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A & DC UNIT 4 AK Draft 2

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18 views21 pages

A & DC UNIT 4 AK Draft 2

Uploaded by

Shirin Razdan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Course Branch Subject Name with Code Semester Assignment

Name Unit No.


B.Tech. ECE Analog & Digital Communication (IEC-404) 4 4

Objective types Questions – Answers (1 Mark each)

1. Which of these belongs to the category of Digital Modulation?


a). Phase Modulation
b). Amplitude Modulation
c). Frequency Shift Keying
d). Frequency Modulation
Ans: c). Frequency Shift
Keying

2. In BFSKs represent high frequency of carrier signals?


a). Binary 1
b). Binary 0
c). Neither a nor b
d). a & b

Ans: a). Binary 1

3. Which of these have Low Probability of Error?


a). ON-OFF Keying
b). FSK
c). PSK
d). ASK
Ans: b) FSK

4. What are the various advantages of FSK?


a). Immunity to Noise
b). Simple Transmission
c). Long-distance Transmission
d). All Mentioned Above

Ans: All Mentioned Above

5. Which of the following are the


digital modulation techniques?

a) ASK
b) PSK
c) FSK
d) All the above
Ans: d) All the above
Very Short Questions– Answers (2 Marks each)

1. What is binary phase shift keying? What are the advantages of QPSK.

Ans: Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) is a digital modulation scheme that uses two distinct
phase states (0° and 180°) to represent binary data. It is simple and robust with good noise
immunity.

Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) offers advantages such as higher data rates (since it
transmits two bits per symbol), better bandwidth efficiency, and improved noise performance.

2. Mention any four advantages of digital modulation over analog modulation.


Ans: Improved signal-to-noise ratio
Better security and encryption capabilities
Greater bandwidth efficiency
More efficient error detection and correction

3. What is digital modulation? Define QAM.

Ans: Digital modulation involves encoding digital information onto a carrier signal for
transmission. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) combines both amplitude and phase
variations of a carrier wave to encode data, allowing for higher data rates and improved spectral
efficiency.

4. Why is FSK and PSK signals are preferred over ASK signals.
Ans: FSK and PSK signals are preferred over ASK signals because they offer better noise immunity and
reliability. FSK is less susceptible to amplitude noise since it uses frequency changes, while PSK is robust
against both amplitude and frequency noise due to phase variations.

5. What are the advantages of M-ary signaling scheme.


Ans: M-ary signaling schemes offer the advantage of transmitting multiple bits per symbol, which
increases the data rate and improves bandwidth efficiency. They also enable more efficient use of
available spectrum and can provide better performance in terms of error rates.
Long Questions- Answers (7 Marks each)

1. Explain the generation and detection of BPSK. Differentiate between QPSK and BPSK.
2. Distinguish the error probability for BPSK and QPSK. List out the special features of QAM. Indicate
PSK always preferable over ASK in Coherent detection.

Ans:
3. Describe BFSK modulator and demodulator with block diagram. Compare a) ASK b) FSK c) BPSK.

Ans:
4. a) Compare all the digital modulation techniques. b) Derive the probability of error for a coherent
QPSK system.

Ans: Comparison:

• ASK: Simple, but poor noise immunity.


• FSK: Good noise immunity, simple implementation.
• PSK: Excellent noise immunity, efficient bandwidth usage.
• QAM: Combines amplitude and phase changes, high data rates and bandwidth efficiency .

Probability of Error for QPSK: Pe=Q(2EbN0)P_e = Q\left(\sqrt{\frac{2E_b}{N_0}}\right)Pe


=Q(N02Eb) where QQQ is the Q-function, EbE_bEb is the energy per bit, and N0N_0N0 is the
noise power spectral density.
5. Explain briefly the meaning and form of ASK, FSK and PSK. Why is ASK more susceptible to noise
th.an other digital modulation methods? Explain the advantages of differential phase-shift keying over
conventional PSK. How does quadrature phase-shift keying differ from binary phase-shift keying.

Ans: ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying):

• Amplitude changes to represent binary data.


• Susceptible to noise because amplitude can be easily affected by channel variations.

FSK (Frequency Shift Keying):

• Frequency changes to represent binary data.

PSK (Phase Shift Keying):

• Phase changes to represent binary data.

Advantages of Differential PSK:

• No need for a reference phase.


• Improved performance in environments with phase ambiguity.

Difference between QPSK and BPSK:

• QPSK: Uses four phases to represent two bits per symbol.


• BPSK: Uses two phases to represent one bit per symbol .

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