HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAM:-

"Family" refers to two or more individuals who depend on one another for emotional, physical
and economical support."

Family welfare includes not only planning of births,but they welfare of whole family by
means of total family health care. The family welfare programme has high priority in India,
because its success depends upon the quality of life of all citizen.

Healthcare has become one of India's largest sectors both in terms of revenue and
employment. Healthcare comprises hospitals, medical devices, clinical trials, outsourcing,
telemedicine, medical tourism, health insurance and medical equipment. To providing good
health for people, especially the poor and the underprivileged.

The ministry of health and family at the centre and states plays an important role in the
governmental effort in the delivery of health and family welfare service to people in the
country.

HISTORY OF FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME:-

01. It was started in year 1951

02. In 1977, the govt. of India redesignated the "national family planning programme" as the
"national family welfare programme", and also changed the name of the ministry of health
and family planning to ministry of health and family welfare.

03. It is a reflection of the govt's. anxiety to promote family planning through the total welfare
of the family.

04. It is aimed at achieving a higher end, i.e., to improve the quality of life of the people.

05. India is the first country in the world, that implemented the family welfare programme at
Govt. level.

06. Health is a part of concurrent list but center provides 100% assistance to states for this
programme.

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CONCEPT OF FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAM:-

01. The concept of welfare is basically related to quality of life.

02. As such it includes education, nutrition, health, employment, women's welfare and
rights,shelter, safe drinking water-all vital factors associated with the concept of welfare.
03. It is a Centrally sponsored programme. For this, the states receive 100 per cent assistance
from Central Government. The emphasis is on a child family.
04. Also, the emphasis is on spacing methods along with terminal methods,
05. The current policy is to promote family planning on the basis of voluntary and informed
acceptance with full community participation.
06. The services are taken to every doorstep in order to motivate families to accept the small
family norm.

AIM & OBJECTIVES OF FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME:-

01. To promote the adoption of small family size norm, on the basis of voluntary acceptance.
02. To promote the use of spacing methods.
03. To ensure adequate supply of contraceptives to all eligible couples within easy reach.
04. To arrange for clinical and surgical services so as to achieve the set targets.

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05. Participations/local leaders/ local self government, in family welfare programme at
various levels.

GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES:-
The major initiatives taken by the Government of India to promote Indian healthcare
industry are as follows:-
01. Provisions made in the Union Budget 2016-17.
02. A new health protection scheme for health cover up to 1 lakh per family.
03. Setting up 3,000 medical stores across the country to provide quality medicines at
affordable prices.
04. Senior citizens will get additional healthcare cover of Rs 30,000 (USS 441) under the
new scheme.
05. Pradhan Mantri Jan Aushadhi Yojana to be strengthened, 3000 generic drug store to be
opened.
06. Mr. JP Nadda, Union Minister for Health & Family Welfare, Government of India has
launched the National Deworming initiative aimed to protect more than 24 corer children in
the ages of 1-19 years from intestinal worms, on the eve of the National Deworming Day.
07. The E-health initiative, which is a part of Digital India drive launched by Prime Minister
Mr. Narendra Modi, aims at providing effective and economical healthcare services to all
citizens.

STRATEGIES OF FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME:-

01. INTEGRATION WITH HEALTH SERVICES:- FWP has been integrated with other
health services instead of being a separate services.
02. CONCENTRATION IN RURAL AREAS:- FWP are concentrated more in rural areas at
the level of subentries and primary health centers. This is in addition to hospitals at district,
state and central levels.
03. LITERACY:- There is a direct correlation between illiteracy and fertility. So stress and
priority is given for girl's education. Fertility rate among educated females is low.
04. RAISING THE AGE FOR MARRIAGE:- Under the child marriage restraint bill (1978),
the age of marriage has been raised to 21 years for males and 18 years for females. This has
some impact on fertility.

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HERE 5 THINGS ABOUT INDIA'S HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS:-
01. Rural v/s Urban Divide:-
India still spend only around 4.2% of its national GDP towards healthcare goods & services(
compare to 18% by the US). A staggering 70% of the population still lives in rural areas &
has no or limited access to hospitals & clinics.
02. Need for Effectives Payment mechanism:-
India's healthcare landscape is the high out-of-pocket expenditure(70%). According to the
World Bank & National Commission's report on Macroeconomics, only 5% of Indians are
covered by health insurance polices.
03. Demand for Basic Primary Healthcare & Infrastructures:-
Children under five are born underweight and roughly 7% (compare to 0.8% in the US) of
the die before their fifth birthday. Only a small percentage of the population has access to
quality sanitation. For primary healthcare, the Indian Govt. spends only about 30% of the
country's total healthcare budget.
04. Growing Pharmaceutical Sector:
According to the IBEF, India is the third-largest exporter of pharmaceutical Products in term
of volume. Around 80% of market is composed of generic low-cost drugs which seem to be
the major driver of the industry. The Govt. has already taken some liberal measures by
allowing foreign direct investment in this area which force behind the growth of Indian
pharma.
05. Underdeveloped Medical Devices Sector:-
The Govt. has been positive on clearing regulatory hurdles related to the import-export of
medical devices, and has set a few standards around clinical trials. According to Economic
Times, the medical devices sector is seen as the most promising area for future development
by foreign & regional investors; they are highly profitable and always in demand in other
countries. The cost of surgery in India is about one-tenth of that in the US or Western
Europe.

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SERVICES RENDER UNDER THE FAMILY WELFARE ARE:-
▸ Antenatal registration ‣ Immunization
▸ Screening of high risk pregnancy and follow up
▸ Anemia correction
▸ Intra natal care, emergency obstetric services, postnatal care.
Newborn care
▸ Family welfare services & Family planning services

MTP SERVICES:-
Micro-surgery: recanalisation and infertility
▸ Cancer screening: PAP smear test facility.
The services rendered under family planning activities may be described as below:

CLINIC SERVICES:-
▸ MCH services
▸ Those who have completed their family size (2 children) are motivated to opt for a
terminal method of contraception.
Those who wish to postpone the arrival of their next child are advised spacing methods with
due to emphasis on oral pills or copper -T insertion. ▸ Tubectomies are performed at the
clinics attached to primary health center and district hospitals.

DOMICILIARY SERVICES:-
▸ Education and motivation of eligible couple individually.
►Follow up of IUD and pills users and post operative follow up of vasectomy, Tubectomy
and MTP cases. ▸
Domiciliary care of antenatal, natal, post-natal infant and toddler care.
▸ Referral services-for those having special problem of post-operative complications.

COMMUNITY SERVICES:-
▸ Family planning survey:- This will comprise collective on of information (demographic,
cultural and socio-economic) about the place and people, preparation of village map and
household list; identification of eligible couples,expectant mothers,infants and pre-school
children and collecting information about other agencies engaged in the delivery of family
planning services.
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▸ Identification of community leaders:- Identification of local male and female leaders and
other influential persons in the community and mobilizing their support and participation in
the programme implementation is an essential factor for the success of the programme.

EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:-
▸ Nurses have to vital role to play in terms of providing education and motivation for
popularizing small family norms.
They have to explain the people that population increase should not be viewed from the
narrow view point of economic benefits to the family.
Educational activities to create awareness and to dissemination of specific information about
family planning methods and the desirability of a small family norms among general masses
are an are import aspect of the family planning programme.
Activities like film shows exhibitions, mass meetings, group discussion have to be organized
in the community
▸ Motivational effort:- Educational activities must be supplemented by motivational efforts.
Utilizing information from eligible couple register,the eligible couples should be motivated
individually and collectively.

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