2.14, A hydroturbine operates with a head of 50 m of water, Inlet and outlet conduits are mate the mechanical power developed by the turbine for an outlet 2 min diameter. E velocity of 5 m-s _ he SOm ae 4 dete Solution = Sane per ‘type : open, cteady flow ‘Apply FLOT + OH t BER + Of = G+ M% alae? ee]. a & i outice Bing hz = We sohing for ty ra seu, A= Tat = (1000 9/43 fe] (smi) 1107.90 kg /s Wy = (18707. 46 *94)( 4.81 m/c) (-50 m) ~ 7704 185.983 Jfs We2.26, Water at 28°C flows in a straight horizontal pipe i which there is no exchange of er heat or work with the surroundings. Its velocity is 14 m-s-! in a pipe with ernal diameter of 2.5 em until it flows into a section where the pipe diameter abruptly increases. What is the temperature chat an of the water if the downstream diameter is 3.8 cm? If it is 7.5 cm? What is the maximum temperature change for an enlargement in the pipe? Given = Required + a ttm T= 28° ore? eas Uy m/s y= 2.5 on dy = 3.8em dy = 1.5 0m Solution : system + water type + open, steady flow Apply FLOT © afa(u s dure gd] ae vow + tmaut oa) ane -Liaye 2 bw solving for us m= eau tye) PAu = pA Tat % Hlo.0ss *Y (4 mjs) = (0.038 9) ‘i 7 Uy + 6.0546 m/s ths pau : = (1000 fms )( Bloated) (9 /s) th = G.872 kg /s ot[t os mi)" - (18 wey] BH = 19.64 I/eg OH = CpaT ar: BH 18.64 Jeg cp Ui80 Vag: K AT = 0.0141 KAris = phous B(o.0as en ms) = R(0.075 w)* 4 Us # 1.5556 m/s Oe Laut sb [(rsss0 mi) (14 mb] BN = 46.79 Seg ON = CpaT op BA A eg e 180 Vag. OT = 0.0231 K Obcervation + As the diameter increased, the veloity dercased aut 0- (wws)'] BH = 98 Yeg on © cpat ore BH, 984% Ce” Wi ig. K AT = 0.0254 K2.28. Nitrogen flows at steady state through a horizontal, insulated pipe with inside diam- eter of 1.5(in), A pressure drop results from flow through a partially opened valve. Just upstream from the valve the pressure is 100(psia), the temperature is 120(°F), and. the average velocity is 20(ft)-s~'. If the pressure just downstream from the valve is 20(psia), what is the temperature? Assume for air that PV/T is constant, Cy = (5/2)R, and Cp = (7/2)R. (Values for R, the ideal gas constant, are given in App. A.) Sin ‘ : to 915 be P+ 100 prin] OE ere * @60u73. 5261 Ae a ———TF _ T+ 120°F = 322.04 K h Us 20/5 [ 28m. c.096 m/c P+ 20 pio) w1325 po ee 20 pe eps * 1ITEM.GtS2 Re Cp * he R Ge HR R= 8.514 York, Required : 1 Solution = exten | eltogen type + open, cteady flow Apply FLOT ofan eure ga] wee fee Kw v wy Us Vy vO? fh. Ae Ma, BT T Te Waa ents BH cpaT ype AR aH 28 (te)-ty ans -tw WR (m- 1) -t[(CAey . we an (8.38 yan (ABH) (MEA) ~ 2.08 x) © +s "Us )(csaur9. 9201 FT Gos2 Pa) 322.04 K) = (0.c096 “sy Ty: 320.61 k2.31, Steam flows at steady state through a converging, insulated nozs em Tong and. with an inlet diameter of 5 em. At the nozzle entrance (state 1), the temperature and pressure are 325°C and 700 kPa and the velocity is 30 m-s~!, Atthe nozzle exit (state 2) the steam temperature and pressure are 240°C and 350 kPa, Property values are: Hy =3112.5khkg-!—V, = 388.61 Hy= 2945.7 kk! V2. = 667.75 em3.g-! What is the velocity of the steam at the nozzle exit, and what is the exit diameter? Given dys & cam = 0.05 m Tis 326°C + sats P+ 7100 000 Fa ® Uy * 30 m/s Tes m0 + S19.45 K P+ 950 000 Pa Solution + sti team type + open, steady flow ‘Aoply FLOT: ofan tur + sal] — = - tout OH + aw’ He = Lute ut 7 (ut - ut) 2ayg.7 KL. cs yoooy \. _ 4 (2948.7 5 amas tL) (1909) : 4] $78.36 m/e ei, heehe tat et so i Ae o Ae Tat neice (0.05 m)'( 30 mK) a (S18. 30 wie) Heo) (our.16 =) ‘4, = 0.01544 m2.35. Steam at 200(psia) and 600(°F) [state 1] enters a turbine through a 3-inch-diameter pipe with a velocity of 10(ft)'s~!. The exhaust from the turbine is carried through a 10-inch-diameter pipe and is at S(psia) and 200(°F) [state 2]. What is the power output of the turbine? Hy = 1322.6(Btu)(Ibq)~! 3.058(ft)*(Ibm)~! Hy = 1148.6(Btu)(Ibp,)~! V2 = 78.14% (lb)! Given : Required : P+ 200 pria wet T+ 00°F > Bin. = 0.96 f Uy = 10 ff 4, = 10 in, = 0.89 Ft Re B= 10 prio Th = 200°F Solution + cptem + turbine type ¢ open, ctady flow ‘erly FLT afar stu + s]s we we 2 A indut Wes ia + Law 4 spku eta a eeAal v va,» Mose ey (wees), + TA (3.068 Fg)” ONOE eve = L0.t008 Wm /5)(18.4 f2/ (My " 3 Ws 2204 ft We + mOH + Laut soru (0-r0t Hj. )(8.6 = 1312.6) gg + Contr toe [(a.sn 4)= (10 1)" [tO 27.683 BrU/, ee 0.02387 hp 1 eru/win + = 34.492 hp