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Example 4-5

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28 views9 pages

Example 4-5

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Uploaded by

vrajakisoriDasi
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Example 4-5. Molecular Type Compositions by A.K.

Coker

An estimate of fractional composition of paraffins, naphthenes and aromatics contained in light and heavy petrole
can be determined if the data on viscosity, relative density and refractive index of the desired fraction are known.
equations for calculating these compositions are:

Example 4 -5

Calculate the molecular type distribution of a petroleum fraction of relative density 0.945 and refractive index 1.5

Solution

d 0.945
n 1.523
Tb 750 K
V311 690 sec

x p a  b R i   c VG  "4-60"

x n d  e R i   f VG  "4-61"

x a g  h R i   i VG  "4-62"

and

d "4-63"
R i n 
2

MW 2.1905 x102 x exp 0.003924 T  x exp  3.07d  x T 0.118 d1.88 "4-68"

MW= 449

For heavy fractions (molecular weight MW = 200 - 500, the viscosity gas constant is:

10 d  1.0752 log V311  38  Or d  0.24  0.022 log V372  35.5 


VGC  VGC 
10  log V311  38  0.755

For light fractions (molecular weight MW = 80 - 200, the viscosity gas constant is:
VGF  1.816  3.484d  0.1156 ln  311  VGF  1.948  3.535d  0.1613 ln  372 

ν is the kinematic viscosity at 311 and 372K, mm2/s.

As the molecular weight MW > 200, the fraction is termed heavy and the viscosity gravity
constant VGC is calculated by:

10 d  1.0752 log V311  38 


VGC 
10  log V311  38 

0.894008

The refractive intercept, Ri is:

d
R i n 
2
Ri 1.0505

The mole fraction of paraffins, xp:

x p a  b R i   c VG 

xp 0.382899

The mole fraction of naphthenes, xn:

x n d  e R i   f VG 

xn 0.412936

The mole fraction of aromatics, xa:

x a g  h R i   i VG 

xa 0.204165

Total mole fraction of xp, xn and xa is:

Σ(xp+xn+xa) 1
ed in light and heavy petroleum fractions
desired fraction are known. The following

945 and refractive index 1.523, normal boiling point 750K and a viscosity of 690 Saybolt universal seconds at 311K

Notations
xp mole fraction of paraffins
xn mole fraction of naphthenes
xa mole fraction of aromatics
Ri refractive intercept as given by equation 4-63
n refractive index at 20oC and 101.3 kPa
d liquid density at 20oC and 101.3 kPa in kg/dm3
Tb mean average boiling point, K
MW molecular weight

Constants used in equations 4-60 to 4-62

Constant Light fraction Heavy fraction


MW = 80 -200 MW= 200-500
a -23.94 -9
b 24.21 12.53
g V372  35.5  c -1.092 -4.228
5 d 41.14 18.66
e -39.43 -19.9
f 0.627 2.973
g -16.2 -8.66
h 15.22 7.37
1613 ln  372  i 0.465 1.255
econds at 311K
Example 4-6. Molecular Type Compositions by A.K. Coker

An estimate of fractional composition of paraffins, naphthenes and aromatics contained in light and heavy petroleum
can be determined if the data on viscosity, relative density and refractive index of the desired fraction are known. The
equations for calculating these compositions are:

Example 4 -6

Calculate the molecular type distribution of a petroleum fraction of relative density 0.806 and refractive index 1.460,

Solution

d 0.806
n 1.46
Tb 470 K
V311 1.29 mm2/sec

Notations
x p a  b R i   c VG  "4-60" xp
xn
x n d  e R i   f VG  "4-61" xa
Ri
x a g  h R i   I VG  "4-62" n
d
and Tb
MW
d "4-63"
R i n 
2

MW 2.1905 x102 x exp 0.003924 T  x exp  3.07d  x T 0.118 d1.88 "4-68"

MW= 161

For light fractions (molecular weight MW = 80 - 200, the viscosity gas constant is:

VGF  1.816  3.484d  0.1156 ln  311  VGF  1.948  3.535d  0.1613 ln  372 
ν is the kinematic viscosity at 311 and 372K, mm2/s.

As the molecular weight MW < 200, the fraction is termed heav and the viscosity gravity
constant VGC is calculated by:

VGF  1.816  3.484d  0.1156 ln  311 

0.962667

The refractive intercept, Ri is:

d
R i n 
2
Ri 1.057

The mole fraction of paraffins, xp:

x p a  b R i   c VG 

xp 0.598737

The mole fraction of naphthenes, xn:

x n d  e R i   f VG 

xn 0.066082

The mole fraction of aromatics, xa:

x a g  h R i   I VG 

xa 0.33518

Total mole fraction of xp, xn and xa is:

Σ(xp+xn+xa) 1
n light and heavy petroleum fractions
red fraction are known. The following

and refractive index 1.460, normal boiling point 470K and a viscosity of 1.291 mm 2/s. at 311K

Notations
mole fraction of paraffins
mole fraction of naphthenes
mole fraction of aromatics
refractive intercept as given by equation 4-63
refractive index at 20oC and 101.3 kPa
liquid density at 20oC and 101.3 kPa in kg/dm3
mean average boiling point, K
molecular weight

Constants used in equations 4-60 to 4-62

Constant Light fraction Heavy fraction


MW = 80 -200 MW= 200-500
a -23.94 -9
b 24.21 12.53
c -1.092 -4.228
d 41.14 18.66
e -39.43 -19.9
f 0.627 2.973
g -16.2 -8.66
h 15.22 7.37
i 0.465 1.255

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