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PES Statement

How to write PES statements - nutrition

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15 views3 pages

PES Statement

How to write PES statements - nutrition

Uploaded by

rachellxxc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Case Study 1:

63 Y M presents to the ER with anorexia, fatigue, nausea & vomiting & an unintentional weight
loss of 27 lbs over the past 6 months. He has only been eating small amounts of scrambled eggs,
toast, orange juice, canned pears, and soup each day. He is currently undergoing medical tests
to diagnose his illness. You are asked to assess his nutritional status using commonly used
anthropometric standards.
● Inadequate energy intake related to decreased intake of meals and snacks possibly due
to nausea and vomiting as evidenced by 17% weight loss over the past 6 months.

Case Study 2:
47 Y F presents to the RDN with body weight concerns. She reports that she does not eat
breakfast, brings her lunch to work (sandwiches such as deli roast beef, chicken salad, egg salad,
potato chips, and a diet soda), and enjoys cooking and eating a big Italian meal at night with her
family (pasta/spaghetti with cream or cheese sauces; chicken, beef, or veal; garlic bread; several
glasses of wine; pistachio ice cream or an Italian pastry). She reports being generally sedentary
at work and does not like to exercise. Her doctor recently suggested that she meet with a
dietitian for healthy eating/weight reduction advice. You are asked to assess her nutritional
status using commonly used anthropometric standards.
● Excessive energy intake related to large home-cooked Italian meals eaten every night as
evidenced by 7.7% weight gain over the last year and BMI 37.2 kg/m2.

Emery Case 1:
● Inadequate energy intake related to loss of motivation to cook since the loss of her
husband related to %UBW of 87.5% and %weight loss of 12.5%.

Intake: Excessive calorie intake (problem) related to frequent consumption of large portions
(etiology) as evidenced by 12-pound weight gain over the past 6 months (signs)

Clinical: Unintended weight loss (problem) related to low intake of energy-dense foods
(etiology) as evidenced by 10% loss of usual body weight over the past month (signs)

Behavioral/Environmental: Physical inactivity (problem) related to lack of knowledge (etiology)


as evidenced by 7-day physical activity recall (signs
Excessive Energy Intake (Problem) related to frequent consumption of high-calorie meals and
snacks (Etiology), as evidenced by daily caloric intake exceeding estimated energy needs by 750
kcal and 16 lb weight gain in past 3 months (Signs/symptoms).

Case Study 4:
● Calculate her IBW, % IBW, and BMI
● Calculate her energy, protein, and fluid requirements
● Discuss the numerous factors, considering her cultural identity, that might influence her
dietary intake and behaviors.

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

DXA allows separation of body mass into bone mineral, fat tissue, and fat-free soft tissue, a
three-compartment model.

Bioelectrical impedance assessment (BIA)


Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a method for estimating body composition, in
particular body fat and muscle mass, where a weak electric current flows through the body and
the voltage is measured in order to calculate impedance (resistance and reactance) of the body.

Air displacement plethysmogram (ADP) (BODPOD)


The BOD POD® uses air displacement plethysmography to calculate body volume, combined
with highly accurate scales to measure mass (Kg) and uses this to calculate body density. A
simple mathematical formula is used to estimate fat percentage.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)


Kg per kcal method

Normal (18.5-24.9)
Sedentary, low activity - 25-30
Moderate, vigorous activity - 30-35

Underweight (<18.5) - 30-35


Severe PEM (<70%) - 35-40

Overweight (25-29.9) - 21-25


Obese (30-40) - 18-21
Severe Obese (>40) - 15-20

1) Weight loss
2) Loss of subcutaneous fat
3) Decreased functional strenght (low grip dynamotery test)
4) Loss of lean mass (muscle)
5) Localized/generallized fluid accumulation
6) Inadequate energy intake

BMI, %IBW, %UBW, %weight change

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