1st Quarter – ARTS 9

WESTERN AND CLASSICAL ART TRADITIONS

Timeline

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Ancient Art Medieval ART

Classical Art
1,500,000 BC 400 BC – 1, 400 AD
2,000 BC – 400 BC
2,0000 BC

Lesson 1: PAINTING DURING THE CLASSICAL ART TRADITIONS

1. PRE-HISTORIC ERA
 Their artwork has been observed indoors in the ______ which can also have been their
_____________ with every other.
 It can be for ___________ or __________________.
 Pre-historic includes all human existence before the emergence of writing.
 Their art is of ________ not only to art historians but also to _________ and ______________.
 Their art is only one clue- along with fossils, pollens, and other finds to an understanding of
early human life and culture.
Material:
 People had to use the things____________, especially the __________ __________.
 To paint, these early artists used ___________ __________ (a kind of pigmented, earthen
material, that is soft and can be mixed with liquids, and comes in a range of colors like brown,
red, yellow, and white).
 These pigments were the so-called ________ _______, (minerals limonite and hematite, red
ochre, yellow ochre, and umber), charcoal from the fire (carbon black), burnt bones (bone
black), and white from grounded calcite (lime white).
Artworks:

2. ANCIENT EGYPT
 The motive of Egyptian paintings is to make the deceased afterlife region pleasant.
 Found on th_________________, ________ and __________, and they are also painted on
objects, such as stelae (carved or painted slabs of stone or wood) or __________.

_______________ are the word pictures that represent the images and sounds of the Ancient
Egyptian language.
3. CLASSICAL GREEK ERA
 Paintings for the duration of the classical generation were mostly _____________, ______,
and ___________.
 They depict natural figures with dynamic compositions. Most of the subjects have been
_________, _______________, and _________.
Most common methods of Greek painting:
1. Fresco painting, a method of painting ________________ on freshly applied plaster, usually
on wall surfaces.
 The colors, made by grinding dry-powder pigments in pure water, dry and set with the plaster
to become a permanent part of the wall.
  Fresco painting is ideal for making murals because it lends itself to a monumental style, is
durable, and has a matte surface.
2. Encaustic — “The word encaustic originates from the Greek word enkaustikos which means
______________, and this element of heat is necessary for a painting.
Vase Painting
 Greek vase painting is one of the best-studied areas of classical antiquity.
 Figure-decorated pottery, often called “__________,” was produced in large quantities in many
regions of the ancient Greek world.

Panel Painting
 These are artwork on flat panels of wood. It can be small, single-pieced, or several panels
joined together. Most of the panel artwork no longer exists because of their organic
composition.
4. Roman Era
 themes in Roman paintings are wide in variety, offering paintings of __________, _______,
________________, ________________, and ________________.
 Scenes of rural landscapes, shepherds, temples, and herds were prominent during the
Hellenistic period, evoking the pleasures of the rural countryside.

MOSAIC - It is an art process where an image is created using an assemblage of small pieces of
colored glass, stones, or other materials. This technique is used for decorative art or interior
decorations
5. BYZANTINE PAINTING
 The active patterns of paintings that had been invented in Greece and Rome lived on in
Byzantium however this time for __________________
6. ROMANESQUE PAINTING
> These are ordinarily positioned mosaics on the walls of the church structures that follow a strictly
frontal pose.

* Stained glass
• Windows were created to transform the vast stone interiors with warm and glowing colors and
at the same time to instruct Christians in their faith.
7. Gothic Era
 Paintings have been confined to the illumination of manuscript pages and the painting of
frescoes on the walls of churches in cosmopolitan style, elegant, mannered, and
sophisticated.
 Subjects usually depict popular legends and love stories, patterns like “mille fleur” or thousand
flowers show influence that may have been due to the Crusades
Lesson 2: Architecture
A. Pre-Historic Architecture
 Man has developed a form of architecture based on_________ (a big rock) from the Greek
words lithos (________) and megas (_____).
 This architecture is made of _____________________ which were intended for burial.

Three types of megalith stones:

1. _________ - a huge stone standing vertically on the ground, usually standing in the middle of
the field or arranged in rows.
2. __________ - The word dolmen originated from the expression taol maen, which means “___.”
 These structures are in the form of a table consisting of two huge standing stones
supporting a horizontal giant stone.
 It is believed that it serves as a grave or as an altar.
3. __________ - A Brythonic word where crom means “bent” or “curved” and llech means “slab”
or “flagstones”.
 Literally, it is a circle of standing stones.

B. Egyptian Architecture.
 Ancient Egyptian architecture is best known for its________________ and ______ built in
stone or bricks.
 The ancient Egyptians are famous for the building of the Pyramids. The pyramids were built as
the burial places of the Egyptian kings from before the start of the Old Kingdom until the end of
the Middle Kingdom.
a. Step pyramid at Saqqara
 The Step Pyramid at Saqqara is the earliest pyramid that is still there today.
 The Step Pyramid was built in 2630 B.C.\
 It was the burial place of King Djoser.
b. The Great Pyramid at Giza
 The Egyptians also built magnificent temples, which they believed were the homes of
the gods and goddesses.
 The most famous of all the true pyramids is the Great Pyramid at Giza, which is the
largest of the three Giza pyramids.
C. Greek Architecture
 Temples consisted of a central shrine or room in an aisle surrounded by rows of columns.
 These buildings were designed in one of three architectural styles or orders.

D. Roman Architecture
 They built sturdy structures both for use and to perpetuate their glory.
 The emperor erected huge halls and arenas for public games, baths, and
processes.
 They were built of gigantic arches of stone, bricks, and concrete, or with
barrel vaults.
E. Byzantine Architecture
 It has a lot in common with the early Christian architecture.
 Mosaic decoration was perfected by the Byzantines, as was the use of clerestory to bring
light in from high windows.

F. Romanesque Architecture
 The doorways of Romanesque churches are often grand and sculptured portals.
 Wood or metal doors are surrounded by elaborate stone sculptures arranged in zones to fit
architectural elements.

G. Gothic Architecture
 The design included two new devices: a pointed arch which enabled builders to construct
much higher ceiling vaults and stoner vaulting borne on a network of stone ribs supported by
piers and cluster pillars.
 Has rich architecture and design
 Splendid stained glass windows
 Thousand of sculptured figures