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Configuring IP Addresses, Subnet Masks & Default Gateways

Learn about configuring IP addresses, how subnet masks work and what a default gateway address is.

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42 views4 pages

Configuring IP Addresses, Subnet Masks & Default Gateways

Learn about configuring IP addresses, how subnet masks work and what a default gateway address is.

Uploaded by

swmcdonnell
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Small Business
Types of Businesses to Start > More Types of Businesses to Start

Configuring IP Addresses, Subnet Masks & Default Gateways


by Steve McDonnell, Demand Media

When your sign up for Internet access on behalf of your company or purchase Web hosting for
your company's Web servers, you will purchase either a dynamic IP address, a single static IP
address or a range of static IP addresses from the Internet Service Provider ISP. The IP
address and the subnet mask together create your Web server's address and the default
gateway is the address of the device through which all Internet traffic passes. Configure the IP
addresses, subnet masks and default gateways in the Web server's network interfaces
configuration file based on what you purchased.

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provides an IP
address to
assign to your
company's Configuring Dynamic Addresses
domain.
If you didn't purchase a static IP address from your company's ISP, your Web server should
request a dynamic IP address, subnet mask and default gateway when it connects to the
Related Articles Internet. Your ISP will lease the addresses to your server for a period of time -- for example,
How to Find a Default Gateway Address one week. Because your ISP assigns the addresses, you can't specify the addresses in a
How to Use a Static IP Address for Web Hosting configuration file. Instead, configure the network interface to request the addresses using
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). For example, add the following line to the
Reasons to Divide a Network Into Subnets
network interfaces configuration file to assign a dynamic IP address to the first Ethernet
How to Calculate Subnets With Microsoft Excel adapter:
How to Find the IP Address, Subnet Mask & Gateway of inet eth0 dhcp
a Computer
What Are the Top 10 Businesses to Start? Configuring a Single Static IP Address
If you purchased a single static IP address, your ISP will assign fixed values for the IP address,
subnet mask and default gateway. These values will not change. To configure the IP address,
subnet mask and default gateway, edit the network interfaces configuration file on your Web
server and specify the values that your ISP assigned to you. For example, add the following lines to the /etc/network/interfaces file to assign the static
address to the first Ethernet adapter:
inet eth0 static address 72.30.38.140 netmask 255.255.255.224 gateway 72.30.38.129

Related Reading: How to Calculate Subnets With Microsoft Excel

Identifying Multiple Static IP Addresses


If you purchased a Web hosting package with five IP addresses, your ISP will provide a range of IP addresses using Classless Inter-Domain Routing
(CIDR) notation. For example, your ISP may assign the company 98.139.183.24/29, which is CIDR notation for a range of eight IP addresses from
98.139.183.24 to 908.139.183.31 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.248. The first IP address is the address of the network, the second is the default
gateway, the third through seventh are the five IP addresses you can assign to your Web servers and the last address is the broadcast address for the
network.

Configuring Multiple Static IP Addresses


You can configure your Web Server to use five static IP addresses even if you have only one physical network adapter. Assign the first IP address to the
physical network adapter and create virtual network adapters by adding a colon and a number from zero to nine for the remaining addresses. Specify the
IP address and subnet mask for each adapter and include the default gateway with the physical adapter's address. For example:
iface eth0 inet static address 98.139.183.26 netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway 98.139.183.25
iface eth0:0 inet static address 98.139.183.27 netmask 255.255.255.248
iface eth0:1 inet static address 98.139.183.28 netmask 255.255.255.248
iface eth0:2 inet static address 98.139.183.29 netmask 255.255.255.248
iface eth0:3 inet static address 98.139.183.30 netmask 255.255.255.248

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References (3) 

Resources (1) 

About the Author


Steve McDonnell's experience running businesses and launching companies complements his technical expertise in information, technology and human
resources. He earned a degree in computer science from Dartmouth College, served on the WorldatWork editorial board, blogged for the Spotfire Business
Intelligence blog and has published books and book chapters for International Human Resource Information Management and Westlaw.

Photo Credits
Hemera Technologies/Photos.com/Getty Images

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