SCH4U Lesson 16 Assignment

In this assignment you are going to continue your study Dynamic Equilibrium in Chemical Systems

Total Marks: 56 marks

Instructions:
After completing the lesson action section, you are ready to complete your lesson assignment. Follow these steps:
a) In the textbox given, explain the strategy that you used to determine your answer.
b) Fill in your answer. The mark for each question is given at the introduction to the questions.
c) When finished answering all your questions, save your file and upload the file into the appropriate dropbox.

Part A (Dynamic Equilibrium): Multiple Choice: ( 38 marks) each question is worth 2 marks. One mark for the
strategy and one mark for the final answer.
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Your choices are given below the
text box. Make sure you include your strategy.

____ 1. A reversible reaction _______.

A reversible reaction involves both forward and reverse processes happening at the same time.
Answer: (c)

a. consists only of a forward reaction

b. consists only of a reverse reaction
c. consists of both a forward and a reverse reaction
d. consists of neither a forward nor a reverse reaction
e. none of the above

____ 2. Complete the statement below.

Equilibrium happens when _________.
At equilibrium, opposing processes (forward and reverse reactions) balance.
Answer: (a)

a. opposing forces balance

b. opposing forces are unbalanced
c. the forward and reverse reactions occur at different rates
d. the forward and reverse reactions are unbalanced

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 e. all of the above

____ 3. A system has reached chemical equilibrium. Which is true of the system?
At equilibrium, the concentration of reactants and products remains constant over time.
Answer: (a)

a. there is no net change in the concentration of reactants or products

b. the molecules have stopped combining and decomposing
c. the system is open
d. there is no change taking place
e. All of the above are true

____ 4. You read a reversible reaction from left to right in the forward direction. This direction shows which of these
occurring?
In the forward reaction, reactants are converted into products.
Answer: (a)

a. the reactants forming a product

b. the product decomposing to form reactants
c. both a and b occurring
d. b occurring, followed by a
e. none of the above

____ 5. A system reaches equilibrium. Which must be true of the system?

For a system to reach equilibrium, it must be closed, so no substances enter or leave.
Answer: (b)

a. it is open
b. it is closed
c. it is either open or closed
d. it is open and has pressure
e. it has no pressure

____ 6. The production of ammonia is best described as which reaction?

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 The production of ammonia (Haber process) is a reversible reaction.
Answer: c

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 a. a forward reaction
b. a reverse reaction
c. a reversible reaction
d. an irreversible reaction
e. an unbalanced reaction

____ 7. Which does not remain constant when a system is at dynamic equilibrium?
At equilibrium, temperature, pressure, and concentration remain constant, but pH can vary.
Answer: (e)

a. pressure
b. molecular reactions
c. temperature
d. concentration
e. pH

____ 8. After a few days, a stoppered flask at constant temperature containing a small amount of water will
___________.
A stoppered flask will eventually reach dynamic equilibrium where both liquid and vapor are present.
Answer: (d)

a. contain two different substances

b. contain only vapour
c. have molecules crossing the system boundary
d. reach dynamic equilibrium
e. be empty

____ 9. Which of these is not an example of heterogeneous equilibrium?

Heterogeneous equilibrium involves reactants and products in different phases (solid, liquid, gas). Gaseous
or homogeneous phases are not.
Answer: (c)

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a.
H2O(l)⇔H2O(g)
b.
C(s) + CO2(g)⇔CO2(g)
c.
N2O4(g)⇔2NO2(g)
d.
C2H5OH(l)⇔C2H5OH(g)
e.
CaCO3(s)⇔CaO(s) + CO2(g)

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____ 10. Two substances are mixed together in a flask. They undergo a reaction and reaches chemical equilibrium.
Which statement is true?
At equilibrium, both reactants and products coexist in the system.
Answer: (c)

a. The flask now contains only the products in the reaction.

b. The flask now contains only the reactants in the reaction.
c. The flask now contains both the reactants and the products.
d. The flask now contains neither the reactants nor the products.
e. The contents of the flask cannot be determined.

____ 11. Use the following information to answer the next question.
The equilibrium constant is derived from the concentrations of products and reactants.
Answer: (c)

Carbonic acid, H2CO3(aq), is a chemical substance which plays an important

role in controlling the pH of body fluids. In aqueous solution it produces
HCO3–(aq) and CO32–(aq) as shown below.
H2CO3(aq) + H2O( ) → H3O+(aq) + HCO3–(aq)

HCO3–(aq) + H2O( ) → H3O+(aq) + CO32–(aq)

The overall reaction can be written as the sum of the two reactions:
H2CO3 (aq) + 2H2O( ) → 2H3O+(aq) + CO32-(aq)

The concentration of the following substances involved in the reaction are:

[H3O+(aq)] = a mol/L
[CO32–(aq)] = b mol/L
[H2CO3(aq)] = c mol/L

The equilibrium constant for the overall reaction is:

a.

b.

c. a2bc

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d.

e. ab2c

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____ 12. In the equilibrium constant expression below, what do the exponents represent?

Exponents represent the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced equation.

Answer: (d)

a. the concentrations of reactants and products

b. the equilibrium constant
c. the rates of the forward and reverse reactions
d. the stoichiometric coefficients from the balanced equation
e. none of these

____ 13. Which is true of the numerical value of the equilibrium constant, ?
The equilibrium constant gives the ratio of product to reactant concentrations.
Answer: (a)

a. It represents the relative concentration of products compared with reactants.

b. It represents the ratio of reactants to products.
c. It is measured in the SI unit, mole.
d. Both a and c are true.
e. Both b and c are true.

____ 14. What does it mean if < 1, at equilibrium?

If the equilibrium constant is less than 1, it means the reactants are favored.
Answer: (a)

a. The concentration of reactants is greater than the concentration of products.

b. The concentration of products is greater than the concentration of reactants.
c. The rate of the forward reaction is greater than the rate of the reverse reaction.

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d. The rate of the reverse reaction is greater than the rate of the forward reaction.
e. The concentration of products and reactants are about the same.

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____ 15. Which represents for the equilibrium of the system shown below?

⇔
a

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

____ 16. Which represents for the equilibrium of the system shown below?

⇔
a

a.
b.
c.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

____ 17. Use the following information to answer the next question.
Given the following system at equilibrium,

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 N2(g) + O2 (g) ⇔ 2NO(g)

The equilibrium law expression for the reaction is

The equilibrium law expression is the ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations, each
raised to the power of their coefficients.
Answer: (a)

a.

Keq =
b.

Keq =
c.
Keq =
d.

Keq =
e.

Keq =

____ 18. Use the following information to answer the next question.
The equilibrium expression is the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants.
Answer: (a)

Phosphorus pentachloride, PCl5(g), undergo decomposition as

shown:
PCl5 (g) ⇔ PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)

The equilibrium expression for the reaction is

a.

Keq =
b.

Keq =

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c.

Keq =
d.

Keq =
e.

Keq =

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Part B ( Putting the Concepts to Work): Completion (18 marks): Using your reading, answer the following questions.
Give your answer as well as your strategy for determining your answer. As part of your answer, give the page number (or
website) that you used to find the answer the question.

1. (two marks) What does each variable in the equilibrium constant expression represent?
(two marks)

Keq​represents the equilibrium constant, the numerator is the concentration of products, and the
denominator is the concentration of reactants. The exponents are based on stoichiometry.

2. (two marks) What do you know about the concentration of products and reactants if > 1 at equilibrium?
If Keq>1, the products are favored.
Answer: The concentration of products is greater than the concentration of reactants.

3. (six marks) An ICE table is useful to organize information about a chemical system. What does the acronym
ICE stand for and how is it used? Give an example to illustrate.
CE stands for Initial, Change, and Equilibrium, and it's used to track concentration changes in reactions
at equilibrium.
Answer: ICE stands for:

● I: Initial concentrations
● C: Change in concentrations
● E: Equilibrium concentrations.

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 4.(four marks) Use the following information to answer the next question.
The following reaction is an example of an equilibrium system.
H2(g) + I2(g) ⇔ 2HI(g)

Write the expression that can be used to find Keq.

The equilibrium expression involves the ratio of product concentration to reactants, raised to the power
of their coefficients.
Answer: Keq=[HI]2/[H2][I2]

5. (four marks) Explain how to write the equilibrium constant expression for the system below.
N2(g) + O2(g) ⇔ 2NO (g)
Keq​=[N2​]/[O2​][NO]2​

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