1. What is the primary purpose of regression analysis? 9.

In logistic regression, the dependent variable is:

A) To describe the relationship between two variables A) Continuous
B) To predict the value of a dependent variable based on B) Categorical
one or more independent variables C) Binary
C) To test the significance of differences between group D) Ordinal
means
D) To visualize data trends 10. What does the term "overfitting" refer to in the context
of regression analysis?
2. In a simple linear regression model, which of the A) A model that has too few parameters
following is the dependent variable? B) A model that fits the training data too closely and
A) The variable being predicted performs poorly on new data
B) The variable used to predict C) A model with perfect predictions
C) The constant term D) A model that includes irrelevant predictors
D) The residual
1. A researcher fits a linear regression model and finds a p-
3. Which of the following assumptions is NOT required for value of 0.03 for the slope coefficient. What does this
linear regression? imply?
A) Linearity A) The slope is not statistically significant
B) Homoscedasticity B) There is strong evidence that the independent variable
C) Independence of errors affects the dependent variable
D) Normality of the dependent variable C) The model explains 3% of the variance
D) The relationship is perfectly linear
4. In multiple regression analysis, what does
multicollinearity refer to? 2. You run a regression analysis and find that R² = 0.85.
A) The presence of outliers What does this indicate?
B) The independence of residuals A) 85% of the dependent variable's variation is explained by
C) The correlation between independent variables the independent variable(s)
D) The relationship between the dependent variable and B) 15% of the dependent variable's variation is explained by
independent variables the independent variable(s)
C) The model is overfitting the data
5. A researcher finds that increasing study hours increases D) The model has no predictive power
test scores. In this context, which variable is likely the
independent variable? 3. During model evaluation, you notice that the residuals
A) Test scores are not randomly dispersed around zero. What should you
B) Study hours consider?
C) Both study hours and test scores A) The model is perfectly accurate
D) Neither B) The model may have a non-linear relationship
C) The independent variables are irrelevant
6. What is the purpose of the coefficient of determination D) The sample size is too small
(R²) in regression analysis?
A) To measure the strength of the relationship between the 4. In a multiple regression analysis, you find that one
independent and dependent variables predictor variable has a high variance inflation factor (VIF).
B) To indicate the slope of the regression line What should you do next?
C) To calculate the average of the dependent variable A) Remove the variable from the model
D) To predict future values B) Increase the sample size
C) Transform the variable
7. If the residuals from a regression model display a pattern D) Keep the variable as is
when plotted, what does this indicate?
A) The model fits the data well 5. You are analyzing the effect of advertising spend on
B) The model has omitted a key variable sales. After fitting your model, you find a significant positive
C) The assumptions of regression are met coefficient for advertising. What does this mean?
D) The dependent variable is normally distributed A) Advertising has no effect on sales
B) Increasing advertising spend is associated with higher
8. Which of the following methods can be used to check for sales
the presence of outliers in regression analysis? C) Sales predict advertising spend
A) Normal probability plot D) The model is incorrectly specified
B) Scatter plot of residuals
C) Box plot
D) All of the above
6. After fitting a regression model, you want to validate its 4. If you toss a coin three times, what is the probability of
performance. Which of the following methods would be getting exactly two heads?
best to assess its predictive power? A) 1/8
A) Checking for multicollinearity B) 3/8
B) Conducting a residual analysis C) 1/4
C) Performing cross-validation D) 5/8
D) Analyzing the correlation between variables
5. When rolling two six-sided dice, what is the probability of
7. In a logistic regression model, you want to interpret the getting a sum of 7?
odds ratio for a predictor variable. An odds ratio of 1.5 A) 1/6
indicates: B) 1/12
A) A decrease in the probability of the outcome C) 1/36
B) No effect on the outcome D) 5/36
C) A 50% increase in the odds of the outcome occurring
D) A perfect prediction of the outcome 6. A fair coin is tossed four times. How many possible
outcomes are there?
8. You have data that appears to have a quadratic A) 8
relationship. What is the best approach to model this? B) 16
A) Use a linear regression model C) 32
B) Transform the dependent variable D) 64
C) Include a squared term of the independent variable in
the regression model 7. What is the probability of rolling a number greater than 4
D) Exclude the quadratic relationship on a fair six-sided die?
A) 1/3
9. If your regression model has a high R² but performs B) 1/6
poorly on new data, what might be the issue? C) 1/2
A) The model is too simple D) 1/4
B) The model may be overfitting the training data
C) The sample size is too large 8. If you toss two coins, what is the probability of getting
D) The predictors are irrelevant two tails?
A) 1/4
10. You suspect that a predictor variable is causing a B) 1/2
significant change in the dependent variable, but it is also C) 1/3
highly correlated with another predictor. What should you D) 3/4
do?
A) Keep both predictors in the model 9. If you roll a die and flip a coin, what is the probability of
B) Remove the correlated predictor rolling a 3 and getting heads?
C) Center the predictors A) 1/12
D) Consider using regularization techniques like Ridge or B) 1/6
Lasso regression C) 1/8
D) 1/3
1. What is the probability of rolling a 4 on a fair six-sided
die? 10. What is the probability of getting all heads when tossing
A) 1/2 five fair coins?
B) 1/6 A) 1/32
C) 1/4 B) 1/16
D) 1/3 C) 1/8
D) 1/64
2. If you toss two coins, what is the probability of getting at
least one head?
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 3/4
D) 1

3. What is the probability of rolling an even number on a

fair six-sided die?
A) 1/3
B) 1/2
C) 1/6
D) 2/3