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Electricity Billing Management System in C

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723 views6 pages

Electricity Billing Management System in C

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sarismachaudhary2
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Electricity Billing Management System in C

Project Overview
The Electricity Billing Management System is a C-based software application designed to handle
the billing process for electricity consumption automatically. This system allows users to input
customer details, calculate bills based on electricity consumption, display and save bills, and
manage customer records efficiently.

Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. System Requirements
3. System Design
4. Implementation
5. Testing and Validation
6. Conclusion
7. Future Enhancements
8. References

Chapter 1: Introduction
Objective

The objective of this project is to develop an automated billing management system that
calculates electricity bills based on the units consumed by customers. The system aims to:

 Minimize human error in billing calculations.


 Provide an easy-to-use interface for managing customer data.
 Save time by automating bill generation and record-keeping.

Scope

 The system handles the storage, retrieval, and modification of customer data.
 It calculates bills using a tiered rate system based on the number of units consumed.
 It provides functionalities to display, save, and read bills.

Technologies Used

 Programming Language: C
 IDE: Code::Blocks, Turbo C++, Dev C++, or any other C-compatible IDE
 File Handling: For storing and retrieving customer records.

Chapter 2: System Requirements


Hardware Requirements

 A computer with at least 2GB of RAM.


 Minimum of 10 MB of storage space for program and data files.
 A standard input/output device (keyboard and monitor).

Software Requirements

 C Compiler (e.g., GCC, Turbo C++)


 Text Editor (e.g., Code::Blocks, Dev C++, Visual Studio Code)

Chapter 3: System Design


Modules of the System

1. Input Customer Details: Collects customer information like name, address, contact, and
units consumed.
2. Calculate Electricity Bill: Computes the bill based on units consumed using a tiered rate
system.
3. Display Bill: Outputs the generated bill with all customer details.
4. Save and Retrieve Records: Stores the customer data and bill in a file and allows
reading back the records.

Flowchart of the System

 A flowchart can be created showing the sequence from data input, bill calculation,
display, and save operations.

Algorithm

1. Start.
2. Display the main menu with options.
3. Depending on user input:
o Input customer details.
o Calculate the bill based on units consumed.
o Display the bill.
o Save bill details to a file.
o Read and display saved records.
4. Repeat until the user exits.
5. Stop.

Chapter 4: Implementation
Code Implementation

Below is the complete code for the Electricity Billing Management System:

c
Copy code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

// Define a structure to hold customer details


struct Customer {
int id;
char name[50];
char address[100];
char contact[15];
float units;
float bill;
};

// Function prototypes
void inputCustomerDetails(struct Customer *c);
void calculateBill(struct Customer *c);
void displayBill(struct Customer c);
void saveToFile(struct Customer c);
void readFromFile();

int main() {
int choice;
struct Customer c;

do {
printf("\n--- Electricity Billing Management System ---\n");
printf("1. Input Customer Details\n");
printf("2. Calculate Bill\n");
printf("3. Display Bill\n");
printf("4. Save Bill to File\n");
printf("5. Read All Records\n");
printf("6. Exit\n");
printf("Enter your choice: ");
scanf("%d", &choice);

switch (choice) {
case 1:
inputCustomerDetails(&c);
break;
case 2:
calculateBill(&c);
break;
case 3:
displayBill(c);
break;
case 4:
saveToFile(c);
break;
case 5:
readFromFile();
break;
case 6:
printf("Exiting...\n");
break;
default:
printf("Invalid choice! Please try again.\n");
}
} while (choice != 6);

return 0;
}

// Function to input customer details


void inputCustomerDetails(struct Customer *c) {
printf("\nEnter Customer ID: ");
scanf("%d", &c->id);
printf("Enter Customer Name: ");
getchar(); // To consume the newline character left by scanf
fgets(c->name, 50, stdin);
c->name[strcspn(c->name, "\n")] = '\0'; // Remove trailing newline
printf("Enter Address: ");
fgets(c->address, 100, stdin);
c->address[strcspn(c->address, "\n")] = '\0';
printf("Enter Contact Number: ");
scanf("%s", c->contact);
printf("Enter Units Consumed: ");
scanf("%f", &c->units);
}

// Function to calculate electricity bill based on units consumed


void calculateBill(struct Customer *c) {
if (c->units <= 100) {
c->bill = c->units * 1.5;
} else if (c->units <= 200) {
c->bill = 100 * 1.5 + (c->units - 100) * 2.5;
} else {
c->bill = 100 * 1.5 + 100 * 2.5 + (c->units - 200) * 3.5;
}
printf("\nBill calculated successfully.\n");
}

// Function to display the bill


void displayBill(struct Customer c) {
printf("\n--- Electricity Bill ---\n");
printf("Customer ID: %d\n", c.id);
printf("Name: %s\n", c.name);
printf("Address: %s\n", c.address);
printf("Contact: %s\n", c.contact);
printf("Units Consumed: %.2f\n", c.units);
printf("Total Bill: %.2f\n", c.bill);
}

// Function to save customer details and bill to a file


void saveToFile(struct Customer c) {
FILE *file = fopen("billing_records.txt", "a");
if (file == NULL) {
printf("Error opening file!\n");
return;
}
fprintf(file, "%d,%s,%s,%s,%.2f,%.2f\n", c.id, c.name, c.address,
c.contact, c.units, c.bill);
fclose(file);
printf("\nBill saved to file successfully.\n");
}

// Function to read all records from the file


void readFromFile() {
FILE *file = fopen("billing_records.txt", "r");
if (file == NULL) {
printf("Error opening file!\n");
return;
}
struct Customer c;
printf("\n--- Customer Records ---\n");
while (fscanf(file, "%d,%[^,],%[^,],%[^,],%f,%f\n", &c.id, c.name,
c.address, c.contact, &c.units, &c.bill) != EOF) {
displayBill(c);
}
fclose(file);
}

Explanation of the Code

 Structure Customer: Defines a customer’s details including ID, name, address, contact
number, units consumed, and bill amount.
 Function Descriptions:
o inputCustomerDetails(): Takes input from the user for customer details.
o calculateBill(): Calculates the electricity bill based on a tiered rate system.
o displayBill(): Displays the customer’s bill.
o saveToFile(): Saves the customer’s details and bill to a file for future reference.
o readFromFile(): Reads and displays all saved records from the file.

Chapter 5: Testing and Validation


Test Cases
 Test Case 1: Normal Input - Test with units = 150; expected bill calculated according to
the rates defined.
 Test Case 2: Edge Case - Test with units = 100, 200; validate boundary calculations.
 Test Case 3: Invalid Input - Test with negative units or non-numeric values; ensure the
program handles errors gracefully.

Sample Input/Output

 Input: Customer details with units consumed = 250.


 Output: A displayed bill with calculated charges.

Chapter 6: Conclusion
The Electricity Billing Management System project successfully automates the billing process,
providing a user-friendly interface for managing customer data and generating accurate bills. The
project demonstrates efficient use of C programming concepts such as structures, file handling,
and modular design.

Chapter 7: Future Enhancements


 GUI Development: Upgrade to a graphical user interface for better usability.
 Online Payment Integration: Include features for bill payment through online gateways.
 Detailed Analysis: Add monthly/annual consumption analysis and reports.

Chapter 8: References
 C Programming Textbooks (e.g., "Let Us C" by Yashavant Kanetkar

4o

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