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Section 1.3

The document discusses Gaussian elimination for solving systems of linear equations, including when elimination may fail temporarily or permanently due to the values of parameters in the system. Several example systems are given and reduced to row echelon form through Gaussian elimination steps. Solutions are obtained for determining the number of solutions for a system based on the values of parameters.

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124 views3 pages

Section 1.3

The document discusses Gaussian elimination for solving systems of linear equations, including when elimination may fail temporarily or permanently due to the values of parameters in the system. Several example systems are given and reduced to row echelon form through Gaussian elimination steps. Solutions are obtained for determining the number of solutions for a system based on the values of parameters.

Uploaded by

aminajillani
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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16

Chapter

1 Matrices and Gaussian


7.

Elimination

For which numbers d does elimination break down (a) permanently, and (b) temporarily? a;t -r 3r'

: -3 4x*6Y: 6'

Solve for jr and -y after fixing the second breakdown by a row exchange'

8. For which

three numbers k does elimination break down? Which is fixed by a row exchange? In each case, is the number of solutions 0 or I or oo?

kxi3Y:

3;r*fr,t,__6.
9. What test on b1 and b2 decides whether these two equations allow many solutions will they have? Draw the column picture.
3x 6x
a solution? How

-2Y :

$t

4Y

l1''

Problems 10-19 study elimination on 3 by 3 systems (and possible failure).

10. Reduce this system to upper triangular form by two row operations:

2x*3Y* z:8 4x *'7Y l5z :20 2tt *22: 0.


Circle the pivots. Solve by back-substitution for z, )t ' x. 11. Apply elimination (circle the pivots) and back-substitution to solve

2x-3Y -3 4x-5Y{ ?.:J 2x-,y-32:5.


List the three row operations: Subtract

12.

from row --' - the triangular system Which number d forces a row exchange, and what is
times row

(not

singular) for that r/? which d makes this system singular (no third pivot)?

2x*5Y*z:0 4x*dYlz':2 J-Z:3.


13. Which number b leads later to a row exchange? Which b leads to In that singular case find a nonzero solution x, y ' z'
a missing pivot?

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