  t1 t 3  t1 t 2  t 3   ........ (ii)

   2 [from (i) & (ii)]

36.(B) Equation of tangent: yy1  2a  x  x1 

If Q c , d  & R e , f  then yy1  2a x  x1 & y2  4a x  b intersect at Q & R

   
   2
x 2  2 xx1  x12  4bx1  0 has roots c & e and y  2yy1  4a x1  b  0 has roots d & f  
c e d f
 h  h  x1 and k  k  y1  Mid-point is  x1, y1 
2 2

37.(B) Let equation of tangent to y 2  4bx be ty  x  bt 2 …. (i)

Let P and Q where tangent cut y2  4ax be x1, y1 & x 2, y2    

 Forming quadratic equations in x & y we get:

x2 x1  x 2 y1  y2
 2x b  2a  b 2t 2  0 
   t 2 b  2a and y2  4aty  4abt 2  0 
   2at
2 2 2
t

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If (h, k) is mid point of PQ then:

k2
h  t 2 b  2a & k  2at
   h  b  2a   y 2 b  2a  4a 2 x
 
4a 2


38.(A) Let P  at12 , 2at1 , Q  at 22 , 2at 2   
 
R  at1,t 2 ,a t1  t 2     h , k  …. (i)

Now A and B are  a , y1  and  a , y2 

 y 2  y1  d

 1  1 
Where y1  a  t1   & y 2  a  t 2  
 t   t 
 1  2 

[Using equation of tangent and x = a ]

2
 2  h
2 2 2 a 2  t1  t 2  4t1t 2  1  
 

a t1  t 2  1  t1t 2   d2     a 
 d2
t1t 2 2 h 
 
2

 a 

2
 y 2
 4ax  x  a   d 2x 2 [ Using (i) and replacing h by x and k by y]

k
39.(C) t1  t 2  …. (i)
a

2h
t12  t 22  ….. (ii)
a

 k 2 2h 
Using (i) and (ii): t1t 2    /2.
 a2 a 
 

2

Now: at12  at 22  
 2at1  2at 2 2  c 2
2 2 2 2
a 2 t1  t 2
  t1  t 2  
 4  c 2 
  
a 2  t1  t 2  4t1t 2   t1  t 2  4   c 2
   
    

 4h k 2   k2 
Now put values of t1  t 2 and t1,t 2 :  a2     4   c2
 a a2   a2 
  

 4ax  y y 2

2  4a 2  a 2c 2 [Replacing h by x and k by y]

40.(B) Let A  a , y1  be point on directrix from where tangent is drawn such that it touches parabola at P(t).
Let B(h, k) be mid-point of AP.
Equation of tangent is ty  x  at 2

 y1 

a t2 1 
t

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at 2  a 2h
 h    t 2  1 …. (i)
2 a
 1
2at  a  t  
 t  2k 1
And k     3t  …. (ii)
2 a t
2 2
 2k  2 2 4k 2  2h    2h  
Using (ii) 
 a 

 t  3t 2  1

   
2  a
a 
 1  3 
   a
  
 1  1

 
[Using (i)]

2 2
 4k 2 (2h  a )  a [6h  2a ]2  k 2 2h  a  a 3h  a 
   y2 2x  a  a 3x  a
   
2 a
41.(D) Let tangent to y  4a x  a be y  m  x  a    m
1
So, slope of tangent to y2  4b x  b will be   m
1
 Equation is y 
m
 x  b   bm
We have two equations as m 2 x  a  my  a  0 and m 2b  my  x  b  0
   
Using cross multiplication:

From (1): m2  
y  x  b   ay  & From (2):- m 
 x  a  x  b   ab 
 x  a  y  by   x  a  y  by
2
 
 x  a y  by   y  x  b   ay   ab   x  a  x  b 
NOTE: a  b  x   x 2  y 2   0  a b x  0

42.(B) Let the middle point of PQ be R(h, k), then equation of chord PQ is T  S1

 2a   k 2  2ah 
i.e., ky  2a x  h  k 2  4ah
  or ky  2ax  k 2  2ah  y x   
 k   k 
   
Since it is tangent to y 2  4bx  0 or y2  4bx , then apply the condition of tangency
b k 2  2ah b
i.e., c
m
or
k

2a
or 
2a k 2  2ah  bk 2  0 

Topic 3: T=0, T=S1, T2=SS1

1.(C)
2.(A)
3.(D)
4.(C)
5.(B)
6.
7.(C) Let (h, k) be the common point and if the parabolas touch each other then the tangents at (h, k) should
be identical. Their equations are ky  2a  x  l  h 
or 2ax  ky  2a l  h   . . . .(i)
and 
hx  2a y  l1  k  or hx  2ay  2a k  l1   . . . .(ii)
x and y in (i) and (ii), we get :
2a k

h 2a

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Hence the locus is hk  4a 2  xy  4a 2

which is independent of l and l1.

  
8.(B) Let B  at12 , 2at1 , C  at 22 , 2t 2 and D  at 2 , 2at   
Then 
A  at1t 2 , a t1  t 2 
1
Equation of the tangent at D is y  x  at
2
i.e. x  ty  at 2  0
Thus, we have
at1t 2  ta t1  t 2  at 2
   
a t  t1 t  t 2 
Perpendicular from A, l1  
1  t2 1t2
2
at12  t 2at1  at 2 a t  t1
   
Perpendicular from B, l2  
1 t2 1 t2
2
Perpendicular from C, l3 

a t  t2 
1 t2
Since, l12  l 2l 3 Hence, they are in G.P.


9.(C) Let P  h 2, 2h 
1
Slope of tangent at P  tan  
h
Thus, we have area of triangle PTM
1 1 2h
  PM  TM   2h   2h 3
2 2 tan 
Thus,  will have maximum value at maximum h.
3 2 3 2
Hence,  max  2 h 2    
 2 4a 2  16a 3

10.(A) Solving y  x 2  9 and y  kx 2 simultaneously, we have kx 2  x 2  9

3 9k 9k
Gives x  and corresponding y  ,
1 k 1k 1k
 3 9k   3 9k 
Thus, the intersection points are A   ,  and B   , 
 1k 1k   1k 1k 
   
According to the given condition, we have AB  2a
6 9 a2  9
i.e.  2a i.e. 1k  Gives k
1k a2 a2

11.(ABCD) Here line PX is all median, Angle bisector, perpendicular bisector and al tude. Hence all for
centres will lie on given common chord.

12.(D) (I) Points (1, 2) and (-2, 1) sa sfy both curves

(II) Tangent ty  x  t 2 passes through (2, 3)  t  1 or 2
 point of contact is (1, 2) or (4, 4)
(III) Chord of contact of

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P  5 cos , 5 sin   w.r.t. y 2  4 x is


y  5 sin   2 x  5 cos  
Comparing with y  2( x  2)
5 cos   2 and 5 sin   1
(IV) Let Q  (t 2 , 2t )

1 t2 2t
Area of OPQ  6
2 4 4
t  1 or  3
 Q  (1, 2) or (9,  6)

2 x1  4 2y  4
13.(BCD)  m  1
3 3
3  4 3m  4
x1  & y1 
2 2
2
 3  4   3m  4 
   4 
 2   2 
9 2  24 (1  m )  48  0
For two dis nct chords D > 0
 (1  m) 2  3
 m  (,  3  1)  ( 3  1, )

14.(8) Given, y 2  8 x  0, x 2  y 2  16 and x  0

For x  1
y 2  8 and y 2  15  y 2  8
 y  0,  1,  2
 5 points
For x  2
y 2  16, y 2  12  y 2  12
 y  0,  1,  2,  3
 7 points
For x  3
y 2  24, y 2  7  y 2  7
 y  0,  1,  2
 5 points
Hence total points is 17
 n  17
Sum of digits of n is 8.

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15.(C) (I) x 2  ay …(i)

y  2x  1 …(ii)
From (i) and (ii)

x2  x1  2 a 2  a
y2  y1  2( x2  x1 )
 AB  5 x1  x2  40

 2 5 a 2  a  40  a  2, 1

y12  4ax1
(II) tan  
| x1  a |

Here x1  0, y1  2,  
3
 a  2
4
(III) Mid-point of ( at 2 , 2 at ) & ( a, 2 a ) is

 at 2  a 2at  2a 
 ,  which lies on
 2 2 
x  y 1
 at 2  2at  3a  2  0

For two dis nct chords D > 0

0  4a  4
 length of latus rectum can be 1, 2 or 3.
3
(IV) x 2  a  y  
 a
 3 a
 Focus is  0,  
 a 4
3 a
   2  a  2,6
a 4
a1
 3
a2

16.(BCD) Equa on of chord of contact w.r.t.

   at 2  2 2 2
 ,  of circle x  y  a
 t 
   at 2 
x  y    a2
 t 
 
 y
(aty  a 2 )    x    0
 t

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a a
 x2   2
y2 
t t
 a 
x1x2  at 2   2   a 2 , y1 y2  2a 2
 t 
x1 y
 t 4 , 1  2t 2
x2 y2
2
y  x 
  1   4 1   0
 y2   x2 
y x
  4, 1 , 1 are in G.P.
y2 x2
2
Also y1 y2  2a
y1
 , a, y2 are in G.P.
2
17.(A) Given, no point of parabola is below x-axis
 D0  2a2
a max  2
 y  x2  2 x  1
Tangent at (0, 1) is
2x  y  1  0
It is also tangent of circle
1
c  5c 2  1
5
18.(B) Tangent at (0, 1) is
ax  y  1  0
As it is also tangent of circle
1
c
a2  1
c is maximum when
a  0,  y  1
 Slope = 0

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Topic 4: Common Tangents, Max & Min distance between Curves

1.(C)
2.(C)
3.(D)
4.(C)
5.(A)
6.(AB)
1 1
7. c , c5
4 2
8.(A)
9.(C)

10. AP;BQ;CS;DR
11.(ACD)
 15a 2 
12.  
 4 
13.(C) Let ty = x + at2 (where a = 4) be a tangent to parabola which also touches circle.
  ty = x + 4at2 and x2 + y2 = 8 have only one common solution.
 (ty – 4t2)2 + y2 = 8 has equal roots as a quadratic in y.
 (1 + t2) y2 – 8t3y + 16t4 – 8 = 0 has equal roots.  64t6 = 64t6 + 64t4 – 32 – 32t
  t2 + 1 – 2t4 = 0  t2 = 1, – 1/2  t= 1
 the common tangents are : y = x + 4 and y = – x – 4.

14.(D) The equation of the parabolas are y 2  4 x  8y  40  0 . . . .(i)

and x 2  8x  4y  40  0 . . . .(ii)
We observe that, if we interchange x and y in equation (i), we obtain equation (ii). So, the two parabolas
are symmetric about y = x.
If the two parabolas intersect on y = x., then the minimum distance between them is zero.

On solving y  x and y 2  4 x  8y  4  0

we get : x 2  12 x  40  0 , which has imaginary roots.

So, the parabolas do not intersect. Consequently, distance between them is not zero.
Minimum distance between the two parabolas is the distance between tangents to the two parabolas
which are parallel to y  x .
dy dy x 4
x, we get: 2x  8  4 0  
dx dx 2
x 4
If the tangent is parallel to y  x , then 1  x 6
2
On putting x  6 in equation (ii), we get : y = 7
Thus, the coordinates of a point on parabolas (ii) are P(6, 7). The corresponding point on parabola (i)
is Q(7, 6). Hence, required distance  PQ  1  1  2

15.(B) The coordinates of a point on the parabola y 2  12x can be chosen as 3t 2 , 6t  

Therefore, let us choose the coordinates of P and Q as 3t2
1 , 6t1  and  3t 2
2 , 6t 2 
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6t1 1
Respectively. According to the given condition, we have  , i .e . t 2  2t1 . . . .(ii)
6t 2 2

Equation of the normals at P and Q are y  t1x  2at1  at13 . . . .(iii)

and y  t 2 x  2at 2  at 23 . . . .(iv)

respectively.
If R(h, k) be the point of intersection of the two normals, then solving equations (iii) and (iv)

 
simultaneously we have h  2a  a t12  t 22  t1t 2  6  21t12 [Using result (ii)] . . . .(v)

and k  at1t 2 t1  t 2  36t13

  [Using result (ii)] . . . .(vi)
3 2
h  6   k 
From equations (v) and (vi), we have t16    and t16    . . . .(viii)
 21   36 
   

Eliminating t16 from equations (vii) and (viii), we have 

k2

h  6 3
362 213
3
i.e. 343k 2  48 h  6
 
3
Hence equation of the required locus is 343y 2  48 x  6  
16.(A) 2 y 2  2 x  1 & 2 x 2  2 y  1
Are symmetrical about y  x
dy 1 dy
 4y  2  y  as 1
dx 2 dx
3 1 1 3
 , & , 
4 2 2 4
Are required points
1 1 1
Now SD   
16 16 2 2
10
17.(BC) Line y  mx  is tangent of circle x 2  y 2  50 if
m
10
m
 5 2  m  1
m2  1
 common tangent are
x  y  10  0, x  y  10  0

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Topic 5: Proposi ons, co-normal points

1.(D)
2.(B)
3.(2)
 3
4. 4
 
5.
6.(B)
7.(D)
8.(CD)
9.(B)
10.(D)
11. y 2  2( x  4)

 
12.(A) Let the normal at P at12, 2at1 be y  t1x  2at1  at13  tan   t1  slope of the normal ………(i)

2
It meet the curve again Q say at 22, 2at 2    t 2  t1 
t1
. . . .(ii)

Now angle between the normal and parabola = Angle between the normal and tangent at


Q i .e., t 2y  x  at 22 
If  be the angle, then

1  2
t1  t1  t1   1
m  m2 t2 t t 1  t 2 
tan   1   12   [From equation (ii)]
1  m1m 2 1  t 2  t1 2
1  t 2     t1   t1
t  t2
 2

t12  1 t tan 
  2  [From equation (i)]
1  t 2  2 2
2  1 
 t 
 1 
1 
  tan 1  tan  
2 
 

  
13.(D) Let A am12 ,  2am1 , B am 22,  2am 2  and C am ,  2am  be the three points on the parabola and
2
3 3

normal at these points intersect at P(h, k) then

am 3  2a  h m  k  0
  . . . .(i)

m1  m 2  m 3  0 . . . .(ii)
2a  h
m1m 2  m 2m 3  m 3m1  . . . .(iii)
a
k
m1m 2m 3  . . . .(iv)
a

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Let the equation of circle through A, B and C is x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 . If the point am 2,  2am  

lie on it will satisfy circle.   
a 2m 4  4a 2  2ag m 2  4afm  c  0 . . . .(v)

It has four root m1, m 2 , m 3 and m 4  m1  m 2  m 3  m 4  0 . . . .(vi)

 m 4  0 using equation (ii)

 am ,  2am   0, 0 

2
4 4

 Equation (v) becomes

 
a 2m 4  4a 2  2ag m 2  4afm  0  (No constant) term)

 am 3  4a  2g m  4 f  0
  . . . .(vi)
4f 1 4a  2 g k
Equation (i) an (vi) are identical 
2a  h

k
 2g   2a  h
1
    2f  
2
k
 Equation of circle is x 2  y 2  2a  h x  y  0  
2
Thus circle through co-normal points.

14.(A)  
P t1 & Q t 2  then pole h , k  is point of intersection of tangents at P & Q

 h  at1t 2 ........ (i) and 

k  a t1  t 2  ........ (ii)

2
Also PQ  2c  PQ 2  4c 2  at2 2
1  at 2  
 2at1  2at 2 2  4c 2
2 2 2 2
 a 2 t1  t 2
   t1  t 2  
 4   4c 2
 
 a 2 t1  t 2   4t1t 2  t1  t 2   4   4c 2

    

Now put values from (i) & (ii) :-

 k 2  4ah
k 
2  4a 2  4a 2c 2

 y 2  4ax
y 
2  4a 2  4a 2c 2 [replace by h by x and k by y]

n 6
5 n 1 1
15.(B) Given  C3 p n 3    n  6, p 
2  x 2

Since three normal are drawn from (q, 0)

1
 q  2a or q  or q  p
2
1 1
as a  & p
4 2
2 2
16.(A) Let P is (at1 , 2at ) and Q is (at2 , 2at2 )

1 1
 tan 1  tan 2 
t1 t2

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2
mPQ 
t1  t2

(t1  t2 )
 mOR  [as PRQ  OR ]
2
cot 1  cot  2  2 tan 

17.(ACD) For parabola Y 2  4 AX three normal are possible if

1 5
X  2 A i.e., x  2 x
2 2
 x  3, 4,5
18.(AC) Let P  (at 2 , 2at )

R  (at12 , 2at1)

as OP  OR

4
 t1  
t

 16a 8a 
 R 2 ,
 t t 

 OPQR is rectangle

 mid-point of OQ = mid-point of PR
16 a
at 2 
x
  t 2  x  t 2  16 …(i)
2 2 a t2

8a
2at 
y t  y t4
 …(ii)
2 2 2a t
Elimina ng t from (i) and (ii)

y 2  4a ( x  8a )

19.(4) Equa on of circle is

( x  1  r)2  y2  r 2

 x 2  2(1  r ) x  2r  1  0

D0  r4

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20.(A) Length of chord at P (t1 ) & Q (t2 )

PQ  a t1  t2 (t1  t2 )2  4

If this chord is normal, then

2
t2  t1 
t1

(t12  1)3
PQ  4a
t14

d ( PQ) 2
  0 at t1  2
dt1

16a 2 (2  1)3
 PQmin   2 a 27
4

21.(C) Let A  (, )

The equa on of normal at ( at 2 , 2at )

y  tx  2 at  at 3 …(i)

( , ) lie on equa on (i), then

at 3  (2a   )t    0 …(ii)

Let t1, t2 & t3 be the roots of equa on (ii), then

at 3  (2a   ) t    a (t  t1 )(t  t2 ) (t  t3 ) …(iii)

Let P  (at12 , 2at1), Q  (at22 , 2 at2 ) & R  (at32 , 2at3 )

Since, the focus is S ( a ,0)

 SP  a(1  t12 ), SQ  a (1  t22 )

SR  a (1  t32 )

t  i  1 in equa on (iii), we get

 ai  (2a   ) i  

 a (i  t1 ) (i  t 2 ) (i  t3 )

( a   ) i    a i  t1 i  t 2 | i  t3

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 (a  )2  2

 a (1  t12 ) (1  t22 ) (1  t32 )

a((a  )2  2 )  a(1  t12 )  a(1  t22 )  a(1  t32 )

a ( SA) 2  SP  SQ  SR

SP  SQ  SR  a ( SA) 2

22.(A) Let P (t1 ) & Q (t 2 ) are two points on parabola

1
Then slope of tangent at P (t1 ) 
t1

 Slope of normal at P (t1 )

 t1  tan   t1

Similarly, tan   t 2

2
As PQ is normal  t2  t1 
t1

2
  tan   tan  
tan 

 tan  (tan   tan )  2

23.(BD) Equa on of tangent at P(t) is

yt  x  at 2  0

Let M (, ) be the foot of perpendicular

  t    at 2  0 …(i)

Given that SM  PM

1 
  1
t a

 t    at  0 …(ii)

From (i) and (ii)   0 i.e., x  0

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24.(ABCD) Equa on of normal passing through ( h, k ) is am3  ( h  2a ) m  k  0 …(i)

 m1  m2  m3  0

Also 2 am1  2 am2  2 am3  0

 y coordinates of centroid = 0
 centroid lies on x-axis and circle circumscribing the triangle PQR always passes through the vertex of
the parabola.

25.(A)(I) The given parabola are symmetrical about the line y  x as shown in the figure

They intersect each other at four dis nct points.

Hence, the number of common chords is

4 43
C2  6
1 2

Which is perfect number [ 1  2  3  1  2  3  6]

(II)
y …(i)
tan  
x

LC = Projec on of BC on x-axis

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= BL tan   y tan 

y [from equa on (i)]

 y
x

y2 = 4
 [ y 2  4 x ]
x

(III) Normals to y 2  4ax and x 2  4by in terms of m are

b
y  mx  2 am  am 3 and y  mx  2b 
m2

For common normal,

am 5  2 am 3  2bm 2  b  0

It is clear that at most five common normal.

(IV) Let middle point of P and B be (h, k) then 2 h  at 2

2k  3at
2
 2k 
2h  a  
 3a 

2 k 2  9 ah

 Locus of mid-point is

2 y 2  9ax

9a
 Length of latusrectum 
2

9
 2 9 [ a  2]
2

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26.(AB) As PQ is diameter

 P  (t 2 , 2t )

 16 8 
Q 2 , 
t t 

t2 2t 1
1 16 8
  1  20
2 t2 t
0 0 1

4
t  5
t

 t  1, 4, 1, 4

Hence coordinates of P are (1, 2) (16, 8), (1, -2), (16, -8)

Solu on of 27 & 28
   0    0 
   0    4   1
  

  2   2  4  0 …(i)

     3 
    1
    

 2   2  3  0 …(ii)

Solving (i) and (2) 4  3 …(iii)

x y
Since ( , ) lies on  1
4 3

 
  1 …(iv)
4 3

From (iii) and (iv)

36 48
 , 
25 25

12
27.(D) b  a     
25

28.(D) If  is semilatus rectum

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2 1 1
Then  
 AS BS

576
 2 
125

29.(D) We know that the sum of ordinates of the feet of normals drawn to the parabola y2  4ax is zero.
 y1  y2  y3  0

Also, P  x1, y1  , Q  x 2 , y2  and R  x 3 , y 3  lie on the parabola.

y2 y2 y2
 y12  4ax1, y 2
2  4ax and y 2  4ax
2 3 3  x1  1 , x 2  2 and x 3  3
4a 4a 4a
x1  x 2 x 2  x3 x 3  x1
  
y3 y1 y2

y12y2 2
y2 y2 2
y3 y2
 2  3  1 1
 4a 4a  4a 4a  4a 4a   1 2 2 3 3 
 y y  y y  y y   0
1      
y1  y2 y 2  y3 y3  y1 4a 

30.(3) Parabola is y 2  x

1
a
4

The normal at t is

t3 t
tx  y  
4 2

It passes through ( a,0)

t3 t
 ta  
4 2

 1 1
 t2  4 a    a 
 2 2

 1  1
 t1  2  a   , t2  2  a  
 2  2

The normals are perpendicular  t1t2  1

 1
  4  a    1
 2

 4a  3

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31.(ABC) Given parabola is

( y  4) 2  16( x  1)

 Y 2  16 X

Shi ing the origin to the point (-1, 4) the point (14, 7) becomes (15, 3)

Normal : Y  tx  8t  4t 3

3  15t  8t  4t 3

3 1
 t  1, ,
2 2

Corresponding points are (4, -8), (9, 12) and (1, -4)

Coordinates of feet w.r.t. the original system are (3, -4), (8, 16), (0, 0)

32.(6) Let S be the focus and point of intersec on of tangents at P and Q is R.

 ( SR ) 2  SP  SQ  4  9  36

 SR  6

33.(BCD) Given parabola is y 2  16 x  8y  0 . . . .(i)

Let the coordinates of the feet of the normal from (14, 7) be P  ,  

Now equation of the tangent at P  ,   to parabola (i) is

  
g  8 x    4 y    0  or   4  y  8 x  8  4 . . . .(ii)

8 4 
Its slope 
4
. Equation of normal to parabola (i) at  ,   is y   
8
x  
6 6
It passes through (14, 7)  7 
4
14    or 
4
. . . .(iii)

Also  ,   lies on the parabola (i)  2  16   8  0

96
Putting the value of  from (iii) and (iv), we get: 2   8  0
4

  
Or 2   4  96  8   4  0 or  2  4  96  8  32  0 or  2  12  64  0
    
   0, 16,  4
From (iii), when   0,   0
when   16,   8
when   4,   3
Hence the feet of the normals are (0, 0), (8, 16) and  3,  4 

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34.(A) y2  4x . . . .(i)

y  mx  x 3  2m

Let P(h, k) is on this normal  k  mh  m 3  2m

 (ii)

If three normals at (h, k)

m1  m 2  m 3  0

m1m 2m 3  k
k
and m1m 2    m 3 

k
m3  is a root of the equation (ii),


k 3 k k 2 2  h   1  0 k2 h 2

3


2  h   k  0  k 0;
3






 

 k 2  2 h  2   . . . .(iv)
 
Equation (i) and (iv) are identical  2

35.(D) y 2  8x

Let  
P t12, 4t and a t 22, 4t1  
and Normal at P and Q intersect R(18, 12)

 2
Let R 18, 12  2t 3 
, 4t 3    t3  3

2
 t 3  t  [Point of again intersection by normal to the parabola]
t
2
3  t 
t
2  t1  1; t 2  2
t  3t  2  0
Hence P  2,  4  and Q  8,  8   a  2, b  4 ; c  8, d  8
abcd = 512

36.(A) For parabola y 2  4ax , it t1 and t 2 are parameters for ends of chord which statements right angle at

the vertex, then t1t 2   4 (derive this result yourself)

Writing equation of chord, we see that it cuts axis at  4a , 0 

2 4
Given parabola:  y  2    x  1
3
1
vertex: 1,  2  a 
3
 1  7 
So, chord which subtends right angle at vertex cuts axis y   2  at : 1  4   ,  2  or  ,  2 
 3  3 
     

VMC | Page 32 Parabola | Assignment

 Vidyamandir Classes : Innova ng For Your Success

37. mOP  mOQ   1

2 2
  1  t1t 2  4
t1 t2

Now, equation of the chord PQ,

 
2 x  t1  t 2 y  2at1t 2  0 (a = 1)
 2 x  t1  t 2  y  8  0 (Using t1t 2  4 )
2  x  4    t1  t 2  y  0 . . . .(i)

Also 
2h  a t12  t 22 

2k  2a t1  t 2 
 2h 

k 2  a 2 t12  t 22  2t1t 2  a 2 
 a


 8   a 2h  8a 2 ;


  y2  2a x  4a
 
38.(A) The equation of any normal to the parabola y 2  4ax . . . .(i)

Can be written as y  mx  2am  am 3 . . . .(ii)

The equation of the pair of straight lines joining the origin to the intersection points of equations (i)
 mx  y 
and (ii) is given by the equation y 2  4ax  0
 3 
 2am  am 


y 2 2am  am 3  4ax mx  y  0   . . . .(iii)

x2  y2  0

i.e. 2am  am 3  4am  0 i.e. m  2

39.(C) Equation of normal in terms of slope is m 3x  4  y m 2  2  0  

Point P(h, k

2
If the slopes are complementary, then m1m 2  1;  m3  
h
2 8 4
Using m3   in (i) we get :  
 4 k  20
h h2 h2
 4  2 4  k  h 2  0
   h 2  4  2k  0

 h 2  4  2k  0  x2  2 y  2  
x 2  2Y
Let Y y2
1
a 
2
1
 Directrix is Y  
2
1
or y2    2y  3  0
2

VMC | Page 33 Parabola | Assignment

 Vidyamandir Classes : Innova ng For Your Success

40.(A) 41.(C)
 m 2  m 2  m 2  m 2m 2m 2 
 1 2 3 
tan 1 m12  tan 1 m 2
2  tan  1 m 2  
3  tan 1  1 2 3

1  m12m 22  m 22m 3
2 2 2
 m3m1 

2 2  2 
   m1    
 2  m1m 2  m1m 2m 3   
 tan  1   m1m 2  2m1m 2m 3  m1 
 
2  2 
 2a  h   k    2a  h  
 0  2
 a
  
  a
  tan  1  
  a
  0

       


Or 2ah  4a 2  k 2  tan  3a 2  4ah  h 2 
or x 2 tan   2ax  1  2 tan   y2  a 2 3 tan   4  0
   
tan1 m12  tan 1 m 2
2  tan 1 m 2  tan 1 m  tan 1 m  tan 1 m
3 1 2 3

 2a  h  k 2 k  2a  h  k 2
  2  2  
 a  2 0  a  2
   a  a    a k
 2   2a  h  2a  h a
 2a  h
   1   1
1     0   a  a
  
 a  
 

 2a 2a  h  h 2  k 3a  h
    or k 2  2ah  3ak  hk  4a 2  0

 Locus of point (h, k) is y 2  2ax  3ay  xy  4a 2  0

VMC | Page 34 Parabola | Assignment