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Unit 2

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16 views3 pages

Unit 2

dsd

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24ecet02
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© © All Rights Reserved
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UNIT-II

COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS

1. Define Combinational circuit.


A combinational circuit consist of logic gates whose outputs at anytime are determined
directly from the present combination of inputs without regard to previous inputs.
2. What is a half-adder?
The combinational circuit that performs the addition of two bits is called a half adder.
3. What is a full-adder?
The combinational circuit that performs the addition of three bits is called a Full adder.
4. What is half- subtractor?
The combinational circuit that performs the subtraction of two bits are called a half-
subtractor.
5. What is a full-subtractor?
The combinational circuit that performs the subtraction of three bits is called a half-
subtractor.
6. What is Binary parallel adder?
A binary parallel adder is a digital function that produces the arithmetic sum of two
binary numbers in parallel.
7. Why parity checker is needed?
Parity checker is required at the receiver side to check whether the expected parity is
equal to the calculated parity or not. If they are not equal then it is found that the received data
has error.
8. What is meant by parity bit?
Parity bit is an extra bit included with a binary message to make the number of 1’s either
odd or even. The message, including the parity bit is transmitted and then checked at the
receiving and for errors.
9. Why parity generator necessary?
Parity generator is essential to generate parity bit in the transmitter.
10. What is BCD adder?
A BCD adder is a circuit that adds two BCD digits in parallel and produces a sum digit
also in BCD.
11. What is Magnitude Comparator?
A Magnitude Comparator is a combinational circuit that compares two numbers, A and B
and determines their relative magnitudes.
12. What is code conversion?
If two systems working with different binary codes are to be synchronized in operation,
then we need digital circuit which converts one system of codes to the other. The process of
conversion is referred to as code conversion.
13. What is code converter?
It is a circuit that makes the two systems compatible even though each uses a different
binary code. It is a device that converts binary signals from a source code to its output code. One
example is a BCD to Xs3 converter.
14. What do you mean by analyzing a combinational circuit?
The reverse process for implementing a Boolean expression is called as analyzing a
combinational circuit. (ie) the available logic diagram is analyzed step by step and finding the
Boolean function.
15. Explain the design procedure for combinational circuits
The problem definition
 Determine the number of available input variables & required O/P variables.
 Assigning letter symbols to I/O variables
 Obtain simplified Boolean expression for each O/P.
 Obtain the logic diagram.
16. Define Decoder?
A decoder is a multiple - input multiple output logic circuit that converts coded inputs
into coded outputs where the input and output codes are different.
17. What is binary decoder?
A decoder is a combinational circuit that converts binary information from n input lines
to a maximum of 2n out puts lines.
18. Define Encoder?
An encoder has 2n input lines and n output lines. In encoder the output lines generate the
binary code corresponding to the input value.
19. What is priority Encoder?
A priority encoder is an encoder circuit that includes the priority function. In priority
encoder, if 2 or more inputs are equal to 1 at the same time, the input having the highest priority
will take precedence.
20. Define multiplexer?
Multiplexer is a digital switch. If allows digital information from several sources to be
routed onto a single output line.
21. What do you mean by comparator?
A comparator is a special combinational circuit designed primarily to compare the
relative magnitude of two binary numbers.
22. What is meant by carry propagation delay?
In parallel adders, sum and carry outputs of any stage cannot be produced until the input
carry occurs. This time delay in the addition process is called carry propagation delay. This delay
increases with increase in the number of bits to be added in an adder circuit.
23. What is a parity bit generator?
A parity bit generator is a digital circuit that generates a bit called the parity bit to be
added to the data bits.

24. 24.Write a short note on one bit comparator.


It is a special combinational circuit designed primarily to compare the relative
magnitudes of two binary numbers. An n-bit comparator receives two n-bit numbers, A and
B outputs are: A>B, A=B and A<B. As per the magnitudes of the two numbers, one of the
outputs will be high.
25. Differentiate between a demultiplexer and a decoder.

S.No Decoder Demultiplexer


1 Decoder is a many inputs to many Demultiplexer is a one input to
outputs device. many outputs device.
2 There are no selection lines. The selection of specific output line
is controlled by the value of
selection lines.

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