CONTEST 13

ROUND 1
1. What is the mechanical advantage of simple machine which overcomes a 100 N load with a 10 N
effort?
ANSWER: 10

2. What is the velocity ratio of a simple machine with which a 2 m displacement of the effort results i a
0.5 m displacement of the load?
ANSWER: 4

3. What is the velocity ratio of an ideal machine whose mechanical advantage is 5?

ANSWER: 5

PREAMBLE: Find the integral

4. ∫ ( 3 x 2−4 x ) dx

ANSWER: x3 – 2x2 + C

5. ∫ ( 5 x 4 −9 x 2) dx

ANSWER: x5 – 3x3 + C

6. ∫ ( 4 x 3 +5 ) dx

ANSWER: x4 + 5x + C

7. Name the hormone that stimulates the ripening of fruits

ANSWER: Ethylene / ethene

8. Which type of movement causes the rapid folding of the leaves of a sensitive plant?
ANSWER:Nastic movement

9. Name the type of lateral meristem that produces secondary vascular tissues in plants.
ANSWER: Vascularcambium

10. Calculate the average rate of a reaction if it takes 20 minutes for the initial concentration of
the reactant 0.1moldm-3 to decrease to 0.04moldm-3 . Give the units.
Ans: Av. Rate = change in concentration/time
= 0.06/20*60 = 6*10-2/12*102
= 5.0*10-5moldm-3s-1.
11. If the average rate of a reaction is 2*10-3 moldm-3s-1calculate how long it will take an initial

concentration of 0.1moldm-3 of a reactant to decrease by 70%.

 ANSWER: 2*10-3 = 0.07/t
t = 0.07/2*10-3 = 70/2 = 35seconds.

12. The average rate of a first order reaction is 3.5*10-3moldm-3s-1 when the concentration of

reactant is 0.05moldm-3. Calculate the rate constant and give its units.

ANSWER: Rate = k [A]

3.5*10-3 = k [5*10-2]
k = 3.5*10-3 / 5*10-2
= 0.7*10-1 = 7.0*10-2s-1.

13. What is the location of the centre of gravity of a flat square plate?

ANSWER: Centre of the plate (intersection of the diagonals)

14. What is the location of the centre of gravity of a flat plate in the shape of an equilateral triangle?

ANSWER: Intersection of the bisectors or centroid

Or intersection of the medians

15. What is the location of the centre of gravity of a flat plate in the shape of an isosceles triangle?

ANSWER: Intersection of the medians or centroid

PREAMBLE :Find the centre and the radius of the given circle

16. x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 3 = 0

ANSWER: centre (2, -3), radius = 4 [(x – 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 3 + 9 + 4 = 16]

17. x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y – 4 = 0

ANSWER: centre (-1, 2), radius = 3 [(x + 1)2 + (y - 2)2 = 4 + 1 + 4 = 9]

18. x2 + y2 – 2x – 3 = 0

ANSWER: centre (1, 0), radius = 2 [(x - 1)2 + y2 = 3 + 1 = 4]

19. What are triglycerides composed of

ANSWER: Glycerol and fatty acids

20. What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

ANSWER. nucleotides

21. Which nitrogen base is present in DNA but absent in RNA?

ANSWER: Thymine
22. Define the term ‘alloy’.
ANSWER: It is a solid solution.

23. What are the major components of steel?

ANSWER: Iron and Carbon

24. Iron pyrites is one of the ores of iron with the formula, FeS2. What happens to the ore when
fed into the blast furnace and how is the sulphur eliminated.
ANSWER: FeS2 is first converted into Fe2O3 and SO2. The SO2 is allowed to escape
from the furnace.

25. What is the maximum stress a material can sustain without undergoing permanent deformation?

ANSWER: Elastic limit

26. What is the maximum stress for which the strain in a material is proportional to stress?
ANSWER: Proportional limit

27. What is the ratio of stress to strain for an elastic material?

ANSWER: Young’s modulus

PREAMBLE: Factorise completely

28. 2a2 – 6b + 6a – 2ab

ANSWER: 2(a - b)(a + 3) [2a2 – 2ab + 6a – 6b = 2a(a - b) + 6(a - b) = 2(a - b)(a + 3)]

29. 9a2b – 25b3

ANSWER: b(3a – 5b)(3a + 5b) [b(9a2 – 25b2) = b(3a – 5b)(3a + 5b)]

30. 3ac – 6ad – 2bc + 4bd

ANSWER: (c – 2d)(3a – 2b) [3a(c – 2d) – 2b(c – 2d) = (c – 2d)(3a – 2b)]

31. .An animal has 36 chromosomes in each of its body cells. How many of these chromosomes
came from its male parent?
ANSWER 18

32. What is produced when chromosomes replicate

ANSWER: Chromatids
33. In humans, maleness or femaleness is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes called X and
Y. What is the genotype for males and females?
ANSWER: The male genotype is XY, the female genotype is XX.

34. How would you call the energy change for the reaction 3H2(g) +N2(g)→2NH3(g)
ANSWER: Enthalpy of formation of ammonia.

35. When one mole of HCl in solution reacts with half a mole of Mg(OH)2 at 25₀C and 100kPa,
about 57 kJ of heat is evolved. What is this called?
ANSWER: Standard enthalpy of neutralization

36. When one mole of ammonium chloride is dissolved in 1 litre of water at 298K and 100kPa, a
certain amount of heat is absorbed. What is the heat absorbed called?
ANSWER: Standard enthalpy of solution.
 PROBLEM OF THE DAY
A small hole is made in the side of a large tank 5 m below the surface of a liquid of density
−3 2
900 kg m in the tank. The cross-sectional area of the hole is 2 cm . The acceleration due to
gravity near the location of the tank is 10 m s−2.

a. Determine the pressure at the depth of the hole.

b. Determine the speed with which liquid emerges from the hole.

c. Determine the volume flow rate from the hole; that is, the volume of fluid that exits the
hole in unit time.

Solution

a. p= ρgH =900 kg / m3 × 5 m×10 m / s 2=45000 Pa.

b. v=√ 2 gH= √ 2 ×10 m s−2 × 5 m=10 m / s.

c. Volume flow rate= Av=2 ×10−4 m2 ×10 m s−1=2 ×10−3 m3 s−1.

 ROUND 3 TRUEOR FALSE

1. Electronegativities of the elements in the second period of the Periodic Table increase
from lithium to fluorine.
ANSWER: True

2. The electron affinity of carbon is higher than that of nitrogen.

ANSWER: False

3. The first ionization energy of carbon is lower than that of nitrogen.

ANSWER: True

4. Tapeworms absorb food from their host’s intestine directly through the skin (True)

5. Flatworms can reproduce sexually and asexually(True)

6. Flatworms have a circulatory system (True)

7. Every relation is a mapping.

ANSWER: False

8. All mappings are one to one.

ANSWER: False

9. Functions are not mappings.

ANSWER: False

10. The power dissipated by a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing
through it. False

11. The higher the current flowing through a resistor the greater the power dissipated.
True

12. The power dissipated by a resistor is directly proportional to the square of the
voltage across it. True
13. 2- Methyl pentane and 3- Methyl pentane are examples of structural isomers.
ANSWER: True (They are also positional isomers)

14. Dimethyl ether and ethanol are examples of structural isomers.

ANSWER: True (They are also functional group isomers).
15. 2- Propanone and propanal are examples of stereoisomers.
ANSWER: Fasle (They are structural isomers/ functional group isomers.)

16. Autotrophs produce inorganic compounds that serve as food for them and other
organisms (False)

17. Angiosperms produce naked seeds (False)

18. Photosynthesis involves the breakdown of organic molecules (False)

19. The line y = 2x passes through the origin.

ANSWER: True

20. The line y = 2x + 3 passes though the point (0, 3).

ANSWER: True

21. The line x = 3 intersects the y-axis.

ANSWER: False

22. The mass of a nucleus equals the sum of the masses of the protons and neutrons it
contains. False

23. The mass of a neutron is slightly larger than the mass of a proton. True

24. The mass of a deuterium nucleus is slightly less than the mass of a proton plus
that of a neutron. True

1.
 ROUND 4RIDDLES

RIDDLE 1
1. My name is a big contradiction.
2. I am supposed to be hard but I am not even a solid.
3. I am told I am hard simply because I am harsh on soaps but not on detergents.
4. I am usually an aqueous solution containing small amounts of multivalent cations.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Hard water

RIDDLE 2
1. I belong to the kingdom Plantae
2. I exhibit a range of morphology from unicellular to multicellular
3. My largest and most complex forms are known as seaweeds
4. I form a symbiotic association with fungus to form a lichen
5. A gelatinous substance derived from some of my members serves as a good medium
on which to grow bacteria and fungi
WHO AM I? Alga/Algae

RIDDLE 3
1. I am a device for measuring temperature.
2. Unlike many temperature measuring devices, I can measure temperatures without
being in contact with the object whose temperature I measure.
3. I operate by measuring thermal radiation.
4. My name begins with the Greek word for fire
Who am I?
ANSWER: Pyrometer

RIDDLE 4
1. I am a two digit number between 25 and 45.
2. The sum of my digits is 10 and the difference of my digits is a square.
3. I am a prime.
4. The number formed by reversing my digits is also a prime.
Who am I?
ANSWER: 37