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58 views3 pages

Question Bank

Uploaded by

vvsudarsan.16
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here is a question bank covering the key concepts you are studying in Information Theory and

Cryptography:

### **Information Theory**

#### **1. Entropy**

- Define entropy in the context of information theory.

- How is Shannon's entropy calculated? Provide the formula and an example.

- Explain the significance of entropy in measuring uncertainty.

- Compare and contrast conditional entropy and joint entropy.

#### **2. Source Coding and Prefix Coding**

- What is the objective of source coding in information theory?

- Explain the prefix coding scheme with an example.

- Differentiate between fixed-length and variable-length codes.

- What are the properties of prefix codes? How do they ensure instantaneous decoding?

#### **3. Channel Capacity**

- Define channel capacity and its importance in information theory.

- Explain Shannon’s theorem on channel capacity.

- How does noise affect channel capacity?

#### **4. Compression Algorithms**

##### **Optimal Compression**

- What is meant by optimal compression? Provide an example of an algorithm.

##### **Huffman Coding**

- How does the Huffman coding algorithm work? Illustrate with an example.

- Why is Huffman coding optimal for lossless compression?

##### **Adaptive Huffman Compression**

- What is adaptive Huffman coding? How does it differ from static Huffman coding?

##### **Dictionary-Based Compression**


- Describe the Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) compression algorithm.

- What are the advantages of dictionary-based compression over other techniques?

##### **Speech Compression**

- Explain the significance of speech compression and common techniques used in this domain.

#### **5. Error Control Coding Techniques**

##### **Types of Codes**

- What are linear block codes? Explain with an example.

- Differentiate between Hamming codes and cyclic codes.

##### **Methods for Error Checking and Correcting Codes**

- Explain how parity bits are used for error detection.

- Describe the process of error correction using Hamming codes.

- How do Reed-Solomon codes work for error correction?

### **Cryptographic Techniques**

#### **1. Security Goals**

- What are the primary goals of information security?

- Explain the concepts of confidentiality, integrity, and availability in cryptography.

#### **2. Threats and Attacks on Information**

- What are the most common types of cryptographic attacks?

- Differentiate between passive and active attacks.

- Explain how man-in-the-middle attacks are executed and how they can be prevented.

#### **3. Classic Cryptography**

- Explain the difference between classical and modern cryptography.

- Describe the Caesar cipher and its limitations.

#### **4. Symmetric Key Cryptography**

##### **Stream Ciphers**


- What is a stream cipher? Provide an example of one.

- How do stream ciphers differ from block ciphers?

##### **Block Ciphers**

- What is a block cipher? Explain its working with an example.

- Compare the modes of operation in block ciphers (e.g., ECB, CBC, CFB).

##### **DES and Triple DES**

- Explain the Data Encryption Standard (DES). Why is it considered insecure today?

- How does Triple DES improve upon DES?

#### **5. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)**

- Explain the structure and operation of AES.

- Why is AES considered more secure than DES?

#### **6. Public and Private Key Cryptography**

- What is the difference between symmetric and asymmetric cryptography?

- How does the RSA algorithm work? Provide its key steps.

- What is the significance of the Diffie-Hellman key exchange algorithm?

#### **7. Hash Functions**

##### **MD5 and SHA-1**

- Explain how MD5 works and its vulnerabilities.

- Compare MD5 and SHA-1. Why is SHA-1 preferred over MD5?

#### **8. Digital Signature**

- What is a digital signature? How does it ensure security in communications?

- Explain the role of digital signatures in public key infrastructure (PKI).

This question bank will help you reinforce and test your understanding of each topic for your exams!

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