Civil Procedure

(Patterned after the 2024 Remedial Law Syllabus)

I. General Principles
1. (Maritime Company of the Philippines v. Paredes, G.R. No. L-24811, March 3, 1967) - Golda Pugales
2. (Jose v. Javellana, G.R. No. 158239, January 25, 2012) - William Abarca
3. (Bustos v. Lucero, G.R. No. L-2068, October 20, 1948) - Roy Rebosura

A. Substantive Law vs. Remedial Law

1. (People vs. Moner, G.R. No. 202206. March 05, 2018) - Piazac Untalan
2. (Tan vs. CA, G.R. No. 136368, January 16, 2002) - Alejo Tolledo
3. (Spouses Tirona vs. Alejo, G.R. No. 129313, October 10, 2001) - Alma
4. (Go vs. Sunbanun, G.R. No. 168240, February 9, 2011) - Fernan Del Espiritu Santo
5. (Primicias vs. Ocampo, G.R. No. L-6120, June 30, 1953) - Anne Teta

B. Rule-Making Power of the Supreme Court

1. (Neypes vs. CA, G.R. No. 141524, September 14, 2005) - Abi Valerio
2. (Pinga vs. Heirs of Santiago, G.R. No. 170354, June 30, 2006) - Arlene Pia
3. (Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Mirant Pagbilao Corporation, G.R. No. 159593, October 16,
2006) - Bernardo Flores
4. (Labao v. Flores, G.R. No. 187984, 2010) - Lumen Rizada
5. (De Guzman vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 103276, April 11, 1996) - Ce

C. Principle of Judicial Hierarchy

1. (Unduran v. Aberasturi, G.R. No. 181284, April 18, 2017) - Anna Manuel
2. (Osmeña III v. Abaya, G.R. No. 214756, January 13, 2016) - Harry Ababon
3. (Lanao del Norte Electric Cooperative, Inc. v. Provincial Government of Lanao del Norte, G.R. No.
185420, August 29, 2017) - Dabert Candado
4. (Gios-Samar, Inc. vs. DoTC, G.R. No. 217158, March 12, 2019) - Celyn Fernando
5. (Intramuros Admin. vs. Offshore Construction Development Company, G.R. No. 196795, March 7,
2018) - Elaine
6. (Palafox, Jr., vs. Mendiola G.R. No. 209551, February 15, 2021) - Cruz, Katherine

D. Doctrine of Non-Interference/Judicial Stability

1. (Metro Rail Transit Development Corp. v. Trackworks Rail Transit Advertising, Vending and Promotions,
Inc., G.R. No. 204452, June 28, 2021) - Ella Osorio
2. (Lapu-Lapu Development and Housing Corporation vs. Group Management Corporation, G.R. No.
141407, September 9, 2002) - Jaziel Ann Resuento
3. (Villamor vs. Salas, G.R. No. 101041, November 13, 1991) - Fara Hornedo
4. (Manliguez vs. CA, G.R. No. 92598, May 20, 1994) - Marites Pardilla
5. (Sps. Crisologo v. Omelio, A.M. No. RTJ-12-2321, 03 Oct. 2012, citing Sec. 16, Rule 39, ROC, as
amended, and quoting Naguit v. CA, G.R. No. 137675, 05 Dec. 2000) - RC
6. (Mañalac vs. Hon. Gellada, A.M. No. RTJ-18-2535) - Romela Polo
7. (Suico Industrial Corporation vs. CA, G.R. No. 123050, January 20, 1999) - Rummel Fenix
8. (Metro Rail Transit Development Corp. v. Trackworks Rail Transit Advertising, Vending and Promotions,
Inc., G.R. No. 204452, June 28, 2021) - Ella Osorio
(Philippines Sinter Corporation vs. Cagayan Electric Power and Light Co., Inc., G.R. No. 127371, April 25,
2002) - William Abarca

II. Jurisdiction
(Cruz v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 238640, July 1, 2020) - Roy Rebosura
(Echegaray vs. Secretary of Justice, 301 SCRA 96) - Piazac Untalan
(Herrera vs. Barretto, G.R. No. 8692, September 10, 1913) - Alejo Tolledo
(Sec. 1, Art. VIII, 1987 Constitution)
(Bacalso vs. Ramolete, G.R. No. L-22488, October 26, 1967) - Alma
(Maloles II vs. Phillips, G.R. No. 129505, 2000 Jan 31, 2nd Division) - Fernan Del Espiritu Santo
(Narra Nickel Mining v. Redmont, G.R. No. 195580, 2014) - Anne Teta
(Batong Buhay Gold Mines, Inc. v. Dela Serna, G.R. No. 86963 (Resolution), August 6, 1999) - Abi Valerio
(Republic v. Miller, G.R. No. 125932, April 21, 1999) - Arlene Pia
(Heirs of Dragon v. The Manila Banking Corp., G.R. No. 205068, March 6, 2019) - Bernardo Flores

A. Classification of Jurisdiction
1. Original vs. Appellate
(Garcia vs. De Jesus, G.R. No. 88158, March 4, 1992) - Lumen Rizada

2. General vs. Special

(Unduran v. Aberasturi, G.R. No. 181284, April 18, 2017) - Anna Manuel
(Durisol Philippines, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 121106, February 20, 2002) - Ce
(Agtarap v. Agtarap, G.R. Nos. 177099 & 177192, June 8, 2011) - Harry Ababon

3. Exclusive vs. Concurrent

(Pat-og, Sr. vs. Civil Service Commission, G.R. No. 198755, June 5, 2013) - Dabert Candado
(Land Bank of the Phils. v. Honeycomb Farms Corp., G.R. No. 166259, November 12, 2012) - Celyn
Fernando
(Republic v. Sereno, G.R. No. 237428, May 11, 2018) - Elaine
(Office of the Ombudsman v. Mislang, G.R. No. 207926, October 15, 2018) - Cruz, Katherine

B. Doctrines of Hierarchy of Courts, Primary Jurisdiction, Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies and

Adherence of Jurisdiction, Equity Jurisdiction, Epistolary Jurisdiction, Split Jurisdiction, Expanded
Jurisdiction, Ancillary Jurisdiction and Residual Jurisdiction
(Patdu, Jr. v. Carpio-Morales, G.R. No. 230171, September 27, 2021) - Ella Osorio
(Gios-Samar, Inc. v. Department of Transportation and Communications, G.R. No. 217158, March 12,
2019) - Celyn Fernando
(Santiago v. Vasquez, G.R. Nos. 99289-90, 27 Jan. 1993) - Jaziel Ann Resuento
(Pimentel v. Senate Committee as a Whole, G.R. No. 187714, March 8, 2011) - Fara Hornedo
(Rosito Bagunu vs. Spouses Francisco Aggabao and Rosenda Acerit, G.R. No. 186487, August 15, 2011) -
Marites Pardilla
(Cabungcal v. Lorenzo, G.R. No. 160367, December 18, 2009) - RC
(Pio Delos Reyes [Deceased], Represented by Heirs Fidel Delos Reyes, et al. vs. Honorable Waldo Q.
Flores, G.R. No. 168726, March 5, 2010) - Romela Polo
(Ramos v. Central Bank of the Philippines, G.R. No. L-29352, October 4, 1971) - Rummel Fenix
(Republic v. Sereno, G.R. No. 237428, May 11, 2018) - Elaine
(Office of the Ombudsman v. Mislang, G.R. No. 207926, October 15, 2018) - Cruz, Katherine
(Regulus Development, Inc. v. Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 198172, January 25, 2016) - Golda Pugales
(Development Bank of the Philippines v. Carpio, G.R. No. 195450, February 1, 2017) - William Abarca
(Agustus Gonzales and Spouses Nestor Victor and Maria Lourdes Rodriguez vs. Quirico Pe, G.R. No.
167398, August 9, 2011) - Roy Rebosura
(Katon v. Palanca, Jr., G.R. No. 151149, Sep. 7, 2004) - Piazac Untalan
(Development Bank of the Philippines v. Carpio, G.R. No. 195450, February 1, 2017) - William Abarca
(City of Manila v. Grecia-Cuerdo, G.R. No. 175723, February 4, 2014) - Alejo Tolledo
(Gios-Samar, Inc. v. Department of Transportation and Communications, G.R. No. 217158, March 12,
2019) - Celyn Fernando
(Malaloan v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 104879, May 6, 1994) - Alma

C. Jurisdiction of Various Philippine Courts and Tribunals

1. Supreme Court
(1987 Constitution; BP Blg. 129; R.A. 7691; R.A. 11576; R.A. 10660; P.D. 1606)
2. Court of Appeals
(1987 Constitution; BP Blg. 129; R.A. 7691; R.A. 11576)
3. Court of Tax Appeals
(1987 Constitution; BP Blg. 129; R.A. 7691; R.A. 11576; R.A. 10660; P.D. 1606)
4. Sandiganbayan
(R.A. 10660)
(Serana vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 162059, January 22, 2008) - Fernan Del Espiritu Santo
(De Lima v. Guerrero, G.R. No. 229781 , October 10, 2017) - Anne Teta
5. Regional Trial Courts
(1987 Constitution; BP Blg. 129; R.A. 7691; R.A. 11576; R.A. 10660; P.D. 1606)
6. Family Courts
(People v. Dela Torre-Yadao, G.R. No. 162144-54, November 13, 2012) - Abi Valerio
7. Metropolitan Trial Courts, Municipal Trial Courts, Municipal Trial Courts in cities, and Municipal Circuit
Trial Courts (Republic Act No. (RA) 11576, An Act Further Expanding the Jurisdiction of First-Level Courts)
(1987 Constitution; BP Blg. 129; R.A. 7691; R.A. 11576)

D. Aspects of Jurisdiction
1. Jurisdiction Over the Subject Matter
(Del Monte Land Transport Bus, Co. v. Armenta, G.R. No. 240144, February 3, 2021) - Arlene Pia
(Boston Equity Resources, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 173946, June 19, 2013) - Bernardo Flores
(Dy Buncio v. Ramos, G.R. No. 206120, March 23, 2022) - Lumen Rizada

2. Jurisdiction Over the Parties

(De Pedro v. Romasan Development Corporation, G.R. No. 194751, November 26, 2014) - Ce
(Garcia v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 170122 & 171381, October 12, 2009) - Anna Manuel
(Boston Equity Resources, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 173946, June 19, 2013) - Bernardo Flores
(Heirs of Josefina Gabriel v. Cebrero, G.R. No. 222737, November 12, 2018) - Dabert Candado
(St. Louis University vs. Cobarrubias, G.R. No. 187104, August 03, 2010) - Jaziel Ann Resuento
(Unicapital, Inc. vs. Consing, Jr., G.R. Nos. 175277 & 175285, September 11, 2013) - Celyn Fernando
(Jorgenetics Swine Improvement Corp. v. Thick & Thin Agri-Products, Inc., G.R. Nos. 201044 & 222691,
May 5, 2021) - Ella Osorio
(Sabado v. Sabado, G.R. No. 214270, May 12, 2021) - Fara Hornedo
(Delos Santos vs. Montesa, G.R. No. 73531. April 6, 1993) - Marites Pardilla

3. Jurisdiction Over the Issues

(Bernabe v. Vergara, G.R. No. L-48652, September 16, 1942) - RC
(Radaza v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 201380, August 4, 2021 - Romela Polo
4. Jurisdiction Over the Res or the Property in Litigation
(Republic vs. Herbieto, G.R. No. 156117, May 26, 2005) - Rummel Fenix
(Romualdez-Licaros vs. Licaros, G.R. No. 150656, April 29, 2003) - Golda Pugales
(De Joya v. Marquez, G.R. No. 162416, January 31, 2006) - William Abarca

E. Jurisdiction vs. Exercise of Jurisdiction

(Heirs of Borras v. Heirs of Borras, G.R. No. 213888, April 25, 2022) - Roy Rebosura

F. Jurisdiction vs. Venue

(Salvador v. Patricia, Inc., G.R. No. 195834, November 9, 2016) - Piazac Untalan
(Pilipinas Shell Petroleum Corp. v. Royal Ferry Services, Inc., G.R. No. 188146, February 1, 2017) - Alejo
Tolledo
(Nocum v. Tan, 470 SCRA 639, 645) - Alma
(City of Lapu-Lapu v. Philippine Economic Zone Authority, G.R. No. 184203, Nov. 26, 2014) - Jaziel Ann
Resuento
(Rudolf Lietz Holdings, Inc. v. Registry of Deeds of Parañaque City, G.R. No. G.R. No. 133240 (2000)
(Lao v. Republic, 479 SCRA 439) - Fernan Del Espiritu Santo
G. Jurisdiction Over Cases Covered by Barangay Conciliation, and Cases Covered by the Rules on
Expedited Procedures in the First Level Courts (Administrative Matter (A.M.) No. 08-8-7-SC, as amended,
approved on March 1, 2022)
Secs. 410-413 of the Local Government Code of 1991
(Zamora vs. Heirs of Izquierdo, G.R. No. 146195, November 18, 2004) - Anne Teta
(Candido vs. Macapagal, G.R. No. 101328, April 07, 1993) - Abi Valerio
(Sanchez vs. Topaz, 158 SCRA 459) - Arlene Pia
(Uy vs. Contreras, G.R. No. 111416, September 26, 1994) - Bernardo Flores
(Ngo vs. Gabelo G.R. No. 207707, August 24, 2020) - Lumen Rizada
(Spouses Santos v. Spouses Lumbao, 519 SCRA 408) - Ce

III. Civil Procedure (A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC)

A. General Provisions, including scope and application of the Rules of Court (Rule 1)
(Alvero vs. de la Rosa, G.R. No. L-286, March 29, 1946) - Anna Manuel
(Lopez vs. Compania de Seguros, G.R. No. L-19613, April 30, 1966) - Ce
(Heirs of Bautista vs. Lindo (G.R. No. 208232, March 10, 2014) - Dabert Candado
(Manila Railroad vs. Attorney-General, G.R. No. L-6287, December 1, 1911) - Harry Ababon
(Asiatrust Development Bank vs. First Aikka Development, Inc. G.R. No. 179558, June 11, 2011) - Celyn
Fernando
(Pilapil vs. Heirs of Briones, G.R. No. 150175, February 5, 2007) - Elaine

B. Kinds of Action
1. In Rem
(Paderanga vs. Buissan, GR. No. 49475, September 28, 1993) - Cruz, Katherine
(Lucas vs. Lucas, G.R. No. 190710, June 6, 2011) - Jaziel Ann Resuento
2. In Personam
(Paderanga vs. Buissan, GR. No. 49475, September 28, 1993) - Cruz, Katherine
(Frias vs. Alcayde, G.R. No. 194262, February 28, 2018) - Ella Osorio
3. Quasi In Rem
(Biaco vs. Philippine Countryside Rural Bank, G.R. No. 161417, February 8, 2007) - Fara Hornedo
(De Pedro vs. Romasan Development Corp., G.R. No. 194751, November 26, 2014) - Ce
(Lucas vs. Lucas, G.R. No. 190710, June 6, 2011) - Jaziel Ann Resuento
(De Pedro vs. Romasan Development Corporation, G.R. No. 194751, November 26, 2014) - Ce
(Republic vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 122269, September 30, 1999) - Marites Pardilla
C. Cause of Action (Rule 2)
(Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company vs. Ley Construction and Development Corporation, G.R. No.
185590, December 3, 2014) - RC
(Multi-Realty Dev’t Corp vs. The Makati Tuscany Condominium Corp., G.R. No. 146726, June 16, 2006) -
Romela Polo
C.1 As distinguished with right of action
(Turner vs. Lorenzo Shipping, G.R. No. 157479, November 24, 2010) - Rummel Fenix
(Español vs. The Chairman and Members of the Board of Administrators, Philippine Veterans
Administration, G.R. No. L-44616, June 29, 1985) - Golda Pugales
(De Guzman vs. CA, G.R. Nos. 92029-30, December 20, 1990) - William Abarca
C.2 Failure to State a Cause of Action versus Lack of Cause of Action
(Zuñiga-Santos vs. Santos-Gran, G.R. No. 197380, October 8, 2014) - Roy Rebosura
(Anchor Savings Bank vs. Furigay, G.R. No. 191178, March 13, 2013) - Cruz, Katherine
(Apostolic Vicar of Tabuk, Inc. vs. Spouses Sison, G.R. No. 191132, January 27, 2016) - Alejo Tolledo
(Domondon vs. Lopez, A.M. No. RTJ-02-1696, June 20, 2002) - Alma
(Macasalang vs. Zamora, G.R. No. 156375, May 30, 2011) - Fernan Del Espiritu Santo
C.3 Test of Sufficiency of Cause of Action
(Heirs of Maramag vs. Maramag, G.R. No. 181132, June 5, 2009) - Anne Teta
(Manaloto vs. Veloso III, G.R. No. 171635, October 6, 2010) - Abi Valerio
(Diaz vs. Diaz, G.R. No. 135885, April 28, 2000) - Arlene Pia
(Spouses Zepeda vs. China Banking Corp., G.R. No. 172175, October 9, 2006) - Bernardo Flores
(Heirs of Maramag vs. Maramag, G.R. No. 181132, June 5, 2009) - Anne Teta
C.4 Splitting a Cause of Action
(Mariscal v. CA, G.R. No. 123926, July 22, 1999) - Lumen Rizada
(City of Bacolod vs. San Miguel Brewery, G.R. No. L-25134, October 30, 1969) - Ce
(Dynamic Builders & Construction Co Inc vs. Presbitero, Jr. G.R. No. 174202, April 7, 2015) - Anna Manuel
(Umale vs. Canoga Park Development Corp., G.R. No. 167246, July 20, 2011) - Harry Ababon
C.4.1 Divisible contracts: Rules in “splitting” of cause of action
(Quiogue v. Bautista, G.R. No. L-13159, February 28, 1962) - Dabert Candado
(Blossoms & Co. v. Manila Gas Corporation, G.R. No. L-32958, November 8, 1930) - Celyn
Fernando
C.5 Joinder and Misjoinder of Causes of Action
(Nabus v. CA, G.R. No. 91670, February 7, 1991) - Elaine
(Salvador vs. Patricia, GR No. 195834, November 09, 2016) - Piazac Untalan
(Sps. Perez vs. Hermano, G.R. No. 147417, July 8, 2005 - Ella Osorio
(Ada vs. Baylon, G.R. No. 182435, August 13, 2012) - Fara Hornedo

D. Parties to Civil Actions (Rule 3)

D.1 Legal capacity to sue
(Alliance of Quezon City Home Owners' Association vs. Quezon City Government, G.R. No. 230651,
September 17, 2018) - Jaziel Ann Resuento
D.2 Entities authorized by law
(Art. 251(e), Labor Code)
(Nazareno v. C.A., G.R. No. 138842, October 18, 2000) - Marites Pardilla
(Limjoco v. Intestate Estate of Fragante, G.R. No. L-770 April 27, 1948) - RC
(Barlin vs. Ramirez, G.R. No. 2832, November 24, 1906) - Romela Polo
(Versoza vs. Fernandez, G.R. No. 32276, November 19, 1930) - Rummel Fenix
(Barlin vs. Ramirez, G.R. No. 2832, November 24, 1906) - Romela Polo
(Versoza vs. Fernandez, G.R. No. 32276, November 19, 1930) - Golda Pugales