Introduction to the computer

What is computer?
Computer is an electronic automatic device that has the ability to input process and output
data.
Types of the computer
Computer can be classified according to their size as follows:
1. Main frame computers
2. Mini-computers
3. Micro computers or personal computers ( pc )
4. Super computer
Personal computers ( pc )
It consist of
1. Input units
2. Output units
3. System units
Input units consist of
1. Keyboard
2. Mouse
3. Microphone
Output units consist of the following instrument:
1. Monitor or screen
2. Speakers
3. Printer

Teacher:Abdifatah Mohamed Adan (Abdiyey)

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System unit:-
System is the heart of the computer and it’s also called central processing
unit ( CPU ).
CPU contains
1. Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)
2. Control unit
3. Memory unit
Hardware.
Your computer made up of many parts called hardware your hardware runs software.
Hardware parts
Hardware: the hardware that makes up the most basic computer system includes:
monitor/display, keyboard, and mouse and system unit. The system unit holds the
computer’s processor, memory, disk drives and video card.
Keyboard
You use the keyboard to type instructions for your computer that you want to process: all
keyboards have letter keys, Punctuation keys, Spacebar keys, Function keys, Numeric keys,
and Arrow keys, Alt, Ctrl, Shift, Enter and Backspace.
Arrow keys
In most the arrow keys help you move around on your screen.
Function keys
Function keys send instruction to the software that you are using, and consist of:
F1----------------------------------------------------------------f12
Ports
Ports locate the back of the system, ports are sockets that you use to plug in your keyboard,
monitor and additional hardware such as printer or mouse that you want to add your system.

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Disks
There are four kinds of disks
1. Hard disk
2. Floppy disk
3. CD ROM
4. Flash disk
Starting Ms-Dos from program command
1. Click start button
2. Choose all programs
3. Choose accessories
4. Choose command prompt
Starting Ms-Dos from run command
1. Click start button and then click run
2. Type cmd in the run command box and press enter
3. Type Cls to clean the screen
4. Cls means (clean the screen)
Displaying Date
1. Type (Date) at the command prompt
2. Press enter
3. A message similar to the following appears on screen
4. The current date is: Tue 10/2/2019
You will see MM, DD, YY
Mm stands for month, dd stands for day and yy stands for year.

Teacher:Abdifatah Mohamed Adan (Abdiyey)

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Displaying time
1. Type (time) at the command prompt
2. Press enter
3. A message similar to the following appears on the screen.
4. The current time is: 1:14:48
Enter the new time.
Label command
The label creates changes and deletes the volume label (name) of the local disk (c)
Displaying label
1. Type (VOL) at the command line
2. Press enter
3. You will see internal name of your disk
To delete current volume Label
1. Type (VOL) at the command line
2. Press enter twice
3. You will see delete current label y\n
4. Press y for yes to delete the current label
5.press enter

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Prompt
This command makes you a new command prompt;
Prompt can be made up the following
Prompt $Q = (equal sign)
Prompt $$ $ (dollar sign)
Prompt $G > ( greater than )
Prompt $L < ( less than )
Prompt current drive
Copy con command
To create files follow these steps
1.Type ( copy con ) at the command line
2. Press space bar
3. Type the file name
4. Press enter
5. Type your text
Saving a files
To save files follow these steps
1. Press CTRL+Z or F6
2. Press enter
To open a file
To open a file follow these steps
1. Write (type) at the command line
2. Press spacebar then the filename

Teacher:Abdifatah Mohamed Adan (Abdiyey)

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Renaming a file
1. Type (Ren) at the command line
2. Press spacebar
3. Type the old name press spacebar and type the new name
4. Press enter
Example: c:\> ren wf yf
Deleting files
1.Type (Del) at the command line
2. Press spacebar
3. Type the file name
4. Press enter
Directions
Directory is a category that you can store agroup of files.
Directories can be divided into three parts.
1. Rood directory
2. Directory
3. Sub directory
Example:-Arafat\baydhabo
C:\> is the rood directory, Arafat is the directory and baydhabo is the sub directory.
Creating a directory
1. Type (MD press spacebar
2. Type directory name
3. Press enter

Teacher:Abdifatah Mohamed Adan (Abdiyey)

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Entering a directory
1. Type (CD) press spacebar
2. Type a directory name
3. Press enter
Creating sub-directory
1. Type (MD) press spacebar
2. Type the sub directory name
3. Press enter
Entering a sub directory
1. Type (CD) press spacebar
2. Type sub-directory name
3. Press enter
Exciting directory
1. Type CD\
2. Press enter
3. Type CLS
Ms-dos editor
Starting ms-dos editor
1. Type (Edit) at the command prompt
2. Press enter
Exciting to the editor
1. Press (Alt) to activate the menu
2. Press (F) to select menu
3. Press (X) for exit

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Save command
1. Type your text
2. Press (Alt) to activate the menu
3. Press (F) to select file menu
4. Press (S) to select save from the list
5. Type the file name in save box
6.press enter
New command
1. Press (Alt) to activate the menu
2. Press (F) to select file
3. Press (N) to select mew from the list
Opening a document
1. Press (Alt) to activate the menu
2. Press (F) to select file menu
3. Press (O) to select open from the list
4. In the open dialogue box type the name of the file you want to open
5. Press enter
How to select a text
1. Position the cursor under the first line you want to select.
2. Press and hold down the shift key
3. Use up, down ,left and right arrow to select the text.

Teacher:Abdifatah Mohamed Adan (Abdiyey)

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Copying command
1. Select the text to copy
2. Press (Alt) to activate the menu
3. Press (E) to select edit menu
4. Press (C) to select copy from the list
Past command
1. Press (Alt) to activate the menu
2. Press (E) to select edit menu
3. Press (P) to select past from the list
Cutting text
1. Select the text to move
2. Press (Alt) to activate the menu
3. Press (E) to select edit menu
4. Press (T) to select cut from the list
5. Press enter
Past command
1. Press ( Alt) to activate the menu
2. Press (E) to select edit menu
3. Press (P) to select past from the list
Find command
1. Place the cursor where you want to start finding
2. Press (Alt) to activate the menu
3. press (S) to select search menu
4. Press (F) to select find command
5. In the opening dialogue box type the word you are looking for
6. Press enter
Teacher:Abdifatah Mohamed Adan (Abdiyey)
9 E-mail alkownaynedu@gmail.com
Replace command
1. Place the cursor where you want to start replacing
2. press (Alt) to activate the menu
3. Press (S) to select search menu
4. Press (R) to replace
5. Type the word you want to change in the find what box
6. Press tab once type the new word in the replace with bo x
7. Choose replace all
8. Press enter
Changing the color of the screen
1. Press ( Alt ) to activate the menu
2. Press (O) to select options
3. Press (C) for color
4. Press tab to change foreground and background
5. Press enter

MS- Dos Ended

Be Ready For the Next Book

Teacher:Abdifatah Mohamed Adan (Abdiyey)

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